Ac a
Linguis ica
Li huanica
LVI
(2007),
41
-
63
IIpyc.
aukis
‘g i ?
EV
708:
CJIBIMMMMBbIM
WIM
BUMMbIN
oOpa3
NITHUbI?
yAnATOoNMA
Henoxynupi
The
au ho
ollows
Nesselmann
in
assuming
ha
OP .
aukis
‘g i ’
(EV
708),
a he
han
e e ing
o
he
abulous
c ea u e,
deno es
an
exis ing
bi d,
he
bea ded
ul u e
(Gypaé us
ba ba us).
He
ejec s
he
eading
ankis
p oposed
by
some
schola s
and
connec s
aukis
wi h
he
Li h.
e b
auk o i
‘ ock,
sway’,
assuming
ha
he
wo d
is
no
onoma opoeic
bu
e e s
o
he
isual
image
o
he
soa ing
bi d
o
p ey.
...OH
Nnapum
6
eosy6om
oKedHe,
COMKHY6ULU
KJU0G...
(A.
Bpodckuil.
“Ocennni
kpux
ac pe6a”)
0.
Tlum ynjemy
9TH
C poKH
yxe
He
pa3
IpHxoAHI0cb
yOexqaTbCA
B
CUpaBej-
JIMBOCTH
TesHca,
YTO
JO uKa
NpesMeTa
HaXOJMT
CBOe
OTPaxKeHHe
B
HCTO-
PHM
e o
pa3sBHTHA,
a
AMHaMHKa
CcioxeTa
—
B
KOMMO3HMM
MpoMsBeqeHHa.
Tlpeqia aemoe
pa3bicKaH e
Take
He
ABJIACTCA
MCKIIOYeHHeM
M3
9TOTO
mpaBusia.
B
Onp6nu ckom
csloBape
Mpyccko o
sAsbiKa
(qasiee
CoKpalljeHHo
—
OC,
a
NIpM
WHMTHpoBaHHM
HamsaTHuKa
—
EV)
B oppiM
0
YceHHOCTH
HocsIe
Han-
Sombie
TemaTH4eckoli
pynmb
“Yesopek”
(Mensch
EV
67-168)
apase ca
pasgen
“II uya”
(Vogel
EV
706-773).
Bmec e
c
Tem
JasleKo
He
JIMIMIeHO
cBOe o
3HaYeHHA
H
TO,
YTO He
MeHee
MOTHBHPOBaHHO!
H
TakoKe
BTOpO!i,
HO
yxke
110
MecTy
pacnos0xKeHHA
B
pejesax
Co6OcTBeEHHO
OPHHTOHHMM4eCKOli
¥acTH 3aMaqHOOaITHiicKo o
YHUKYMa
OKa3bIBaeTCA
H
Ta
CTaTbA,
B
KOTOPO!i
Heo.
g i
mepepeyeHo
mpyc.
aukis
(EV
708).
Ha
nocneqHei
meKceme
MbI
1
cocpejoTOUMM
cBoe
BHHMaHHe.
Ham e
u3y4¥eH e
yNOMAHYTO O
TIpyccKo o
Ha3BaHMA
NTHUbI
MMeeT
CBOel
1esIbIO
NOMCK
OTBETOB
Ha
TPH
BOMpoca:
1.
4 6
o paxae
uccnesyeMbili
OPHUTOHHM
—
MH
JIM
peas bHOCTb?
41
Ana onui
Henokynnni
2.
Kakoli
apaae ca
BHelmHAA
cbopMa O6cyxJaemMo o
NTHYbe o
HAMMeHO-
BaHMA
B
OC,
MHBIMM
COBaMH
—
KaK
MMeHHO
CyleqyeT
YHTaTb
B
TeKCTe
9TOTO
MaMATHHKa
3a laHOOasITHicKoe
COOTBETCTBHe
HeM
g i ?
3.
Kakol
mpegc apaae ca
BHYTpeHHAA
PopMa
MpyccKo o
OPHHTOHUMa,
T. €.
B
Y€M
MOXKHO
BUT
e o
STMMOJIOFHYeCKHe
CBABH
C
JIEKCHKOM
Mpyc-
CKO O
MH
Apy ux
OasITHHCKUX
ASbIKOB?
Cka3aHHbIM
onpeyesse ca
OOMIMi
Ma
Kak
aHamM3a
CcbopMy.IMpoBaH-
HOM
B
3a ylaBHM
TeMbI,
TaK
H
MOpAKa
M3/102%KeHMA
HEKOTOPBIX
HTOTOB
ee
pa3pa6oTKu.
IIpu
9TOM
oco6oe
BHUMaHHe
yAesAeTCA,
BO-MepBBIX,
TOMY
MepHosy, Tak
ckKasaTb,
“epBOHaYaIbHO O
HaKOMJIeHHA
Kal Tasa”,
Ko a
NpOoHcxoAMsIO
JIMIb
TepBoe
3HAKOMCTBO
TOsI0 oB
¢
ObOMHICKHM
JIeKCHKOHOM,
a
BO-
BTOPbIX,
KOPPeKTHOCTH
MCNOMb30BAHHA
NOMYYeHHBIX
TOFa
Pe3syJIbTaTOB
B
coppeMeHHOi
GasiTHcTHKe.
3 ecb
Mpexje
BCe o
MMeeM
B
By
Tpy/bI
Mep-
Bo o
my6sMKaTopa
M
Mepso o
MccneqoBa ema
OC
TI.
I.
©.
Heccenbmana,
c
KOTOpO o
M
HadHMHaeTCA
MCTOpHA
BOMpOCa
06
HHTepecyioljeM
Hac
IpyccKOoM
OpHHMTOHMMe.
1.0.
CBoum
KoMMeHTapuem
K
cTaTbe
EV
708
B
Tezaypyce
npycckozo
A3bi-
ka
1873
.
HeccenbMaH
(akTu4eckH
3as10xKU
Npo pamMMy
JasbHelue o
M3YYCHHA
COOTBETCTBYIOMe O
3anaqHOOaNTHIcKO O
OPHHTOHUMAa
Ha
BeCb
XX-biii
u
Hayasio
XXI- o
Beka.
MU
neppoe
npoTuBopewe,
Ha
KoTOpoe
yKa3zas
YeHbIii,
3aKOFaIOCb
B
BbIGOpe
OAHOFO
M3
ABYX
BAPHaHTOB
OTBeTAa
Ha
BO-
Mpoc:
uT6
c o i
3a
O603HaYaeMBIM
HEMeEL|KOLi
M
MpyCCKOil
JIekKcemaMu
—
MH-
pu4yeckoe
%KHMBOTHOE
HI
Ke
peasibHad
NTHIa?
1.1.
O ka3p Basch
axe
OT
TEOPeTHYeCKOM
BO3MOXHOCTH
OTOXKECTBUTb
o6cy2%xqaemyl0
HeMelKy10
(pOpMy
C
H3BeCTHBIM
C
AHTHUHBIX
BpeMeH
HauMe-
HOBaHHeM
MHHYeCKO O
CyMecTBa
C
TEJIOM
JIbBa
H
TOsIOBO!
HM
KPbUIbAMH
opsia
(“es
is
abe
schwe lich
an
den
abelha en
ypoy
zu
denken”),
as op
TepMuna
“GOasITHHCcKHe
A3bIKH”
yKa3asI
Ha
TO,
TO
HEMel|KOe
COOTBETCTBHe
mipyccKomMy
OpHUTOHUMy
OG6o3HayaeT
TakxKe
KOpUyHa
— ATHATHHKa,
VIM
6opogaua
(“das
deu sche
G ei
bezeichne
auch
den
Geie ,
Geie adle ”).
1.2.0.
B
nompay
To o,
u o
HeccesbMaH
Je iCTBHTesIbHO
ObUI
IpaB
B
CBOE!
TpakToBke
coOcTBeHHO
OpHMTOO MYecKo O
coyepxKaHHA
c aTbu
EV
708,
cBUeTebCTByeT
PA
ap yMeHToOB,
HO
Npexye
BCe o
—TOT
BeCbMa
IIMpo-
Kui
KyJIbTypHO-HCTOpH4ecKHi
KOHTEKCT,
B
KOTOPOM
BBICTYMaloT
Tak
HIM
42
Tpye.
aukis
‘g i
EV
708
MHa e
CBAZAHHbIe
Apy
C
APY OM
HasBaHHA
PeasIbHBIX
NTMI
MH
MAHyecKo o
“me uca”.
