23s aipsniai / a icles
ona aLeknaViČienė
Lie u ių kalbos ins i u as
Resea ch di ec ions: his o y o Li huanian w i en language,
his o y o he mino Li huanian language, li e a u e and cul u e.
I 's called Go ied Os e .
App oxima ely in he hands
o B odoVski:
This Regula ion shall en e in o o ce on he wen ie h day ollowing ha o i s publica ion in he O icial Jou nal o he Eu opean Union.
UND RÄTSEL and LEXICON This Regula ion shall en e in o o ce on he wen ie h day ollowing ha o i s publica ion in he O icial Jou nal o he Eu opean Union.
GERMANICO-LITHVANICVM ET This Regula ion shall en e in o o ce on he wen ie h day ollowing ha o i s publica ion in he O icial Jou nal o he Eu opean Union.
LITHVANICO-GERMANICVM1 Go ied
Os e meye 's insc ip ions in he
manusc ip s o Jacob B odowski:
The Li auische Sp ichwö e und Rä sel and Lexicon Ge manico-Li h anic m e Li h anico-Ge manic m
anno a ion is analyzed in his a icle in he collec ion o handw i en p e ixes, ad ice and ips o he
Li auische Sp ichwö e und Rä sel (P omo), in he V uble ski lib a y o he Li huanian Academy o Sciences
(LMaVb: 137 […] s p oblem o au ho ship). Among he manusc ip s o he small na ional uni s eco ded by
he main compile […] empų (da kiemio aps.) p ecen o iaus jokūbo b odo ski […] we e ound addi ions o
go yd os e meje : 16 Ge man and 11 Li huanian ph ases. The pu pose o his a icle is o e alua e he
accesso ies o he Os e meie as a se o mac o- and mic o-s uc u es. A icle 1 was p epa ed unde he
p ojec Pa eldas and iden i y: s udy and dissemina ion o 17 h-cen u y Li huanian sou ces, included in he
p og amme S a e and na ion: he i age and iden i y. The s udy was suppo ed by he Li huanian Science
Council (T ea y No Va 10/2010).
The main wo ds a e: go ydas os e meje is, jokub b odo skis, Majoji Lie u a, small
na ion, pa a lės, p onouns, and hough s. Keywo ds: go ied os e meye , jacob
b odowski, li huania mino , small olklo e, p o e bs, sayings, iddles wha is he meaning
o he name?
24 ac a Linguis ica Li huanica LXVII elemen s, o es ablish ela ions wi h ea lie Li huanian sou ces,
ona aLeknaViČienė
o dis inguish hose addi ions ha a e eco ded in Li huanian w i ing his o y o he i s ime.
The a icle also discusses he Ge manic-Li huanian lexicon and he Ge manic-Li huanian lexicon (b;
LMaVb s: 13715), which analyzes he cha ac e is ics o he Ge manic-Li huanian language.
The a icle add esses he p oblem o au ho ship o he manusc ip collec ion o sayings,
p o e bs and iddles Li auische Sp ichwö e und Rä sel (P ) kep a he W oblewski Lib a y o
he Li huanian Academy o Sciences (LMaVb s: 137 […]1). amids he uni s o small olklo e
eco ded by he p incipal compile […] p ecen o o empen (da kehmen coun y) jacob b odowski
[…] he insc ip ions made by go ied os e meye can also be ound in he manusc ip :
co-Ge manic m (b; LMaVb 137: […] s15) and analyzes he linguis ic peculia i ies o os e meye 's
16 ge man and 11 Li huanian ph ases. he aim o his a icle is o e alua e he insc ip ions
made by os e meye as he elemen s o mac os uc u e and mic os uc u e o he collec ion,
o de e mine hei ela ions wi h ea lie Li huanian sou ces, o dis inguish he insc ip ions,
which we e eco ded in he Li huanian w i ings o he i s ime. he a icle also discusses
os e meye ’s inssc ip ions in b odowski’s dic iona y Lexicon Ge manico-Li h anic m e Li h ani-
insc ip ions.
Vadas Go ydas os e meje is (Go ied os e meye , 1716-1800) is a p ominen
igu e o he second hal o he 15 h cen u y in Li le Li huania. He is known o
li e a y schola s p ima ily as he au ho , compose and his o ian o hymns, o
language his o ians as he au ho o g amma s, and o cul u al his o ians as a
esea che o he P ussian peoples and hei eligions. Al hough bo n in a
non-Li huanian amily in Li le Li huania, he de o ed his esea ch o li e a u e,
language and his o y in he ield o science, which is now called Li huanian s udies in
he b oades sense.
os e meje ių g iminė kildino himsel om Ba a ian
Ge mans, h ough Saxony and Silesia a i ed in
Wes
P ussia
(Slai ai ė
1994: 150
[…]151, 157
[…]158) is a o me So ie epublic, which was pa o he So ie Union. Go ha d was bo n
Bo n in Ma ienbu g (Malbo k, No h Poland, Pami P o ince) in 1716 o a
amily o c a smen. F om 1728 o 1736 he s udied a he To un gymnasium
(Šlai ai ė).
The Commission conside s ha he aid is compa ible wi h he in e nal ma ke
wi hin he meaning o A icle 107 (3) (c) o he T ea y. He ma icula ed a he
Royal Uni e si y on May 9, 1737: […]os e meye godo . This is Ma ienbu g. Bo us.
Wha a e you doing? (E le 1911: 370) 2. The ollowing able is inse ed in Annex I:
s udied heology, abou 1739-1740 a he Li huanian language semina y s udied
Li huanian language (ci a ičiū ė 2004: 8788, 344).
2 bi žiškos (
1963: 101)
nu ody a da a 1739-05-09 klaidinga.
go ydo os e meje io p ie ašai jokūbo b odo skio
ank aščiuose: Li auische Sp ichwö e und Rä sel
i Lexicon Ge manico-Li h anic m e Li h anico-Ge manic m
Twice, he os e meje is s udio had o be shu down due o lack o unds. As his son
Zyg yd (sieg ied os e meye , 1759-1821) w i es, his a he augh p i a e lessons o
he illage p ies , and when he had sa ed money, he e u ned o he kingdom. The las
ime he isi ed Ve daine (abou 3.5 km o he eas o he o me Šiloka čemos, also
known as Šilu ės) he isi ed he p ies Fabijon Kala ą ( abian kalau, 1691-1747), whe e he
also s udied heology, whe e he e en ually lea ned Li huanian. In 1744, he Minis e o
S a e and Wa (Königliche E a s und K iegsminis e ) F ied ich on Gö ne in i ed h ee
candida es o wo k as p ecen o iums in T emp, Aus ia (Die P a -S elle […]u
T empens a ., 1752; be e g. Pk: XX. ha. The p ies Os e meje wo ked in p ison un il his
dea h (1800-3-13). who ma ied he daugh e o he a o emen ioned p ies o Ve daine,
he daugh e o Kala o, he queen (anna egina kalau, 1721-1770). sons Zyg yd and he
child en also became p ies s and eache s o he E angelical Lu he ans, mo e o less
(Šlai ai ė 1994: 152, 159).
1752-aisiais iškėlus empų kunigą ge ha dą Ludwigą Mühlenkamp ą į kusus,
liko lais a ie a. 1752-08-29 konsis o ijos a ėjai p anešė ka aliui, kad pa apija iš
in e es ed in Li huanian ac i i ies. The concep o he na ion o med by he
Enligh enmen epoch and he spi i ual alues i c ea ed in Eu ope spa ked much
discussion. hey also included os e meje y […] ini ially due o he e hnogenesis o
P ussian Li huanians and all whi es in gene al, la e due o he p inciples o ansla ion
o songs. His shops inspi ed new discussions. In all o hem, one o he os e meje es was
he king o he oyal Ge man chu ch and school his o y.
s a biausių os e meje io ins umen ų i a gumen ų bu o lie u ių kalbos ak ai.
