JHEP06(2016)050
Published o SISSA by Sp inge
Recei ed:Ma ch 11, 2016
Re ised:May 13, 2016
Accep ed:May 27, 2016
Published:June 8, 2016
Cen ali y dependence o ψ(2S) supp ession in p-Pb
collisions a √sNN = 5.02 TeV
The ALICE collabo a ion
E-mail: [email p o ec ed]
Abs ac : The inclusi e p oduc ion o he ψ(2S) cha monium s a e was s udied as a
unc ion o cen ali y in p-Pb collisions a he nucleon-nucleon cen e o mass ene gy √sNN
= 5.02 TeV a he CERN LHC. The measu emen was pe o med wi h he ALICE de ec-
o in he cen e o mass apidi y anges −4.46 < ycms <−2.96 and 2.03 < ycms <3.53,
down o ze o ans e se momen um, by econs uc ing he ψ(2S) decay o a muon pai .
The ψ(2S) p oduc ion c oss sec ion σψ(2S) is p esen ed as a unc ion o he collision cen-
ali y, which is es ima ed h ough he ene gy deposi ed in o wa d apidi y calo ime-
e s. The ela i e s eng h o nuclea e ec s on he ψ(2S) and on he co esponding
1S cha monium s a e J/ψis hen s udied by means o he double a io o c oss sec ions
[σψ(2S)/σJ/ψ]pPb/[σψ(2S)/σJ/ψ]pp be ween p-Pb and pp collisions, and by he alues o he
nuclea modi ica ion ac o s o he wo cha monium s a es. The esul s show a la ge
supp ession o ψ(2S) p oduc ion ela i e o he J/ψa backwa d (nega i e) apidi y, co e-
sponding o he ligh di ec ion o he Pb-nucleus, while a o wa d (posi i e) apidi y he
supp essions o he wo s a es a e compa able. Finally, compa isons o esul s om lowe
ene gy expe imen s and o a ailable heo e ical models a e p esen ed.
Keywo ds: Hea y Ion Expe imen s, Qua k Gluon Plasma
A Xi eP in : 1603.02816
Open Access, Copy igh CERN,
o he bene i o he ALICE Collabo a ion.
A icle unded by SCOAP3.
doi:10.1007/JHEP06(2016)050
JHEP06(2016)050
Con en s
1 In oduc ion 1
2 Expe imen al condi ions 3
3 Da a analysis 3
4 Resul s 7
5 Conclusions 11
The ALICE collabo a ion 16
1 In oduc ion
Cha monia a e bound s a es o a cha m and an an icha m qua k (cc), and ep esen an im-
po an es ing g ound o he p ope ies o he s ong in e ac ion. In high-ene gy p o on-
p o on collisions, he cha monium p oduc ion p ocess is usually ac o ized in wo s eps:
he c ea ion o a cc pai ollowed, on a longe ime scale, by he binding and emission o
one o mo e gluons ha b ings he pai o a colou single s a e. This p ocess is desc ibed
easonably by heo e ical models inspi ed by Quan um Ch omodynamics (QCD) [1], al-
hough a quan i a i e e alua ion o he p oduc ion c oss sec ions and pola iza ion o he
cha monium s a es s ill mee s di icul ies [1,2].
I a cha monium s a e is p oduced wi hin he nuclea medium, as can happen in p o on-
nucleus collisions, se e al e ec s become impo an and migh in luence he cha monium
o ma ion. In pa icula , he modi ica ion in he nucleus o he pa on dis ibu ion unc-
ions (shadowing/an i-shadowing) [3–5], can lead o a supp ession o an enhancemen o
he cha monium p oduc ion. Fu he mo e, he incoming pa ons, as well as he ou going
cc pai , may lose ene gy in he nuclea medium, al e ing he di e en ial dis ibu ions o he
p oduced cha monium s a e [6]. Finally, once he bound s a e is o med, i may be disso-
cia ed ia collisions wi hin nuclea ma e [7–9]. Howe e , he o ma ion o he inal-s a e
esonance occu s in a ini e ime τ which, depending on he kinema ics o he cc pai and
on he collision ene gy, may be longe han i s c ossing ime, τc, in he nucleus.
Among he na ow cha monium s a es, i.e. hose wi h a mass smalle han wice he
mass o he ligh es D mesons, we add ess in his pape he ec o s a es (JPC = 1−−)
J/ψ, cha ac e ized by a binding ene gy ∆E∼650 MeV (co esponding o he mass gap
o he open cha m h eshold), and he weakly bound ψ(2S), wi h ∆E∼50 MeV [10]. A
compa ison o he p oduc ion c oss sec ion o he wo s a es in p o on-nucleus collisions
o e s in e es ing insigh s in o he size o he a ious cold nuclea ma e (CNM) e ec s
ou lined abo e. In pa icula , shadowing ac s on he ini ial s a e pa ons and has a nea ly
iden ical size o he wo esonances [11,12]. The e o e, i s e ec la gely cancels ou
– 1 –
JHEP06(2016)050
when s udying he a io o hei p oduc ion c oss sec ions. Also cohe en ene gy loss
mechanisms [6], ha e a simila e ec on he wo esonances, due o he ac ha hey ac
on a compac cc pai no ye e ol ed in o a inal colo single s a e. On he con a y, he
b eak-up p obabili y o he inal esonance inside he nucleus should be much la ge o he
weakly bound ψ(2S) [13].
Ea ly esul s on J/ψand ψ(2S) p oduc ion in p o on-nucleus collisions we e ob ained
a ixed a ge expe imen s by E866 [14] a FNAL (√sNN = 63 GeV), by HERA-B [15] a
HERA (√sNN = 39 GeV) and by NA38, NA50, NA60 [16–18] a he CERN SPS (√sNN =
17–29 GeV). A mid- apidi y, i.e., close o ycms = 0, he ela i e p oduc ion c oss sec ion
σψ(2S)/σJ/ψ was ound o dec ease a he s ongly o inc easing mass numbe o he nuclea
a ge . Since pa o he kinema ic domain accessed a ixed a ge ene gies is cha ac e ized
by τ < τc[9], such an obse a ion can indeed be ela ed o a s onge b eak-up e ec on
he weakly bound ψ(2S).
A collide ene gies, i becomes echnically mo e di icul o ha e da a samples co -
esponding o a ious nuclea colliding species. The e o e, in o de o a y he hickness
o CNM c ossed by he cc pai , one can a he selec classes o e en s based on es ima-
o s o he geome y (cen ali y) o he collision, co esponding o a ious anges in he
numbe o nucleon-nucleon collisions Ncoll. This p ocedu e was ollowed by he PHENIX
expe imen a RHIC, which s udied he nuclea modi ica ion ac o s, de ined as he a io
be ween he measu ed yields in d-Au and p o on-p o on collisions, no malized o Ncoll, o
he J/ψand ψ(2S) esonances a mid- apidi y [19]. A √sNN = 200 GeV, he nuclea mod-
i ica ion ac o s we e smalle by a ac o ∼3 o ψ(2S) ela i e o J/ψ o cen al e en s,
indica ing a s onge supp ession o ψ(2S). Howe e , such an obse a ion is su p ising
since o mid- apidi y p oduc ion a RHIC ene gies he ime spen by he cc pai in he
nucleus (τc<0.05 m/c) is below he o ma ion ime o he inal-s a e esonance (mos
heo y es ima es [9,20,21] gi e τ >0.15 m/c). In such a si ua ion, one would a he
expec a simila supp ession o he J/ψand ψ(2S) s a es.
A he LHC, cen ali y-in eg a ed esul s on he ψ(2S) and J/ψ esonances o p-Pb
collisions a √sNN = 5.02 TeV we e ob ained by ALICE [22,23] and LHCb [24,25]. A bo h
o wa d (posi i e) and backwa d (nega i e) apidi ies, co esponding o he p-going and
Pb-going di ec ions espec i ely, a signi ican ly la ge supp ession o ψ(2S) compa ed o
J/ψwas obse ed, ela i e o p o on-p o on collisions. Again, his esul was unexpec ed,
as he τc alues a e ei he a mos he same o de o magni ude (a nega i e ycms) o mo e
han wo o de s o magni ude smalle (a posi i e ycms) han τ [22]. The e o e, addi ional
e ec s, as he in e ac ion o he loosely bound ψ(2S) wi h a had onic o pa onic medium
p oduced in he collision, migh be necessa y in o de o explain he esul s [11,26].
As ou lined abo e, a di e en ial measu emen as a unc ion o he collisions cen ali y is
equi alen o a s udy o he p opaga ion o he cc pai s o e a ious hicknesses o CNM. In
his Le e , we go in ha di ec ion by showing esul s ob ained by he ALICE Collabo a ion
on ψ(2S) s udies in p-Pb collisions as a unc ion o cen ali y, es ima ed h ough he ene gy
deposi ed a e y o wa d apidi y by he emnan s o he Pb-nucleus. The co esponding
J/ψs udies we e published in [27]. In sec ion 2 we gi e a b ie o e iew o he expe imen al
appa a us and un condi ions. Sec ion 3 p esen s de ails on he analysis p ocedu e, while
sec ion 4 is dedica ed o he esul s. The conclusions a e p esen ed in sec ion 5.