1.2.1.
Tax,
no
cnoBam
ap opa
Mcc eqoBaHHA
06
OpHUTOHUMMN
saTHH-
CKO O
ASBIKa,
“CKa3OUHOe
2KMBOTHOE,
HaMOJIOBMHY
Opell,
HamlosIOBMHy
Jie,
npoucxogsmee
u3
Tepcwu,
He
AOUKHO
GpLI0
Gp
@u ypupoBaTe
3yecb
[T.
e.
B
Tpy e
Ha
O6o3HayeHHy
Temy.
—
A.
H.],
ecnu
6s
[muni
[C apmmi
B
EcmecmeexHo
ucmopuu.
—
A.
H.]
X,
136
He
mpwuncsu
e o
kK
nTHYaM”
(And é
1967:
89).
Bmec e
¢
Tem,
Ko jja
np
nepesoge
Bu6suM
c
ApeBHeespelicKo o
A3bIKa
Ha
peyeckui
BO3HHKJIa
HEOOXOAMMOCTS
BOCIpOM3BeCTH
MepeyeHb
NTHL,
koToppie
B
IaTukHwxun
Monceesom
Kak
“Hey cTBIxX”
BOcTIpemasocb
yno-
TpeOATb
B
NMUIy,
TO
“YepHbIli
CNMCOK”
BOs aBMI
Open
(ceTd<¢)
KaK
CoOT-
BeTCTBHe
Ap.-eBp.
nese ,
To a
KaK
Ha BTOPOM
MecTe
OKa3aJIcA
yxKe
“Hanosi0-
BHHY
Opes”:
Ha3sBaH e
MHUyecKO oO
cyuecTBa
(ypU)
6bLIO
HCTOsb30BaHO
B
HOBOM
POJIH
9KBUBaJIeCHTa
OPHUTOHMMa
Pe es,
IpeCTaBsIeEHHO O
B
Opu H-
Hayle
Be xo o
3ape a.
Cp.
Ha¥asia
peyecko o
M
JaTHHCKo o
MepeyHel
“He-
4MCTHIX”
NepHaTbIX,
KaK
HX,
OCHOBbIBAACh
Ha BaxKHEMMMX
WaMATHHKAX,
BbI-
CTPOWJ
M3BeCTHHIM
aH IMTcKHi
cemu ono
I.
P.
[pai pep
(coo se c BeHHoO
Tpe ps
u
Ia aa
kHu M
Monceessi):
1.
nese
ae og
aquila
2.
pe es
ypop
g yps
(D i e
1955:
7).
Oguako,
npuBogs
06a
paya
OPHUTOHMMMYeCKHX
COOTBETCTBHI
HCXOJHOI
CeMHTCKOli
(OpMe
B
peyeCKOM
H
JaTHHCKOM
A3bIKaX,
H€JIb3A
He
OTOBOPHTb
TO O,
4TO
Ap.-eBp.
nese
—
9TO
“ckOpee
4eM
Opes,
BHE
COMHEHHMA,
MepBO-
HayambHo
pu
( he
ul u e),
no
Bceli
BepoaTHocTu
—
pud
(HM
cum)
6eno onosli
( he
g i on- ul u e)”
(ibid.,
8),
4 o
noATBepxAaeTcA
CoBpe-
MeHHEIM
apaé.
nis
‘ pud’
( ul u e),
yno pe6.1AempIM
—
B
3aBHCHMOCTH
OT
KOHTeKCTAa
—
TakxKe
H
B
3HaYeHHH
‘ope ’
(eagle)
(ibid.,
9).
Tlockombky
u
No 2
8
nTH4ubHx
cnucKax
O6eNx
YNOMAHYTBIX
KHUT
—
Jp.-
eBp.
pe es
“BUJIMMO,
TakxKe
ABNIAeTCA
pudom
(a
ul u e)”
(ibid.),
cneqoBa-
TEJIbHO,
MOX%KHO
CYMTATb,
YTO
B
XPHCTHaHCKMX
( peyecKOM
M
saTHHCKOM)
Tlepepogax
BeTXO3aBeETHBIX
Ha3BaHH
“HeYMCTHIX”
MepHaTbIX
MpOTHMBOTIO-
cTapyleH e
open
— pud
(<
‘nonyopen’),
Ha
Halll
B3 siAy,
BbICTyIaeT
B
60-
Jlee
KOHTpacTHOM
BHJle,
4eM
B
e o
HCXOHOM
ApeBHeeBpelicKoM
BapHaHTe.
43
Ana oanai
Henokynuni
Cp.
cooTBeTc By1ole
CTHXH
B
HbIHe
(PYHKIMOHMpy!OuleM
pyCCKOM
TeKcTe
TLATHKHYDKMA:
Jleeum
(XI,
13)
—
H3
nmuy
oe
enywa imece
cux:
opsa,
epua,
MOPCKOZO
OpJ a...
Bmoposaxouue
(XIV,
12)
—
Ho
cux
He
do191cHO
Gam
ecmb
U3
HUX:
ops a,
epuda
u
MopcKozo
opsa...
Kak
BHM,
B
NpHBeyeHHBIX
OTPHIBKaX
Opes
MpeguIec ByeT
pudy.
H,
Hao
TloJla aTb,
YTO
TaKXKEe
HM
B
STOM
CJIeyeT
HCKaTb
oObaACHeHHe
To o,
m10-
yemy
TpayTMaH
He
Mo
IIpHHATb,
KaK
KaKeTCA,
HEOKUJAHHOM
JIA
He o
“poxuposku
bu yp”,
KoTOpy10
OH
OGHapyKTI
B
OJIBOMHTCKOM
CJIoBape:
708
‘ pud’:
g i
aukis
709
‘open’:
a e
a elie
[*a elis].
1.2.2.
Bosppaliasich
K
OCHOBHOMy
MIpeyMeTy
Halle o
BHUMaHHA
—
JO-
XPHCTHAHCKOIi
HW
XPHCTHaHCKO-aHTHYHOM
OPHHTOHUMMYeCKOM
enOUKe
Ap.-
eBp.
pe es
—
Tp.
ypUlp
—
aT.
g yps,
TOJIBKO
B
CpaBHeEHHH
C
KOTOpOii
H
cHezyeT
paccmaTpuBaTb
ee
CpeAHeBeEKOBOE
MpOAOsDKeHHe
B
BHe
Hem.
g i
—
mpyc.
aukis
(EV
708)
oo6uje
1
opHuToOsO Myecky 0
OWeHKy
NocueyHe o,
aHHy10
HeccesbMaHom
(1873
.)
B
YacTHOCTH,
MepeliqeM
K
CeMaHTH4eCcKOli
Xapak-
TepHCTHKe
MCxOAHO O
CeMUTCKO O
NTHYbe O
Ha3BaHHA,
PaHee
JIMUb
OTYa-
CTH
3aTpouHyToi
Hamu
(1.2.1).
Tlo
cnopaM
aBTopa
Bbillle
y2xkKe
WMTHpOBaHHOM
c aTpu
“ITuybI
B
Be xoM
3aBeTe”,
B
KOHTeKcTe
Kak
CaMo o
ApeBHeeBpelicko o,
Tak
HM
Apy ux
ceMuT-
CKMX
ABBIKOB
—
HM
MepTBBIX
(akKa{CKHi),
HM
oKMBbIX
(apaGcKHIi),
OPHHTOHHM
pe es
OGo3Hauae
‘smashe ’,
T. e.
‘HeYTO
CHO cMIMOaTesbHOe;
COKpyIMTesb-
HbIM
yap’,
YTO
NOSBOJAeT
OTOXTECTBHTb
3TO
Ha3BaHHe,
B
YaCTHOCTH,
CO
ckonoii
win
OyKs.
‘6opoga bim
pudom’
(“... ha
i
may
be
iden i ied
wi h
he
‘bone-b eake ’,
i.e.
ossi age
o
bea ded
ul u e...”)