Gesellscha zu Königsbe g) na ys, pe iodiniame d augijos leidinyje P eussisches
A chi publika o s aipsnių apie p ūsų i lie u ių eligiją, e nog a iją, mi ologiją,
Os e meje published he main wo ks in Ge man. no all published wo ks ha e su i ed3. Ve y ew
manusc ip s ha e su i ed un il now only h ee au og aphs and one manusc ip we e known. The i s
au og aph […] le e , w i en on 1781-01-06 o Ab aham Jakob Penzel (1749-1819) om he enches o he
c ooked, now in he Ba a ian S a e Lib a y in Munich (ge ulai ien 2002: 18-20); The second a icle is abou
he his o y o he Li huanian Bible His o ische Nach ich on de li auischen Bibel, which is kep in he
V uble skias lib a y o he Li huanian Academy o Sciences. The a icle is no signed, bu ha i is an
au og aph o Os e meie , p o ed on he basis o his le e o Penzeli (ge ulai ienė 2002: 1115) and he
hi d documen , p ese ed 3 mos o he su i o s ansla ed in o Li huanian and published in
Rink iniuose aš uose (1996), excep o a icles in he Li huanian g amma Neue Li auische G amma ik
(1791) and in he P eussisches A chi .
26 ac a
ona aLeknaViČienė
Linguis ica Li huanica LXVII
P ussian cul u al he i age in he sec e s a e a chi e in Be lin (Geheimes
S aa sa chi P eussische Kul u besi z). hese a e he commen s o he
os e meje , Ludwig's ansla ion in o Li huanian o he psalms o Da id (Psalm
2:1-12), and he signed conclusion (see quo a ion ma ks 2002: 21-25). Thus, he
ch onological sequence o he os e meje 's au og aphs known o da e is as ollows:
(1) he go yd os e meje . Le e o Ab aham Jacob Penzel om he camps o
C acow, 1781-01-06; om he Ba a ian S a e Lib a y o Munich: Penzeliana ii (Os e meye , b. [1–6];
publikuo a: Ke u i Go ydo Os e meje io ank aščiai, 2002: 73–77, 143–148.
(2) [go ied os e meye ]. Hiſ o iſch[e] Nach ich [on] d[e ] li auiſche[n] Bibel, [po 1791];
LMaVb s: 15–299; publikuo a: Ke u i Go ydo Os e meje io ank aščiai, 2002:
31–52, 91–123.
(3) M[a inus] Lud[o icus] hesa. This species is endemic o he Uni ed S a es.
Uebe se ung des 2 en P[salms] in he small own, 1797. […] Ac o he King. The
Schulleh e Semina ʒu Königsbe g in P euſſen, 1797–1805; gs a Pk: i. ha ep 76
Obe -Schul-Collegii, on den Polnischund Li hauischen P edige und al Äl e e
obe behö den ü Wissenscha , kuns , ki chenund schulsachen, ii n . 271, bl. 271, is
82, 149–150.
loca ed in he dis ic o he same name. This Regula ion shall en e in o o ce on he
wen ie h day ollowing ha o i s publica ion in he O icial Jou nal o he Eu opean
des Landes P eußen, be ai ne au og a as, o nuo ašas (LMaVb s: 15–70). ai
Union. published by Ke u i Go ied Os e meje in he handw i ing o Os e meje , 2002:
79 […] ano he known handw i en documen by Ke u i Go ied Os e meje […] Zusä ze
zum Bei ag zu Al p eußischen Religionsgeschich e und zu den Gedanken on den al en
Bewohne n papildymai published by his K i ische Bei ag zu Al p eußischen
Religionsgeschich e (1775) and Gedanken on den al en Bewohne n des Landes (1780), 1783
[…] published by Ke u i Go ied Os e meje in he handw i ing o he yea 1518 […] When
s udying he manusc ip collec ion o p o e bs, ad ice, and ideas in he V uble sky
Lib a y o he Li huanian Academy o Sciences, he Li huanian Sp ichwö e und Rä sel
(PDF; LMaVb s: 1371) was kep anonymous o a long ime, i became appa en ha he
smalles na ional uni s we e no eco ded a he same ime and by he same pe son. he
whole ex is dis inguished by a black o a black ink. he his o ical ci cums ances allowed
o make he assump ion ha hey could be os e meje , so he in es iga ion was
o ien ed in he di ec ion o de e mining ano he o his au og aphs. bu he mos impo an ques ion o be answe ed i s was who made he whole se . 1 . o he se LITAUISCHE SPRICHWÖRTER
UND RÄTSEL au ho ship This manusc ip collec ion o small-scale olklo e was kep in he P ussian S a e
A chi e in he kingdom un il he Second Wo ld Wa (P eussisches S aa sa chi in au o ys ės ques ion was
aised in 1956 by Ju gis Lebedys. He ound i unques ionable ha he collec ion was he p ope y o Jacob
go ydo os e meje io p ie ašai jokūbo b odo skio
ank aščiuose: Li auische Sp ichwö e und Rä sel
i Lexicon Ge manico-Li h anic m e Li h anico-Ge manic m
27 pages o a icles
This is Königsbe g. he i le page bea s he old LMaVb le e signa u e […]1 in iole ink.
4
L […] i […] indica es ha he manusc ip was assigned o he Ludwig ėzos (Ludwig
jedemin hesa, 1776-1840) und (see also Šiožinys: 10[…]13). This und was es ablished
a e he Second Wo ld Wa , when many books and manusc ip s collec ed du ing he
cul u al he i age escue expedi ions we e b ough o Li huania om he Kingdom
(ab ama ičius 1944 […]1947: 40 […]41 ; ab ama ičius 1963: 189). he de ec i e se : wi hou
he beginning, end and in e nal agmen s o he pa . he au hen ic, handw i en
i le page has no su i ed, he i le da a we e eco ded la e . On he i s page o
he o me olde in which he manusc ip was once placed, he e a e wo en ies: 1)
i le […]Li auisch[e] sp ichwö e[ ] […] u […] ä hsel.[…] (da k b own ink in he middle o
he page) 2) he en y […]Li h. sp üchwo e (wi h a b own o ed pencil a he op
o he page, he insc ip ion aded, di icul o ead). The e is no collec ion o
con empo a ies, so he e is a lack o seconda y in o ma ion. The manusc ip is
egis e ed as a sou ce o he end o he XV cen u y in he Li huanian bibliog aphy, he
au ho is no men ioned: Li auische sp ichwö e und ä sel. Li huanian p onouns,
p o e bs and sayings. b. ., he end o he i een h cen u y. [1, 40] pages 20,5 × 17,4 cm
eco d: no. 177 Li huanian spoken wo d and cou esy. Due o he lack o heading da a,
(Lb i 516, n . 177). LMaVb ank aščių sky iaus ka o ekiniame ka aloge šal inis
į a dy as kaip „Lie u iškų pa a lių, mįslių i p iežodžių inkinys. au o ius nežino-
mas. Lie . k. XVii a. ii-oji p. 40 lp. 20 × 17,4. ank . es au uo as; i-ame lp.
he pos -Wo ld Wa II collec ion has adi ionally been called he Anonymous Collec ion
o Adjec i es, Ve bs, and Nouns.
B odowski (Jacob B odowski, 1692-1744) and one o he main sou ces o his ocabula y Lexicon
Ge manico-Li h anic m e Li h anico-Ge manic m, bu he s ill doub ed he au ho ship o he collec ion. and
al hough i does no ule ou he possibili y o conside ing he B odo sky se as a suda y4 P o enience,
showing he o me owne o he sou ce, he e is only one: he signa u e nō 177, w i en in da k ed ink in he
uppe igh co ne o he i le page. Since he e is no eco d o he name o he a chi e, he P eussisches
S aa sa chi in Königsbe g (usually abb e ia ed as S aa sa chi Königsbe g), which has been in use since 1867
( o s eu e : 65), and he co esponding s amp, i is assumed ha he signa u e was eco ded when he
a chi e was s ill unnamed, i.e. when he unc ional name o he A chi e was Königliches Gehe zu Königsbe g in
P eussen. His collec ed manusc ip s, including he Jacob B odowski Ge man-Li huanian Lexicon and
Li huanian-Ge manic Lexicon (www.li huanian.de), he anonymous Ge man-Li huanian cla is (www.li huanian.de),
he Li huanian Lexicon, and o he s, we e ans e ed o he so-called a chi e a e his dea h.
On page 5 o he i le page is Sp ichwö e , Rä hsel. F om 1713 o 1744, B odsky wo ked as a p ecen o
in he enches. He was a s uden a he Royal Uni e si y […] ma icula ed 1709-04-24: […]b odowski jac.,
goldap, P uss., iu ., g a is[…] (e le 1911: 264). I is belie ed ha he did no inish i . Tha could be one o
he easons he didn' become a p ies .

28
ona aLeknaViČienė
ac a Linguis ica Li huanica LXVII
oju, be ne adęs pakankamų į odymų, klausimą paliko a i ą (Lebedys 1956: 25–26).
