68 Ac a Linguis ica Li huanica LXXIV
ANŽELIKA SMETONIENĖ
Lie u ių kalbos ins i u as
The di ec ion o scien i ic esea ch: wo d making.
The Commission shall be empowe ed o adop delega ed ac s in acco dance wi h A icle 26 o supplemen his Regula ion by laying down de ailed ules o he applica ion o his Regula ion.
I ish Sla ic oo s
HYBRIDES and hei de i a i es
Sla ic Loan Ve bs and Sla ic- oo Hyb ids
This Regula ion shall en e in o o ce on he wen ie h day ollowing ha o i s publica ion in he O icial Jou nal.
The e bs o Sla ic languages a e in eg a ed in o Li huanian by ollowing ce ain ules, bu
he LDK ex s o he 16 h and 17 h cen u ies con ain e bs o Sla ic o igin ha do no
con ain a p eposi ion (non-bo owed o non-con o ming e bs o Sla ic languages). The
ex s also bea wi ness o he ac ha hei ances al p ecep s a e common o he
deb o s. Some e bs o Sla ic o igin do no ha e a c ea i e connec ion wi h he common
oo bo owed om he oo wo d, o he s ha e […] (e.g. dye, -uoja, -a o […]dažy i[…] ChNT
404: dye […]dažai, colo […] SD1 31 […] le. pain colo s, pain s; Russian pain […] dažai[…]; Fo he
pu poses o his Annex, he ollowing de ini ions shall apply: o dye, o gi e colou , o co e
wi h dyes; Russian dyeing […] dyeing […] The a icle discusses he e bs o he Sla ic oo s
o bo h g oups and emphasizes he p oblema ic na u e o hei c ea ion. The ollowing
wo ds a e included in he ESMINIAI ocabula y: e b, sla ism, hyb id, loan, p eposi ion.
This Regula ion shall en e in o o ce on he wen ie h day ollowing ha o i s publica ion in he O icial Jou nal.
Sla ic loan e bs a e usually in eg a ed in o he Li huanian language in acco dance wi h
ce ain ules. Howe e , some Sla ic- oo loanwo ds o he 16 h-17 h cen u y ex s o he
G and Duchy o Li huania con ain su ixes ha do no ha e analogies in he Sla ic languages
o Sla ic su ixes a e no in eg a ed acco ding o he usual model. Common- oo wo ds
wi h egula su ixes a e eco ded in he same ex s oo. A pa o Sla ic oo e bs do
no ha e an unde lying bo owed wo d in he Li huanian language; Ano he pa o i egula
Sla ic- oo e bs can be explained by he p ocess o de i a ion in he Li huanian language
( o example, a buo i, -uoja, -a o ‘ o pain ChNT 404: a ba ‘pain , colou SD1 31 < Polish
a ba ‘colou , pain ; Ru henian pain he ollowing able is added: dye, -a oid, -a ojo ‘ o
pain DP 383, ChNT 25 < Polish dyeing ‘ o pain , o colou , o co e wi h pain ; Ru henian o
A icles o he 69 h
Sla izmai eiksmažodžiai i sla iškos šaknies hib idai
dye […] o pain […]. The a icle p esen s bo h g oups o hese Sla ic- oo e bs and he
p oblem o hei o ma ion. KEYWORDS: e b, Sla ism, hyb id, loanwo d, su ix. This is he
i s ime I' e used his wo d.
ĮVADAS
He has been in e es ed in Li huanian loanwo ds, especially Sla ic ones, since
ancien imes. The o igins o hese in es iga ions can be conside ed o be
Alexande B ückne 's Die sla ischen F emdwö e im Li auschen (1877), la e a
ischen Lehnwö e im Al li auischen (19311). Apie lie u ių kalbos sla izmus daug
la ge wo k by P ano Ska dž, Die slai is w i en in de ail by Kazimie Būga (Būga
IIII). He wo k p esen s a numbe o a gumen s, which un il hen we e lacking, as
o why he bo owe is a ibu ed o one o ano he o igin, usually hese
a gumen s a e o a phone ic na u e. The Li huanian language loans a e also
examined by Zigmo Zinke ičius (Zinke ičius 1968, 1974, 1988, 1997, 2002), Jono Palionis
(Palionis 1967), Ju gio Lebedžio (Lebedys 1977), Vinco U bučio (bu U is 1992, 1993)
and o he scien is s (O ębski 1965; Ka delis 2003; Siau ukienė 1987; Dini 1989, 1987,
1993; Adoma ičiū ė 1978, 1982, 1984; Widžak 2012; K egys 2012, 2013, 2014) in hei
wo k. Mos o he a o emen ioned s udies a e domina ed by bo owed
su names. The a icles o Ju gio Pake ys (Pake ys 2013) and Ki illo Kozhano
(Kozhano 2014) should be included in he newe wo ks on he examina ion o
bo owed e bs. In he con ex o he a o emen ioned li e a u e, i can be said
ha bo owed e bs a e much less s udied, al hough he p oblem o such
Sla icisms is ob ious […] he e is no clea dis inc ion be ween loanwo ds and
Li huanian language de i a i es om bo owed e bs. The e m "A menian"
usually e e s o wo ds ha ha e come om o he languages (Jakai ienė 2009:
227) o om o he languages (A menian) in he cou se o a ious con ac s
(economic, cul u al, poli ical, e c.). Acco ding o he o igin, loanwo ds a e di ided
in o hose om neighbo ing languages and hose om dis an languages
h ough in e media e languages, i.e. in e na ional wo ds. The main di e ence
be ween hese wo g oups o wo ds is he sou ce: o in e na ional wo ds, he p ima y sou ce is he sou ce om which he wo d began o sp ead o a ious languages.
Usually, i is no di icul o dis inguish bo owings om indigenous wo ds.
Deb s may a ise i e y old deb s a e analysed. Igo Koshkin, while s udying he
Sla ic languages o La ia, e en paid a en ion o some o he p oblems o he
loanwo ds: hei ch onology and he con usion in de e mining whe he he e b is a wo d o i s own o a loanwo d (Koshkin).
1 See also The sca s o 1998.
ANŽELIKA SMETONIENĖ
70 Ac a Linguis ica Li huanica LXXIV This Regula ion shall en e in o o ce on he wen ie h day ollowing ha o i s publica ion in he O icial Jou nal o he Eu opean Union.
2014: 2). In Li huanian dialec , his p oblem is no emphasized, bu no in he
LDK eks uose esama eiksmažodžių, ku ie ienų y inė ojų laiky i skoliniais,
16 h-17 h cen u ies. Examples include: o hink, o hink, o emembe , o
emembe , o emembe , o emembe , o emembe , o emembe , o
emembe , o emembe , o emembe , o emembe . 2. o hink, o conside ; 3.
o eel, o pi y, o pi y; 4. o ake ca e o ; 5. o be espec ed; 6. o pull, o pull.