(ibid.,
9).
Tipu
sToM
He
JMmHUM
OyJeT
OTMETHTD,
YTO,
NPUBOAA
NoceqHHi
nTHIMI
TepMHH
(cyOc aHTuBHOe
COBOCOYeTaHHe),
UcceqOBaTeNb
AOMOMHUTeTb-
HO
CCbLIaeTCA
Ha
TO,
YTO
H
MHOli,
yxKe
apaOcKHii
OPHHTOHHM
Co
3HayeHHeM
‘bone-b eake ’
—
s o
Gypaé us
ba ba us
(ibid.), T.
e.
Buy
KopulyHa
—
TTHBI
ceMelicTBa
AcCTpeOHHbIX
C
pa3MaxOM
KpbiIbeB
WO
2,7
M
HM
Maccoll
Jo
7
K ,
pacnpoc paHeHHoli
B
opax
1OxHo
Espons ,
Asuu,
A@puKku.
1.2.1
—
2.
Takum
o6pasom,
8
UcTopH4eckH
NocseqOBaTe/IbHOM
pAyy
op-
44
Mpyc.
aukis
‘g i ’
EV
708
HHTOHHMOB,
a
HMeHHO:
Ap.-epp.
pé es
—
p.
yp ip
—
aT.
g yps
—
Hem.
g i —
pyc.
aukis
-
Ha
o60Mx
e o
KOHIax
—KaK
Ha4aJIbHOM,
TaK
HM
KOHe4HOM,
He3aBUCUMO
{py
OT
Apy a
H
Ha
MaTepnasie
pa3z/IMYHEIX
ASbIKOB
OOHapy2KH-
BaeT
CeO
OHO
HM
TO
2%Ke
OPHHTOO HYeCKoe
3HayeHHe
—
Gypaé us
ba ba us.
A
B
9TOM
@ak e
CilesyeT
BUAeT
AOKasaTeNbCTBO
GeccnopHoli
MpaBoTEI
Hec-
CeJIbMaHa
B
e o
TpaKTOBKe
HMeHHO
“nTH4be o”
coyepxKaHHa
708-011
cTaTbH
OmpOuH cKo o
coBaps
~
g i
aukis.
Ke aTH
cka3aTb,
yMeCTHO
HaNOMHHTb,
YTO
B
CyeqyioujeM
(Tocme
npu-
Be [eHHO O
Bbllle,
cM.
1.2.1)
c uxe
u3
Jleeuma u
Bmoposakonua
TepBbIM
Ha3BaH
HMeHHO
KopulyH.
Cp.
COoTBeETCTBEHHO:
(XI,
14) -
Kopwyna
u
coxo. a
c
nopodow
eco...
(XIV,
13)
—
H
kopuyna,
u
coxos a,
u
Kpeuema
c
nopodow
ux...
1.3.
B
o m une
o
HeccesbManHa,
pemmpuie o
camum
xe
cobo10
cchop-
MYJIMPpOBaHHY10
CEMaHTHYeCKYyIO
asIbTepHaTHBY
B
MOJIb3y
peasIbHO
cyue-
cTBy oljel
n uyp
(Nesselmann
1873:
6),
BeTynMBUIMiT
Cc
HMM
B
HOsIeMuKy
TpayTMaH
TBepyo
saaBu:
“aukis
Mask.
V.
708
‘g i ’
[‘de
abelha e
Vogel
G ei ..."]
”
(T au mann
1910:
306).
Takaa
yBepeHHoc Ts
He
B
TocneqHIOIO
o epeyb,
BHAUMO,
Oba
OGycOBsIeHa
Take
H
TeM,
4TO
B
HeMeLKOii
JIeKCH-
KONOPMM NpUHATO
JaTHpoBaTb
NoABseHHe
CaMo o
Ha3sBaHuA
Vogel
G ei
(B
o mmune
o
Fabel ie
G ei )
mam
c
XVI
c .
(G imm
1935:
10),
a
3To
o en
AasleKO
BBIXOAUT
3a
paMKH
BpeMeHM
co3aHHA
SC
c
e o
cobcTBeHHOH
dop-
moi
g i .
Ben ley
3a
aBTOpoM
NepBo o
H34aHHA
CBOAa
MpyCCKHX
MaMATHHKOB
3TO
*e
onpegenenne
“de
abelha e
Vogel
G ei ”
nos opun
A.
SHz3ennH
(Endzelins
1943:
146),
qamee
-
B.
H.
Tonopos
(1975:
148):
“aukis
‘ pud’
(ckasouHas
nTHYa)”
4,
Hakonen,
B.
MaxkiosMc,
KoTOpbIi ,
BKpaTHe
U310KHB
HCTOpHW
BoNpoca,
TakxKe
NpHcoeAMHWICA
K
TosuyHH
TpayTMana
(Maiziulis
1988:
111-112).
Oguako
no3BonuM
ce6e
He
NOsaBaTbCA
Ma un
UMeH
M
Geso oBopouHO
He
nloiijemM
10
c onam
Kpy Heiimmx
aBp opu e os
GaTucTHKU
XX
Beka
—
kak
P.
TpayTMaHa,
C
O{HOM
CTOpOHEI,
Tak M
pa3qenMBLIMX
e o
NOsHyMIO
(B
oyeHKe
o6cyxqaemo o
opHHToHHMMa)
A.
Suq3enuHa,
B.
H.
Tonoposa
wu
B.
Maxiomuca
—
¢
Apy oii,
u
cnpocum
ce6s:
a
46,
coOcTBeHHO
oBopa,
Npuyasio
yBepeHHOCTH
NepBoMy
M3
Ha3BaHHbIX
McceAoBaTeseli
B
MpaBoTe
cBoeli
TOUKM
3PeHHA,
ECJIM
OH
CYC
BO3MOXKHBIM
axe
CAeaTb
MoseMMye-
45

Ana omia
Henokynnna
cKuii
BbITay
MpoTHB
aBTopa
Tezaypyca
npyccKozo
A3 iKa
—
“wie
Nesselmann,
Thes[au us
linguae
p ussicae]
6
will”
(T au mann,
ibid.),
T. e.
‘kak
[Bonpe-
ku
yOexqeHHOCTH
aBTopa
IMTMpyeMo o
BbIcKasbIBaHMaA.
—
A.H.]
xoueT
Hec-
cesmbMaH’?
B
cBoeM
Bo3paxeHuM
MocieqHeMy,
yTBepxK
aA,
YTO
cKa304HAA
NTHYA
pu@
yxKe
43-3a
CBOeTO
MOOKeHMA
Tepeg
OpsoM
(Mo_YepKHYTO
Hamu.
—
A.H.)
—
370
He
‘kopulyH’””
(“schon
wegen
seine
S ellung
o
dem
Adle
nich
‘Geie ”),
Tpay maH,
O4eBH
HO,
MOJYaNMBO
MCXOAM
H3
TpayMyMOHHo o
npeyc apeHua
06
ope
“Kak
OO6ujenpH3HaHHOM
[ape
NTH
MH
BJabIKe
He-
6ec”
(cp.
T'ypa
1997:
610).
Oquako
coxpaHuis
1M
TaKoli
“yap”
cBol
cTa yc
(HM
—
COOTBeETCTBEHHO
—
M
Mo3HiM10)
4
B
OC?
B
ToM-To
H
WeN0,
YTO
yKe
HET.
1.4.
Peec p
n uy
B
OC
OTKpEIBaeT
OTHIOZb
He
Opes,
a
BBIMTpaBliad
y
He o
copeBHOBaHHe
3a
MOHapuIMi
THTyI
(cKas04HBI
c oxwKeT
AT
[A.
AapHe
—
C.
Tomncona]
221
A
-
“K o
ne ae
Bbime
Bcex?”)
HaMMeHDbIIad
110
CBOHM
pa3-
MepaM
MITH4Ka
KoposieK
(WIM
KpanMBHHK),
KOTOpas
H
OKa3asIacb
BO
1aBe
“qapce Ba
MepHaTbix”,
dpa meuT
“nepen icu
HaceeHuA”
KOTOpo o
HM
Mpey-
cTaBJIeH
B
ApeBHeliiiem
JeKcuKoHe
OasITHIicKMXx
A3BIKOB
—
p es o s
EV
707
(Henoxynusi
1998:
113-114).