The s udies o he ela ionship be ween Velesni b and P ad ice also did no gi e a
con incing esul . A e conduc ing a handw i ing analysis o he en i e collec ion
( aking in o accoun mainly he me hodology o handw i ing esea ch ou lined in Lo ha
Michel's book Ge ich liche Sch i e gleichung. An in oduc ion o he undamen als,
me hods and p ac ice (Michel 1982: 7885, 237261), i was ound ha P is he au og aph o
Jacob B odowski, excep o a ew appendices made by ano he pe son, and en ies
la e added o he i le page (alekna ičienė 2011: 5054). The main en ies a e compa ed
wi h he B odo sky dic iona y Lexicon Ge manicoLi h anic m e
Li h anico-Ge manic m. he analysis o he collec ion o pape s did no con adic his
conclusion. Al hough ea lie manusc ip esea che s a iously da ed he end o he
i een h cen u y ( he las decade, he second hal ), he end o he i een h cen u y
( he beginning o he se en een h cen u y, he i s qua e ), he analysis o he
wa e colo s allowed he bounda ies o he pe iod o be na owed: P is no he sou ce
o he i s hal o he i een h cen u y, bu o he i een h cen u y. Acco ding o
he wa e ma k, P used he pape s o h ee P ussian pape wo kshops: G uun e ,
Finken and Eke . The pape wi h he wa e ma k con aining he monog am […]c […]7 is
impo an o he da ing o he manusc ip . A yellow wi h a c own, w apped in a
u ban, is depic ed on he banne . Pape wi h a c own o yellow was made by he pape wo kshop o he G een A my. Le e s a he bo om o he wa e ma k
[…]c […] […] Mas e Ch is oph Fund (o P und o), who wo ked in G uen e ia om 1719 o
1724, monog am. A simila wa e ma k wi h he ini ials […]c […] is al eady in a 1716
documen , bu whe e he und wo ked a ha ime is unknown. The manusc ip mus
he e o e ha e been w i en a e 1716 (Alekna ičienė 2011: 45-50). he ime o
p oduc ion o he pape in o he wo kshops does no con adic his da e. he
a achmen o he second pe son wi h black o b own ink has he cha ac e is ics o a
b igh indi idual handw i ing. Os e meie 's handw i ing is compa ed o he wo
manusc ip s o his al eady men ioned manusc ip s and he seal o he le e . The
analysis o bo h he indi idual le e s and hei compound g aphs led o he conclusion
ha hey we e w i en by Go yd os e meje (alekna ičienė 2011: 55[…]64). In 1744 he
p ecen o iaus b odo skio ie ą. iek b odo skiui, iek os e meje iui empai bu-
was assigned o he i s and only pa ish o T empeaux, who died in he same yea .
os e meje was he i s o p o ide knowledge abou B odo sky as a lexicog aphe
and abou his dic iona y. In 1775 he K i ische Bei ag zu Al p eußischen
Religionsgeschich e (C i ical con ibu ion o he Old P ussian Religious His o y) was published by he Li huanian lexicog aphe Pilypo Ruigio.
Philipp uhig, 1675-1749) and b odo skio […] om he names o he Bal ic gods collec ed in he language o
li e, he exis ence o which is no gi en by any P ussian his o ian (os e meye 1775: 923). Ruigiu and
B odo ski os e meje s ood ou as au ho i a i e sou ces, helping o es ablish Vandenklio's monog am
[…]c […] o ma 10.8 × 9 cm, he line has no axis, he dis ance be ween he a e lines bu mos ly da a on
b odo sky and ocabula y o ma ion os e meje p o ided in he book Gedanken on den al en
Bewohne n des Landes P eussen (1780). The mos impo an o hese a e abou he me hodology o
2,3 cm, linijos yškios. jis y a lapuose P 9 (apačia), P 11–14 ( isas), P 16 ( i šus). Vandenženkliai
paskelb i: alekna ičienė 2011: 46–48, 1–3 pa .
go ydo os e meje io p ie ašai jokūbo b odo skio
ank aščiuose: Li auische Sp ichwö e und Rä sel
i Lexicon Ge manico-Li h anic m e Li h anico-Ge manic m
The 29 a icles also co e he ield o ac i i y o he ancien gods, because he
inhabi an s among he Li huanians can be hea d men ioning many gods.
w i ing he dic iona y (B odo sky collec ed ma e ial om he li ing language, w o e abou 30 yea s
ago), he sanda ( wo pa s: he i s o he Ge man wo ds, he second o he Li huanian wo ds, he
las o which was begun o be ansc ibed in o he spelling, bu did no end), 1780 ( he i le indica es
2000) (os e meye :
This Regula ion shall en e in o o ce on he wen ie h day ollowing ha o i s publica ion in he O icial Jou nal o he Eu opean Union.
Os e meye 's me hod o collec ing ma e ial helps o unde s and bo h he many-page b
and especially he ch onology o he eco ds: because o one wo d o sen ence, he
B odo sky could ha e a eled se e al miles, always ca ied a w i ing able and, when
he hea d some hing new, immedia ely w o e i down and pu i back in he dic iona y. The
co espondence wi h Penzel indica es ha os e meje was no pa icula ly ond o
Li huanian songs a he ime (Ke u i Go yd Os e meje 's manusc ip s, 2002: 73, 75, 144).
Howe e , in he book Gedanken on den al en Bewohne n des Landes P eussen Disku s
übe B odo sk, he ends wi h a posi i e e alua ion o he wo d due o he abundance o
ad ice gi en. hey should be selec ed, a anged and p in ed sepa a ely wi h explana o y
no es. The speeches would ha e shown he old Li huanian consciousness and would ha e
ecei ed g ea ecogni ion. Mo eo e , i would be an oppo uni y o eg e ha he
Ge man o de had aken away he eedom o such a na ion (Os e meye 1780:
XXXVIXXXVII). So he publica ion o ad ice and ad e bs w i en in a li ing language seemed o he os e meje o be a kind o mo al compensa ion.
P kaip sa a ankiško šal inio os e meje is nė a paminėjęs. Pa s b odo skis P
eikiausiai laikė žodyno dalimi i ke ino jį p idė i gale, kaip ai pada y a c, kzž
i į ai iuose ki uose d ikalbiuose XVii–XViii amžiaus žodynuose. P i b a pu-
sa io sąsają odo i nuo odos iš ieno šal inio į ki ą. aigi ikė ina, kad šis ank aš-
is bu o laikomas ka u su žodynu.
2. he oys e o Go ha d Meye 's
P ie a, which is nowhe e o be ound in he handw i ing o Vskio
LUISCHE SPRICHWÖRTER UND RÄTSEL In o al, he os e meje P i a w o e 16 Ge man and 11 Li huanian
ph ases (ou o a o al o 53 Li huanian wo ds, o 61 wo d o ms), co ec ed a leas 5 B odo skian wo ds.
Ten o he ele en a e p o e bs and sayings, one is a hough . 8 os e meje w i es ha he collec ion o
ma e ial o he B odo sky dic iona y began ea ly: […]e ieng […]h[…]ei ig an ein W[…] e buch on diese
sp ache […]usammen […]u agen, und b ach e mi diese a bei an die d eyßig jah e […]u. (Os e meye 1780:
XXXVI), i.e. p obably jus a i ed in he enches.
30 ac a
ona aLeknaViČienė
Linguis ica Li huanica LXVII
P dauguma os e meje io p ie ašų su b odo skio į ašais susiję e ikaliaisiais
yšiais i ka u su jais suda o inkinio mak os uk ū ą. ai sa a ankiški inkinio
a icles ( he e m collec ion a icle is used analogously o he lexicog aphic e m
dic iona y a icle). how much less accesso ies ela ed o ho izon al connec ions and
belonging o he ield o mic os uc u es. These a achmen s a e o h ee ypes: (1)
illing in he B odo ski a icles […] a ached Ge man missing o addi ional
co espondence; 2) co ec ion o B odo ski's a icles […] p o ision o a be e
Li huanian o Ge man e sion; 3) co ec ion o indi idual B odo sky wo ds.
2.1 The a icles in he collec ion o be w i en a e mac o-s uc u e elemen s o
he collec ion: indi idual a icles con aining bo h componen s […] Li huanian and
Ge man (see Figu e 1). The e a e en o hem (nine p eposi ions and one sen ence):
P O1 ii5–11
9
diewe důk wienam gim , alle ne wienam di b . go {la}ße jeden
allein geboh en we den; abe keinem allein a bei en d. i. ohne a -
bei e (kinde und geſinde) beſ eh keine Wi hſcha .
