Anales del Ja dín Bo ánico de Mad id 74 (2): e060 h p://dx.doi.o g/10.3989/ajbm.2472
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On he iden i y o Helian hemum ma hezii and
H. pome idianum (Cis aceae)
Abela do Apa icio 1,* & Ra ael G. Albaladejo 2
1,2 Dep . o Plan Biology and Ecology, Uni e sidad de Se illa, Spain
* Co esponding au ho : [email p o ec ed], h p://o cid.o g/0000-0001-7122-4421
2 [email p o ec ed], h p://o cid.o g/0000-0003-2101-5204
Abs ac . The o iginal desc ip ion o Helian hemum ma hezii ega ded
he species o be a he ophy e. Howe e , he de ailed obse a ion o he
holo ype o H. ma hezii, as well as newly collec ed specimens om he
ype locali y, does no suppo i s condi ion o annual plan . Fu he s udy
has led o he conclusion ha all hese plan s can eadily be iden i ied as
H. pome idianum; he desc ip ions o H. ma hezii and H. pome idianum
a e equi alen excep o he habi , being he o me annual and he
la e su u icose. We show in his s udy ha H. ma hezii is o be
conside ed a synonym o H. pome idianum, and epo a new locali y
o H. pome idianum in Mo occo. Also, we p o ide he i s ch omosome
coun o his species (2n = 22) which emphasizes he close ela ionship
o H. pome idianum o H. subgen. Plec olobum.
Keywo ds. Ch omosome coun , Cis aceae, Helian hemum ma hezii,
Helian hemum pome idianum, axonomy.
Resumen. En la desc ipción o iginal de Helian hemum ma hezii se
conside a es a especie como un e o i o. Sin emba go, la obse ación
minuciosa de su holo ipo, así como de o os especímenes ecien emen e
ecolec ados en la misma localidad del ipo, sugie e que no se a a
de una plan a anual. Concluimos que es as plan as pueden se bien
iden i icadas como H. pome idianum; las desc ipciones de H. ma hezii
y H. pome idianum son simila es excep o en lo e e ido a su hábi o, la
p ime a supues amen e es una plan a anual y la segunda su u icosa.
Así pues, aquí ecomendamos conside a H. ma hezii como sinónimo
de H. pome idianum, y ci amos una localidad nue a de es a especie en
Ma uecos. Además, damos cuen a del p ime ecuen o de c omosomas
e ec uado pa a la misma (2n = 22), que demues a la es echa a inidad de
H. pome idianum y H. subgen. Plec olobum.
Palab as cla e. Cis aceae, Helian hemum ma hezii, Helian hemum
pome idianum, ecuen o de c omosomas, axonomía.
Apa icio A. & Albaladejo R.G. 2017. On he iden i y o Helian hemum ma hezii and H. pome idianum (Cis aceae). Anales Ja d. Bo . Mad id 74(2):
e060. h p://dx.doi.o g/10.3989/ajbm.2472
Tí ulo en español: Ace ca de la iden idad de Helian hemum ma hezii y H. pome idianum (Cis aceae).
Recei ed: 27‒II‒2017; accep ed: 25‒V‒2017; published online: 26-X-2017; Associa e Edi o : C. Aedo.
INTRODUCTION
Dobigna d (2009) desc ibed H. ma hezii Dobigna d
—Cis aceae Juss.— om a single locali y om he
Mo occan High A las —Ta oudan p o ince— as a
20–35 cm all, much-b anched, and glandula -hai y
annual plan . This au ho s a ed ha , despi e i s appa en
mo phological esemblance o H. salici olium (L.) Mill.
(H. subg. Helian hemum), H. ma hezii should be asc ibed
o H. sec . A lan hemum (Raynaud) G. López & al.
(H. subg. Plec olobum Willk.) due o i s glandula and
p ominen ly 5–7- eined inne sepals ha esembled hose
o H. sanguineum (Lag.) Lag. ex Dunal. Dobigna d (2009)
also epo ed ha his species inhabi ed we a e ine
deposi s accompanied by Fee ia angus i olia Buse and
Eupho bia ima um Coss. & Balansa, among o he species.
Thus desc ibed, H. ma hezii cons i u ed a e y in e es ing
species inasmuch as i was he only Helian hemum species
inhabi ing a we habi a (c . A ing on & Kubi zki 2003),
and he only annual species in he genus wi h such a
es ic ed dis ibu ion (c . P oc o & Heywood 1968;
G eu e & al. 1984), u he included in he checklis o
No h A ican endemic plan species (El Oualidi & al. 2012).
Consequen ly, as pa o a comp ehensi e phylogene ic
s udy o he genus Helian hemum (Apa icio & al. 2017),
we conside ed o in e es o pe o m a new collec ion and a
de ailed s udy o H. ma hezii.