Bnepsble
npesqloKeHHaA
HaMH
B
AOKIayqe
Ha
B opom
npyccKom
KoJI-
s1oKBiyMe
(Mo usisue
86134
Kpakosa,
3-6
oxTadpa
1996 .)
sTHMOnO HA
Tipyccko o
MTH4be o
Ha3BaHUA,
JO
Tex
NOp
He
MMeBUe o
cBOel
“poyoc-
NOBHOM”,
BCTpeTHJIa
He
TObKO
ycTHy10
(B
“oKMBOM”
OTKJIMKe),
HO
3aTeM
U1
MIMCbMeHHy?10
NoyyepxXKy
yuacTHHKoB
MexyyHapoyHo o
cbopyma
(S undzia
1996:
279;
Schmals ieg
1997:
255;
Blazek
1998:
15).
BaxkHoe
yxxe
i
camo
m0
ce6e,
“qeKoqupoBaHnne”
mpyc.
p es o s
NOSBOIIO
cyeiaTb
Meppble
Wa n
Ha MyTH
Nepexoga
OT
ycTaHoBuBUleiica
TpaquyHn
MCKJHOYNTeIbHO
—
CKaxkKeM
TaK
—
“MoWITyyHo o”
paccMOTpeHHA
3anazHO-
6anTHiicKux
OPHHTOHMMOB
K
TIOMCKaM
9JIEMeHTOB
CHCTeMbI,
B
KOHTeKCTe
KOTOPOH
MH
HaWVIEXUT
aHaM3HpoBaTb
KaxKAy!O
“OTAeNbHO
B3ATYIO”
dopMy,
B
TOM
4HcJIe
M
HelocpeACTBeHHO
Cylesy onjee
3a
“sHepom”
mpyc.
aukis
EV
708.
CnejoBa enbHO,
moc aBmeHHb i
TpayTmMaHom
sonpoc
o
mec e
aukis
OTHOCHTeJIbHO
(3ecb,
B
OC)
yoxe
SEIBIMe o
“Hapa
NTH”
HbIHe
JOJDKEH
OBITS
OKOHYAaTeJIbHO
“c icaH
B
apXHB”:
KOpIyH
MO
CBOHM
pa3Mepam
kpymHee
opsia,
4eM
M1
O6ycHOBJIeHa
NOCeAOBATebHOCTh
pasMeleHMA
CTaTeii:
cHaya-
sia
0
NepBoM
—
EV
708,
a
3aTem
nm
0
BTopom
—
709
(pyc.
a elie
(<*a elis)).
46
Tipyc.
aukis
‘g i ’
EV
708
Kak
noka3ayo
Halle
JambHeliiee
uccyleqoBaHue
cTpykTypbI
SC,
xoTa
“TipeseHTal{HA”
OTCJIbHBIX
BUOB
*KMBOTHBIX
B
Npesesiax
Tpex
cbayHo pynn
WM
HayHaeTca
C
HanOoslee
KpyMHbIX CyLecTB,
OFHAKO
AIA
NepeyHA
NTHI
CeaHO
UCKOYeHHe,
NOCKOJIBKY
3 eCb
pe
U eT
yxke
He
O
PusHyecKoM,
a0
CoOlMasIbHOM
H3MepeHuu:
Hem.
Konigelyn
EV
707
‘koposek’
3aHuMaeT
Ty
xe
camy
NosHiHi0
Nocse
3a naBHo o
Vogel
706
‘n uya’,
u o
uKonig
405
‘xopouip’
—
noce
py6puKa onno o
He e
404
‘ ocnogun’,
T.e.
9T0
mep-
BbIe
MeCTa
B
COOTBETCTBYIONIMX
TeMaTHYeCKHX
60Kax
(HenoxynHui
2005:
70-71).
Bmec e
c
Tem
“Ha
KOHTpacTe”
BCuIeq
3a
elCTBHTeIbHO
“cKa304HOIi
nTHyeH”
(HO
TOKO
B
POMbKMOpHOH
pos
Yaps)
cileAyeT
HM
B
CaMOM
Je e
KpynHeimul
npeycTaBuTesb
NepHaTbIX,
KOTOPbIM
M
OKa3bIBaeTCA
KOpLIyH
(4
TYT
yxXe
Ha
NepeqHMii
M1aH
BLIXOAAT
YHCTO
KOuIMYeCTBEHHBIe
“ap yMeH-
TbI”
—
QyIMHa
Tesla,
pasMaX
KPbUTbeB,
Bec).
U o
xKe
KacaeTCA
MponcxoxkAeHHA
caMo o
Ha3BaHHA
—
pyc.
aukis
EV
708,
To
npesuia aemyi0
31eCb
BeEPCHIO
MbI
BilepBble
BbIBHHYJIH
(B
KayecTBe
MIpe7BapHTesbHOM
3aABKH)
B
CBOeM
JOKJayje
Ha
MexyyHapoqHoi
KoHde-
PeHYMu,
NOcBAMeHHOM
WHIO
poxyenua
A.
SA3euHMHa,
KOTOpas
MpoxogMa
8
Muc u y e
ma TbulicKo o
asbika
( .
Pu a)
21-22
espana
2002
.
(Heno-
kynub i
2002:
45).
1.1-4,
Tloqo6Ho
Tomy,
kak
B
bayHomeKcuKe
9C
He
mMpegcTaBieH
“1e-
Jubii”
Jes,
TOUHO
Tak
%Ke
B
3TOM
MaMATHHKe
HeT
u
e o
“MOIOBMHBI”
(B
KOM-
OnHann
¢
“nosOBMHOM”
opsia).
Cu Tyayua,
KoTopaA
B
HcTopun
Bompoca
o
EV
708
cnoxumacb
BOKpy
TpaKTOBKM
3a osOBHO O
ci10Ba
g i ,
BO
MHO OM
HallOMMHaeT
TOT
xe
ca-
Mbili
“packulayq”
XapaKTepHcTHK,
4YTO
HaOsOAaeTCA
M
B
OTHOWCHHM
Mpyc.
weloblundis
EV
437.
Bo-nepsbix,
Ha3BaHHe
9K3OTHYECKO O
2%KUBOTHOLO
—
“KO-
pa6JiA
NycTbBIHH”
MepeHeceHo
37eCb
yxKe
He
Ha
CKa304HY1,
a
Ha
BOOHE
peasIbHy10
MOMecb
JIoWaAH
C
OCIIOM,
T.
€.
MyJIa,
a
BO-BTOpbIX,
pe HOH
pac-
IpocTpaHeHHA
NocseqHe o
—
9TO,
B
YacTHOCTH,
o
EBpombl.
Cp.
Kak 06
9TOM
n Mue
ap op
L uew usayuu
cpedHeeexocozo
3anada:
“My.
1
oces
6bUIM
He3aMeHMMEI
HE
TOKO
JIA
TpeogqomeHua
TOPHCTHIX
YYaCTKOB
B
Cpe
{M3CMHOMOPCKOM
pe HoHe;
BbIOUHBIN
TpaHCHOpT
WHpoOKO
NpHMeHAJICA
U
TaM,
Tye
ycOBMA
pesbeda
9TO O,
Ka3a0cb
SbI,
He
TpeGoBasn”
(Jle
Todd
2005:
263).
47
Auna onua
Henoxynunn
VM
Tem
He
MeHee
OCHOBHBIM
OpHeHTHpOM
JIA JOKasTM3ali
HOCHTeIA
9K30THYECKOFO
MpyCcKO o
300HHMa
OCTaIOTCA AIA
Hac
CeBepHbIe
OKPecTHO-
c u
CpejM3eMHo o
Mops,
4TO
CoBmiajjaeT
C
apeasIOM
GbITOBAHHA
pa3s/IM4HBIX
BUOB
HOCHTeJIei
OpHUTOHUMa
g i
EV
708,
kak
e o
HHTeplpeTHMpoBasi
aB-
Top
Te3aypyca
npycckozo
A3bika.
CM.
KapTbi
“Ba geie ”,
“Gansegeie ”
1
Ap.
(Fische
1963:
64, 98,
118).