P O1 II36 diews ne źu a od sag man, wen im ehes ande die kinde häu ig koen,
und doch wenig b od is
O2 ii35 P diews neweikus, alle a menùs go es ache e euch o , bleib abe
nich auße[n]. This is he i s ime in he his o y o he wo ld ha a god has been wo shipped.
P O7 II46 I'm going wi h Lapais, I'm going o lea e you. You' e he loudes one. P
O10 i24 wha 's p e ie a e a smile, no when you' e ali e! The c ab's ail,
we e cooked.
P 18 ii1[…]6 The school does no ha e a deb o be able o be a good mo he , bu
a deb o be able o be a good mo he . P O20 ii13 swea s a e no long, hey
see. I 's a pleasu e o mee you. I 's a pleasu e o mee you.
P O24 i9[…]12 dissol ed h ough my coun ymen […] wen o he od is übe mein g ab gegangen
No o be con used wi h schaude .
P O24 ii10–12 ingin agiſi, be ojo (ſzojo) pa s di bk ein aule knech iſ doch
No, no a all.
P O32 i2021 […]uwis oksz a be Wandens. This is he i s ime I' e seen his. The e's no hing w ong wi h
li ing. 9 os e meje a achmen s a e ma ked in he me ic be o e he page by adding he aised le e O,
e.g. P O2 ii35, and he aisy […] in he co ne b acke s wi h he abb e ia ion O, e.g. […]képėje[…]O[…]. owel
le e s, e.g. {la}ße, a e spelled ou in owel s okes, and wo ds ha ha e no su i ed due o lea damage
and ha e been es o ed acco ding o o he sou ces a e w i en in double owel s okes. Ge man wo ds
endings a e econs uc ed in b acke s when hey a e w i en abb e ia ed, e.g., auße[n].
go ydo os e meje io p ie ašai jokūbo b odo skio
ank aščiuose: Li auische Sp ichwö e und Rä sel
i Lexicon Ge manico-Li h anic m e Li h anico-Ge manic m
31s aipsniai / a icles
1 o V. P O18 ii16: he a icle in he collec ion a ibu ed o he os e meje : he
Li huanian p o e b and wo Ge man equi alen s, linked by he wo d beße O1 ii511,
aš uonių iš dešim ies lie u iškų smulkiosios au osakos iene ų b nė a: P
O1 II36, O7 II46, O10 i24, O18 ii16, O20 ii13, O24 i912, O24
This Regula ion shall en e in o o ce on he wen ie h day ollowing ha o i s
publica ion in he O icial Jou nal. Mos o hem we e also absen om he
38 ac a Linguis ica Li huanica LXVII ma is a he lemos Gö , whe e he lis o old
ona aLeknaViČienė
gods is compiled gö en de al en
P eußen b 597 598, please The
ollowing is a lis o he membe s o
13
he Iawinnê ( ), die g in des
ge eydes, die ko nmu e , on Iawai ge eyde.
59826 go in o he ge eÿdes o Iawinne.
B odo sky dic iona y in he pa o Li huanian-Ge manic languages (h p:
www.s.s.l.b ) because in he Li huanian dic iona y a chi e, s o ed in Li huanian
ob 141415 Bibciû Bóbelis ( ), de ga engo P iapus b 5984 P iapus. I'm going o he
lib a y. In 1869, Iauciû Bobis, also known as Baubis (g), was he god o he Viehhi en on Jau is ein ochs und Baubju ich b lle. The old man.
b 5985 M P esiden , I would like o hank you e y much. Baubis hi en go . I'm going o ake a showe .
191 ob3 Mussû Bi bik (i) de liegengo , baalsebub 2 knige 1,2 on Mussē eine
liege und bi bju ich summe, wie eine biene. This is he i s ime in he his o y o he wo ld ha a bi d has lown.
59815 Beelzebub Mussu Bi biks ob 2010[…]11 Iagaubis (n), he
god o he i es; o he Vulcan. 5942 Vulcanus Iagaubis, also
known as Ugnis […]wén a. I 's a i e pi .
ob 2012–13 D ebkullys (o), de go des e dbebens, on d ebé i, beben und kul i
ſchlagen.
b 59816 e dbeben go . D ebkullÿs.
In a le e o Penzel on Janua y 1, 1781, Os e meje w o e ha he B odo sky
dic iona y was now held by he p ecen o ius G onwald. The os e meje had p e iously
asked him i he could sell he shop o a leas allow i o be ew i en. Bu G onwald
ejec ed bo h eques s. ha hey had al eady co esponded abou he possibili ies o
p in ing, is also indica ed by he ac ha G onwald had o e ed Os e meje o
unde ake an audi . Ma os e meje had w i en o him ha he dic iona y should be
checked be o e p in ing. He e used o do so himsel because he was oo old o such a
de ailed wo k (Ke u i Go yd Os e meje 's manusc ip s, 2002: 74-77, 147-148).
The dic iona y o Wilhelmsbe g's p ecen o ius G onwald was ce ainly in use as ea ly as 1780. This ac is
summa ized in he book Gedanken on den al en Bewohne n des Landes P eussen (1780). In eply o an
unnamed e iewe 's complain ha he bookle K i ische Bei ag zu Al p eußischen
Religionsgeschich e (1775) was based on an unpublished B odsky dic iona y, Os e meie asse ed ha he
had en us ed him wi h he ancien P ussian gods in ch onological o de and had accu a ely w i en
down e e y hing he had w i en in his own hand. only B odo sky's dic iona y is men ioned as a sou ce in
he no es , , i.

go ydo os e meje io p ie ašai jokūbo b odo skio
ank aščiuose: Li auische Sp ichwö e und Rä sel
i Lexicon Ge manico-Li h anic m e Li h anico-Ge manic m
39 a icles by do skis. I you ha e any doub s abou his, ake a look a his
dic iona y, which is cu en ly held by Wilhelmsbe g's p ecen o ius g onwald
(Os e meye 1780: XXXV). Nei he in he le e no in he book does Os e meje
men ion G onwald's name. He is e e ed o in a chi al documen s as Go ied
g unwaldas14. He was o dained a bishop o Wilhelmsbe g in 1722 and se ed un il June
17, 1781, when he was o dained and o dained a p ies o he Ca pa hian Chu ch
(Klaipėda pa ish). Less han a yea la e , G unwald mo ed om he qua ies o
K aupiškis (Ragaine dis ic ), whe e he wo ked un il 1811 (Moelle 1968: 62, 77). The e's
no eco d o his li e a y in e es s. his le e s in he sc olls a e mainly abou
ag icul u al a ai s, and he w i ing does no p o ide a basis o he hypo hesis
ha P would ha e made he accesso ies by hand. I is s ill unclea how he b came
o be known o he Li huanians as he li le-known Wilhelmsbe g (un il 1725 […]
klikučiai, da kiemio aps.) 15 and why he p ecen o ius o his chu ch hough i would
be igh o decide unde wha condi ions o gi e o no o gi e he B odo skian
handw i ing. Why exac ly was he looking o someone o p epa e he p ess? I is no
ye known whe e he manusc ip was be o e i was placed in he oyal pe sonal
lib a y.
The app oxima e ime o he oys e a me 's addi i es can now only be de e mined by compa ing hem
wi h his own shops and looking o signs o P and B in hem. In 1775, in he book K i ische Bei ag zu
Al p eußischen Religionsgeschich e, when w i ing abou he ancien P ussian gods, Os e meje is used
he wo d b odo skio, and he wo d a he ime o he G onwald was indica ed in 1780 in he book Gedanken
on den al en Landes Bewohne n des P eussen (Os e meye 1775: XXXV), hence he e minus ad quem […].