– 2 –
JHEP06(2016)050
2 Expe imen al condi ions
The analysis p esen ed in his Le e is based on he de ec ion o he ψ(2S)→µ+µ−decay
in he o wa d muon spec ome e o ALICE, desc ibed in de ail elsewhe e [28,29]. This
de ec o co e s he pseudo apidi y ange −4< ηlab <−2.5 and includes a 3 T·m dipole
magne and i e s a ions o acking chambe s, he cen al one being inside he magne
gap. A main abso be (10 in e ac ion leng hs hick) is posi ioned be ween he ALICE
in e ac ion poin and he acking sys em, in o de o emo e had ons. A second abso be
is placed downs eam o he acking de ec o s. I emo es he emaining had ons and
low-momen um muons p oduced p edominan ly om πand Kdecays, and is ollowed by
wo s a ions o igge chambe s ha selec muon candida es based on hei ans e se
momen um (pT). In addi ion o he muon spec ome e , he i s wo laye s o he Inne
T acking Sys em (SPD, i.e., Silicon Pixel De ec o s, he i s co e ing |ηlab|<2.0 and he
second |ηlab|<1.4) [30] a e used o he de e mina ion o he posi ion o he in e ac ion
e ex. The wo V0 scin illa o hodoscopes (co e ing −3.7< ηlab <−1.7 and 2.8< ηlab <
5.1, espec i ely) a e used o igge ing pu poses [31]. Finally, wo se s o Ze o-Deg ee
Calo ime e s (ZDC), posi ioned a 112.5 m on he wo sides o he in e ac ion poin , each
one including a neu on calo ime e (ZN) and a p o on calo ime e (ZP), a e used o clean-
up he e en sample om in e ac ions occu ing ou o he nominal bunches and o he
cen ali y es ima e [32,33].
The da a- aking condi ions we e desc ibed in [23,34] and a e b ie ly s a ed he e.
Two da a samples we e aken, co esponding o he p-beam o he Pb-beam going in
he di ec ion o he muon spec ome e , and labelled in he ollowing as p-Pb and Pb-p,
espec i ely. The in eg a ed luminosi ies we e LpPb
in = 5.01 ±0.19 nb−1and LPbp
in = 5.81 ±
0.20 nb−1[35]. The e en s used in his analysis we e collec ed equi ing a coincidence
be ween a minimum bias (MB) igge condi ion, de ined by he logical AND o signals on
he wo V0 hodoscopes (>99% e iciency o non-single di ac i e e en s), and he de ec ion
o wo candida e opposi e-sign acks in he igge sys em o he muon spec ome e . A
pµ
T>0.5 GeV/ccu on such acks was also imposed a he igge le el. The o line
e en selec ion, he muon econs uc ion and iden i ica ion c i e ia and he kinema ic and
quali y cu s applied a he single-muon and dimuon le els ha e al eady been desc ibed in
e s. [22,23,27,36]. In pa icula , he co e ed dimuon apidi y anges we e 2.03 < ycms <
3.53 and −4.46 < ycms <−2.96 o he p-Pb and Pb-p con igu a ions, espec i ely.
3 Da a analysis
In his sec ion, he e alua ion o he a ious elemen s ha en e he c oss sec ion measu e-
men s and he nuclea modi ica ion ac o calcula ions a e desc ibed.
The cen ali y selec ion and he de e mina ion o Ncoll a e based on a hyb id me hod
desc ibed in de ail in e . [33]. E en s a e selec ed acco ding o he ene gy deposi ed a
e y la ge apidi y in he ZN posi ioned in he Pb-going di ec ion, which mainly de ec s
slow neu ons emi ed by he Pb-nucleus as he esul o he in e ac ion. Thei emission,
acco ding o esul s ob ained in he analysis o lowe ene gy p o on-nucleus expe imen s,
– 3 –
JHEP06(2016)050
ZN cen ali y class hNcolli
2–20% 11.3 ±0.6 ±0.9
20–40% 9.6 ±0.2 ±0.8
40–60% 7.1 ±0.3 ±0.6
60–80% 4.3 ±0.3 ±0.3
80–100% 2.1 ±0.1 ±0.2
Table 1. A e age numbe s o bina y nucleon-nucleon collisions, Ncoll, e alua ed in he ZN cen ali y
classes used in his analysis. The i s quo ed sys ema ic unce ain y is unco ela ed, while he
second is global.
is expec ed o be mono onically ela ed o Ncoll [37]. A cen ali y selec ion based on he
ZN ene gy is ound o be less biased han o he cen ali y es ima o s, based on he cha ged
pa icle mul iplici y measu emen s a cen al (SPD) o o wa d (V0) pseudo apidi y [33].
The a e age numbe o nucleon-nucleon collisions hNcolli o each ZN-selec ed cen ali y
class is hen ob ained by assuming ha he cha ged pa icle mul iplici y measu ed a cen al
apidi y is p opo ional o he numbe o pa icipan s Npa =Ncoll + 1 [38]. The alues o
hNcolli, used in his analysis, a e epo ed in able 1, oge he wi h hei unce ain ies.
The cen ali y classes used in his analysis co espond o 2–20%, 20–40%, 40–60%,
60–80% and 80–100% o he measu ed c oss sec ion co esponding o he MB igge . Ve y
cen al e en s (0–2%) a e disca ded om he e en sample due o a la ge con amina ion
om pile-up in e ac ions.
The es ima e o he ψ(2S) signal is based on binned likelihood i s o he dimuon in-
a ian mass spec a mµµ co esponding o e en s in he cen ali y anges de ined abo e.
De ails on he p ocedu e, on he i ing unc ions and on he es ima e o sys ema ic unce -
ain ies a e discussed in [22]. The unc ion used in he i is he sum o a con inuum back-
g ound, mainly ela ed o unco ela ed decays om pions and kaons and o semi-lep onic
decays o pai s o had ons wi h open hea y la o , and o esonance shapes co espond-
ing o he J/ψand ψ(2S) mesons. The backg ound is pa ame e ized by a ious empi ical
shapes, di ec ly i ed o he da a. The esonances a e desc ibed by ei he a C ys al Ball
unc ion o a pseudo-gaussian wi h a mass-dependen wid h [39]. The main pa ame e s o
he J/ψline shapes, i.e. mass posi ion and wid h, a e le as ee pa ame e s, while he
non-gaussian ail pa ame e s a e ixed o Mon e-Ca lo (MC) es ima es. The ψ(2S) line
shape pa ame e s, gi en he less a ou able signal o e backg ound, a e ixed ela i e o
hose o he J/ψ, assuming ha he mass di e ence and he wid hs scale acco ding o he
MC esul . The esul s o he i s a e shown in igu e 1.
The quali y o he i s is good, wi h χ2/nd anging om 0.7 o 1.3. The ψ(2S) signal is
isible in all he cen ali y bins, and he signal o e backg ound a io inc eases om cen al
(0.06 o p-Pb and 0.04 o Pb-p) o pe iphe al e en s (0.15 and 0.28, espec i ely). The
numbe o econs uc ed ψ(2S) o he a ious cen ali y bins, Ni
ψ(2S)→µ+µ−, anges om
265±73±32 (i= 2–20%) o 100±29±9 (i= 80–100%) in p-Pb, whe e he i s unce ain y
is s a is ical and he second one is sys ema ic. The co esponding alues o Pb-p a e
– 4 –

JHEP06(2016)050
2
cCoun s pe 50 MeV/
2
10
3
10
4
10
2-20%
= 5.02 TeV
NN
sALICE, p-Pb
>0
T
p<3.53,
cms
y2.03<
/nd = 1.0
2
χ
) = 0.06σS/B (3
2
3
420-40%
/nd = 1.2
2
χ
) = 0.08σS/B (3
2
3
440-60%
/nd = 1.1
2
χ
) = 0.10σS/B (3
2
3
460-80%
/nd = 0.9
2
χ
) = 0.07σS/B (3
2
3
480-100%
/nd = 1.2
2
χ
) = 0.15σS/B (3
2.5 3 3.5 4 4.5
2
10
3
10
4
10
2-20%
>0
T
p<-2.96,
cms
y-4.46<
/nd = 1.2
2
χ
) = 0.04σS/B (3
2.5 3 3.5 4 4.5
2
3
420-40%
/nd = 1.1
2
χ
) = 0.05σS/B (3
2.5 3 3.5 4 4.5
2
3
440-60%
/nd = 1.3
2
χ
) = 0.06σS/B (3
2.5 3 3.5 4 4.5
2
3
460-80%
/nd = 0.7
2
χ
) = 0.12σS/B (3
)
2
c (GeV/
-
µ
+
µ
m
2.5 3 3.5 4 4.5
2
3
480-100%
/nd = 1.2
2
χ
) = 0.28σS/B (3
Figu e 1. Opposi e-sign dimuon in a ian mass spec a in ZN cen ali y classes a o wa d ( op)
and backwa d (bo om) apidi ies. The i cu es shown in ed in he igu e co espond o he sum
o signal and backg ound shapes, he o me being also shown sepa a ely in blue.