VW
He
HH
Majsieiii ie o
COMHEHHA
B
TOM,
YTO
OT
TpayTMaHa-1910
cueayeT
BepHyTbca
K
HeccesbMaHy-1873
1
BbIBeECTH
3a
paMKH
yueHHA
06
SC
Bo poc
06
OTpaxeHHH
B
e o
(bayHoseKcike
KakHXx-s1M60
(paHTacTHyeckHx
CyMecTB
Booome.
2.0.
K
paccMoTpeHHOli
BbIIMe
9KCTpaJIMHTBUCTHYeCKON
ONNO3HLWH
NpH
TpakTosKe
c aTbu
EV
708
—
ckas04Hoe
CyljecTBO
HJIM
2Ke
peasibHas
NTHA
(cm.
1)
cam
xe
HeccesibMaH
np HGaBn
enje
OAHy
—
Ha
9TOT
pa3
yxKe
co6-
CTBEHHO
ASbIKOBeAYeCKy10.
OGbEKTHBHBIC
TpyHOCTH,
CBASAHHBIe
C
a{eKBaT-
HOCTbWO
BOCIPHATHA
HCCeqOBATeAMM
PYKOMMCHO O
TeKcTa
(HbIHe
—
JIMLIb
o oxonmn)
3C,
BpisBasIH
K
%KU3HM
MOABIIEHHe
TOFO,
YTO
BBIIe
MbI
OMpese-
JIMJIM
KaK
BoMpoc
O
BHeIIHel
(opMe
mpyccKo o
cooTBeTcTBHA
Hem.
g i
EV
708
(cm.
0).
2.1.
CxasaHHbiM
4
O6bACHAeTCA
TO,
MOYeMy
aBTop
Tesaypyca
npyccKo-
20
A3bIKA
B
XOe
y slyOJIeHHA
CBOe O
3HAKOMCTBAa
C
SC
akTHYeCKH
BHEC
B
HCTOpHio
U3y4eHHA
3TO O
NaMATHHKa
elle
OAHY
a/lbTepHaTHBY:
Ha
Celi
pas
peub
Ula
O
ABYX
BAap aHTax
MpouTeHua
paduyecKo
PopMpbl
To o
x*Ke
ca-
MOP,
Bille
yxe
OOcyxKaBllle oca
IpyCCKO O
OPHHTOHMMA,
KOTOPBIM
OBLIO
TlepeBeyeHo
Hem.
g i .
Tak,
eca
B
1868
.
nepssiii
ny6mMKaTop
OC
mpoyen
mpyccKoe
cooTBeT-
c eue
Hem.
g i
EV
708
kak
aukis,
To
1ATb
JleT
ClycTA
OH
y2Ke
H3MeHHII
CBOI
BSA,
HAXOJA
B
JIeKceme
(bopmy
ankis
(“In
de
Ausgabe
des
Voc.
ha e
ich
aukis
gesch ieben,
ankis
is
abe
unbeding
o zuziehen”).
H
MoxHO
He
Co-
MHeBaTbCA
B
TOM,
YTO
TOUKOL
OMOPbI
MPH
aBTOPCKO!
peBu3sHH
npexKHe oO
MHEHHA
OTHOCHTEJIbHO
ayTeHTHYHOL
MpyccKoli
PopMBI
CTasia
ANA
yYeHo O
BO3MOXHOCTb
CBs3aTb
10-MHOMY
yBH{eHHY10
(pOpMy
OPHUTOHUMa
Cc
TaKHMH
Ha3BaHHAMH
pudpa,
Kak
C1aB.
UHO?b,
HOed
U
Mog.
(Nesselmann
1873:
6).
2.2.0.
Hesb3a
He
OTMeTHTD,
YTO
HB
OTHOMICHHM
HOBO O
BapHaHTa
HjeH-
TuduKaynu
Hecce bManom
mpycckou
yac u
c a pu
EV
708
Tpay maH
BHOBb
BbICTYMMJ
B
POs
OMMOHEHTa
aBTopa
Tesaypyca
npyccKozo
A3bIKG,
KOT-
Aa
npunsal
Bepcu o
A,
BenyenGep epa,
KoToppli
npownTbiBas
HccmesyemMoe
48
Ipye.
aukis
‘g i ’
EV
708
HaMH
MITH4be
HasBaHHe
HMeHHO
Kak
aukis
(T au mann
1910:
306).
Toguep-
KHeM:
K
TaKOMY
BIijeHMIO
CTpyKTYpsI
3anaqHOOaNTHIicKo o
OpHHTOHHMa
yun emb
Tpay Mana
el
cBouM
CoGcTBeHHBIM
MyTeM,
To qja
KaK
yYeHHK
Be jenGep epa
—
Jub
CuIeqOBasI
3a
MeTpOM.
O6
sTOM
MbI
CUMTAeM
HeEOOXOAUMBIM
BbICKa3aTbCA
CO
BCeli
ACHOCTBIO,
M10-
CKOJIbKy
B
HoBei mux
pabo ax
o
NTHW4bem
pa Meu e
OC
AaxKe
Mp
pas i4a-
HOli
OpHeHTaHH
HX
aBTOPOB
OTHOCHTebHO
POpMbI
peKOHCTpyHpyemo o
Ha3BaHMA
CTasla
HaMeYaTHCA
OOUJaA
TEHACHIMA
NpeACTABIATS
B3 TATBI
A.
Beuyen6ep epa
u
P.
Tpay mana
no
noBpogy
npyccKo o
o6o3Ha eHHA
NepHa-
o o
EV
708
kak
{Ba
pa3JIM4HbIX
9Talla
B
MCTOPHM
MCceqOBaHHA
3alaj{HO-
6an niicKo o
cnopa.
Cp.: 1)
“Bezzenbe ge
1874:
1236
<Ankis>
T au mann
1910:
306
<Aukis>”
(Dini
1993:
212)
u
2)
“Bezzenbe ge
(1874:
123)
las
Ankis,
T au mann
(1910:
306)
hingegen
Aukis”
(Hinze
1996-97:
147;
noquep-
KHYTO
Hamu.
—
A.H.).
Kak
BHM,
eCJIM
B
NepBOM
CiyYae
YYeHHK
pa3zsM4He
B
opMax
Kak
ObI
o6ycJloBIeHO
cylecTBOBaHHemM
“xpOHOJIOTHYeCKHX
HOXKHHI”,
TO BO
BTO-
pom
—
06a
uccneyoBa esA
ye
MpOTHBOMOCTaBsIeHbI
OAH
Apy omy:
Bex-
qeH6ep ep
yn an
Ankis,
TpayTMaH
Hanpo ue
—
Aukis.
Ho
ak
sm
Bce
6blI0
MW
Ha
CaMoM
ese?
O6pa umcs
K
nepBouc ouHMkam.
2.2.1.
Bo-nepspix,
ecm
B
O6OMX
yKa3aHHbIX
BbIe
clyyaAx
Be yenOep-
ep
4
npuBen
opmy
ankis,
To
9TO
ObiIO
THUb
3a saBHem
OOcyxK,aemoi
ciloBapHOli
c aTbu
M3
Tezaypyca
npyccKozo
as ika
T. T.
@,
Heccenpmana,
T.e.
cpakTuyecku
KpaTuai iaa
“yMTaTa”
B
IpOYTeHHM
TOJIbKO
YTO
HasBaHHO O
slekcuko pada.
Cp. cooTBe c Byioujuii
(bpa MeHT
13
MOcTaTeiHBIX
3aMeya-
Hul
pe leH3ex a:
“—
Ankis.
Ob
ksl.
nog i
e was
mi
dem
Wo e
zu
un
ha ,
e schein
seh
zwei elha .
Go .
dinaha,
dinakls
is
jedes alls
e n
zu
hal en”
(Bezzenbe ge
1874:
1236).
Kak
BHM,
aBTOPp
OTSBIBA,
IPHHHMasd
HCXOJHY!