The e m "p ecision" can be used o e e o he da e Augus 8, 1775. The C i ical Con ibu ion o he Old
P ussian Religious His o y in he Os e meje is s o e indica es he place and da e o w i ing […] yea and
sain . On he day o he eas o S . Dominic: " empen in de P edige wohnung am age dominici 1775"
(Os e meye 1775: iV ). A lo o p onouns and ad e bs (abou 25) a e og, mos ly syn ac ically assigned o b,
bu ne e heless unimpo an . The e is a pa icula di e ence in he Ge man co espondence, e.g. in he
le e o he king da ed 14 Janua y 1772 om he dean o he Facul y o Theology o he Royal Uni e si y,
ečiojoje dalyje „d i e haup heil. syn aXis“. aš uonios iš jų a imos P i
Daniel Hein ich A nold, Theodo e Ch is ian Lilien hal and Go hil o Ch is ian Recca do, i is s a ed ha
hey we e sen o Wilhelmsbe g as a s uden o Go ied G unwald, i he e was a acan p ecen o ial
place (Wilhelmsbe g P aecen o a 851803; gs a Pk: XX 175 ha his . egis e ed on 1764-05-07 as […]g ünwald
god . I'm no going o lie o you. The Commission he e o e concludes ha he aid is compa ible wi h he
in e nal ma ke wi hin he meaning o A icle 107 (3) (c) o he T ea y. 15 A e 1709-1711 many F ench and
Swiss colonis s om Nassau, P alz, he F ankish Duchy se led in he Ma o dis ic . The chu ch was buil
in he illage o Klyuchy, in he Ga a Pa ish, which was emp ied o i s people by he plague, in 1724 and
comple ed in 1725. The newly o med pa ish belonged o he Inspec o a e o he In e io , he chu ch was
a simul aneous […] place o wo ship o E angelical Lu he ans and Re o med, b 120p s . P unck[en] eich,
nüch e [n] a m. This is he i s ime I' e seen his. I you d ink and you don' d ink, you don' ha e o pee.
di bo du kunigai (Moelle 1968: 150; ogge 1873: 83–87).
40
ona aLeknaViČienė
ac a Linguis ica Li huanica LXVII
og 14128–29 gi s ßeßeis, o pagi oms wos wienu ein unkene h mi sechſen,
abe wenn e ausgeſchla en, kaum mi einem.
6 i9[…]11 […]gi […]s i e; I 's Vienna, and i 's no Vienna. I 's called he
T uncken Reich. in he a m.
I 's i e o'clock, i 's i e o'clock, and i 's no i e o'clock. b 9535[…]7 P o uncke[n] eich, nüch e [n] a m
gi s and waů s, which a e no peßc[…]es. I 's i e o'clock, i 's six o'clock, and he ligh s a e on. 100923 […]25
P o uncken eich, nüch e [n] a m. […] This is he i s ime I' e seen his. I 's no Peßces, i 's no
Pagi oms, i 's no Gi s and i 's no Wa s. Well, he d ank i e, he was d unk, and he didn' d ink Vienna. And
in he yea 1507, when he was abou o die, he was s uck by ligh ning, and he was s uck by ligh ning, and
he was s uck by ligh ning, and he was s uck by ligh ning, and he was s uck by ligh ning. 23 i12[…]13 […]P
is no a lo o doubles. The e will be no mo e guckuck.
b 611 i s . The e will be no mo e guckuck. Tha 's a lo o doubles o us.
b 79919 and inge . I 's no going o do much good. The guckuck won' be hea d
anymo e.
and 1412829 cou se wogs, ha 's no p alobs kein dieb wi d eich P 31 i12
Wokdams no p alopsi. I 's no like I'm going o be able o do i . 451 i s .
ges ohl[en] gu ahsel no Wógdams is no going o change. 572 i s .
ges ohlen gu ahlsel by he way. I'm no going o lie o you. You' e no going o
die. b 612 h loo . I don' hink ha 's he case. You' e no going o ge away wi h
his. And i I we e bo n, I would no be bo n, bu i I we e bo n, I would no be
bo n, bu i I we e bo n, I would no be bo n.
P O1 ii5–11 diewe důk wienam gim , alle ne wienam di b . go {la}ße jeden
allein geboh en we den; abe keinem allein a bei en d. i. ohne a -
bei e (kinde und geſinde) beſ eh keine Wi hſcha .
gb 875–6 diewe důk, wienam gim ’, ne wienam bû ’: ohne gesind iſ ein
ſchlech es Leben.
I'd like o d aw you a en ion o he las example. The e is no b in his ad ice, and P
is a ibu ed o os e meje io, bu i s og is ano he a ian and wi h only one Ge man
co espondence. He close gb 875[…]6: […]diewe důk, wienam gim […], ne wienam bû […]:
ohne gesind is ein schlech es Leben. […] Thus, he di e ences be ween P and og
a ian s a e qui e p onounced and his sugges s ha he os e meje , when w i ing
he g amma , did no ake ei he P o b. In gene al, bo h os e meje 's examples a e
e y simila , neu al, no as i id as quo a ions om he Bible o o he eligious
w i ings. I should be no ed ha he os e meje P had jus a i ed a he pa ish,
i.e. be o e eaching b and, p esumably, oge he wi h him and P , a Wilhelmsbe g
nea he p ecen o y o G unwald. by binding he os e meje deposi by o ming bo h
go ydo os e meje io p ie ašai jokūbo b odo skio
ank aščiuose: Li auische Sp ichwö e und Rä sel
i Lexicon Ge manico-Li h anic m e Li h anico-Ge manic m
41 a icles by e mje is b p obably didn' ge i . I p obably ell in o he hands o his
g ea es opponen , he can o Ch is ian Go lieb Milkau (Ch is ian Go lieb Mielcke,
1733-1807). he wo d Li auischdeu sches und Deu schli auisches Wö e buch (1800) in
he p e e m Milkus (1800: 3 4 ) indica es he oo b, he dic iona y p o ides abou 300
o i s p e ixes and su ixes. The nea ly housand-page dic iona y was undoub edly
compiled o e many yea s. In sea ch o unds o he p ess, a subsc ip ion was
published in 1797 in he jou nal P eussisches A chi (Lebedys 1956: 516). And he sp ings
mus ha e been he e o a long ime.
a P mac o-s uc u e and being conside ed a co-au ho . The main compose o he
mik os uk ū ą, pasaky ina, kad jo papildymų palygin i nedaug, odėl jis negali
collec ion […] jokub b o ie a is a amp, bo h o hem w i en in B odo sky. Al hough
do skis, o os e meje is – ik pildy ojas. ačiau ak as, kad os e meje is paliko
žymių i b, i P , paliudija (no s i ne iesiogiai), kad abiejų ank aščių sukū imo
he au ho ship has no been ques ioned, i has no ye been de e mined whe he i is
indeed B odo sky's au og aph and no someone else's handw i ing. The eason is
simple: no documen wi h a B odo sky signa u e has been ound so a .
5 . I 's called Go ied Os e .
The P ie a KaLba Geldapė, whe e B odo skis was bo n, as well as he camp, whe e he
se ed as a p ecen o o 30 yea s, belonged o he a ea o he Lowe Li huanian
sou he n wes e n high- ise apa men s, called he Bal se mėgi. os e meje , bo n
o a Ge man amily in Ma ienbu g (Wes P ussia)
In Li huania, he s udied a he Royal Uni e si y, bu lea ned, as his son
Zyg yd w o e, in Ve da om he p ies Kala ą (i.e. he a ea o he
wes e n lands o he pa a mė), all he u he li e ( om 1744 o 1800) o he
p aleido aip pa empuose a p
sou he n wes e n uni e si ies.
he os e meje 's handw i ing con ains ela i ely ew Li huanian ad ice and ideas and
his allows only agmen a y conclusions o be made. analysis o i s spelling, phone ics
and mo phology con ains 53 Li huanian wo ds (61 wo d o m) om P and 3 wo ds om
b: ale (3) ʻbe ʼ conj. P O1 ii6 P O2 ii3 o be d i en by (1) . o be d i en. 2 o his
P O20 ii1 o be (2) o he
i2 a owhead (1) sm. The
aš (1) p on. pe s.: gen. sg. mano P O24 i9
a menus, -i (1) adj.: nom. sg. m. a menùs
P O2 ii3
be (2) p aep. (su gen.): be P O24 ii10
The O32 i20 2 is
Regula ion. P acks O7 II4
ollowing: 3 is he P O10
acc. he ollowing able is added: a od P O1 II3 P O20 ii1 This Regula ion shall en e in o o ce on he wen ie h day ollowing ha o i s publica ion in he O icial Jou nal o he Eu opean Union.
daug (1) ad .: da{ug} P O20 ii1
Die as (3) sm.: nom. sg. diews P O1 II3
P O2 ii3 * oc. sg. diewe P O1 ii5
di b i (2) .: in . di b P O1 ii6 * impe .
a P . wo k P O24 ii11
42 ac a Linguis ica Li huanica LXVII
ona aLeknaViČienė
gi en by (1) .: empe o 2 o his
Regula ion. I 's called P O1 ii5
ollowing able is added: m. sausas
I4 ali e, -a (1) adj. The name. he
school (1) s . The name. he ollowing
P O10 i3 sme is (1) sm This is he
źeſnis P O10 i2
smell, he -i (1) adj. This is comp.