Wojciech Smoczyńkis w i es ha i was p e iously hough ha he e bs
god i, -ja, -o, -jo, gdo i, -oja, -ojo a e a loanwo d (Smoczyński 2008: 75). In gene al,
he LKZ does no speci y whe he his e b is a loanwo d, only a compa ison wi h
he e bs o he Bulga ian language is p o ided. In he La ian language, gādā is
no conside ed a loanwo d, i is s a ed ha i is o he same o igin as he Li huanian wo ds god i, -ja, -jo, gdo i, -oja, -ojo and sla ų.
The Bible says: "Le you ligh shine be o e men, ha hey may see you good wo ks and glo i y you Fa he who is in he hea ens".
HIBRID SAMPRATA Wo ds ha a e be ween indigenous wo ds and loanwo ds a e hyb ids. E alda
Jakai ienė e e s o hem as he "in e im loan op ion" (Jakai ienė 2009: 211). Howe e , i would be
mo e accu a e o sepa a e hem om loanwo ds, since hyb ids ha e bo h hei own and
bo owed mo phemes. The e m "bo owed bo de " is de i ed om he Li huanian "bo owed
bo de ," which is a combina ion o he wo ds "bo owed" and "bo owed" in he Li huanian
language, and "bo owed" in he Li huanian language, which is a combina ion o he wo ds
niai a dažodžiai, y a galimybė, kad da ybinis yšys užsimezgęs lie u ių kal-
"bo owed" and "bo owed" in he Li huanian language. This is especially clea when he e b is
gi en a p e ix in he ecei e language, o mally no co esponding o he p e ix o he e bs in
Sla ic languages. When adop ing he Sla ic e b and in eg a ing i in o he Li huanian language, i
is usually ollowed by he addi ion o p eposi ions, i.e. lenkų, eas e n Sla ic p eposi ions -ować,
-o a i (-o a i, -a a i, -e aa i) in Li huanian language has he p eposi ions -a o i, -a oja, -a ojo (lie.
a enda o i, -a oja, -a ojo DP 294 < le a endować o usėnų a endo); Li huanian e bs wi h -y i,
-ija, -ijo co espond o Sla ic e bs wi h p eposi ions -ić (-yć), -i i (-y i) (lie. b y i, -ija, -ijo MP 36,
KN 237, ChNT 327 < le. bawić o usėnų baвити); - wi h (i) o i, - (i) oja, - (i) ojo […] Sla ic language
ac ion wo ds wi h -ać, -aću (-ać, -ać, -ya ) (lie. O he , o ci cula c oss-sec ion, o s ainless s eel
bujać o usėnų buja i; 2 The e ms dono language and ecipien language a e used based on he
book by J. Wohlgemu h (Wohlgemu h 2009: 51). The i s e m de ines he bo owing language, he
second […] he language ha bo ows he u. o be. Howe e , he 16 h- and 17 h-cen u y LDK
ex s bea wi ness o Sla ic oo s, whose p eposi ions a e -i, -u, -i, -a o and -i, -au, -i, -auja, -i, -a o,
which ha e no analogues in Sla ic languages and do no co espond o he in eg a i e sys em o
Sla ic languages. The e bs o he Sla ic oo s o he la e p ecep s should no be iden i ied
wi h he loanwo ds co esponding o he e bs o he Sla ic languages wi h bo h oo s and
pe ima.
A icles by A icles 71
Sla izmai eiksmažodžiai i sla iškos šaknies hib idai
p ecep s. The con as be ween hese wo g oups o e bs is ob ious when in he old w i ings
nex o he e b conjuga ion (in case, lie. This Regula ion shall en e in o o ce on he wen ie h
day ollowing ha o i s publica ion in he O icial Jou nal o he Eu opean Union. The wo d
" uga i" (CPA XXII 232) is a w i en and unw i en e b (SD3 500), which is no di e en in meaning
and meaning om he e bs o Sla ic languages. In Li huanian, and especially in he same
w i ings, when he basic wo d o such an un ela ed e b is used, i.e. a bo owed noun, he
disc epancies in he p eposi ions a e usually explained by he p ocess o making wi h a ixes.
De i a ion in he Li huanian language is usually accompanied by cha ac e is ic ca ego ies. Good
examples o such a p ocess a e sb in i, -ina, -ino ‘ o make a scep e , a pa icle SD3 175, i s
common oo is he wo d sb áu i, -áuja, - o, sb au i, -auja, -a o 1. […]bend au- -[…] o […]being a
whose wedding[…] SD3 71. The las e b is he mos ypical membe o he pa iciple ca ego y: i
has he mos pa iciple e b -au i and i s base wo d is abs ac . Sb in i, -ina, -ino is de i ed wi h
he e y ac ual p e ix -in i om he loanwo d sb as, -ė, sb as, -ė, and a e usually li ing nouns
(DLKG3: 388). Sæb áu i, -áuja, - o, sb au i, -auja, -a o in he mean ime is a s em, om sb in i, -ina,
-ino di e ing no only in meaning, bu also in p eposi ions.
i, d augau i’; 2. ‘pusininkau i’ DP 416, KN G 85, SD1 99 i s odbáu i, -áuja,
sèb as, -ė DP 293, KN SE 221, SD1 26, JE1 95. Tokių edinių pama inis žodis
Sb in i, -ina, -ino, s odbáu i, -áuja, - o and o he simila e bs should be conside ed
as hyb ids om he poin o iew o ac ion. The de ini ion o hyb ids p o ided by
he LKE is wide- anging: […] hese wo ds, in addi ion o hei own, con ain
mo emų. Hib idai pap as ai a si anda dėl kalka imo, skolinių pe di bimo a -
non-li e al e bs om o he languages, using al eady bo owed mo phemes[…]
(LKE 2008: 207). S asys Keinys, who has del ed deepes in o he place o hyb ids in
he Li huanian language sys em, has poin ed ou ha hyb ids a e p ima ily a
lexicological e m, since i is pa o he classi ica ion o wo ds acco ding o
hei o igin in he sys em (be ween loanwo ds and indigenous wo ds) (Keinys 1984:
117), bu i is no sepa a ed om he wo d-making, because i is p ecisely h ough
hyb ids ha i a ises. Thus, e bs such as sb in i, -ina, -ino, s odbáu i, -áuja, - o,
and o he s like hem co espond o his hyb id de ini ion: hey ha e a Sla ic oo ,
an indigenous p e ix, and a base wo d. In addi ion, hei meanings a e modi ied
compa ed o he adjacen Sla ic e bs by looking a he meanings o he basic
wo ds and p eposi ions.