(opMy
Kak
HeyTO
aH-
HOE,
B
TO
Ke
BPeM#
BbICKa3bIBAeT
HEAOBepe
K
KOPPeKTHOCTH
ee
9THMOJIO-
usayuu.
pupeyeHubiii
TeKc
HM
B
Koeli
Mepe
He
JOKa3bIBaeT
TO O,
YTO
BeiyenGep ep
mp
epsom
xe
3HaKOMcTRe
¢
“TesaypyCHbIM”
MpescTaBsie-
49
AHATONHA
HENOKYNHHWA
Euje
OJHUM
TeEppHTOPHaJIbHO
IIPHYPOYeHHbIM
OTBETOM
Ha
Halll
BOMpoc
MbI
OOA3AHBbI
Wp.
B.
C yHypK eHe
(TaM
*e,
MHCTHTYT
JIMTOBCKON
JIMTepa Ty-
pbI
HW
PoubKIOpa,
To a
*Ke)
—
paaukuo i
‘ umpai
aika
pakilno i,
pasup i’:
Paaukuok
aika,
gal
nus os
e k i
(okpec Hoc u
[lacBasmca,
ye3y
[laHese-
*KUC),
T.
e.
‘ITlokayan
peOeHKa,
MOXET,
NepecTaHeT
T1aKaTb
.
Kpome
To o,
BBHAYy
TO O,
YTO
OCHOBHbIe
HIWIOCTpallMu
H3
YIOMAHYTOM
c aTb
B
LKZ
o cpiiaioT
K
JIeKcHKo paduyeckomy
Tpygzy
A.
lOwKn,
To
He
JIMLUHHMM
Oy
eT
OTMeTHTb
H
JIOKAJIN3al[HlO
HCXOJHbIX
MaTepHasIOB,
COOpaH-
HbIX
€ O
aBTOPOM:
“STO
OOLIMH
C/IOBapb
pas oBOpHOH
peynH
[H.
1.)
Ilyma-
no ac,
BasiooHa,
BusbKHA,
AJIbcey>KAH
HM
UX
OKpecTHOcTeH”
(Tolu iene
1961:
151).
[locKOJIbKy
Mepe4YMCJIGHHbIe
MeCT€YKH
OTHOCATCA
COOTBeETCTBEHHO
K
[lacBasmccKkomy,
KOpOapKcKomy,
KayHacckomy
Hu
[LiyH eHCKOMy
paHoHam,
TO
B
WeJIOM
HaMe4alOTCA
Ba
apeasia
ynoTpeOenHnua
ia ona
aukuo i
—
1)
mo
o60HM
Oepe am
HamMyHaca
(cp.
BbIllle
yKa3aH e
Ha
M-KO
I[ILlakai)
u
2)
B/OJIb
CCBEPHOH
OKPaHHb!
JIMTBHI
(Cp.
NOATBEPANTeJIbHOe
CBHJIETEJIBCTBO
O
[llaknHe
HW
(PUKCalMlO
TAKON
(OPM!
B
OKpecTHOCcTAX
IlacBasInca).
3.2.3.
B
TaKOM
Xe
,,KOJIBIOeEJIBHOM”
KJIIOYe
BbICTyMaeT
ITOT
ia osl
H
B
NaMATHHKaXx
JIMTOBCKO O
ASbIKa:
JPeCBHEMIWMN
MpHMep
ynoTpebseHHA
UC-
cyles yemo o
CjIOBa
OTMe4eH
B
TeKcTax
VM.
Bpe kyuHaca
(F aenkel
1962:
24
-
S. .
aqukd),
T.e.
m0,
1590
(sanepmeHHe
nepenoya
Bu6és uu)
win
1591
.
(u3-
jaH e
Ilocmw bl).
HecKosIbKO
103%Ke
NOMOOHOEe
CBUAETEJIbCTBO
NOABHJIOCh
Mu
B
IJocmwu e
M.
Jlaykuim
1599
.
(430/13),
age
peu
uge T
o
OaloKaHbe
(qeempuyac ie
—
aukuodamas)
“cpa o o
MnayeHya”
(LKZ,
496).
M,
XOTA
PYKOMMCHbIe
MAMATHHKH
HeMELKO-JIMTOBCKON
JIEKCHKO pamun
XVII
B.
TOIKy1OT
JIMT.
Gukuo i
Mb
Kak
“sp engen
in
die
H6he”
(CGL,,
559
/
991;
LL
353
/
82),
o Hako
yBHAeBLIMe
CBeT
JBYCTOPOHHHe
c10BapH
XVIII
B.
B
CBOMX
CTaTbAX
06
“aukdju”
noga oT
Gonee
NOApPOOHO
BITIMCaHHOe
3Ha4e-
Hue.
Cp.
“ich
sp enge
ein
Kind,
hebe
es
au
und
niede ”
(Ruhig
1747:
10)
u
“ich
hebe
ein
Kind
au ,
wiege
es
au
den A men”
(Mielcke
1800:
15).
Kak
HaM
KaxeTCA,
TaKkad
xe
“KOsIbIOesIbHaA”
C@EMaHTHKa,
CKOpee
BCe o,
CTOHT
H
3a
YIOMAHYTBIMH
BbILUIe
CBUJCTEJIBCTBaMH
H3
JIEKCHKOHOB
XVII
B.,
B
KOTOPbIX
lIpH
“sp engen
in
die
Hohe”
cneyye
noypa3yMeBa Tb
“ein
Kind”.
Bmec e
c
TeM
Li uanica
BOCTOYHONpyccKo o
pe HoOHa
MpeOcTaBJIAeT
B
Halle
pacnops>KeHHe
HW
CJHHCTBeCHHBIM
TeKCT,
COJepxKalIMH
B
CeOe
HCKOMBIM
ia ow.
Tak,
B
OJHOM
H3
ClOKeTOB
NO3MbI
Kp.
JJonenaii uca
Bpemena
200a,
96

Mpye.
aukis
‘g i ’
EV
708
AaTupyemoi
1765-75 .,
pedb
HACT
O
TOM,
YTO,
NOApaxkaA
B3pocsIbIM,
je-
BOYKH
HTpaloT
CO
CBOMMH
KYKIaMH,
“Kaya
Hx
Ha
OKTAx”
(auk iodamos
an
alkiniy;
LKZ,
496).
3.2.4.0.
Tpupegennaa
sp ue
uu a a
u3
LKZ
(3.2.1)
umee cBoum
uc-
TOWHMKOM
JIumoccKuli
cnoeape
A.
FOuxKu.
Vi
3yecb
Henb3a
He
loyepKHyTb
TOPO,
4TO
“Bech
MaTep an
COBapsA
B3AT
3
YCT
Haposa,
a
He
yHacneyoBaH
43
yxKe
OMyOMMKOBAHHBIX
paGo
M1
c oOBapeii”,
YTO
caM
Ke
apTop
“cun an
caMoli
1eHHOL
OCcObeHHOCTHIO
CBOe o
pyya”
(Tolu iené
1961:
150).
Cneqo-
BaTeJIbHO,
CBHeTebCcTBa
A,
IOWIKM
He
TOJIbKO
COOpaHbl
MccseqoBaTenem
“M3
MepBBIX
PYK”,
HO
B
TO
K€
BPEM#
ABJIAIOTCA
I
BIIONIHe
He3aBMCHMBIMH
OT
AAHHBIX
APYTHX
aBTOPOB,
TO
MCKIOYAeT
BO3MOXHOCTh
BIIMAHHA
CO
CTOpO-
HbI
MOcs1e{HHX.
3.2.4.1.
B
c a e
06
auk io i
ABTOP
C/IOBapA
BbIeIIMI,
B
YaCTHOCTH,
Ba
3HaueHua:
1.
‘kaya b
Ha
pykax;
hojdaé
na
eku
dziecie’
w
2.
‘kayaTs
moq6pa-
cbibad
CHH3y
BBepx;
bujaé
~
kolysaé
z
go y
na
do?’
(FOu esuy
1897:
177).
Kaxkaylo
43
9THx
CeMaHTM4ecKHX
xapakTepicTukK
JleKcuko pad
mpo imno-
CTpMpoBasI
OHM
MpHMepom
Co
cBOHM
OO
bACHeHHeM.
Tak,
B
nocneqHem
ciyyae
yn aem:
“Vilnys
aukuoja
sielj
(p y
d zewa),
al j
an
Nemuno,
andens,
.
y.
linguoja,
supuoja”
( am
xe),
7.
e.