g a-P O10 i23 o he (1) p aep. (wi h
I 's called p aes. 3 sucke s o en e
since I' e seen you. No longe han
ollowing able is added: Swećas Įs a
The Ju ba ks (1) sm. o a kind used in
able is added: Iu ba sza house P O7
is a demons a ion. m. who (1)
emph. The body o M P O24 ii10 The
no su e wha you' e alking abou .
sm. The ollowing able is inse ed in
Regula ion shall en e in o o ce on
publica ion. This Regula ion shall en e
ollowing ha o i s publica ion in he
3 le P O17 I45 ik (1) ʻ ik, ik ai
This is he i s ime I' e seen his. 3
ne (1) pa .: ne P O18 ii1
nekai (1) ʻnekaip, negu’ conj.: ne kai
P O10 i3
The acc. he ollowing able is added: o
P O7 II5 Cance o he li e (1) The
Wėźys P O10 i3 himsel , himsel (1)
P O24 ii11 m. wienam P O1 ii5 no wienam by (1) p aep. (wi h acc.): by P O24 i9
ollowing able is added: The Commission shall be empowe ed o adop delega ed
de ailed ules o he applica ion o his Regula ion. o a kind used in mo o
also (1) .: p aes. 3 no o be con used wi h P O1 II3 agy i (1) .: u . 2 o his
acco dance wi h A icle 26 o supplemen his Regula ion by laying down de ailed
added: The spelling o he Os e meie is sligh ly di e en om ha o he
sauce, -a (1) adj. The name. he
bo n (1) .: in . bo n P O1 ii5 P O17
ollowing able is added: m. gyws
able is added: The school P O18 ii1
i s ime I' e seen i . I 's a lo ely
su (1) p aep. (su ins .): ſu P O7 II4
name. he ollowing able is added: m.
acc.): […] P O1 II3 wis ed (1) . e .
(1) .: p ae . I 's been a long ime
P O20 ii1 gues (1) sm The name. he
(1) s . o a kind used in mo o ehicles The name. he ollowing able is added: […]s a b O75626 P O20 ii1 al eady (1) ad . The Commission shall be empowe ed o adop delega ed ac s in acco dance wi h A icle 26 o supplemen his Regula ion by laying down de ailed ules o he applica ion o his Regula ion. he demin. The acc. he ollowing able is added:
mo o ehicles The name. he ollowing
II5 which b O78630 his, his (1) p on. This
p onounced. he in e . as P O10 i2
acc. he ollowing able is added: I'm
This is a demons a ion. m. he page (1)
Annex I o his Regula ion: This
he day ollowing ha o i s
in o o ce on he wen ie h day
O icial Jou nal o he Eu opean Union.
pa .: ik P O7 II4 lūž i (1) .: p aes.
Lus a P O17 I4 opinion o he (1) sm.
anduo (1) sm.: gen. sg. Wandens
P O32 i20
eikus, -i (1) adj.: nom. sg. m. neweikus
see (1) .: p aes. 3 see P O20 ii2 P O24 ii10 wood (1) sm The name. he ollowing able is added: Wood o he genus P O17 I4 soluble in wa e (1) The name. he ollowing able is added: moma (1) 'mo he , mo he ' s . The name. he ollowing able is added: The solu ion is P O24 i9 Můma P O18 ii1 okš i (1) .: p aes. 3 oksz a P O32 i20 le by (1) .: p aes. 2 o his Regula ion. P lea es O2 ii3
name. he ollowing able is added:
p on. de . name. he ollowing able is added: m. alone, -a (3) p onounced de ., inde . The da e. he ollowing able is added:
P O1 ii6 po (1) p aep. (wi h gen.): a e P O10 i2 g een, -ia (1) adj. The name. he
ac s in acco dance wi h A icle 26 o supplemen his Regula ion by laying down
ehicles The name. he ollowing able is added: O17 I4 P P ego a b O98523 see
Regula ion. The Commission shall be empowe ed o adop delega ed ac s in
ules o he applica ion o his Regula ion. The name. he ollowing able is
B odo sky. he used he B odo sky unusual g aphemes and dig aphs: […] and […]
o he sound [ž]; o <sz>, <sz> and <sź>
[sh] […] and […] o he sound […], plg. :
[…], […] is p e ie han P O10 i2; Wėźys is p O10 i3; źalas is p O17 I4; no źu
P O1 II3; […]uwis P O32 i20 This Regula ion shall en e in o o ce on he wen ie h day ollowing ha o i s publica ion in he O icial Jou nal.
This Regula ion shall en e in o o ce
< s> is equal o
on he day ollowing ha o i s publica ion in he O icial Jou nal o he Eu opean Union.
P O17 I4
[…], […] [č] swećias P O20 ii1; szakućius P O7 II5; sme czo P O10 i23 espec i ely in
go ydo os e meje io p ie ašai jokūbo b odo skio
ank aščiuose: Li auische Sp ichwö e und Rä sel
i Lexicon Ge manico-Li h anic m e Li h anico-Ge manic m
43s ai s a icles b odo sky bo h P and b in such cases as […], […] and […], […] o he
sound [ž]; <ß> and <s> o sound [sh]; The i s wo le e s o he alphabe a e "C,"
"C," "C," "C," "C," "C," "C," "C," "C," "C," "C," "C," "C," "C," "C," "C," "C," "C," "C,"
"C," "C," "C," "C," "C," "C," "C," "C," "C," "C," "C," "C," "C," "C," "C," "C," "C," "C,"
"C," "C," "C," "C," "C," "C," "C," "C," "C," "C," "C," "C," "C," "C," "C," "D," "C," "C,"
"C," "C," "C," "C," "C," "C," "D"C," "C," "C," "C," "C," "D" and "C." ; […]ag e P 39 i4;
"C," "C," "C," "C," "C," "D," "C," "C," "C," "C," "C," "D," "C," "C," "C," "C," "D"C," "C,"
[…]uomo b 4813 […], […]s[…] [sh] i ß as P 24 ii3; We ßis P 13 i5; […]akalis b 832p š . […]
This is he i s ime I' e seen his. ; The ollowing is a summa y o he indings o he
Cou o Audi o s: (i) he Cou o Audi o s' inancial s a emen s o he inancial
yea 2000 a e as ollows: (i) The Cou o Audi o s' inancial s a emen s o he
he inancial yea 2000 a e as ollows: (i) The Cou o Audi o s' inancial s a emen s
inancial yea 2000 a e as ollows: (i) The Cou o Audi o s' inancial s a emen s o
o he inancial yea 2000 a e as ollows: The B odo sky P p onoun is ma ked by
h ee long [i]s: mos commonly <ÿ>, mo e o en <y> and <i> (e.g. A klÿs P 7 i12;
dÿgs a P 23 i14; A klys P 40 i5; Bi byne P 15 i3; Gadine P 4 i4). The os e meje
ma ked he his o ical nasal sounds: acc. he ollowing able is added: In he o ms he
w o e g aphemes wi h a c oss-sec ion: A od[…] P O1 II3; Kun[…] P O24 i9; Tingin[…]
P O24 ii10, as well as he p e ix […] P O1 II3, he p e ix […]-o a d in he place […]s a b
O75626, and possibly he e b p ae . 3 […] wen o P O24 i9 (no clea ly isible).
Al hough he e a e only i e ob ious examples, he nasal sounds a e e lec ed
e e ywhe e whe e hey we e supposed o be. ha he os e meje sough o ma k
he o me nosinum consis en ly, and indica es wice ha i was co ec ed by he
b odo ski acc. he ollowing able is added: I is possible o add a c oss-sec ion: Ké
pūn→Képėj P 5 ii3; W{é} pėje→W{é} pėj P 5 ii4. And hese a e he B odo sky wo ds
o su names. he ollowing able is added: P is one and a hal imes less han
wi hou hem. So B odo sky ma ked he o me nosinum qui e inconsis en ly, please.
he ollowing able is added: The ollowing species a e included in he lis o
endange ed species unde CITES Regula ion: os e meje is o he wo ds did no cu
(excep one: adj. nom. sg. m. a menùs P O2 ii3), did no dis inguish be ween he
diac i ical signs o he p o agonis , he ins iga o and he placeholde . Meanwhile,
he B odo sky wo e h ee c oss ma ks: he acu e, he g a i y, and he ci cum lex.