141 ±64 ±13 (i= 2–20%) and 65 ±20 ±7 (i= 80–100%). The sys ema ic unce ain ies on
he signal ex ac ion a e gi en by he oo mean squa e o he numbe o ψ(2S) ob ained
in 72 i s co esponding o a ious i ing unc ions o backg ound and signal, o di e en
i ing anges, o a ia ions o he non-gaussian ails o he esonance shape, and o he
ψ(2S) mass esolu ion alues. In p-Pb, he sys ema ic unce ain ies ange be ween 11 and
13% om pe iphe al o cen al e en s (11–21% o Pb-p).
The p oduc o accep ance imes e iciency A× o he ψ(2S) esonance was calcula ed
wi h he MC-based p ocedu e desc ibed in e s. [22,23]. The alues a e he same as quo ed
he e o he cen ali y in eg a ed p oduc ion (0.270 ±0.014 o p-Pb and 0.184 ±0.013 o
Pb-p), since i was e i ied ha he acking e iciency does no depend on he cen ali y o
he collision [27]. The quo ed e o s a e he quad a ic sum o he sys ema ic unce ain ies
on acking, igge and ma ching e iciencies and on he choice o he ψ(2S) pTand yinpu
shapes used in he MC simula ions.
The no maliza ion o he ψ(2S) yield was calcula ed acco ding o he p ocedu e de-
sc ibed in e . [27]. I is based on he e alua ion, o each cen ali y class, o he numbe
o minimum bias e en s as Ni
MB =Fi
2µ/MB ·Ni
2µ, whe e Ni
2µis he numbe o dimuon-
igge ed e en s and Fi
2µ/MB is he in e se o he p obabili y o ha ing a dimuon igge ed
in a MB e en o ha class. The Fi
2µ/MB- alues inc ease om cen al o pe iphe al e en s
and a e 287 ±3 and 694 ±8 o he 2–20% cen ali y class in p-Pb and Pb-p espec i ely.
The co esponding alues o he 80–100% class a e 3291 ±36 and 3338 ±35. The sys-
ema ic unce ain ies quo ed abo e (s a is ical unce ain ies a e negligible) come om he
compa ison ob ained wi h wo sligh ly di e en app oaches in he calcula ion o Fi
2µ/MB,
as de ailed in [27].
– 5 –
JHEP06(2016)050
In he e alua ion o he sys ema ic unce ain ies on Fi
2µ/MB, he p esence o in e ac ion
pile-up was conside ed. Pile-up can lead o a bias in he e alua ion o he cen ali y o
he collision since, o example, he supe posi ion o he signals om wo pe iphe al e en s
in he ZN can ake a mo e cen al e en . The con ibu ion o pile-up was calcula ed by
de ec ing e en s wi h mul iple in e ac ion e ices in he SPD, and checking ia a Mon e-
Ca lo ha he ZN ene gy dis ibu ion can be ep oduced assuming a pile-up p obabili y
co esponding o he obse ed in e ac ion a e. E en s in he 0–2% cen ali y in e al we e
ejec ed, as he pile-up con ibu ion becomes signi ican (∼30%) in ha egion. The e ec
is small bu no negligible in he 2–20% ange, whe e i amoun s o 2.1% (2.6%) o p-Pb
(Pb-p), and becomes <1% going owa ds mo e pe iphe al e en s.
F om he quan i ies desc ibed abo e, he inclusi e c oss sec ion o ψ(2S) p oduc ion
in he cen ali y bin i, imes i s b anching a io o dimuons B.R.ψ(2S)→µµ, was calcula ed
wi h he ollowing exp ession
B.R.ψ(2S)→µ+µ−σi,ψ(2S)
pPb =Ni
ψ(2S)→µ+µ−
(A×)·Ni
MB ×σMB (3.1)
The a io NMB/σMB, whe e NMB is he o al numbe o minimum bias e en s and
σMB is he c oss sec ion o e en s sa is ying he minimum bias igge condi ion, gi es he
in eg a ed luminosi y Lin . The σMB alues we e e alua ed h ough a an de Mee scan
which gi es σpPb
MB = 2.09 ±0.07 b and σPbp
MB = 2.12 ±0.07 b [35]. A de e mina ion o he
luminosi y which makes use o a di e en e e ence p ocess, based on he signals eleased in
aˇ
Ce enko coun e [29], gi es a esul compa ible wi hin 1% [35]. The e o e, an addi ional
1% unce ain y is added o he σMB alues used in he ψ(2S) c oss sec ion de e mina ion.
The compa ison o he ψ(2S) and J/ψp oduc ion c oss sec ions can be pe o med by
calcula ing he a io B.R.ψ(2S)→µ+µ−σψ(2S)/B.R.J/ψ→µ+µ−σJ/ψ. In his way, he unce ain-
ies ela ed o he c oss sec ion no maliza ion and o he econs uc ion e iciency cancel
ou . The J/ψc oss sec ion alues ha en e his a io a e hose epo ed in [27], wi h he
alue o he cen ali y in e al 2–20% ob ained by summing he 2–10% and 10–20% esul s.
This a io can be u he no malized o he co esponding measu emen in pp collisions.
This quan i y, called double a io in he ollowing, gi es di ec access o modi ica ions in
he ψ(2S) p oduc ion ela i e o ha o he J/ψ, going om pp o p-Pb collisions. Due
o he lack o p ecise pp da a a √s= 5.02 TeV, he esul s ob ained a √s= 7 TeV [40]
we e used ins ead. This choice is jus i ied om he ac ha he √s- and y-dependence
o he c oss sec ion a io is known o be weak in he TeV beam ene gy ange. An 8%
sys ema ic unce ain y has been included, co esponding o he maximum es ima ed size
o he a ia ion o he a io be ween he wo ene gies [22].
The es ima e o he nuclea modi ica ion ac o s Qi,ψ(2S)
pPb as a unc ion o cen ali y is
pe o med as he p oduc o he co esponding Qi,J/ψ
pPb o he J/ψ[27] (excep o he 2–20%
cen ali y in e al whe e Qi,J/ψ
pPb was e-compu ed by me ging he 2–10% and 10–20% bins)
and he double a io be ween he ψ(2S) and J/ψc oss sec ions in p-Pb and pp collisions:
Qi,ψ(2S)
pPb =Qi,J/ψ
pPb ·σi,ψ(2S)
pPb
σi,J/ψ
pPb ·σJ/ψ
pp
σψ(2S)
pp
(3.2)
– 6 –
JHEP06(2016)050
Sou ce o unce ain y σψ(2S)
pPb ,Qψ(2S)
pPb σψ(2S)
Pbp ,Qψ(2S)
Pbp
2.03< ycms <3.53 -4.46< ycms <-2.96
T acking e iciency (I) 4 6
T igge e iciency (I) 3 3.4
Ma ching e iciency (I) 1 1
Signal ex ac ion 10.8 −13.4 10.8 −20.9
MC inpu 1.8 2.5
σMB (I) 3.3 3.0
σMB (I,II) 1.6 1.6
Table 2. Sys ema ic unce ain ies, in pe cen age, on he ψ(2S) c oss sec ions and nuclea mod-
i ica ion ac o s. Fo cen ali y-dependen quan i ies, he ange o a ia ion is gi en. Type I un-
ce ain ies a e co ela ed o e cen ali y, while ype II a e co ela ed be ween he o wa d and he
backwa d apidi y egions. When no indica ion is gi en, he unce ain ies a e unco ela ed. The
unce ain y on σMB is ela ed o he ψ(2S) c oss sec ion only.
The unce ain ies a e ob ained combining hose on Qi,J/ψ
pPb [27] wi h hose on he double
a io, a oiding a double coun ing o he J/ψ ela ed unce ain ies. The no a ion Qi,ψ(2S)
pPb ,
a he han he mo e usual Ri,ψ(2S)
pPb , is used in his Le e , o d aw a en ion o possible
esidual biases in he cen ali y de e mina ion, ela ed o he loose co ela ion be ween he
cen ali y es ima o s and he co esponding collision geome y [33].
Table 2summa izes he alues o he sys ema ic unce ain ies on he a ious ing edi-
en s ha en e he c oss sec ion de e mina ion and he calcula ion o he nuclea modi i-
ca ion ac o .
4 Resul s
The ψ(2S) p oduc ion c oss sec ions as a unc ion o he cen ali y o he collision, exp essed
ia hNcolli, a e plo ed in igu e 2(le ). As expec ed, hei alues inc ease wi h hNcolli.
In igu e 2( igh ) he a io B.R.ψ(2S)→µ+µ−σψ(2S)/B.R.J/ψ→µ+µ−σJ/ψ is shown as a
unc ion o hNcolliand compa ed wi h he co esponding alue o pp collisions. Despi e he
la ge unce ain ies, he da a sugges a dec easing end om pe iphe al o cen al e en s, in
pa icula a backwa d apidi y, indica ing a supp ession o he ψ(2S) p oduc ion ela i e
o he J/ψ. While o pe iphe al collisions he c oss sec ion a ios a e consis en wi h he
pp alue, hey become a ac o 2–3 smalle o cen al e en s, in bo h apidi y anges. As
ema ked in sec ion 3, he pp c oss sec ion a io measu ed a √s= 7 TeV has been used,
including an 8% addi ional unce ain y o accoun o i s possible √s- and y-dependence.