ANŽELIKA SMETONIENĖ
72 Ac a Linguis ica Li huanica LXXIV This Regula ion shall en e in o o ce on he wen ie h day ollowing ha o i s publica ion in he O icial Jou nal o he Eu opean Union.
Howe e , i is no clea which o he Sla ic oo s o he e bs ha do no ha e
basic wo ds in he Li huanian language, bu ecei ed non-in eg a i e p eposi ions,
places (in he case o he a o emen ioned oo ) du ing in eg a ion. Joachim G zeg,
in p esen ing he classic Be zo deb in eg a ion scheme, di ides he deb s in o
h ee pa s based on he in eg a ion me hod: impo a ion, pa ial subs i u ion and
subs i u ion. The i s pa […] impo […] is u he di ided in o wo pa s: when
he loan is no adap ed o he ecipien 's mo phological sys em (image, me o), and
when i is adap ed. In he la e case, i would be loanwo ds, he i s […] some
in e na ional wo ds. In con as , subs i u ion […] is a alue in which wo ds o en i e
ph ases a e ansla ed in o a pomo pheme (G zega 2003: 25). Wo ds o he Rūgo i
ype, which would appea i he Be zo classi ica ion we e used, should belong o a
pa ial subs i u ion, so-called mixed-bo owed mixed-b owse combina ions (in
(loan blend). Vis dėl o pas a ieji sup an ami ki aip: ai y a sa o i iš e s o žo-
Ge man, Showgeschä acco ding o an. show business) o sho ened wo ds.
G zego z calls hem "hyb id compounds." In he Li huanian language, such pa ial
mo pheme ansla ions, whe e pa s o mo phemes a e eplaced by Li huanian (in a
igu a i e, an i- eligious sense), a e also classi ied as hyb ids (LKE 2008: 207). I is
impo an o emphasise ha hal - alues can be conside ed hyb ids, bu no ice
e sa (Keynes 1984: 115). Howe e , i is unlikely ha he ca e o he ype o ac ion
can be a ibu ed o hal - u hs, because he ansla ion o he p ecep s as a
ac is e y doub ul. Besides, i would be comple ely chao ic. Fo example, he e b
š au i, -auja, -a o DP 1898, is p onounced -au i, al hough he e b s a y a i (ECUM
V 39 lować (SJP VII 107)) in Uk ainian languages is also p onounced -a o i.
šal inis, lem ų p iesagą -a o i, o elio i, -ioja, -i o DP 628 jau u i p iesagą
-iuo i, no s galimi šal iniai (uk. a m. трeлювати (ECУM V 628), le. a m. e-
In Li huanian, he in eg a ed loan wo d is no conside ed a hyb id, because he end
has only a g amma ical unc ion (Keinys 1984: 115). In he e b o ca e, he
p eposi ion -uoy a, - i pe o ms a g amma ical unc ion, bu he e is no base
wo d he e. Acco ding o U bucius, his is no jus a de i a ion based on oo s.
Al hough i does no p o ide examples o e bs, i can be unde s ood ha i is
sugges ed o look a i as a mani es a ion o a mo phological adap a ion ha does
no gi e ise o inno a ions. I can only occu in a ian s o he same wo d when a
p e iously bo owed o o he wise wo d is ans o med and he a ix is a
mo phological sand, bo h a ian s can unc ion nex o i (U bu is 1978: 115). I has
al eady been men ioned ha ha dened Sla icism should no be ega ded as a
deb o deb , and i is no a hal -hea ed one. Acco ding o M U bucius, such cases
can be ega ded as deb o 's ansac ions (whe e he deb o 's deb is a ached)
o as ansac ions in he cou se o sepa a e in eg a ion (whe e he deb o 's
deb is no a ached). Based on he b oad de ini ion o LKE hyb ids and he ac ha hey also include deb eco e ies, hey

S aipsniai / A icles 73
Sla izmai eiksmažodžiai i sla iškos šaknies hib idai
adinami hib idais. Siekian aiškumo, eiksmažodžiai, ne u in ys sla ų kalbo-
Acco ding o he opposi ion, p ecision ma ches a e di ided in o wo hyb id
species […] adap a i e and de i a i e. The names o hese g oups o wo ds a e
con o e sial, bu he basis o hei sepa a ion is clea : i he loan- oo p e ix
o he e b in he ecipien language does no co espond o he dono wo d o
p iesagų i kalboje ecipien ėje nė a paliudy as bend ašaknis eiksmažodžio
he language […] he po en ial basis o he e b, such a e b is conside ed an
adap i e hyb id. I he common oo o a e b is ouched in he ecipien wo d
and a e b ela ionship is seen be ween hem, such a e b is a de i a i e hyb id.
HYBRID and he SCOLINS o SANTYKIS
F om he 16 h and 17 h cen u y LDC ex s o a ian s o he Middle and
Eas e n Old Tes amen languages, Sla ic oo e bs ha e been selec ed, which
a e p eposi ions ha o mally do no ma ch he meanings o Sla ic e bs, as
well as hei common e bs […] dėsningieji skoliniai, in o de o de e mine
whe he he e is a no iceable di e ence be ween adap a i e hyb ids and
dėsningieji skoliniai. All collec ed ac ions can be di ided in o se e al g oups:
• A e b o Sla ic o igin has a non-sounding p e ix, compa ed o he sou ce, and has no e bal
connec ions wi h he bo owed wo ds used in Li huanian, XVI does no ha e […]XVII cen u y LDK
w i ings ha show common ances y o loanwo ds. A o al o 74 such ac ions we e ound. 3
Ma e ials collec ed om he indexes by Mikalojus Daukšos Pos illa Ca holicka (Kudzinowski 1977) The
Ka hechismas o Mikalojos Daukšos o he eaching o he K ikszczionii p iwal s (Jakšienė, Palionis
1995); The dic iona y o he ium lingua um by Cons an ine Si ydo (Pakalka 1979, 1997); This Decision
shall en e in o o ce on he day ollowing ha o i s publica ion in he O icial Jou nal o he
Eu opean Union. The New Tes amen by Samuel Boguslaw Chilinski (Kudzinowski 1964) was published by
he Wa ch owe Bible and T ac Socie y o Pennsyl ania. The lexicon o he Book o Nobles (Pa I)
(Jakulis 1995) and he published conco dance (1605 m. anonymous ca echism; The Ca echism o Robe o
Bella mino The Giesmes ikieim y ka holickam p idia ancias by Saliam Moze kos Sla očinski was
published by he Ca holic Encyclopedia. The Polish and Li huanian Gospels o John Jaknawicius; he
opening se mon; I would like o hank he P esiden -in-O ice o he Council and he P esiden o he Commission o he excellen wo k hey ha e done. 4 Spelled ou , -ioja, -iojo 1. ‘pushing while c ossing; o be c uci ied; 2. is s DP 145, MP 153, SD3 137, and
SPII 24 < plg. b u. a m. пялiць (ЭСБМ X 296); uk. a m. п′ялити (ЭСБМ X 296); u. a m.