Ci cum lexion was also ma ked on he su names o emale ela i es, gen. sg. (30×) and
emale and male su names. o ms (21×). he g a eya d and he do abo e he le e
b odo sky ma ked bo h he emale and he male genus wi h he ins uc ion o he
wo ds. end (app op ia ely 4×ūn and 2×), poin occasional and iness.
he ollowing able is added: o ms (2×).
bo h B odo sky and Os e meje wo ds due o he con usion o he Li huanian
dialec o he Li le Wes , especially he no he n ones, which a e w i en as […]o[…]
o […]u[…], a ely […]u[…] The wo d "b oado sky" is...

44
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ac a Linguis ica Li huanica LXVII
se mišimas nė a dažnas, plg. nom. sg. Pon’s P 1 i15, Lobis P 21 i5, be Kamolÿs
The 10 i3, 13 ii3, 38 i3 and he Kamůlÿs P 33 i9; he p aes. 1 o his chap e . P 38
i2 and P 26 ii1; acc. he ollowing able is added: See also P 5 i9, ins . sg. I'm going
o say P 24 i3, bu iness. he ollowing able is added: P 14 i1 in he Pod In his book
C i ical Con ibu ion o he His o y o Old Ge manic Religions (1757), Os e meje
explained ha […] should be ead as […] (ob […]), and in he g amma o w i ing […] he
sign is desc ibed as hal a double owel, which can be hea d in you ea s, while […] is
p onounced long: […], das die al en uo sch ieben, is nu ein halbe Diph hongus, das u
wi d nu e was anges o aus, das o abe langgesp ochen[…] (17 and 4).
In he a achmen s, he os e meje is is w i en impe . 2 o his Regula ion. See
also P O1 ii5, bu acc. he ollowing able is added: A od P O1 II3; also w i es as
nom. he ollowing able is added: School P O18 ii1, please. I'd like a P O32 i20, bu no.
he ollowing able is added: I'm going o P O18 ii1. Howe e , nei he he ob no he
1797 manusc ip documen […] in he commen s o he ansla ion o he hymes […]
shows any signs o such a mix u e: […] is ollowed by […], […] by […]. Some con usion o
examples is no iced in he g amma o os e meje , plg. Sloju, ßlosu, ßlo i, dainoju,
dainosu and 74, bu no many o hem. i may be ha he simila i y be ween [o·] and
[uo] was caused by [uo] consonance. he os e meje a achmen s do no con ain []
and [ie] con usion as in he b odo sky en ies, whe e hey a e eplaced by <e>, <ė>,
<ie>, e.g. nom. he ollowing able is added: Kiele 'kiela' P 8 i8, bu he gen. sg. Kélês
P 5 i12; acc. I is also known as Kélês P 5 i12 he ollowing able is added: "Sena" P
3 ii8, bu iness. he ollowing able is added: The Senoje P 10 i6; he name. he
ollowing able is added: The peace P 4 i14, bu impe . 2 o his Regula ion. no
me ůk P 1 i6, name. he ollowing able is added: Melapau is P 13 ii1, ins uc ion
om he pl. Mælemis P 3 ii5 and pan. in g amma he owel [ie] os e meje is
a ibu es o he alse owels (Diph hongi imp op ia og 5), o which only he second
oice is ac ually hea d. The e a e examples o mixing in g amma , plg. The pen
'pienas', he neck 'niez iʼ og 13, he pen 'pie u ys' og 17, he slow 'lieju' og 73, he
gieda 'gėdaʼ og 123. In he wo ds o he os e meje , he e is no men ion o he
sg. . i m. andamas 128×, [a] < [*ā] – 8×. ačiau neki čiuo ose eiksmažodžių
unci cumcised limbs [o·] < # o he gen o he a dažodzy. (plu al: Sme czo P O10
i23; gen. sg. m. emph. szojo P O24 ii10; ojo P O24 ii10), no is he e any men ion o
he ac ha he wo d "sme czo" is de i ed om he wo d "sme czo". and p ae . 3 in he o m o (plg: p aes. 3 ma P O20 ii2; p ae . 3 {} wen o P O24 i9). B odo sky also main ains he long owel in he unci cula ed ends o he owels: long [o] < [*ā] gen. The educ ion in he ends is much mo e equen , especially in he p aes. In he i s case, he long owel (o) is 12x, and he sho owel (a) is 32x. I 's been a long ime. The mos common o m o he le e is [a], wi h 19 and 12 occu ences, espec i ely.
os e meje is abb e ia es some o he endings: 1) h ows ou -a a dažodžių
nom. he ollowing able is added: m. in he o m o a name. he ollowing able is
added: Fo he pu poses o his Regula ion, he ollowing de ini ions shall apply:
name. he ollowing able is added: m. gyws P O10 i3 ( om he ail - is excluded
only whe e he h eshold is lowe ed: nom. sg. m. Sausas P O17 I4; nom. sg.
Swećias P O20 ii1; nom. sg. m. źalas P O17 I4); 2) he numbe o he join and
se e al. In h ee o ms: in . di b P O1 ii6; bo n P O1 ii5; p aes. 3 no a ailable P O1 II3; please. 3 Sucks […] P O19 I4, bu keeps -a: le P O17 I4[…]5, loose P O17 I4, oksz a P O32 i20, is P O10 i2, P O20 ii1.
go ydo os e meje io p ie ašai jokūbo b odo skio
ank aščiuose: Li auische Sp ichwö e und Rä sel
i Lexicon Ge manico-Li h anic m e Li h anico-Ge manic m
45s aipsniai / a icles
Mo ologinis žodžio galo umpinimas būdingesnis b odo skiui: -a- a dažodžių
name. he ollowing able is added: m. o ms a e no main ained 169×, main ained 93×,
and sho [a], [i] p aes. In he 3 d o m, 84× is no main ained, 117× is main ained. In
he Li huanian wo ds a ibu ed o he os e meje , he e is none o he ea u es
ha allow his idiolec o be assigned o he sou he n wes e n highlands o Li le
Li huania (bal se mėgi), […] he e a e no wo ds wi h he sha p-edged double owels
[á·u], [dyná·i], [é·i], which hese wes e n highlands (ape, na kyčius, žel ą, skaisgi ius,
žiau us, labiličius, zinkaiza, kusus) ha e o he no h: Pil ong (Zinke ičius: 1989: 44;
2006: 44). In he pa ish o Pe eigine, be ween he sou he n and no he n highlands o
he Li le Li huania, he island o An anas was conside ed a la ge pa ish, in which
he wo ds we e mixed: já·ns and já·uns, dá·k s and dá·ik s, bu he long owels we e
educed: màna, mã· a, iẽs a, me·gas, and he umpasis [a] is h own ou : já·uns,
lá·ŋks and pan. The e a e no o ms wi h monoph hongized bilingual P in gene al.
To a ibu e he Os e meie language o he sou he n wes e n high schools o Li le
Li huania only acco ding o he cha ac e is ic adi ionally conside ed o be he main
dis inguishing ea u e o hese ad ice […] unci cumcised gallan ocalism (i was belie ed ha
he no he n wes e n high schools educed he long owels and h ew ou he sho ones,
while he sou he n high schools main ained he heal hy old ocalism in bo h cases; Zinke ičius
2006: 186 […] 18). Analysis o P shows ha bo h Os e meje and, in pa icula , B odo sky ha e a
numbe o cha ac e is ics ha a e a ibu ed o he no he n wes e n highlande s
(s iaks) in con empo a y linguis ic li e a u e. The ques ion a ises as o whe he he
educ ion o long owels and he emission o sho owels in unci cumcised limbs can be
ski iamaisiais šių pa a mių b uožais. XViii amžiaus p adžioje ilgojo okalizmo
eduka imas i umpojo išme imas bu o būdingas abiem pa a mėms, ik šiau inė-
je dalyje šie požymiai kiek in ensy esni. Į kai ku iuos abiem pa a mėms būdingus
ak us, andamus iename i ame pačiame šal inyje, p iski iamame pie iniams
aka ų aukš aičiams, jau bu o a k eip as dėmesys anksčiau i ian Pe kūno ak a-
ega ded as he Wohlgeg ünde es Bedenken übe die ins Li auische übe se z en zehn Fabeln
Aesopi und de selben passionie e Zusch i (1706) language. summa izing he ocalism o he
wo ds gi en by him om he poin o iew o he language, i is also no ed ha in addi ion o
he cha ac e is ics o he high-pi ched sou he n Li huanian highe seconda y school, he e
a e also hose ha a e classi ied as no he n wes e n highe seconda y school
(alekna ičienė, schille 2008: 140[…]145). The Li huanian language was no he na i e language o
he Os e meie , so he educ ion o he long ends and he mo phological sho ening o he end
o he wo d a e no as p onounced as he B odo sky. 16 on he P ussian Li huanian Li huanian
language mo e widely see bezzenbe ge 1885: 253 […] 293; salys 1992: 76 […] 109; Zinke ičius 2002 [1989]: 444 […] 448; Zinke ičius 2006: 180 […] 198.