The deg ee o supp ession o ψ(2S) is di ec ly quan i ied in igu e 3whe e he double
a io be ween he ψ(2S) and J/ψc oss sec ions in p-Pb and pp collisions is shown. The
esul is compa ed wi h wo heo e ical calcula ions. The i s is based on a scena io whe e
– 7 –
JHEP06(2016)050
〉
coll
N〈
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14
b)µ (y/d
(2S)ψ
cen
σ d⋅B.R.
0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9
1
= 5.02 TeV
NN
sALICE, p-Pb
-
µ
+
µ →(2S) ψInclusi e
< 3.53, global unc.= 6%
cms
y2.03 <
< -2.96, global unc.= 8%
cms
y-4.46 <
〉
coll
N〈
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14
ψJ/
σ
-
µ
+
µ→ψJ/
/B.R.
(2S)ψ
σ
-
µ
+
µ→(2S)ψ
B.R.
0
0.005
0.01
0.015
0.02
0.025
0.03
0.035
0.04
0.045 -
µ
+
µ →(2S) ψ, ψALICE, inclusi e J/
< 3.53, global unc.= 1%
cms
y= 5.02 TeV, 2.03 <
NN
sp-Pb
< -2.96, global unc.= 2%
cms
y= 5.02 TeV, -4.46 <
NN
sp-Pb
< 4 (Eu . Phys. J. C74 (2014))
cms
y= 7 TeV, 2.5 <spp
Figu e 2. Le : ψ(2S) p oduc ion c oss sec ions shown as a unc ion o hNcolli o bo h p-Pb and
Pb-p collisions. Righ : B.R.ψ(2S)→µ+µ−σψ(2S)/B.R.J/ψ→µ+µ−σJ/ψ shown as a unc ion o hNcolliand
compa ed o he pp alue (line), wi h a band ep esen ing i s unce ain y. In bo h igu es, e ical
e o ba s co espond o s a is ical unce ain ies, while he open boxes ep esen he sys ema ic
unce ain ies. The Pb-p poin s a e sligh ly shi ed in hNcolli o imp o e isibili y.
he esonances may be dissocia ed ia in e ac ions wi h he pa ons o had ons p oduced in
he collision in he same apidi y egion (co-mo e s) [11]. The model includes con ibu ions
om nuclea shadowing, based on he EPS09 LO pa ame e iza ion [3], and a co-mo e in-
e ac ion e m, wi h dissocia ion c oss sec ions σco−J/ψ = 0.65 mb and σco−ψ(2S) = 6 mb,
hese alues being ixed om i s o low-ene gy expe imen al da a [41]. The e ec o co-
mo e s is la ge a backwa d apidi y since hei densi y is la ge in ha egion. The
calcula ed co-mo e densi ies a e compa ible wi h he measu ed expe imen al cha ged pa -
icle mul iplici ies [42]. The calcula ion ep oduces well he measu ed alues o he double
a io. Shadowing e ec s a e e y simila o he wo mesons and in his model hey a e
assumed o cancel ou in he double a io, so ha only co-mo e abso p ion plays a ole.
The second model (QGP+HRG) is based on a he mal- a e equa ion amewo k [43] which
also implemen s he dissocia ion o cha monia in a had on esonance gas, including a o-
al o 52 non-s ange and single-s ange meson species, up o a mass o 2 GeV/c2[26].
The i eball e olu ion includes he ansi ion om a sho QGP phase in o he had on
esonance gas, h ough a mixed phase. The shadowing e ec s, implemen ed h ough he
EPS09 pa ame iza ion, cancel ou in he double a io, as in he p e ious model. The esul
o he calcula ion, also shown in igu e 3, is in ai ag eemen wi h he measu ed alues, in
pa icula o cen al collisions. The model unce ain ies a e domina ed by he e alua ion
o he cha monium dissocia ion a es. The ALICE esul is also compa ed o mid- apidi y
(|y|<0.35) PHENIX da a [19] in igu e 3. Rema kably, in spi e o he e y di e en √sNN
and ycms alues, he obse ed pa e ns as a unc ion o cen ali y a e simila . I should also
be no ed ha he PHENIX esul can be quali a i ely desc ibed in a had onic dissocia ion
scena io, as discussed in [11,26].
In igu e 4 he nuclea modi ica ion ac o o ψ(2S) mesons is shown as a unc ion o
cen ali y, sepa a ely o o wa d and backwa d apidi ies. In bo h egions, a end owa ds
an inc easing supp ession can be seen when mo ing om pe iphe al o cen al collisions.
– 8 –
JHEP06(2016)050
[32] ALICE collabo a ion, Measu emen o he C oss Sec ion o Elec omagne ic Dissocia ion
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collisions a √s= 7 TeV,Eu . Phys. J. C 74 (2014) 2974 [a Xi :1403.3648] [INSPIRE].
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– 15 –

JHEP06(2016)050
The ALICE collabo a ion
J. Adam39 , D. Adamo ´a84 , M.M. Agga wal88 , G. Aglie i Rinella35 , M. Agnello110 ,
N. Ag awal47 , Z. Ahammed133 , S. Ahmad18 , S.U. Ahn68 , S. Aiola137 , A. Akindino 54 ,
S.N. Alam133 , D.S.D. Albuque que121 , D. Aleksand o 80 , B. Alessand o110 , D. Alexand e101 ,
R. Al a o Molina63 , A. Alici12 ,104 , A. Alkin3, J.R.M. Alma az119 , J. Alme22 ,37 , T. Al 42 ,
S. Al inpina 22 , I. Al sybee 132 , C. Al es Ga cia P ado120 , C. And ei78 , A. And onic97 ,
V. Anguelo 93 , T. An iˇci´c98 , F. An ino i107 , P. An onioli104 , L. Aphece che113 ,
H. Appelsh¨ause 60 , S. A celli27 , R. A naldi110 , O.W. A nold36 ,94 , I.C. A sene21 ,
M. A slandok60 , B. Audu ie 113 , A. Augus inus35 , R. A e beck97 , M.D. Azmi18 , A. Badal`a106 ,
Y.W. Baek67 , S. Bagnasco110 , R. Bailhache60 , R. Bala91 , S. Balasub amanian137 ,
A. Baldisse i15 , R.C. Ba al57 , A.M. Ba bano26 , R. Ba be a28 , F. Ba ile32 , G.G. Ba na ¨oldi136 ,
L.S. Ba nby35 ,101 , V. Ba e 70 , P. Ba alini7, K. Ba h35 , J. Ba ke117 , E. Ba sch60 ,
M. Basile27 , N. Bas id70 , S. Basu133 , B. Ba hen61 , G. Ba igne113 , A. Ba is a Camejo70 ,
B. Ba yunya66 , P.C. Ba zing21 , I.G. Bea den81 , H. Beck60 ,93 , C. Bedda110 , N.K. Behe a48 ,50 ,
I. Beliko 64 , F. Bellini27 , H. Bello Ma inez2, R. Bellwied122 , R. Belmon 135 ,
E. Belmon -Mo eno63 , V. Belyae 75 , G. Bencedi136 , S. Beole26 , I. Be ceanu78 , A. Be cuci78 ,
Y. Be dniko 86 , D. Be enyi136 , R.A. Be ens53 , D. Be zano35 , L. Be e 35 , A. Bhasin91 ,
I.R. Bha 91 , A.K. Bha i88 , B. Bha acha jee44 , J. Bhom117 ,128 , L. Bianchi122 , N. Bianchi72 ,
C. Bianchin135 , J. Bielˇc´ık39 , J. Bielˇc´ıko ´a84 , A. Bilandzic36 ,81 ,94 , G. Bi o136 , R. Biswas4,
S. Biswas4,79 , S. Bjelog lic53 , J.T. Blai 118 , D. Blau80 , C. Blume60 , F. Bock74 ,93 ,
A. Bogdano 75 , H. Bøggild81 , L. Boldizs´a 136 , M. Bomba a40 , J. Book60 , H. Bo el15 ,
A. Bo isso 96 , M. Bo i83 ,124 , F. Boss´u65 , E. Bo a26 , C. Bou jau81 , P. B aun-Munzinge 97 ,
M. B egan 120 , T. B ei ne 59 , T.A. B oke 60 , T.A. B owning95 , M. B oz39 , E.J. B ucken45 ,
E. B una110 , G.E. B uno32 , D. Budniko 99 , H. Buesching60 , S. Bu alino26 ,35 , P. Buncic35 ,
O. Busch128 , Z. Bu helezi65 , J.B. Bu 16 , J.T. Bux on19 , J. Cabala115 , D. Ca a i35 , X. Cai7,