‘BosHBI
KO-
‘IbIMAT
TUIOT,
JIOAKy
Ha
Hamynace,
Boge’.
K
co xkaeHui0,
TO
CBUeTEsIbCTBO
ynoTpe61eHHA
uccieAyemo o
ia osia
BO
BTOPOM
3Ha eHUH
—
B
OTTHANe
OT
“kombIGesbHO O”
—
Tak
H
OCTaHETCA
OsHMM-eAHHCTBEHHBIM
11
B
Akajemuye-
CKOM
cyIoBape.
U o
2ke
KacaeTca
baloKaHba
pe6enka,
TO
B
3TOM
muiaHe
aukuo i
KaK
MH-
HHMYM
ABaKAbI
BCTpeyaeTCA
B
CBAeOHEIX
TeCHAX,
3aNHCaHHBIX
TeM
xe
H1C-
culeqoBaTenem
B
BasiooHe
u
ee
oKpec Hoc ax.
Cp.
[duk elé]
An
bal y
anky
aukuo a,
Ma go
ygele
ygiuo a
(KOuKesu4
1883:
140
No
159),
T .
e.
[qouypka,
Ko-
Topyio]
‘Ha
6enbix
pyKax
OaloKasm
/
B
nec poi
KombiGenM
Kaya’.
3.2.4.2.
OqHaKO
3HauHTesIbHBIT
MHTepec
yxKe
He
B
CeMaHTH4eCKOM,
a
B
C10B006pa3z0BaTesIbHOM
acHeKTe
BbISEIBAeT
elle
OHA
CTATHs
13
pacema pn-
BaeMOTO
C/OBaps:
“A ikas,
-ka
m.
‘kayanne
peGenka
na
pyKax,
HaAHYeHHe;
hojdanie
na
eku.
V.
aukuo i”
(OmKesu4
1897:
176).
MomenjenHas
B
neppom
u3qyanun
(1941 .)
LKZ
CLKZ,
386),
s a
c a ea
57
Ana om
Henoxynann
6nula
noBTopena
u
Bo
B opom
(?LKZ,
474).
[bia
Hameii
Tesi
Takaa cpopma
uMeeT
oco6y o
3HauMMoc Ts.
HM
Bo
noyemy.
Jin .
a ikas
spnAe cA
TaKUM
%*Ke
(PIeKTHBHDIM
MpOH3BOAHBIM
OT
auk io i,
kak
u
pyc.
aukis
EV
708
o
coo se c syioule o
mpyccKo o
sa osia.
Pas-
HHYa
Mexyy
oO6euMu
dbopMaMH
3akJOYAeTCA
JIMUIb
B
TOM,
YTO
CCJIM
JIMTOB-
cKHi
JepepOaTue
oGosHauae T
JelicTBue,
TO
MpycckHil
—
JeaTesA.
BMec e
c
TeM
He
MOxeT
He
OOpaTHTb
Ha
CeOA
BHHMAHHA
TO
OOCTOATENBCTBO,
4TO,
10
MHeHH10
B.
Max osiuca,
uMeHHO
mpyc.
*aukas
(T.e.
pexoHCTpyKIHA,
TOKe-
CTBeHHas
PeasIbHO
3aCBHeTeJIbCTBOBAHHOMY
JIMTOBCKOMy
CJ10By!)
OJDKHO
ObuIO
Mpeyuec BoBaTb
31bOMHTCKOMy
OpHHTOHUMY
aukis
(MaZiulis
1988:
112).
H
kak
6b
Tam
HH
OBIIO,
HO
yxe
CaM
(pakT
NIpyCCKO-JIMTOBCKOH
OOUTHO-
CTH
MpM
HCNob30BaHHM
OAHOH
HM
To i
%Ke
epHBalMOHHOH
MosesM
cBHze-
TesIbCTByeT
O
TyIyOMHE
COBMECTHBIX
A3BIKOBEIX
Tepe
XHBaHHIi
Ha
eHeTH4e-
CKM
TOXKECTBEHHOM
MaTepHasle
IpOH3BOAHBIX
OOpas0BaHHii
OT
H3BecTHOTO
(mToscko o)
H
npegnoma aemo o
(mpyccko o)
ia osos.
3.3.
Pacemo penue
mpyc.
aukis
EV
708
cKBo3b
MpH3My
CBMeTesIbCTB
JIMTOBCKOPO
ASbIKA
HMeeT
BeCbMa
yOeqMTebHOe
M
K
TOMY
%e
COOCTBeH-
HO
OpHHTOsIO M4eCKoOe
OGOCHOBAHHe
—
COOTBETCTBYIONyIO
TeXHHKy
MoseTa
nepHa bix.
Kak
u3BecTHO,
BbICMaTpHBad
CeGe
WOObIYy, XHIMHBIe
ITHI bI
NOAO y
Ta-
pa
B
Bos yxe.
Cp.:
“Bee
KpylHbIle
BU
bI
KOPUYHOB
ABJIAIOTCA
XOPOUIMMH
nlaHepuc aMu,
KOTOpbIe,
KpyKacb,
MO yT
Jie Ko
Jep%KaTbca
Ha
GoMbUINX
Bpico ax”
(Fische
1963:
10).
VY
YAMBHTeIbHO
TOUHO
NpescTaBHs
cBo i
“pas6op
MoeTOB”
Tako o
poza
HeM3BeCTHBIii
aBTOp
Cloxe Ta
B
T'aHMyKO-BOABIHCKOM
JeTONMCH,
Ko a,
NOBe-
cTBysx
O
coObITHAX
1245
.,
OH
2KHBOTIHCaT
TO,
YTO
MMeHHO
yBHesI0
B
Hebe
BolicKo
KHsA3A
J[aHnns a
PomaHoB ya:
“ ..W
ObIBINIO
3HAMEHIIO
CMe
Haj{b
MOJIKOMb:
CHIE
NpHME
AMM
OpJIOMb
HM
MHOPbIMb
BhPOHOM®,
AKO
OGOMOKY
BEMKY,
M pa onyiM'’b
K€
NITHYAMD,
OPJIOMb
K€
KICKOUPOUIMMD
HM
MW1aBalolMMb
KpHJIbl
CBOHMH
HM
BbCIPOMETAIONIMMb
KE
CA
Ha
BOSIYCh,
AKO
%Ke
HUKO Aa
HUKOJIM
Ke
HE
6b;
HM
ce
3HaMeHie
[He]
Ha
WOOpo
SnicTh”
(TBJI
107/685).
Ha6snoqeHus
Hay
TeM,
KAaKHM
Cnoco6oM
JleTawT
pa3JIM4Hble
BULL
NTHU,
HallUIM
CBoOe
obobmeHHe
HB
CKJ1a{bIBAHHH
OAHOFO
M3
NpHHUMNOB
MX
Ha3bl-
58
Ipye.
aukis
‘g i ’
EV
708
Banna.
UA
Takoli
THN
HOMMHAaLMM
MepHaTbIxX
IpHMeHAeT
He
TOIbKO
OasiTHii-
ckaa,
HO
M
C/laBAHCKad
OPHMTOHMMHA.
Tax,
HanpuMmep,
mpacias.
*lelok»,
*lel’ake,
*lelik
‘ko30q0i1
(Cap imulgus
eu opeus)’
4
Ap.
(B
TOM
4McHe
uM
Gel.
Qua.
ne ik
‘ac pe6’)
“OonpmmmH-
cTBO
uccweqoBaTesel
OTHOCHT
K
mpacnaB.
*lelé i,
*leléja i
[‘kaua s(ca),
KosbIxaTB(cA),
Wa a b(ca)’.
—
A.H.]
...
CuuTaa,
YTO
NTHYa
Ha3sBaHa
TaK
0
xapaKTepHomMy
JA
Hee
“Kayaiomjemyca”
nMome y”
(9CCA
14:
105).
Cp.
Take
B
NOsbCKOM
KHHTe
oO
nTMYax
1779
.
onpeze IeHHbI
BUA
coxou a
(Falco
che ug
G ay)
HocuT
HauMeHoBaHue
soko
p ywacz,
NOcKOsIbKy
“Ja ajac
ak
wiasnie
jak
p ywa
po
powie zu”
(S u y iski
1972:
106),
.e.