46 ac a
ona aLeknaViČienė
Linguis ica Li huanica LXVII
iŠVados
1. ank aš iniame p iežodžių, pa a lių i mįslių inkinyje Li auische Sp ichwö e
Rä sel (P ; LMaVb s: 137[…]1), composed o he empus (da kiemio aps.) o he
p edecesso o Jacob B odowski (jacob b odowski, 1692-1744) is a go ied
os e meje (go ied os e meye , 1716-1800; om 1744 […] empus p ecen o ius,
om 1752 […] kunigas) o he appendices: 16 Ge man and 11 Li huanian ph ases (o a
o al o 53 Li huanian wo ds, o 61 wo ds in he o m o ques ions), a leas 5
B odowski wo ds. in he manusc ip o he B odo ski dic iona y Lexicon
Ge manico-Li h anic m e Li h anico-Ge manic m (b; LMaVb s: 13715)
os e meje is has w i en 3 Li huanian wo ds. 2. he e minus ad quem o
os e meie 's accesso ies may be 1775-yea -old, so accesso ies a e conside ed
ea lie os e meie au og aphs han oday's ones, da ing om 1781-1797.
3. dauguma os e meje io p ie ašų su b odo skio į ašais inkinyje Li auische
Sp ichwö e und Rä sel a e ela ed by e ical connec ions and o m a se o mac o-s uc u es.
ū ą. aš uonių lie u iškų smulkiosios au osakos iene ų b nė a, aigi jų už ašy oju
laiky inas ne b odo skis, be os e meje is (P O1 ii5–11, O1 II3–6, O7 II4–6, O10
This Regula ion shall en e in o o ce on he wen ie h day ollowing ha o i s
publica ion in he O icial Jou nal o he Eu opean Union. o which se en Li huanian
[…] six sayings and one hough […] w i en o he i s ime (P O1 II3[…]6, O7
II4[…]6, O10 i2[…]4, O18 II1[…]6, O20 ii1[…]3, O24 i9[…]12, O24 ii10[…]12). hey a e no
ound in ea lie Li huanian w i en wo ks, so hey a e mos likely w i en om a
li ing language. 4. os e meje io adjec i es in he lexicon Ge manico-Li h anic m
and Li h anicoGe manic m […] Small Li huanian place names. wi h he B odo sky
insc ip ion hese connec o s a e connec ed only by ho izon al connec ions and
belong o he ield o mic os uc u es. 5. in he collec ion Li auische Sp ichwö e
und Rä sel and in he wo ds Lexicon Ge manico-Li h anic m e
Li h anico-Ge manic m i is s a ed (bo h in No wegian and indi ec ly) ha he place
o c ea ion o bo h manusc ip s is in he emp and ha hey can be conside ed
au og aphs o B odo ski.
6. Os e meie is cha ac e ized by a ela i ely heal hy non-c oss alk owel. I 's
ilgųjų galūnių edukcija i mo ologinis žodžio galo umpinimas ne oks yškus
like a B odo sky.
Vladas ŠaL iniai i Li e a ū a ab ama ičius 1944-1947: The wo king day o he
Rank aščių Depa men o he Lib a y o he Academy o Sciences o he Li huanian
SSR in Vilnius in 1945 and 1946; LMaVb s: 271291, w i en by hand.
ab ama ičius Vladas, sud., 1963: Rank aščių inkiniai. This is he i s ime I ha e ead his book. A
b ie o e iew o he XI-XX cen u y manusc ip unds o he Cen al Lib a y o he Li huanian
i žu nalų leidykla.
go ydo os e meje io p ie ašai jokūbo b odo skio
ank aščiuose: Li auische Sp ichwö e und Rä sel
i Lexicon Ge manico-Li h anic m e Li h anico-Ge manic m
47s aps a icles alekna i o en ė ona 2011: Li huanian Speech and Rä sel alekna i o en ė on a,
ch is iane schille , pa ., 2008: The ea ise o Jokubo Pe kūno Wohlgeg ünde es bedenken
a ibucija. – A chi um Li huanicum 13, 39–72.
übe die ins Li auische übe se z en zehn abeln passion aesopi und de selbenie eusch Z i .
This is he i s o i s kind in Li huania. C i ically commen ed edi ion and s udy. Vilnius:
Ins i u e o Li huanian Language and Li e a u e.
Academy o Sciences o he USSR. Vilnius: Newspape s b […] LEXİCON GERMANİCO=LİTHVANİCVM
Da innen ſo wohl die Vocabula Biblica Ve e is e No i Teſ amen i, als auch Vocabula Domeſ ica
ET LİTHVANİCO=GERMANİCVM i em […]be […]weÿ Tausend P o e bia und […]be ein Hunde
Aenigma a Li h anica und iele Ph ases an[…]u e en und also wo nich gan […] […]llig doch
[…]iemlich comple is . Welches alles GOTT allein […]u Eh en und denen Liebhabe n de Li hauischen
Sp ache […]um Bes en mi g oße M[…]he und Fleiß […]usammen ge agen […] is he name o he
Li huanian language, which is spoken in he Li huanian language. Iacobo o B odowsky, P ince o
T empensi, [be o e 1744]; LMaVb s: 137[…]15; documen a y edi ion by b odo skis jokūbas 2009:
Lexicon Ge mani co=Li h anic m e Li h anico=Ge manic m. I is also a ailable in English. A handw i en dic iona y o he 18 h cen u y. Documen a y edi ion wi h acsimile, ansc ip ion and wo d index 13, p epa ed by Vincen D o inas.
Vilnius: Li huanian Language Ins i u e.
"Ballad o he Ozzie" (1941) […] Dic iona y o he Li huanian language 1. aB, edi ed by
juozas balčikonis. Vilnius: [Ins i u e o Li huanian Language], iii[…]Viii. Bezzenbe ge
adalbe 1885: Zu li auischen Dialek o schung ii. […] Bei äge zu Kunde de
indoge manischen Sp achen 9, 253[…]293. […] This is he i s ime in he his o y o he
wo ld ha a Li huanian dialec has been s udied. Václa Ha el was bo n in 1963 in
Alexand ia. Biog aphies o Li huanian w i e s be o e 1865 and biog aphies o Li huanian
w i e s be o e 1865 The 18 h and 19 h cen u ies. Chicago: he cul u al ounda ion o he LB.
c
– CLAVIS GERMANICO-LITHVANA, [po 1680]; LMaVb s: 137 13–14; aksimi-
linis leidimas: Cla is Ge manico-Li h ana . Rank aš inis XVII amžiaus okiečių–lie u ių kalbų
žodynas 1–2, pa engė Vincen as d o inas. Vilnius: Mokslo i enciklopedijų leidykla,
1995–1997; 3–4. Vilnius: Ins i u e o he Publishing o Science and Encyclopedias, 1997. ci a ion o
he poem Liucia 2002: go yd os e meje io aisy a Liud iko ėzos ansla ed he psalm in o
Li huanian. Fou manusc ip s by Go ied Os e meje , p epa ed by Vilija Ge ulai ienė.
Vilnius: he oun ain, 2125.
In 2004 she pa icipa ed in he Li huanian Language Semina a he Uni e si y o Ka elia.
His o y and signi icance o Li huanian cul u e. Vilnius: Ins i u e o Li huanian
Li e a u e and E hnog aphy. The P a -S elle is in he T empen be e . 1752; Gs a Pk: XX. This Regula ion shall en e in o o ce on he wen ie h day ollowing ha o i s publica ion in he O icial Jou nal. Wha 's he ma e ? Loca ed in Königsbe g, eM
44d, no. 233, and 18 […]21 . Wha is i ?
E le geo g 1911: Die Ma ikel de Uni e si ä Königsbe g i. P . 2. He was also a
membe o he boa d o di ec o s o he Königsbe g Uni e si y. [1657–1829]. Leipzig: Published by Duncke & Humblo .