H. Caines137 , L. Cale o Diaz72 , A. Cali a53 , E. Cal o Villa 102 , P. Came ini25 , F. Ca ena35 ,
W. Ca ena35 , F. Ca nesecchi27 , J. Cas illo Cas ellanos15 , A.J. Cas o125 , E.A.R. Casula24 ,
C. Ceballos Sanchez9, J. Cepila39 , P. Ce ello110 , J. Ce kala115 , B. Chang123 , S. Chapeland35 ,
M. Cha ie 124 , J.L. Cha e 15 , S. Cha opadhyay133 , S. Cha opadhyay100 , A. Chau in36 ,94 ,
V. Chelnoko 3, M. Che ney87 , C. Cheshko 130 , B. Cheynis130 , V. Chiban e Ba oso35 ,
D.D. Chinella o121 , S. Cho50 , P. Chochula35 , K. Choi96 , M. Chojnacki81 , S. Choudhu y133 ,
P. Ch is akoglou82 , C.H. Ch is ensen81 , P. Ch is iansen33 , T. Chujo128 , S.U. Chung96 ,
C. Cicalo105 , L. Ci a elli12 ,27 , F. Cindolo104 , J. Cleymans90 , F. Colama ia32 , D. Colella35 ,55 ,
A. Collu74 , M. Colocci27 , G. Conesa Balbas e71 , Z. Conesa del Valle51 , M.E. Conno s137 ,ii,
J.G. Con e as39 , T.M. Co mie 85 , Y. Co ales Mo ales110 , I. Co ´es Maldonado2, P. Co ese31 ,
M.R. Cosen ino120 , F. Cos a35 , P. C oche 70 , R. C uz Albino11 , E. Cuau le62 ,
L. Cunquei o35 ,61 , T. Dahms36 ,94 , A. Dainese107 , M.C. Danisch93 , A. Danu58 , D. Das100 ,
I. Das100 , S. Das4, A. Dash79 , S. Dash47 , S. De120 , A. De Ca o12 ,30 , G. de Ca aldo103 , C. de
Con i120 , J. de Cu eland42 , A. De Falco24 , D. De G u ola12 ,30 , N. De Ma co110 , S. De
Pasquale30 , A. Deis ing93 ,97 , A. Delo 77 , E. D´enes136 ,i, C. Deplano82 , P. Dhankhe 47 , D. Di
Ba i32 , A. Di Mau o35 , P. Di Nezza72 , M.A. Diaz Co che o10 , T. Die el90 , P. Dillensege 60 ,
R. Di i`a35 , Ø. Dju sland22 , A. Dob in58 ,82 , D. Domenicis Gimenez120 , B. D¨onigus60 ,
O. Do dic21 , T. D ozhzho a60 , A.K. Dubey133 , A. Dubla53 , L. Duc oux130 , P. Dupieux70 ,
R.J. Ehle s137 , D. Elia103 , E. End ess102 , H. Engel59 , E. Epple36 ,94 ,137 , B. E azmus113 ,
I. E demi 60 , F. E ha d 129 , B. Espagnon51 , M. Es ienne113 , S. Esumi128 , J. Eum96 ,
D. E ans101 , S. E dokimo 111 , G. Eyyubo a39 , L. Fabbie i36 ,94 , D. Fab is107 , J. Fai e71 ,
A. Fan oni72 , M. Fasel74 , L. Feldkamp61 , A. Feliciello110 , G. Feo ilo 132 , J. Fe encei84 ,
– 16 –
JHEP06(2016)050
A. Fe n´andez T´ellez2, E.G. Fe ei o17 , A. Fe e i26 , A. Fes an i29 , V.J.G. Feuilla d15 ,70 ,
J. Figiel117 , M.A.S. Figue edo120 ,124 , S. Filchagin99 , D. Finogee 52 , F.M. Fionda24 ,
E.M. Fio e32 , M.G. Fleck93 , M. Flo is35 , S. Foe sch65 , P. Foka97 , S. Fokin80 ,
E. F agiacomo109 , A. F ancescon29 ,35 , U. F anken eld97 , G.G. F onze26 , U. Fuchs35 ,
C. Fu ge 71 , A. Fu s52 , M. Fusco Gi a d30 , J.J. Gaa dhøje81 , M. Gaglia di26 , A.M. Gago102 ,
M. Gallio26 , D.R. Gangadha an74 , P. Gano i89 , C. Gao7, C. Ga aba os97 , E. Ga cia-Solis13 ,
C. Ga giulo35 , P. Gasik36 ,94 , E.F. Gauge 118 , M. Ge main113 , M. Ghea a35 ,58 , P. Ghosh133 ,
S.K. Ghosh4, P. Giano i72 , P. Giubellino35 ,110 , P. Giubila o29 , E. Gladysz-Dziadus117 ,
P. Gl¨assel93 , D.M. Gom´ez Co al63 , A. Gomez Rami ez59 , A.S. Gonzalez35 , V. Gonzalez10 ,
P. Gonz´alez-Zamo a10 , S. Go buno 42 , L. G¨o lich117 , S. Go o ac116 , V. G abski63 ,
O.A. G acho 137 , L.K. G aczykowski134 , K.L. G aham101 , A. G elli53 , A. G igo as35 ,
C. G igo as35 , V. G igo ie 75 , A. G igo yan1, S. G igo yan66 , B. G inyo 3, N. G ion109 ,
J.M. G one eld97 , J.F. G osse-Oe inghaus35 , R. G osso97 , F. Gube 52 , R. Gue nane71 ,
B. Gue zoni27 , K. Gulb andsen81 , T. Gunji127 , A. Gup a91 , R. Gup a91 , R. Haake35 ,
Ø. Haaland22 , C. Hadjidakis51 , M. Haiduc58 , H. Hamagaki127 , G. Hama 136 , J.C. Hamon64 ,
J.W. Ha is137 , A. Ha on13 , D. Ha zi o iadou104 , S. Hayashi127 , S.T. Heckel60 , E. Hellb¨a 60 ,
H. Hels up37 , A. He ghelegiu78 , G. He e a Co al11 , B.A. Hess34 , K.F. He land37 ,
H. Hillemanns35 , B. Hippoly e64 , D. Ho ak39 , R. Hosokawa128 , P. H is o 35 , T.J. Humanic19 ,
N. Hussain44 , T. Hussain18 , D. Hu e 42 , D.S. Hwang20 , R. Ilkae 99 , M. Inaba128 , E. Incani24 ,
M. Ippoli o 75 ,80 , M. I an18 , M. I ano 97 , V. I ano 86 , V. Izuchee 111 , N. Jacazio27 ,
P.M. Jacobs74 , M.B. Jadha 47 , S. Jadlo ska115 , J. Jadlo sky55 ,115 , C. Jahnke120 ,
M.J. Jakubowska134 , H.J. Jang68 , M.A. Janik134 , P.H.S.Y. Jaya a hna122 , C. Jena29 ,
S. Jena122 , R.T. Jimenez Bus aman e97 , P.G. Jones101 , A. Jusko101 , P. Kalinak55 ,
A. Kalwei 35 , J. Kamin60 , J.H. Kang138 , V. Kaplin75 , S. Ka 133 , A. Ka asu Uysal69 ,
O. Ka a iche 52 , T. Ka a iche a52 , L. Ka ayan93 ,97 , E. Ka peche 52 , U. Kebschull59 ,
R. Keidel139 , D.L.D. Keijdene 53 , M. Keil35 , M. Mohisin Khan18 ,iii, P. Khan100 ,
S.A. Khan133 , A. Khanzadee 86 , Y. Kha lo 111 , B. Kileng37 , D.W. Kim43 , D.J. Kim123 ,
D. Kim138 , H. Kim138 , J.S. Kim43 , M. Kim138 , S. Kim20 , T. Kim138 , S. Ki sch42 , I. Kisel42 ,
S. Kisele 54 , A. Kisiel134 , G. Kiss136 , J.L. Klay6, C. Klein60 , J. Klein35 , C. Klein-B¨osing61 ,
S. Klewin93 , A. Kluge35 , M.L. Knichel93 , A.G. Knospe118 ,122 , C. Kobdaj114 , M. Ko a ago35 ,
T. Kollegge 97 , A. Koloj a i132 , V. Kond a ie 132 , N. Kond a ye a75 , E. Kond a yuk111 ,
A. Kone skikh52 , M. Kopcik115 , P. Kos a akis89 , M. Kou 91 , C. Kouzinopoulos35 ,
O. Ko alenko77 , V. Ko alenko132 , M. Kowalski117 , G. Koyi ha a Mee hale eedu47 , I. K ´alik55 ,
A. K a ˇc´ako ´a40 , M. K i da55 ,101 , F. K izek84 , E. K yshen35 ,86 , M. K zewicki42 ,
A.M. Kube a19 , V. Kuˇce a84 , C. Kuhn64 , P.G. Kuije 82 , A. Kuma 91 , J. Kuma 47 ,
L. Kuma 88 , S. Kuma 47 , P. Ku ash ili77 , A. Ku epin52 , A.B. Ku epin52 , A. Ku yakin99 ,
M.J. Kweon50 , Y. Kwon138 , S.L. La Poin e110 , P. La Rocca28 , P. Lad on de Gue a a11 ,
C. Lagana Fe nandes120 , I. Lakomo 35 , R. Langoy41 , K. Lapidus36 ,94 , C. La a59 ,
A. La deux15 , A. La uca26 , E. Laudi35 , R. Lea25 , L. Lea dini93 , G.R. Lee101 , S. Lee138 ,
F. Lehas82 , S. Lehne 112 , R.C. Lemmon83 , V. Len i103 , E. Leog ande53 , I. Le´on Monz´on119 ,
H. Le´on Va gas63 , M. Leoncino26 , P. L´e ai136 , S. Li7,70 , X. Li14 , J. Lien41 , R. Lie a a101 ,
S. Lindal21 , V. Lindens u h42 , C. Lippmann97 , M.A. Lisa19 , H.M. Ljungg en33 ,
D.F. Loda o53 , P.I. Loenne22 , V. Logino 75 , C. Loizides74 , X. Lopez70 , E. L´opez To es9,