MATERIAL AND METHODS
To do so, we isi ed he ype locali y o H. ma hezii,
a “pis e d’accès au pla eau du J. Tichka al . c. 1100 m,
30°47'18 N, –8°40'73 W” (Dobigna d 2009), o su ey he
species. Fo he ch omosome numbe de e mina ion we
collec ed ma u ed seeds ha we e disposed o ge mina ion
in Pe i dishes. Then, oo ips we e imme sed in chilling
wa e a 0 ºC o 24 h, hen ixed in 1:3 glacial ace ic acid
and absolu e e hanol o 3 h. They we e inally s ained in
alcoholic hyd ochlo ic acid-ca mine o 48 h and squashed
in 45% ace ic acid.
No ype specimen o H. pome idianum Dunal has been
obse ed. Ne e heless, H. pome idianum has been many
imes collec ed by di e en au ho s in i s Alge ian locus
A. Apa icio & R.G. Albaladejo
2
Anales del Ja dín Bo ánico de Mad id 74 (2): e060. h p://dx.doi.o g/10.3989/ajbm.2472
classicus —ci ca O an, Djebel San o—, and ouche s a e
a ailable on-line a he Muséum Na ionale D’His o ie
Na u elle —MNHN—. We lis he s udied ones in
appendix 1, all iden i ied as H. pome idianum.
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
Du ing ou ield ip o he ype locali y, we ound a
popula ion in eg a ed by abou 30 indi idual plan s eadily
iden i iable as H. ma hezii, o he han o he ac ha hese
specimens, albei ha ing slende b anches, we e pe ennial
su u icose plan s ( ig. 1). Mo eo e , hey we e loca ed
in a sunny d y a ea on he op o a calca eous a e ine
deposi accompanied by Mic ome ia hoch eu ine i Mai e
and La andula mul i ida L. a he han in he we e ical
un-o a ea o he same a e ine ou c op, whe e Fee ia
angus i olia and species o Eupho bia L., Campanula L.,
and E odium L'Hé . we e common.
The de ailed obse a ion o he holo ype o H. ma hezii
( ig. 2), as well as he igu e no. 7 o he o iginal desc ip ion
o he species (Dobigna d 2009), does no p o ide
conclusi e e idence ha H. ma hezii is a he ophy e since
he oo sys em canno be obse ed, a ac clea ly e iden
in he specimens o H. sanguineum and H. salici olium
he ein included o illus a ion —no shown he e—.
Mo eo e , he analysis o he Dobigna d’s ma e ial and
ou newly collec ed plan s, ollowing Quézel & San a
(1962) and Fennane & al. (1999), has esul ed in ha all
hese plan s can be iden i ied as H. pome idianum. Fu he
s udy has also shown ha he desc ip ion o H. ma hezii is
equi alen o ha o H. pome idianum excep o i s habi
— he o me annual, he la e su u icose— since bo h
desc ip ions depic glandula plan s which ha e: 1) slende
b anches bea ing e y sho ly pe iola e, exs ipula e,
la , o a e-lanceola e lea es ma kedly eined benea h
— alsely s ipula e because o he p esence o small axilla y
c owded lea es—; 2) e y loosely a anged lowe s in
glandula e minal cymes composed by a ew pedicella e
and b ac ea e soli a y lowe s; 3) inne sepals 4–6 ×
2 mm, s ia e wi h p ominen eins; 4) s amens nume ous;
5) pubescen o a y bea ing a sho capi a e s yle; 6) capsule
sho e han he inne sepals, glab ous, wi h cilia e ma gins
a he apex (Dunal 1847; Willkomm 1856; Dobigna d
2009). O e all, hese a gumen s show ha H. ma hezii is a
synonym o H. pome idianum, and ha bo h Dobigna d’s
specimen —G 00441364— and ou own collec ion
—SEV 286762 (Mo occo: Ta oudan , be ween
Sidi Abdellah Oussaid and Alegjane, 1100 m a.s.l.,
30°47'10.38" N, 8°40'43.74" W, 13 No . 2016, A.
Apa icio & FJ. Apa icio s.n.— a e o be ega ded as a new
locali y o H. pome idianum in Mo occo.
Helian hemum pome idianum is a a he poo ly known
No h A ican endemic species (El Oualidi & al. 2012),
which was o iginally desc ibed, and many imes collec ed
by di e en au ho s, om a ound O an —Djebel San o,
San a C uz— in Alge ia. To da e, H. pome idianum has
also been eco ded in Melilla (Caballe o 1917), he T a a
Moun ains, also in he no he n Alge ia (Medjahdi & al.
2009), and in a ew a away loca ions in he Mo occan
High A las a ea, be ween Ta oudan and Ma akech
—RAB 078906, MA 472377 (P 04729082 pho o!), MGC
80897 (MA 321784–1!)— (Fö he & Podlech 2002;
GBIF 2016; SEV 225757! om he sou he n Alge ia
is a misiden i ica ion o H. lippii (L.) Dum.-Cou s.).