O he , o a a con en , by weigh , in he d y ma e :
I 's a shame, i 's a shame, i 's a shame. o alk, o s a e, o gossip, o be old; 2. o make un o , o
make un o DP 189 < uk. he language. old age (ECUM V 398); o which: he language. he ollowing able is inse ed:
Tlka y i, -ija, -ijo ‘ e ėjau i’ DP 385 < usėnų толковати (ГСБМ XXXIII 384); sen. u.
o be in e p e ed (Cd J XXIX 404)
To chee , o chee , o chee , o chee , o chee , o chee , o chee , o chee , o chee . he language. This Regula ion shall en e in o o ce on he day ollowing ha o i s publica ion in he O icial Jou nal o he Eu opean Union.
This Regula ion shall en e in o o ce on he wen ie h day ollowing ha o i s publica ion in he O icial Jou nal o he Eu opean Union.
ANŽELIKA SMETONIENĖ
74 Ac o Linguis ic Li huanian LXXIV
• A e b o Sla ic o igin has a non-syn ac ic p e ix, compa ed o he
sou ce, and has no e bal connec ions wi h he bo owed wo ds used in
Li huanian, bu has a syn ac ic p e ix nex o i . The e a e only ou such
ac ions, and hey will be discussed la e .
• A e b o Sla ic o igin in Li huanian has an un ela ed p e ix compa ed o a
possible sou ce, bu may be associa ed wi h a co esponding bo owed
wo d. In o he wo ds, he e bs o his g oup a e de i a i es […] hyb ids,
o which he e a e 115. The a ian wi h a dancing p e ace, compa ed o
he co esponding Sla ic dialec ac ion, is no ound in he 16 h-17 h cen u y LDK ex s.
• A e b o Sla ic o igin in Li huanian has an un ela ed p e ix, compa ed o a possible sou ce, and
has a cons uc ional connec ion wi h he common oo o Li huanian Kas y au i, -auja, -a o ‘ o
play wi h bones DP 30 < le. he skele on (SPol XI 11). I 's called "Paleo". I 's called "Paleo". I 's called
"Paleo". o en us , o en us , o assign, o sac i ice; This Regula ion shall en e in o o ce on
he wen ie h day ollowing ha o i s publica ion in he O icial Jou nal o he Eu opean Union.
This Regula ion shall en e in o o ce on he wen ie h day ollowing ha o i s publica ion in he O icial Jou nal o he Eu opean Union. he ollowing pa ag aph is inse ed: he ollowing able is inse ed:
To shake, o shake, o shake, o pull, o pull. he language. he ollowing able is inse ed:
628); he ollowing pa ag aph is inse ed: he language. he ollowing able is inse ed:
5
Ch is mas, yeah, yeah, he i s one. choose a Ch is mas p esen ; 2. o ly; 3. […]Ape Kalėdas
isi ing o collec duokles (ape p ies and chu ch se an s) […] SD3 112: Kalėda DP 57, KN G 129, SD1 59 […] usėnų
Ch is mas, Ch is mas (GSM XV 191) is he name o he game.
I 's like, "Oh, my God, my God, my God". abs ain om any ood (e.g. mea , milk) on he days se by
he eligion […] PK 88, DP 20, MP 108, ChNT 12, SD1 282, SPII 5: p[…]snykas 89, DK DP 109, SD1 280, SPII 5
[…] usėnų посникъ (GCBM XXVII 140). I'm no going o lie o you. I'm no going o lie o you. I'm going
o ake a showe . I'm going o ake a showe . I'm going o ake a showe . o be iends, o be iends; 2. he hal -b eed DP 416, KN
G 85, SD1 99 : sb as, -ė, sb as, -ė, sèb as, -ė DP 293, KN SE 221, SD1 26, JE1 95 < usėnų cябръ
This Regula ion shall en e in o o ce on he wen ie h day ollowing ha o i s publica ion in he O icial Jou nal o he Eu opean Union.
The ollowing de ini ions shall apply: (a) in he case o a ehicle equipped wi h an au oma ic eme gency
SE 221, SD1 26, JE1 95 < usėnų cябръ (МДСУМ II 383).
b aking sys em; (b) in he case o a ehicle equipped wi h an au oma ic eme gency b aking sys em; (c)
in he case o a ehicle equipped wi h an au oma ic eme gency b aking sys em: (d) in he case o a
ehicle equipped wi h an au oma ic eme gency b aking sys em; (e) in he case o a ehicle equipped
wi h an au oma ic eme gency b aking sys em. The wedding, he wedding (GSBM XXXI 71). He e ical, -
p o ec ion, - had o ansla e, called he e ic […] KN SE 120: he e ical, -ė, he e ic, -ė, he e ic, -ė DP 68,
SD1 KN 50, SE 5, KR < le. He was a he e ic (SPol VIII 328; SP). I 's no like I don' know wha I'm alking
abou . I don' know wha I'm alking abou . O he , o a a con en , by weigh , in he d y ma e : I 's
old. Hy i, Hy i, Hy i, Hy i, Hy i, Hy i, Hy i, Hy i, Hy i, Hy i, Hy i, Hy i, Hy i, Hy i, Hy i,
Hy i, Hy i, Hy i, Hy i, Hy i, Hy i, Hy i, Hy i, Hy i, Hy i, Hy i, Hy i, Hy i, Hy i, Hy i, Hy i,
Hy i, Hy i, Hy i, Hy i, Hy i, Hy i, Hy i, Hy i, Hy i, Hy i, Hy i, Hy i, Hy i, Hy i, Hy i, Hy i,
Hy i, Hy i, Hy i, Hy i, Hy i, Hy i, Hy i, Hy i, Hy i, Hy i, Hy i, Hy i, Hy i, Hy i, Hy i, Hy i,
Hy i, Hy i, Hy i, Hy i, Hy i, Hy i, Hy i, Hy i, Hy i, Hy i, Hy i, Hy i, Hy i, Hy i, Hy i, Hy i,
Hy i, Hy i, Hy i, Hy i, Hy i, Hy i, Hy i, Hy i, Hy i, Hy i, Hy i, Hy i, Hy i, Hy i, Hy i, Hy i,
Hy i, Hy i, Hy i, Hy i, Hy i, Hy i, Hy i, Hy i, Hy i, Hy i, Hy i, Hy i, Hy i, Hy i, Hy i, Hy i,
Hy i, Hy i, Hy i, Hy i, Hy i, Hy i, Hy i, Hy i, Hy i, Hy i, Hy i, Hy i, Hy i, Hy i, Hy i, Hy i, Hy i, Don' wo y abou i . I 's numbe one. no o gi e peace; 2. do no wo y, do no wo y CN SE 57: no less han DP 220, SD1 95, CN G 251 < le. he ollowing able is inse ed: I 's old. he ollowing able is inse ed: To ob, o s eal, o ob, o kill. DP 308: o ob (LKŽe) […] o ob he Russians (GSBM XXIX 446); This Regula ion shall en e in o o ce on he wen ie h day ollowing ha o i s publica ion in he O icial Jou nal o he Eu opean Union. he ollowing pa ag aph is inse ed: O he , o a hickness no exceeding 0,2 mm o which: Fo he pu poses o his Regula ion, he ollowing de ini ions shall apply: o which: I 's called obbe y. I 's called obbe y. I 's called S o as áu i, -auja, - o; The ollowing de ini ions shall apply: he old man, he old man, he old man (CSM II 381); he ollowing pa ag aph is inse ed: he mayo (SPol VIII 418); o which: he old man (CDA III 496; CPDA XXVIII 11).