A. Lowe136 , P. Lue ig60 , M. Luna don29 , G. Lupa ello25 , T.H. Lu z137 , A. Mae skaya52 ,
M. Mage 35 , S. Mahajan91 , S.M. Mahmood21 , A. Mai e64 , R.D. Majka137 , M. Malae 86 ,
I. Maldonado Ce an es62 , L. Malinina66 ,i , D. Mal’Ke ich54 , P. Malzache 97 , A. Mamono 99 ,
V. Manko80 , F. Manso70 , V. Manza i35 ,103 , M. Ma chisone26 ,65 ,126 , J. Ma eˇs56 ,
G.V. Ma gaglio i25 , A. Ma go i104 , J. Ma gu i53 , A. Ma ´ın97 , C. Ma ke 118 ,
– 17 –
JHEP06(2016)050
M. Ma qua d60 , N.A. Ma in97 , J. Ma in Blanco113 , P. Ma inengo35 , M.I. Ma ´ınez2,
G. Ma ´ınez Ga c´ıa113 , M. Ma inez Ped ei a35 , A. Mas120 , S. Masciocchi97 , M. Mase a26 ,
A. Masoni105 , A. Mas ose io32 , A. Ma yja117 , C. Maye 117 , J. Maze 125 , M.A. Mazzoni108 ,
D. Mcdonald122 , F. Meddi23 , Y. Melikyan75 , A. Menchaca-Rocha63 , E. Meninno30 , J. Me cado
P´e ez93 , M. Me es38 , Y. Miake128 , M.M. Mieskolainen45 , K. Mikhaylo 54 ,66 , L. Milano35 ,74 ,
J. Milose ic21 , A. Mischke53 , A.N. Mish a48 , D. Mi´skowiec97 , J. Mi a133 , C.M. Mi u58 ,
N. Mohammadi53 , B. Mohan y79 , L. Molna 64 , L. Mon a˜no Ze ina11 , E. Mon es10 ,
D.A. Mo ei a De Godoy61 , L.A.P. Mo eno2, S. Mo e o29 , A. Mo eale113 , A. Mo sch35 ,
V. Mucci o a72 , E. Mudnic116 , D. M¨uhlheim61 , S. Muhu i133 , M. Mukhe jee133 ,
J.D. Mulligan137 , M.G. Munhoz120 , R.H. Munze 36 ,60 ,94 , H. Mu akami127 , S. Mu ay65 ,
L. Musa35 , J. Musinsky55 , B. Naik47 , R. Nai 77 , B.K. Nandi47 , R. Nania104 , E. Nappi103 ,
M.U. Na u16 , H. Na al da Luz120 , C. Na ass125 , S.R. Na a o2, K. Nayak79 , R. Nayak47 ,
T.K. Nayak133 , S. Naza enko99 , A. Nedosekin54 , L. Nellen62 , F. Ng122 , M. Nicassio97 ,
M. Niculescu58 , J. Niedziela35 , B.S. Nielsen81 , S. Nikolae 80 , S. Nikulin80 , V. Nikulin86 ,
F. No e ini12 ,104 , P. Nomokono 66 , G. Noo en53 , J.C.C. No is2, J. No man124 , A. Nyanin80 ,
J. Nys and22 , H. Oeschle 93 , S. Oh137 , S.K. Oh67 , A. Ohlson35 , A. Oka an69 , T. Okubo46 ,
L. Olah136 , J. Oleniacz134 , A.C. Oli ei a Da Sil a120 , M.H. Oli e 137 , J. Onde waa e 97 ,
C. Oppedisano110 , R. O a a45 , M. O a ec115 , A. O iz Velasquez62 , A. Oska sson33 ,
J. O winowski117 , K. Oyama76 ,93 , M. Ozdemi 60 , Y. Pachmaye 93 , D. Pagano131 ,
P. Pagano30 , G. Pai´c62 , S.K. Pal133 , J. Pan135 , A.K. Pandey47 , V. Papikyan1,
G.S. Pappala do106 , P. Pa eek48 , W.J. Pa k97 , S. Pa ma 88 , A. Pass eld61 , V. Pa icchio103 ,
R.N. Pa a133 , B. Paul100 ,110 , H. Pei7, T. Pei zmann53 , H. Pe ei a Da Cos a15 ,
D. Pe esunko75 ,80 , E. Pe ez Lezama60 , V. Pesko 60 , Y. Pes o 5, V. Pe ´aˇcek39 , V. Pe o 111 ,
M. Pe o ici78 , C. Pe a28 , S. Piano109 , M. Pikna38 , P. Pillo 113 , L.O.D.L. Pimen el81 ,
O. Pinazza35 ,104 , L. Pinsky122 , D.B. Piya a hna122 , M. P losko´n74 , M. Planinic129 , J. Plu a134 ,
S. Pochybo a136 , P.L.M. Podes a-Le ma119 , M.G. Poghosyan85 ,87 , B. Polich chouk111 ,
N. Poljak129 , W. Poonsawa 114 , A. Pop78 , H. Poppenbo g61 , S. Po eboeu -Houssais70 ,
J. Po e 74 , J. Pospisil84 , S.K. P asad4, R. P eghenella35 ,104 , F. P ino110 , C.A. P uneau135 ,
I. Pshenichno 52 , M. Puccio26 , G. Puddu24 , P. Pujaha i135 , V. Punin99 , J. Pu schke135 ,
H. Q igs ad21 , A. Rache ski109 , S. Raha4, S. Rajpu 91 , J. Rak123 , A. Rako oza ind abe15 ,
L. Ramello31 , F. Rami64 , R. Raniwala92 , S. Raniwala92 , S.S. R¨as¨anen45 , B.T. Rascanu60 ,
D. Ra hee88 , K.F. Read85 ,125 , K. Redlich77 , R.J. Reed135 , A. Rehman22 , P. Reichel 60 ,
F. Reid 35 ,93 , X. Ren7, R. Ren o d 60 , A.R. Reolon72 , A. Reshe in52 , K. Reyge s93 ,
V. Riabo 86 , R.A. Ricci73 , T. Riche 33 , M. Rich e 21 , P. Riedle 35 , W. Riegle 35 , F. Riggi28 ,
C. Ris ea58 , E. Rocco53 , M. Rod ´ıguez Cahuan zi2,11 , A. Rod iguez Manso82 , K. Røed21 ,
E. Rogochaya66 , D. Roh 42 , D. R¨oh ich22 , F. Ronche i35 ,72 , L. Ron le e113 , P. Rosne 70 ,
A. Rossi29 ,35 , F. Roukou akis89 , A. Roy48 , C. Roy64 , P. Roy100 , A.J. Rubio Mon e o10 ,
R. Rui25 , R. Russo26 , B.D. Ruzza107 , E. Ryabinkin80 , Y. Ryabo 86 , A. Rybicki117 ,
S. Saa inen45 , S. Sadhu133 , S. Sado sky111 , K. ˇ
Sa aˇ ´ık35 , B. Sahlmulle 60 , P. Sahoo48 ,
R. Sahoo48 , S. Sahoo57 , P.K. Sahu57 , J. Saini133 , S. Sakai72 , M.A. Saleh135 , J. Salzwedel19 ,
S. Sambyal91 , V. Samsono 86 , L. ˇ
S´ando 55 , A. Sando al63 , M. Sano128 , D. Sa ka 133 ,
N. Sa ka 133 , P. Sa ma44 , E. Scappa one104 , F. Sca lassa a29 , C. Schiaua78 , R. Schicke 93 ,
C. Schmid 97 , H.R. Schmid 34 , M. Schmid 34 , S. Schuchmann60 , J. Schuk a 35 , M. Schulc39 ,
Y. Schu z35 ,113 , K. Schwa z97 , K. Schweda97 , G. Scioli27 , E. Scompa in110 , R. Sco 125 ,
M. ˇ
Se ˇc´ık40 , J.E. Sege 87 , Y. Sekiguchi127 , D. Sekiha a46 , I. Selyuzhenko 97 , K. Senosi65 ,
S. Senyuko 3,35 , E. Se adilla10 ,63 , A. Se cenco58 , A. Shabano 52 , A. Shabe ai113 ,
O. Shadu a3, R. Shahoyan35 , M.I. Shahzad16 , A. Shanga ae 111 , A. Sha ma91 , M. Sha ma91 ,
M. Sha ma91 , N. Sha ma125 , A.I. Sheikh133 , K. Shigaki46 , Q. Shou7, K. Sh eje 9,26 ,
– 18 –
JHEP06(2016)050
Y. Sibi iak80 , S. Siddhan a105 , K.M. Sielewicz35 , T. Siemia czuk77 , D. Sil e my 33 ,
C. Sil es e71 , G. Sima o ic129 , G. Simone i35 , R. Singa aju133 , R. Singh79 , S. Singha79 ,133 ,
V. Singhal133 , B.C. Sinha133 , T. Sinha100 , B. Si a 38 , M. Si a31 , T.B. Skaali21 ,
M. Slupecki123 , N. Smi no 137 , R.J.M. Snellings53 , T.W. Snellman123 , J. Song96 , M. Song138 ,
Z. Song7, F. So amel29 , S. So ensen125 , R.D.de Souza121 , F. Sozzi97 , M. Spacek39 , E. Spi i i72 ,
I. Spu owska117 , M. Spy opoulou-S assinaki89 , J. S achel93 , I. S an58 , P. S ankus85 ,
E. S enlund33 , G. S eyn65 , J.H. S ille 93 , D. S occo113 , P. S men38 , A.A.P. Suaide120 ,
T. Sugi a e46 , C. Sui e51 , M. Suleymano 16 , M. Suljic25 ,i, R. Sul ano 54 , M. ˇ
Sumbe a84 ,
S. Sumowidagdo49 , A. Szabo38 , I. Sza ka38 , A. Szczepankiewicz35 , M. Szymanski134 ,
U. Tabassam16 , J. Takahashi121 , G.J. Tamba e22 , N. Tanaka128 , M. Ta hini51 , M. Ta iq18 ,
M.G. Ta zila78 , A. Tau o35 , G. Tejeda Mu˜noz2, A. Telesca35 , K. Te asaki127 , C. Te e oli29 ,
B. Teyssie 130 , J. Th¨ade 74 , D. Thaku 48 , D. Thomas118 , R. Tieulen 130 , A. Tikhono 52 ,