OykB.
‘TOBell’,
KOTOpbIM
JeTaeT
Tak,
‘Kak
Gy
{TO
MWIBIBET
10
BO3Ayxy’.
3.1-3.
Bee,
0
4em
GbLIO
cKa3aHO
Ble,
MO3BOJIAeT
yBepeHHO
Mpesi0-
XKUTb
aJIbTepHATHBHY?
K
CyljecTBy oljeH
“ ouocoBoh”
“noseTHy!0”
STHMO-
jlo Mio
mpyccKo o
opHuToHHMa
aukis
EV
708.
Opnen upyscb
Ha
MT.
auk io i
‘kobixaTb,
WOKaYMBAaTh,
OaloKaTb’,
MOX%KHO
cuu a b
npyc.
aukis
Takum
%e
(leKTHBHBIM
NPOM3BOAHbIM
OOpas0BaHiem,
kak
u
smT.
li igé
‘nyHp’
wim
s iopis
‘kaH oK’.
M
BecbMa
BaxKHO,
¥TO 06a Jepu-
BaTa
CO3Mal0T
JIA
McceqyeMo o
HaMH
MpyccKo o
OpHUTOHMMa
MpouHBii
CeMaHTHKO-THNOO M4eCKM
KOHTEKCT
B
TeppHTOpHasIbHO
OMKaiileM
K
3anaqHo-OaITHlicKOMy
JIMTOBCKOM
A3BKIKOBOM
apeasie.
CleqoBaTeJIbHO,
Has3BaHue
No 2
B
OPHHTOHHMMYeCKOM
peec pe
DC
Kak
OOpa30BaHHOe 10
TOW
2%Ke
Moje
‘KayaHHe’
—
‘nT IJa’,
KOTOpad
yxe
Oblia
ycTaHoBsIeHa
B
JIMTOBCKOH
sjleKcuKe
(cM.
3.1),
aBsIMeTCA
ele
OHM
ap yMeHTOM
NIpoTUB
To o,
4To
B
c a se
g i
aukis
EV
708
Mo sia
HATH
pedb 0
HeKOeM
CKa304HOM
cyujec Be,
a
He
0
peasIbHO
CyllecTBYIOWJeM
NepHaToM.
PeKOHCTpyKUMA
BHYTpeHHeli
cbopMsI
mpyc.
aukis
He
TOKO
NOATBEpxK-
AaeT
KOppeKTHOCTb
MMeHHO
TakKo o
BapHaHTa
MpOYTeHHA
PyKOMMCHO O
Ha-
YepTaHHsA
OPHHTOHMMA,
HO
M
BBOJHT
e o
B
LIMpOKHii
KOHTeKCT
OasTHiicKHx
MpO 3BOAHbIX
OOpa3z0BaHUi
c
OONIMM
3HaYeHHeM
‘BBICH’,
‘BbICOKHII’,
‘BO3-
BbIMMATbCA’,
‘BbICOKO’
H
T.1.
Ecam
B
O6oux
HoBeliImMx
9THMOJIO HYeCKHX
COBapAX
HpycckKo o
ABbIKa
opHu onu
aukis
EV
708
B
e o
c apieli
TpaquyMOHHOLi
OHOMaToNOsTHYe-
Ckoi
WHTeplpeTalM
OKa3bIBaeTCA
H30JIMpOBaHHBIM
OOpas0BaHem
3a-
TaqHobasITHcKol
JIeKCHKH
(TOMOHUMMYecKHe
MapasiesM,
CTpo o
oBopA,
JIMMWeHbI
OAHOSHAYHOCTH
Npenosa aemMoi
CeMaHTMKH
CBOuX
opM),
TO
B
Halle
cyyyae
OGcy>KqaeMoe
NITH4be
HasBaHHe
ye
He
ABJIAeTCA
OAMHO-
59
Ana oina
Henoxynuna
KUM.
Bp uieHaeMbii
B
9TOL
dbopMe
KopeHb
*auk-
HaxOJHTCA
B
OTHOLIEHMAX
yepeyqoBaHna
c
*uk-,
mpeCTaBsIeHHBIM, Kak
ObLI0
OnpeyeseHo
euje
A.
Bey-
yeHGep epom,
B
NpyccKoM
mpeduKce
mpeBocxogHoli
c eneHH
ucka-,
KOTO-
Pbii
c o iT
B
OAHOM
payy
¢
smT.
auk o i
‘kayaTb,
NOAHUMaTb
BBepX,
BBBICb’.
Cp.
ynomMHaHHe
0
cBa3H
O6eMx
9THX
d@opm y
A.
Dx”s8enMHa
(Endzelins
1943:
268).
Takum
o6pas3om,
ec
H3qaBHa
CyulecTByIOlad
ITHMONO MYeCKaA
Bep-
cua
mpyccko o
opHuToOHUMa
EV
708
G a
copHenTuposana
Ha
au .
kau i
‘ayKaTb,
NepeKIMKaTbCA’,
TO
Mpess1ox%KeHHAA
HAMM
—
Ha
OMOHHMMYHBIT
eMy
aa om
dkdu i
‘Hocu b
Ha
pyKax,
Kaya p’
(cp.
F aenkel
1962:
1159-1160;
LKZ
5
400-401).
Oguako
coo se cTBy oule o
3ByKONOApaxKaTesbHO o
HH-
unu uea
—
“qBoiHMKa”
K
paccMoTpeHHomy
BEe
auk io i
He
3adpuKcHpo-
BaHo.
HCTOYHHKH
UH
JIMTEPATYPA
Anp é,
J.
1967:
Les
noms
d’oiseau
en
la in.
Pa is:
Lib ai ie
C.
Klincksieck.
Bezzense ce ,
A.
1874:
[Anzeige]
G.
H.
F.
Nesselmann.
Thesau us
Linguae
P ussicae.
Be lin,
1873.
Gé ingische
Geleh e
Anzeigen.
S iick
39.
30.
Sep embe
1874,
1221-1250.
B zzenBERGER,
A.
1890:
E ymologien.
Bei dge
zu
Kunde
de
indoge manischen
Sp a-
chen,
he ausgegeben
on
A.
Bezzenbe ge ,
Bd.
16,
120.
Bezzense ce ,
A.
1896;
[Anzeige]
H.
Hi .
De
indoge manische
Akzen .
Ein
Handbuch.
S assbu g,
1895.
Bei age
zu
Kunde
de
indoge manischen
Sp achen,
he ausgege-
ben
on
A.
Bezzenbe ge
und
W.
P ellwi z,
Bd.
21,
He
1,
289-315.
Buazex,
V.
1998:
Old
P ussian
bi d
names.
In:
W.
Smoczyxsxi,
ed.,
Colloquium
P u henicum
secundum.
Pape s
om
he
Second
In e na ional
Con e ence
on
Old
P ussian
held
in
Mogilany
nea
K akéw,
Oc obe
3 d-6 h,
1996.
K akéw:
Uni e si as,
7-23.
Buca,
K.
1959:
Rink iniai
as ai
I.
Suda é
Z.
Zinke idius.
Vilnius:
Vals ybiné
poli inés
i
mokslines
li e a ii os
leidykla.
CGL
=
Cla is
Ge manico-Li huana.
Rank as inis
XVI
améiaus
okieciy-lie u iy
Zodynas.
Ill:
M-S.
Vilnius:
Mokslo
i
enciklopedijos
leidybos
ins i u as,
1997.
60
Mpye
aukis
‘g i ’
EV
708
Dini,
P.
U.
1993:
Linguis ica
e
ilologia
bal ica:
p uss.
VE
708
e
li .
Ba ibis.
Linguis ica
Bal ica
2,
211-239.
D i e ,
G.
R.
1955:
Bi ds
in
he
Old
Tes amen
I.
Bi ds
in
low.
Pales ine
Explo a ion
Qua e ly
87,
5-20.
Enpze ins,
J.
1943:
Senp isu
aloda.
Ie ads,
g ama ika
un
leksika.
Riga:
Uni e si a es
apgads.
OCCA
14
=
Imumosoeu eckull
c oeap
c aeancKux
As Koe.
Tpac acancKu i
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