A icles o he 75 h
Sla izmai eiksmažodžiai i sla iškos šaknies hib idai
a bo owed wo d, usually a su name. In he ex s o he 16 h-17 h
cen u y LDK, he common oo s o he wo ds o he e bs o his
g oup a e a es ed […] skoliniai, whose p e ix o mally co esponds o
he p e ix o he e bs o Sla ic languages.
O he , o a a con en , by weigh , in he d y ma e
The e bs o he la e g oup a e in e es ing in ha hey can e eal whe he
he meanings o e bs bo owed om bo owed wo ds di e signi ican ly
om he meaning o e bs bo owed om bo owed wo ds in he Li huanian
language. In he ex s o he 16 h-17 h cen u y LDK, 12 pai s o e bs a e ound.
In he case o he Uni ed Kingdom, he Commission conside s ha he aid is
compa ible wi h he in e nal ma ke wi hin he meaning o A icle 107 (3) (c) o
he T ea y on he Func ioning o he Eu opean Union.
JE1 87 / mie o i, -oja, - o DK 142, SG1 57, KN SE 20, ChNT 16, SD1 106,
207; pė na o i, -a oja, -a ojo SD1 10 / pė ny i, -ija, -ijo SD1 88; p i by i, -ija, -ijo
The e is no endency o w i e hyb id and egula deb s in old w i ings. Some imes
he hyb id and he egula loan a e spelled oughly he same, and in some cases
he hyb id is e en mo e common. I is also no possible o classi y loanwo ds and
hyb ids based on he p eposi ions o bo h ypes o wo ds. Fo example, in one
case, he egula loan has he p eposi ions -a i, -a ja, and he hyb id áu i, -áuja
(like la a i and la áu i), in ano he case he hyb id al eady has di e en
p eposi ions (like dye and dye). This ins abili y o hyb id p ecep s could only be
explained by he ca ego ies o Vedic p ac ices hemsel es.
The al e, he -ina, he -ino 1. o be ee, o lead; In he case o a ehicle equipped wi h an
au oma ic eme gency b aking sys em, he b aking sys em shall be so designed and
cons uc ed as o enable he ehicle o be p opelled so as o enable he ehicle o be d i en so as o enable he ehicle o be d i en so as o enable he ehicle o be d i en so as o enable he ehicle o be d i en so as o enable he ehicle o be d i en so. he ollowing pa ag aph is inse ed: wool (SS X 292; SP); o which: The Commission shall be empowe ed o adop delega ed ac s in acco dance wi h A icle 26 o supplemen his Regula ion by laying down de ailed ules o he applica ion o his Regula ion.
ANŽELIKA SMETONIENĖ
76 Ac a Linguis ica Li huanica LXXIV This Regula ion shall en e in o o ce on he wen ie h day ollowing ha o i s publica ion in he O icial Jou nal o he Eu opean Union.
One LENTEL. The ela ionship be ween he meanings o hyb ids and hei base wo ds
HYBRIDES GENERAL WORD This is he i s ime ha his wo d has been used in he English language.
La au i, -auja, - o L as (Spanish p onuncia ion (help·in o)) is a Spanish ele ision se ies.
1. alka au i, gi uokliau i, paleis u au i; 1. alka a, gi uoklis, paleis u is, inginys;
2. o s eal, o ob, o kill; 2. he mu de e ;
3. he obbe ;
The uby, he -ioja, he -iojo
1. o d aw a line; 1. bounda y o he
e i o y, wall; 2. pl. a de ined a ea, a ea;
3. he edge o he land, he edge o he ield, he pa h;
Fa buo i, -uoja, -a o Fa ba
1. o be pain ed; 1. pain s and dyes;
To dance, o dance, o dance
1. o dance; 1. he dance;
2. dancing and pa ying;
3. he egimen , he ba alion;
O he a o emen ioned 12 pai s o e bs, he e a e cases in which he meanings o
he Li huanian e b and he loan wo d do no di e a all: la a i, -a ja, -a jo
la áu i, -áuja, - o 1. "d unkenness, d unkenness, excesses wi h alcohol"; 2. o
s eal, o ob, o kill; I 's called ubbing, i 's called ubbing, i 's called ubbing, i 's
called ubbing, i 's called ubbing, i 's called ubbing. o dye, o pain , o dye, o dye,
o dye; To dance, o ha e, o dance, o dance, o dance. The wo ds " o be" and " o
sla ų kalbose nė a jų o maliųjų a i ikmenų – eiksmažodžių-šal inių. Hib i-
dance" ha e p eposi ions ha a e no gene ally cha ac e is ic o he Sla ic
languages, and he p eposi ions " o go", " o go", " o go", " o go", " o go", " o go",
" o go", " o go", " o go", " o go", " o go", " o go", " o go", " o go", " o go", " o
go", " o go", " o go", " o go", " o go", " o go", " o go", " o go", " o go", " o go". In
addi ion, he in e p e a ion o he Sla ic oo s o hese p ecep s is e en mo e
complica ed. When a bo owed su name is used o o m a su name wi h -y i, -ija,
-ijo, i is only ac ual o mu a i e (O ębski 1965: 390). The use o -i-o i, -i-oja, -i-ojo
om bo owed e bs is no limi ed o he ca ego ies o e bs and o sepa a e he
loan om he hyb id, when in Sla ic languages he e a e p ecise e bs, and in
Li huanian […] co esponds o a po en ial base wo d, qui e keblu. Ne e heless, he
e b ubežio i gi en he e is classi ied as a hyb id, since Sla ic languages simply do
no ha e a o mal co espondence o i .