A.R. Timmins122 , A. Toia60 , S. T ogolo26 , G. T ombe a32 , V. T ubniko 3, W.H. T zaska123 ,
T. Tsuji127 , A. Tumkin99 , R. Tu isi107 , T.S. T e e 21 , K. Ullaland22 , A. U as130 ,
G.L. Usai24 , A. U obicic129 , M. Vala55 , L. Valencia Palomo70 , S. Valle o26 , J. Van De
Maa el53 , J.W. Van Hoo ne35 , M. an Leeuwen53 , T. Vana 84 , P. Vande Vy e35 , D. Va ga136 ,
A. Va gas2, M. Va gyas123 , R. Va ma47 , M. Vasileiou89 , A. Vasilie 80 , A. Vau hie 71 ,
O. V´azquez Doce36 ,94 , V. Veche nin132 , A.M. Veen53 , M. Veldhoen53 , A. Velu e22 ,
E. Ve cellin26 , S. Ve ga a Lim´on2, R. Ve ne 8, M. Ve weij135 , L. Vicko ic116 , J. Viinikainen123 ,
Z. Vilakazi126 , O. Villalobos Baillie101 , A. Villa o o Tello2, A. Vinog ado 80 , L. Vinog ado 132 ,
Y. Vinog ado 99 ,i, T. Vi gili30 , V. Visla icius33 , Y.P. Viyogi133 , A. Vodopyano 66 ,
M.A. V¨olkl93 , K. Voloshin54 , S.A. Voloshin135 , G. Volpe32 ,136 , B. on Halle 35 ,
I. Vo obye 36 ,94 , D. V anic35 ,97 , J. V l´ako ´a40 , B. Vulpescu70 , B. Wagne 22 , J. Wagne 97 ,
H. Wang53 , M. Wang7,113 , D. Wa anabe128 , Y. Wa anabe127 , M. Webe 35 ,112 , S.G. Webe 97 ,
D.F. Weise 93 , J.P. Wessels61 , U. Wes e ho 61 , A.M. Whi ehead90 , J. Wiechula34 , J. Wikne21 ,
G. Wilk77 , J. Wilkinson93 , M.C.S. Williams104 , B. Windelband93 , M. Winn93 , P. Yang7,
S. Yano46 , Z. Yasin16 , Z. Yin7, H. Yokoyama128 , I.-K. Yoo96 , J.H. Yoon50 , V. Yu chenko3,
I. Yushmano 80 , A. Zabo owska134 , V. Zaccolo81 , A. Zaman16 , C. Zampolli35 ,104 ,
H.J.C. Zanoli120 , S. Zapo ozhe s66 , N. Za dosh i101 , A. Za ochen se 132 , P. Z´a ada56 ,
N. Za iyalo 99 , H. Zb oszczyk134 , I.S. Zgu a58 , M. Zhalo 86 , H. Zhang22 , X. Zhang7,74 ,
Y. Zhang7, C. Zhang53 , Z. Zhang7, C. Zhao21 , N. Zhiga e a54 , D. Zhou7, Y. Zhou81 ,
Z. Zhou22 , H. Zhu22 , J. Zhu7,113 , A. Zichichi12 ,27 , A. Zimme mann93 ,
M.B. Zimme mann35 ,61 , G. Zino je 3, M. Zyzak42
iDeceased
ii Also a : Geo gia S a e Uni e si y, A lan a, Geo gia, Uni ed S a es
iii Also a : Depa men o Applied Physics, Aliga h Muslim Uni e si y, Aliga h, India
i Also a : M.V. Lomonoso Moscow S a e Uni e si y, D.V. Skobel syn Ins i u e o Nuclea , Physics,
Moscow, Russia
1A.I. Alikhanyan Na ional Science Labo a o y (Ye e an Physics Ins i u e) Founda ion, Ye e an,
A menia
2Benem´e i a Uni e sidad Au ´onoma de Puebla, Puebla, Mexico
3Bogolyubo Ins i u e o Theo e ical Physics, Kie , Uk aine
4Bose Ins i u e, Depa men o Physics and Cen e o As opa icle Physics and Space Science
(CAPSS), Kolka a, India
5Budke Ins i u e o Nuclea Physics, No osibi sk, Russia
6Cali o nia Poly echnic S a e Uni e si y, San Luis Obispo, Cali o nia, Uni ed S a es
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JHEP06(2016)050
7Cen al China No mal Uni e si y, Wuhan, China
8Cen e de Calcul de l’IN2P3, Villeu banne, F ance
9Cen o de Aplicaciones Tecnol´ogicas y Desa ollo Nuclea (CEADEN), Ha ana, Cuba
10 Cen o de In es igaciones Ene g´e icas Medioambien ales y Tecnol´ogicas (CIEMAT), Mad id, Spain
11 Cen o de In es igaci´on y de Es udios A anzados (CINVESTAV), Mexico Ci y and M´e ida, Mexico
12 Cen o Fe mi - Museo S o ico della Fisica e Cen o S udi e Rice che “En ico Fe mi”, Rome, I aly
13 Chicago S a e Uni e si y, Chicago, Illinois, U.S.A.
14 China Ins i u e o A omic Ene gy, Beijing, China
15 Commissa ia `a l’Ene gie A omique, IRFU, Saclay, F ance
16 COMSATS Ins i u e o In o ma ion Technology (CIIT), Islamabad, Pakis an
17 Depa amen o de F´ısica de Pa ´ıculas and IGFAE, Uni e sidad de San iago de Compos ela,
San iago de Compos ela, Spain
18 Depa men o Physics, Aliga h Muslim Uni e si y, Aliga h, India
19 Depa men o Physics, Ohio S a e Uni e si y, Columbus, Ohio, Uni ed S a es
20 Depa men o Physics, Sejong Uni e si y, Seoul, Sou h Ko ea
21 Depa men o Physics, Uni e si y o Oslo, Oslo, No way
22 Depa men o Physics and Technology, Uni e si y o Be gen, Be gen, No way
23 Dipa imen o di Fisica dell’Uni e si `a ‘La Sapienza’ and Sezione INFN Rome, I aly
24 Dipa imen o di Fisica dell’Uni e si `a and Sezione INFN, Caglia i, I aly
25 Dipa imen o di Fisica dell’Uni e si `a and Sezione INFN, T ies e, I aly
26 Dipa imen o di Fisica dell’Uni e si `a and Sezione INFN, Tu in, I aly
27 Dipa imen o di Fisica e As onomia dell’Uni e si `a and Sezione INFN, Bologna, I aly
28 Dipa imen o di Fisica e As onomia dell’Uni e si `a and Sezione INFN, Ca ania, I aly
29 Dipa imen o di Fisica e As onomia dell’Uni e si `a and Sezione INFN, Pado a, I aly
30 Dipa imen o di Fisica ‘E.R. Caianiello’ dell’Uni e si `a and G uppo Collega o INFN, Sale no, I aly
31 Dipa imen o di Scienze e Inno azione Tecnologica dell’Uni e si `a del Piemon e O ien ale and
G uppo Collega o INFN, Alessand ia, I aly
32 Dipa imen o In e a eneo di Fisica ‘M. Me lin’ and Sezione INFN, Ba i, I aly
33 Di ision o Expe imen al High Ene gy Physics, Uni e si y o Lund, Lund, Sweden
34 Ebe ha d Ka ls Uni e si ¨a T¨ubingen, T¨ubingen, Ge many
35 Eu opean O ganiza ion o Nuclea Resea ch (CERN), Gene a, Swi ze land
36 Excellence Clus e Uni e se, Technische Uni e si ¨a M¨unchen, Munich, Ge many
37 Facul y o Enginee ing, Be gen Uni e si y College, Be gen, No way
38 Facul y o Ma hema ics, Physics and In o ma ics, Comenius Uni e si y, B a isla a, Slo akia
39 Facul y o Nuclea Sciences and Physical Enginee ing, Czech Technical Uni e si y in P ague,
P ague, Czech Republic
40 Facul y o Science, P.J. ˇ
Sa ´a ik Uni e si y, Koˇsice, Slo akia
41 Facul y o Technology, Buske ud and Ves old Uni e si y College, Ves old, No way
42 F ank u Ins i u e o Ad anced S udies, Johann Wol gang Goe he-Uni e si ¨a F ank u ,
F ank u , Ge many
43 Gangneung-Wonju Na ional Uni e si y, Gangneung, Sou h Ko ea
44 Gauha i Uni e si y, Depa men o Physics, Guwaha i, India
45 Helsinki Ins i u e o Physics (HIP), Helsinki, Finland
46 Hi oshima Uni e si y, Hi oshima, Japan
47 Indian Ins i u e o Technology Bombay (IIT), Mumbai, India
48 Indian Ins i u e o Technology Indo e, Indo e (IITI), India
49 Indonesian Ins i u e o Sciences, Jaka a, Indonesia
50 Inha Uni e si y, Incheon, Sou h Ko ea