Taxonomically, H. pome idianum was asc ibed by Dunal o
H. sec . Halimium Dunal, bu Pomel (1860: 11) o mula ed
he species sub Rhodax pome idianus Pomel. Willkomm
(1856) and G osse (1903) e-asc ibed he species o
H. sec . E ioca pum Dunal (H. subg. Helian hemum), bu
Quézel & San a (1962) included i in H. sec . Chamaecis us
Willk. o H. subg. Plec olobum. Phylogene ic da a
(Apa icio & al. 2017) has e ealed an unexpec ed close
ela ionship be ween H. pome idianum and H. lunula um
DC., a dwa sh ub ound only in he Ma i ime and
Ligu ian Alps (Ba be o 1966) ha is he only membe o
H. sec . Macula ia Dunal in H. subg. Plec olobum. This
inding igge s u he biogeog aphical in e es since i
may e eal a majo in e con inen al disjunc ion du ing he
ea ly di e si ica ion o H. subg. Plec olobum in he Uppe
Pliocene and ha geog aphical ica iance migh ep esen
Fig. 1. Specimen o Helian hemum pome idianum Dunal
(SEV 286762).
On he iden i y o Helian hemum ma hezii and H. pome idianum 3
Anales del Ja dín Bo ánico de Mad id 74 (2): e060. h p://dx.doi.o g/10.3989/ajbm.2472
Fig. 2. Holo ype o Helian hemum ma hezii Dobigna d (G 00441364).
A. Apa icio & R.G. Albaladejo
4
Anales del Ja dín Bo ánico de Mad id 74 (2): e060. h p://dx.doi.o g/10.3989/ajbm.2472
an impo an specia ion o ce in his lineage; indeed, he
i s ch omosome coun o H. pome idianum ob ained
om plan s om his new Mo occan locali y (2n = 22;
ig. 3) p o ides addi ional suppo and emphasizes he
ela ionship o his species o H. subg. Plec olobum
(c . Rice & al. 2015).
Finally, we we e unable o ex ac DNA om a lea
sample o he ype specimen o H. ma hezii p o ided by
he ba ium G despi e we ollowed wo s anda d —and
sligh ly modi ied— DNA ex ac ion p o ocols: In iso b
Spin Plan Mini Ki —S a ec— and Isola e II Plan DNA-
ki —Bioline—. Consequen ly, his accession could no be
included in he phylogene ic analysis o Helian hemum,
bu in he phylogene ic analyses ou samples collec ed
in ype locali y —SEV 286762— clus e ed wi h o he
Mo occan accessions o H. pome idianum Dunal and
main ained he suppo ed sis e - axa ela ionship be ween
H. pome idianum and H. lunula um (Apa icio & al. 2017).
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
We acknowledge Alan Dobigna d and he He ba ium Gena ense o
coope a ion in his s udy. The p ojec has been unded by he Spanish
Minis e io de Economía y Compe i i idad (CGL2014–52459-P). We also
hank Mike Lockwood o e iewing he English s yle and an anonymous
e iewe o help ul commen a ies.
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APPENDIX 1. S udied ma e ial o H. pome idianum.
ALGERIA. O an: Balansa (P 06686325 pho o!); ibid., 1842, Cosson (P
06686319 pho o!); ibid., Du ando (P 06686313 pho o!, P 06686330 pho o!); ibid.,
1842, Du ieu (P 06686306 pho o!, P 06686307 pho o!); ibid., 1849, Reu e (P
06686308 pho o!); ibid., 1850, Gouge (P 06686309 pho o!); ibid., 1842, Pomel
(P 06686326 pho o!); ibid., 1861, Pomel (P 06686310 pho o!, P06686303 pho o!,
P 04747844 pho o!, P 06686327 pho o!); ibid., 1842, Spach (P 06686311 pho o!);
ibid., San a C uz, 1905, s. coll. (P 04750429 pho o!); ibid., 1947, Che assu (P
04637966 pho o!); ibid., 1918, D'Alleize e (P 04637967 pho o!); ibid., 1912,
D'Alleize e (P 06686322 pho o!); ibid., 1887, Luize (P 06686316 pho o!); ibid.,
1930, Fau e (P 06686328 pho o!); ibid., 1930, Senay (P 04729081 pho o!); ibid.,
Djebel Mu djadjo, 1894, Doume gue (P 04637877 pho o!); ibid., 1905, Fau e (P
06686304 pho o!, P 06686331 pho o!, P 06686332 pho o!, P 06686336 pho o!);
ibid., 1906, Fau e (P 06686337 pho o!); ibid., 1952, San a, Daumas & Re z (P
04637876 pho o!, P 04729083 pho o!, P 04637968 pho o!); ibid., Djebel San o,
1852, Balansa (P 06686317 pho o!, P 06686318 pho o!, P 06686334 pho o!, P
06686324 pho o!); ibid., 1882, Debeaux (P 06686296 pho o!, P 06686333 pho o!);
ibid., 1887, Ga igues (P 06686320 pho o!, P 06686321 pho o!); ibid., 1850, Munby
(P 06686312 pho o!, P 06686315 pho o!); ibid., Munby (P 06686323 pho o!); ibid.,
1849, Reu e (P 06686329 pho o!); ibid., 1914, Ro e eau (P 06686314 pho o!).
Fig. 3. Mi o ic me aphase o Helian hemum pome idianum
Dunal (SEV 286762).