A icles by A icles 83
Sla izmai eiksmažodžiai i sla iškos šaknies hib idai
The Appendices
Li huanian language conjuga ions om loanwo ds a ely unde go meaning changes,
compa ed o common oo e bs wi h egula loanwo ds. Mo e o en han no ,
de i a i e hyb ids a e based on he meanings o he oo wo d, and his is he basis
o he di e ences be ween he Sla ic oo s o e bs and e bs. The la e
usually come om Sla ic languages wi h se e al meanings, and hyb ids, de i ed
om Li huanian soil, ecei e a speci ic meaning, suppo ed by he ca ego y o he
e b (pa y ies, a p o inė i, -inja, -injo), o ice e sa […] aking in o accoun he
meanings o he oo wo d edinys can acqui e new meanings (pa y ies, mie o i,
-oja, - o), which do no e en ha e he co esponding Sla ic meanings. he language.
eiksmažodžiai. Tuo a pu eiksmažodžiai, ku iuos siūloma adin i adap aci-
niais hib idais, nuo egulia iųjų sa o bend ašaknių žodžių sla izmų iš esmės
To ha e, o be, o ha e, o be, o be, o be, o be, o be, o be, o be, o be, o be, o
be, o be, o be, o be, o be, o be, o be, o be, o be, o be. This case, whe e he
i egula p e ix o he Sla ic oo e b has mo e associa ions wi h he meanings
o he e b in Sla ic languages han he egula loanwo d, means ha he hand and
simila e bs ha e unde gone modi ica ions du ing in eg a ion.
In addi ion, he Commission shall:
BK […] The ca echism o Robe o Bella mino. Access ia he In e ne : h p:
www.lki.l senieji as ai/db.php This is a lis o he municipali ies o he Czech Republic.
Alexande B uckne (1877): The Sla ic illages o he Eas in Li huania. I can be
accessed ia he In e ne a
www.h ps://a chi e.o g/de ails/diesla ischen 01b goog. Bug Kazimie z I[…]III: The
w i ings o Rink yn a e 1[…]3. Vilnius: S a e publishing house o poli ical and scien i ic li e a u e, 1958-1961.
In 1595, S . Michael he A changel p eached he ca echism o he ca echism o he
Chu ch o S . Michael he E angelis . […] The ca echism o Mikalojus Daukšos o he
yea 1595, by V. Jakšienė, J. Palionis. Vilnius: Publishing house o Science and Encyclopedias, 1995.
Michael o Dauphiné, 1599: The Ca holic Pos illa. […] Daukšos Pos ilė. […] Daukšos Pos ilė. […] Daukšos Pos ilė. […] Daukšos Pos ilė. […] Daukšos Pos ilė. […] Daukšos Pos ilė. […] Daukšos Pos ilė. […] This is he i s ime ha I ha e seen his name. Kaunas: Li huanian
Published by he Uni e si y, 1926.
Dini Pie o Umbe o 1987: Sla ismi e ge manismi lessicali nel Piccolo Ca echismo
li uano di Lysius (Sla ism and Ge manism lessicals in he Li le Ca echism o he Li huanian Ca echism) is a book by he Li huanian philosophe and his o ian. […] Annals o he Facul y o Le e s and Philosophy, 225 […] 245.

ANŽELIKA SMETONIENĖ
84 Ac a Linguis ica Li huanica LXXIV
Dini Pie o Umbe o 1989: Sla izmai Lizijaus i Engelio ka ekizmuose: sug e i-
he analysis o he house. This Decision shall en e in o o ce on he day
ollowing ha o i s publica ion in he O icial Jou nal o he Eu opean Union.
Dini Pie o Umbe o 1993: Sul ela o in lusso polacco negli agge i i de i a i del li uano an ico (Ledesma 1590, Daukša 1595, Anonymous 1605) This is he i s ime ha he e m has been used in he Polish language. […] Annals o he Facul y o
Le e s and Philosophy, 147-159.
DLKG3 – Daba inės lie u ių kalbos g ama ika, pa . V. Amb azas. Vilnius: Mokslo i en-
Ins i u e o he Publishing o Cyclopedias, 1997.
G zego z Joachim: Bo owings as a wo d- inding in cogni i e his o ical onomas ics
This is Onomasiology Online, 22-42. I is a ailable on he In e ne a : h p:
www.ku-eichs ae .de/SLFEngluVglSW/On.h m.
Jakai ienė E alda 2009: Lec iona y o he English language. Vilnius: The Uni e si y o
Vilnius. Jaknawicius Jonas 16471, 16742, 16793, 16904, 17055: Ewangelie Polskie y Li ewskie
(E angelies o Poland and Li huania) was published by he Polish Academy o Sciences.
Access ia he In e ne : h p: www.lki.l /senieji as ai/db.php This is a lis o he
municipali ies o he Czech Republic. Jakulis An anas 1995: The dic iona y o he book o Nobažnys ė 1. Klaipėda: The publishing house o S. Jokuzi. In 2003 he published a book on he phonology o Sla ic dialec s in he Eas e n Highlands. The Vilnius:
Vilnius Uni e si y publishing house.
Ka ulis Kons an īns 1992: La ian e ymology dic iona y 1 and 2. This is A o s. Keinys
S asys 1984: Li huanian language hyb ids (wo d, species and no ms). Wo ks o he
Academy o Sciences o he Li huanian SSR. Se ies A, one hund ed and hi y- h ee,
one hund ed and wen y- h ee. […] The book o he Ch is iani y o he O hodox
Chu ch 1653-1682: […] The book o he Ch is iani y o he O hodox Chu ch, edi ed by
D. Pociū ė, Vilnius: Li huanian Ins i u e o Li e a u e and E hics, 2004. K. Ki ill: The
Seman ics o he P edecesso in he Li huanian Language […] Whi es and Sla s: a he c oss oads o spi i ual cul u es, 254 […] 274.
[…] KR Kasakauskis Ju gis 16811, 16912: The Rosa y o he Blessed Vi gin Ma y.
Access ia he In e ne : h p: www.lki.l /senieji as ai/db.php This is a lis o he
municipali ies o he Czech Republic. K egzdy-Roland 2012: Cha ac e is ics o he
Sla ic Polynesians in he Li huanian language. LingVa ia 2(14), 125146. This is no he case.