51 Ins i u de Physique Nucl´eai e d’O say (IPNO), Uni e si ´e Pa is-Sud, CNRS-IN2P3, O say, F ance
52 Ins i u e o Nuclea Resea ch, Academy o Sciences, Moscow, Russia
53 Ins i u e o Suba omic Physics o U ech Uni e si y, U ech , Ne he lands
54 Ins i u e o Theo e ical and Expe imen al Physics, Moscow, Russia
– 20 –

JHEP06(2016)050
55 Ins i u e o Expe imen al Physics, Slo ak Academy o Sciences, Koˇsice, Slo akia
56 Ins i u e o Physics, Academy o Sciences o he Czech Republic, P ague, Czech Republic
57 Ins i u e o Physics, Bhubaneswa , India
58 Ins i u e o Space Science (ISS), Bucha es , Romania
59 Ins i u ¨u In o ma ik, Johann Wol gang Goe he-Uni e si ¨a F ank u , F ank u , Ge many
60 Ins i u ¨u Ke nphysik, Johann Wol gang Goe he-Uni e si ¨a F ank u , F ank u , Ge many
61 Ins i u ¨u Ke nphysik, Wes ¨alische Wilhelms-Uni e si ¨a M¨uns e , M¨uns e , Ge many
62 Ins i u o de Ciencias Nuclea es, Uni e sidad Nacional Au ´onoma de M´exico, Mexico Ci y, Mexico
63 Ins i u o de F´ısica, Uni e sidad Nacional Au ´onoma de M´exico, Mexico Ci y, Mexico
64 Ins i u Plu idisciplinai e Hube Cu ien (IPHC), Uni e si ´e de S asbou g, CNRS-IN2P3,
S asbou g, F ance
65 iThemba LABS, Na ional Resea ch Founda ion, Some se Wes , Sou h A ica
66 Join Ins i u e o Nuclea Resea ch (JINR), Dubna, Russia
67 Konkuk Uni e si y, Seoul, Sou h Ko ea
68 Ko ea Ins i u e o Science and Technology In o ma ion, Daejeon, Sou h Ko ea
69 KTO Ka a ay Uni e si y, Konya, Tu key
70 Labo a oi e de Physique Co pusculai e (LPC), Cle mon Uni e si ´e, Uni e si ´e Blaise Pascal,
CNRS–IN2P3, Cle mon -Fe and, F ance
71 Labo a oi e de Physique Suba omique e de Cosmologie, Uni e si ´e G enoble-Alpes, CNRS-IN2P3,
G enoble, F ance
72 Labo a o i Nazionali di F asca i, INFN, F asca i, I aly
73 Labo a o i Nazionali di Legna o, INFN, Legna o, I aly
74 Law ence Be keley Na ional Labo a o y, Be keley, Cali o nia, Uni ed S a es
75 Moscow Enginee ing Physics Ins i u e, Moscow, Russia
76 Nagasaki Ins i u e o Applied Science, Nagasaki, Japan
77 Na ional Cen e o Nuclea S udies, Wa saw, Poland
78 Na ional Ins i u e o Physics and Nuclea Enginee ing, Bucha es , Romania
79 Na ional Ins i u e o Science Educa ion and Resea ch, Bhubaneswa , India
80 Na ional Resea ch Cen e Ku cha o Ins i u e, Moscow, Russia
81 Niels Boh Ins i u e, Uni e si y o Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denma k
82 Nikhe , Na ionaal ins i uu oo suba omai e ysica, Ams e dam, Ne he lands
83 Nuclea Physics G oup, STFC Da esbu y Labo a o y, Da esbu y, Uni ed Kingdom
84 Nuclea Physics Ins i u e, Academy o Sciences o he Czech Republic, ˇ
Reˇz u P ahy, Czech Republic
85 Oak Ridge Na ional Labo a o y, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, Uni ed S a es
86 Pe e sbu g Nuclea Physics Ins i u e, Ga china, Russia
87 Physics Depa men , C eigh on Uni e si y, Omaha, Neb aska, Uni ed S a es
88 Physics Depa men , Panjab Uni e si y, Chandiga h, India
89 Physics Depa men , Uni e si y o A hens, A hens, G eece
90 Physics Depa men , Uni e si y o Cape Town, Cape Town, Sou h A ica
91 Physics Depa men , Uni e si y o Jammu, Jammu, India
92 Physics Depa men , Uni e si y o Rajas han, Jaipu , India
93 Physikalisches Ins i u , Rup ech -Ka ls-Uni e si ¨a Heidelbe g, Heidelbe g, Ge many
94 Physik Depa men , Technische Uni e si ¨a M¨unchen, Munich, Ge many
95 Pu due Uni e si y, Wes La aye e, Indiana, Uni ed S a es
96 Pusan Na ional Uni e si y, Pusan, Sou h Ko ea
97 Resea ch Di ision and Ex eMe Ma e Ins i u e EMMI, GSI Helmhol zzen um ¨u
Schwe ionen o schung, Da ms ad , Ge many
98 Rudje Boˇsko i´c Ins i u e, Zag eb, C oa ia
99 Russian Fede al Nuclea Cen e (VNIIEF), Sa o , Russia
100 Saha Ins i u e o Nuclea Physics, Kolka a, India
101 School o Physics and As onomy, Uni e si y o Bi mingham, Bi mingham, Uni ed Kingdom
102 Secci´on F´ısica, Depa amen o de Ciencias, Pon i icia Uni e sidad Ca ´olica del Pe ´u, Lima, Pe u
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103 Sezione INFN, Ba i, I aly
104 Sezione INFN, Bologna, I aly
105 Sezione INFN, Caglia i, I aly
106 Sezione INFN, Ca ania, I aly
107 Sezione INFN, Pado a, I aly
108 Sezione INFN, Rome, I aly
109 Sezione INFN, T ies e, I aly
110 Sezione INFN, Tu in, I aly
111 SSC IHEP o NRC Ku cha o ins i u e, P o ino, Russia
112 S e an Meye Ins i u ¨u Suba oma e Physik (SMI), Vienna, Aus ia
113 SUBATECH, Ecole des Mines de Nan es, Uni e si ´e de Nan es, CNRS-IN2P3, Nan es, F ance
114 Su ana ee Uni e si y o Technology, Nakhon Ra chasima, Thailand
115 Technical Uni e si y o Koˇsice, Koˇsice, Slo akia
116 Technical Uni e si y o Spli FESB, Spli , C oa ia
117 The Hen yk Niewodniczanski Ins i u e o Nuclea Physics, Polish Academy o Sciences, C acow,
Poland
118 The Uni e si y o Texas a Aus in, Physics Depa men , Aus in, Texas, U.S.A.
119 Uni e sidad Au ´onoma de Sinaloa, Culiac´an, Mexico
120 Uni e sidade de S˜ao Paulo (USP), S˜ao Paulo, B azil
121 Uni e sidade Es adual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, B azil
122 Uni e si y o Hous on, Hous on, Texas, Uni ed S a es
123 Uni e si y o Jy ¨askyl¨a, Jy ¨askyl¨a, Finland
124 Uni e si y o Li e pool, Li e pool, Uni ed Kingdom
125 Uni e si y o Tennessee, Knox ille, Tennessee, Uni ed S a es
126 Uni e si y o he Wi wa e s and, Johannesbu g, Sou h A ica
127 Uni e si y o Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
128 Uni e si y o Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
129 Uni e si y o Zag eb, Zag eb, C oa ia
130 Uni e si ´e de Lyon, Uni e si ´e Lyon 1, CNRS/IN2P3, IPN-Lyon, Villeu banne, F ance
131 Uni e si `a di B escia
132 V. Fock Ins i u e o Physics, S . Pe e sbu g S a e Uni e si y, S . Pe e sbu g, Russia
133 Va iable Ene gy Cyclo on Cen e, Kolka a, India
134 Wa saw Uni e si y o Technology, Wa saw, Poland
135 Wayne S a e Uni e si y, De oi , Michigan, Uni ed S a es
136 Wigne Resea ch Cen e o Physics, Hunga ian Academy o Sciences, Budapes , Hunga y
137 Yale Uni e si y, New Ha en, Connec icu , Uni ed S a es
138 Yonsei Uni e si y, Seoul, Sou h Ko ea
139 Zen um ¨u Technologie ans e und Telekommunika ion (ZTT), Fachhochschule Wo ms, Wo ms,
Ge many
– 22 –