K egždys Rolandas 2013: Leksiniai skoliniai […] The e lec ion o cul u al
in e e ence o peoples: he polonism-semi ism o he Li huanian language. This
Regula ion shall en e in o o ce on he wen ie h day ollowing ha o i s publica ion in he O icial Jou nal o he Eu opean Union. K egzhodas Rolandas: Me hodology and c i e ia o he iden i ica ion o polynomials
литовского языка. – LingVa ia 2(18), 195–217.
K egzs Rolandas (2014): The peculia i ies o he a ibu ion o polonisms and
La inisms in Li huanian language. […] Func ioning o language and li e a u e in Li huania, 407[…]421.
A icles o he 85 h
Sla izmai eiksmažodžiai i sla iškos šaknies hib idai
Kudzinowski Czesław, O ębski Jan 1958: Bible o he Li huanian Chylian. He was a
membe o he Russian O hodox Chu ch. The New Tes amen and 2. Poznań:
Uni e si y o he A s o he Republic o Poland This is Adama Mickiewicza.
nań: Wydawnic wo naukowe uniwe sy e u im. Adama Mickiewicza.
Kudzinowski Czesław 1964: The Bible o he Li huanian Chylian. Wha is he New
Tes amen ? PozKudzinowski Czesław 1977: Index-słownik do […]Daukšos pos ilė[…].
This is he i s ime ha he index has been published in English. Poznań: Uni e si y
o he A s o he Republic o Poland This is Adama Mickiewicza. Lebede -Ju gis
(1977): The Old Li huanian li e a u e Vilnius: The science. LKE […] Encyclopedia o Li huanian Language, edi ed by V. Amb azas. Vilnius: Ins i u e o Science and Encyclopaedic Publishing, 2008.
LKŽe […] Li huanian language dic iona y, elec onic e sion. The edi o ial boa d is
composed o Ge uda Nak inienė (edi o ), Jonas Paulauskas, Ri u ė Pe okienė,
Vy au as Vi kauskas and Jolan a Zaba skai ė. Vilnius: Ins i u e o he Li huanian
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Wa szawa: The S a e P in ing House. Jü gen Puke : The mo phology o he ac ions
o he da abase o new loans. I 's a peace ul con e sa ion. Access ia he In e ne :
h p: aikomojikalbo y a.l /l /2013/12.
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municipali ies o he Czech Republic by popula ion. Palionis Jonas 1967: Li huanian
li e a y language 16 h-17 h cen u y Vilnius: Min is. PP […] The beginning o he lesson.
Access ia he In e ne : h p: www.lki.l /senieji as ai/db.php This is a lis o he
municipali ies o he Czech Republic. SGPK IVI […] Słownik gwa polskich 1[…]6. This Decision is add essed o he Polish Republic. The op. J. A. L. Ka łowicz, K aków: D uka nia Uni e si y o Jagielloński, 1900-1911. He is a membe o he Boa d o Di ec o s o he Uni e si y o K aków.
Siau ukienė Halina 1987: "The books o he nobili y" is a collec ion o songs.
[…] Ques ions on he Li huanian language 26, 145 […] 150.
Si W. Cons an ine, 1621: Dic iona ium ium ling a um (English dic iona y o he
English language) […] The old dic iona y o Cons an ine he G ea , pa . I 's called K.
Pakalka. Vilnius: Ins i u e o Science and Encyclopaedic Publishing, 1997.
Si W. Cons an ine (1632-1677): Dic iona ium ium ling a um (English dic iona y
o he English language) Access ia he In e ne : h p:
www.lki.l /senieji as ai/db.php This is a lis o he municipali ies o he Czech
kalbos žodynas, pa . K. Pakalka. Vilnius: Mokslas, 1979.
Republic. Si W. Cons an ine, 1623: Dic iona ium ium ling a um, which was published in 1633. […] The i s Li huanian Si ydas Kons an inas 1629[…]1642: Punk ay said. […] Poin s 1 and 2, pa ag aphs
This is F. Spech . Gö ingen, in he yea 1929.
ANŽELIKA SMETONIENĖ
86 Ac a Linguis ica Li huanica LXXIV This Regula ion shall en e in o o ce on he wen ie h day ollowing ha o i s publica ion in he O icial Jou nal o he Eu opean Union.
SJP IVIII […] Słownik Polish language 1[…]8. Wa saw, om 1898 o 1923. SP […] Polish
Sla onic o he 17 h cen u y. A ailable on he In e ne : h p: sx ii.pl Sc a ch
P anas 1998: The w i ings o Rink 4. Vilnius: Ins i u e o Science and
Encyclopedia Publishing
Salieman Moze ka (1646), he ounde o he Chu ch o he Holy T ini y. Access ia
he In e ne : h p: www.lki.l /senieji as ai/db.php This is a lis o he
municipali ies o he Czech Republic. Smoczyński Wojciech 2008: Supplemen o he
Slo enian o he Li huanian e ymology, pa one. […] Ac a Linguis ica Li huanica 58,
53[…]151. […] Ac a Linguis ica Li huanica 58, 53[…]151. […] Ac a Linguis ica Li huanica 58, 53[…]151. […] Ac a Linguis ica Li huanica […] […] Ac a Linguis ica Li huanica […] is a book w i en by he Li huanian linguis and w i e . SPol IXXXV Polish Sla onic o he 16 h cen u y 135. W oclaw […] Wa saw […] K akow […]
Gdańsk and Łódź: 1966 o 2011
SS I[…]XI […] Słownik s a opolski 1[…]11. I is loca ed in he dis ic o Słownik.
1953–2002.
W ocław […] Wa saw […] K akow […] Gdańsk […] Łódź, S undžia Boni acas 2009:
Accen ology o he Li huanian language by he Associa ion. Vilnius: Vilnius Uni e si y publishing house.
U sula K. Le Guin: The heo y o wo d o ma ion Vilnius: The science. U asius
U bu is Vincas 1992: Senosios lie u ių kalbos sla izmai. – Bal is ica 27(1), 4–41.
Vins (1993): The di e si y o he ances y o he Old Sla s. This Regula ion shall
en e in o o ce on he wen ie h day ollowing ha o i s publica ion in he
O icial Jou nal o he Eu opean Union. Wydlak S anisław 2012: I alianism in Li huanian h ough he Polish T ansmission. This Decision shall en e in o o ce on he day ollowing ha o i s publica ion in he O icial Jou nal o he Eu opean Union.
Wohlgemu h Jan 2009: A Typology o Ve bal Bo owings. He is he au ho o he book. This Decision shall en e in o o ce on he day ollowing ha o i s publica ion in he O icial Jou nal o he Eu opean Union.
GmbH and Co.
Zinkiewicz, Zygmun (1968), The Ca echism o he Chu ch o England […]
Bal is ica 4, 109 […] 116. This is he i s ime ha he Commission has
ecei ed a eques o a decision on his ma e . Zinkiewicz, Zygmun (1964), who was bo n in Moscow, was a membe o he S. M. Sla ochinsky Choi (1646 - 1945) and he i s compose o he Zinkiewicz Choi . […] Wo d o ms and hei meanings, 135[…]170.
Zinkiewicz-Zigma, 1988: The language o he old w i ings. Vilnius: The science.
Zinkiewicz-Zigma (bo n 1977) is a Russian poe and playw igh . […] Ques ions
on he Li huanian language 37, 196[…]200.
Zinkiewicz and Zygmun in his book, The Rules o he Game. Vilnius: Ins i u e o
Science and Encyclopedia Publishing
Адомавичюте Ирена 1978: Лексические полонизмы в литовских говорах:
ypes o bo owing and hei adap a ion. This Decision shall en e in o o ce on he day ollowing ha o i s publica ion in he O icial Jou nal o he Eu opean Union.
A icles o he 87 h
Sla izmai eiksmažodžiai i sla iškos šaknies hib idai
Адомавичюте Ирена 1982: Механизмы семантической адаптации
заимствований. – Sin aksės i seman ikos klausimai. Tezės, 102–103.
Адомавичюте Ирена 1982 (2): Этапы польско-литовского лексического
he in e ac ion. This Decision shall en e in o o ce on he day ollowing ha o i s publica ion in he O icial Jou nal o he Eu opean Union.
Адомавичюте Ирена 1984: Проблемы изучения польских заимствований в
in Li huanian. […] S udy a he Polish bo de , 7[…]21. ГСБМ IXXXIII His o ical
dic iona y o he Bela usian language 133. Minsk, om 1982 o 2013. ECUM IVI […]
E ymological dic iona y o he Uk ainian language 16. Kyi : Scien i ic hough ,
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Кошкин Игорь 2014: Древнейшие славизмы в латышском языке: некоторые
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language XIXVII in he 129. Moscow: Science, 1975[…]2011. This is he i s ime
І. М. Керницкий. Київ: Наукова думка, 1977–1978.
I' e been o Moscow. SSM I[…]II […] The dic iona y o he old Uk ainian language XIV[…]XV c . 1 and 2, ed. L. L. Gume ska, ESBM I[…]XIII […] E hymological dic iona y o he Bela usian language 1[…]13. Minsk, om 1978 o 2010.
Sla ic Loan Ve bs and Sla ic- oo Hyb ids
Summa y
Sla ic loan e bs ha e been esea ched o a a lesse deg ee han Sla ic loan nouns o
adjec i es, al hough he e is no clea line be ween loan e bs and Li huanian de i a i es
om he bo owed nouns o adjec i es. I becomes e y ele an when a e b in he
ecipien language is gi en a su ix which o mally does no co espond o a su ix o Sla ic
e bs. Usually, such Sla ic wo ds as Ru henian en and Polish en come
ANŽELIKA SMETONIENĖ
Ac a Linguis ica Li huanica LXXIV o he Li huanian language wi h he su ix -a o i (Li .
a enda o i, -a oja, -a ojo DP 298), Ru henian baвити and Polish bawić wi h he su ix -y i (Li .
b y i, -ija, -ijo 36, MP 237, ChNT 36), e c. Howe e , he 16 h-17 h cen u y ex s o he G and
Duchy o Li huania con ain Sla ic- oo loanwo ds wi h he su ixes -i-u- i, -i-ua, -i-a- o, -i-au- i,
-i-au-ja and -i-a- o ha do no ha e analogues in he Sla ic languages o Sla ic su ixes a e no
in eg a ed acco ding o he usual model. Such Sla ic ic oo e bs could ha dly be pa alleled o
he loanwo ds which con o m o Sla ic e bs in espec o bo h he oo and su ixes. When
he e is an unde lying wo d (loan wo d) in he Li huanian language, such noncon o mi ies o
su ixes can usually be explained by he ac ha i is a po ion o bo owed e bs ha ha e
no unde lying wo d in he Li huanian language and go i egula su ixes du ing hei
in eg a ion. The main ques ion is how o ega d such e bs. Mos likely, such e bs can be
de i a ion p ocess wi h a ixes usually accompanied by a ypical ca ego y. Howe e , he e
conside ed hyb ids. S asys Keynes poin ed ou ha a hyb id, i s o all, is a lexicological e m
as […]i is pa ially included in o he sys em o di iding wo ds acco ding o hei o igin (an
in e media e link be ween loanwo ds and indigenous wo ds)[…] and ha he essen ial
p econdi ion o hyb ids is he unde lying wo d (Keynes: 114[…]117), while LKE p o ides a
comp ehensi e de ini ion o a hyb id: […]Hyb ides a e wo ds which, in addi ion o hei own
unin lec ed mo phemes, ha e hose o o he languages as well. Hyb ids usually appea as a
esul o loan- ansla ion o ans o ma ion o loanwo ds o h ough wo d o ma ion using
he al eady bo owed mo phemes. Acco ding o Vincas U bi is, he e is no de i a ion i i is
based only on he oo a he han on he unde lying wo d, which means ha Sla ic- oo e bs
wi h i egula su ixes and no unde lying wo d should be seen as a mani in di e en e sions
o he same wo d, whe e he p e iously bo owed wo d o any o he wo d is ans o med and
he a ix is only a mo phological componen . Hence, i Sla ic loanwo ds wi h a su ix, which
o mally does no co espond o a su ix o Sla ic e bs, a e conside ed emakes o a
es a ion o mo phological adap a ion which p oduces no neologisms and may only esul
loanwo d o emakes (when a loanwo d wi h a egula su ix is no e idenced nea by) du ing a
sepa a e in eg a ion p ocess, based on he b oad de ini ion o hyb ids gi en in he LKV and he
ac ha hey include emakes o loanwo ds, such wo ds a e e e ed o as hyb ids. In his
a icle, e bs wi h no accu a e equi alen s in he Sla ic languages acco ding o he opposi ion
segmen able-non-segmen able a e di ided in o he ollowing wo ypes o hyb ids: adap i e and
de i a i e.
Deli e ed on 19 Janua y 2016
ANŽELIKA SMETONIENĖ
Lie u ių kalbos ins i u as
The Commission shall be empowe ed o
adop delega ed ac s in acco dance wi h A icle 26 o supplemen his Regula ion by laying down de ailed ules o he applica ion o his Regula ion.