160 2015, XVIII, 3 DOI: 10.15240/ ul/001/2015-3-014
In o mační managemen
In oduc ion
This pape desc ibes he cha ac e is ics
and p inciples o he MBI (Managemen o
Business In o ma ics) model de eloped a
he Depa men o In o ma ion Technologies,
Uni e si y o Economics in P ague. The aim
o he MBI model is o o e IT p o essionals
in cha ge o in o ma ion echnology
managemen in o ganiza ions a comp ehensi e
me hodological suppo based on indus y bes
p ac ices. An applica ion o his model b ings
along he po en ial o inc ease an o e all IT
e ec i eness, imp o e IT go e nance and
IT se ices e i ciency, and u he mo e esul
in a be e business pe o mance. The MBI
model comp ises impo an ela ionships and
a ibu es ele an o in o ma ion sys ems
managemen and in addi ion p o ides
a sui able me hodological basis o uni e si y
cou ses ocused on Business In o ma ics and
IT P ojec Managemen . The pape is o ganized
as ollows. Fi s ly, cu en issues in Business
In o ma ics Managemen a e desc ibed in
sec ion 1 ollowed by an o e iew o a p esen
s a us in he Czech Republic. Sec ion 2
in oduces a concep o he MBI model including
i s p inciples and me a-model. Fu he , a ious
model ypes wi hin he MBI a ea a e p esen ed
in sec ion 3. Sec ion 4 hen ou lines a pilo
applica ion o he MBI model. Las ly, concluding
ema ks and u u e esea ch a e p esen ed.
1. Cu en Issues in Business
In o ma ics
In o ma ion Sys ems (IS) is a scien i i c
discipline wi h a global each ha in es iga es
a de elopmen , use, and impac o in o ma ion
and communica ion echnologies (ICT).
Business In o ma ics (BI) as such cons i u es
a majo scien i i c communi y wi hin he IS
discipline acco ding o [7]. Business In o ma ics
cu en ly ep esen s a dominan IS communi y
wi hin he Ge man-speaking coun ies (Aus ia,
Ge many, Swi ze land) and is bes cha ac e ized
by i s s ong connec ion o indus y especially
ocused on enginee ing [7].
Managemen o business in o ma ics has
been in he spo ligh o esea che s and IT
p ac i ione s om all o e he wo ld o a numbe
o decades. Howe e , a ising complexi y and
he e ogenei y o echnological in as uc u e and
en e p ise applica ions oge he wi h he g owing
possibili ies o in o ma ion se ice p o ision
ha e con ibu ed o a demanding managemen
o business in o ma ics. In pa icula , di e se
op ions o IT se ice p o ision, i.e. excep
s anda d ou sou cing o selec ed applica ions
and se ices also a ious cloud compu ing
models such as So wa e as a Se ice (SaaS),
Pla o m as a Se ice (PaaS) and In as uc u e
as a Se ice (IaaS), signi i can ly inc ease
he numbe o s akeholde s and business
ela ionships a company may ha e. Nowadays,
company managemen expec s an imp o ed
e ec i eness and educed cos s associa ed
wi h IT se ices p o ision o cing IT execu i es
o seek be e me hods o business in o ma ics
managemen . Such a need o imp o e quali y
o business in o ma ics managemen has led o
a de elopmen o nume ous app oaches. We
discuss hese app oaches and he challenges
o ganiza ions ace in hei implemen a ion in
he ollowing sec ion.
1.1 Exis ing App oaches
o Managemen o Business
In o ma ics
Inc easing equi emen s on he ex en and
quali y o business in o ma ics managemen
ha e esul ed in a de elopmen o a ious
me hodologies, models, amewo ks and
s anda ds and also hei u he applica ion
MANAGEMENT OF BUSINESS INFORMATICS
MODEL – PRINCIPLES AND PRACTICES
Jiří Voříšek, Jan Pou , Alena Buchalce o á
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3, XVIII, 2015
In o ma ion Managemen
in p ac ice. To such me hodological base
p ima ily belong COBIT [11], CMMI [20],
ISO/IEC 20000 [9], [10], ITIL [24] and
TOGAF [15] ha a e mos ly p ocess-o ien ed
app oaches. These me hodological sou ces
ep esen cu en bes p ac ices and include
ecommenda ions add essing a ious IT
managemen issues encoun e ed in p ac ice.
Thei de ailed compa ison is p esen ed in
[5], [21], [25], [26]. Howe e , hei applica ion
in p ac ice b ings along nume ous p oblems.
A ecen su ey among Czech o ganiza ions
[28] has indica ed a ela i ely low adop ion
le el o me hodologies applied wi hin business
in o ma ics managemen , and also an o e all
pe cep ion hei bene i s a e signi i can ly
limi ed. Conside ing ITIL being he mos
b oadly applied me hodology wo ldwide, i is
u ilized by 53% o Czech companies. Howe e ,
only app oxima ely 6% o hem ha e ITIL ully
implemen ed. In he case o COBIT, 53% o
esponden s do no u ilize COBIT wi hin hei
o ganiza ions a all. On he o he hand, 12%
o Czech companies apply his me hodology
exclusi ely o s a egic IT managemen .
Acco ding o su ey esponden s, o he
mos signi i can easons o he low le el
o me hodology u iliza ion belong hei
complexi y, excessi e cos associa ed wi h
hei implemen a ion, and conside able
equi emen s on IT p ac i ione s and hei
p o essional quali i ca ion e en in he case o
SMEs (Small and Medium-sized En e p ises).
A cu en end in business in o ma ics is
o s eng hen he use o s a egic applica ions,
i.e., en e p ise applica ions ha ha e
a po en ial o deli e a compe i i e ad an age.
Such s a egic applica ions include Business
In elligence (BI), Compe i i e In elligence (CI),
Cus ome Rela ionship Managemen (CRM)
(in pa icula social CRM), and a ious o ms
o elec onic and mobile business applica ions
[12]. Thei implemen a ion is qui e common in
mul ina ional co po a ions. Howe e , SMEs
ace signi i can p oblems while implemen ing
such applica ions because o limi ed i nancial
and human esou ces, as s a ed e.g. by Molná
[13]. On op o ha , IT managemen in hese
en e p ises is dis inguished by a numbe o
speci i c ea u es which a e in de ail desc ibed
by An lo á e al. [1]
Fu he , IT p o essionals discuss he
applica ion o me ics in business in o ma ics
especially in ela ion o he p ocesses o business
in o ma ics managemen , and also hei
in eg a ion wi h IT pe o mance managemen
me hods. Acco ding o [2] and [26], pe o mance
managemen o business in o ma ics
ep esen s one o he mos impo an a eas
whe e business in o ma ics and pe o mance
managemen p inciples a e applied in p ac ice.
Howe e , we need o di e en ia e be ween
pe o mance managemen in o ganiza ions ha
p o ide IT se ices (i.e. IT se ice p o ide s)
and pe o mance managemen in o ganiza ions
ha a e no se ice p o ide s (i.e. consume s o
IT se ices) [25], [26]. IT se ice p o ide s end
o ocus on an e ec i e deli e y o IT se ices
ha maximize hei p o i , while IT depa men s
o o ganiza ions consuming IT se ices a e
ocused a he on secu ing he a ailabili y o
all IT se ices used by a ious business uni s.
Thus, i is impo an o conside a ele an
composi ion o indica o s o measu ing and
e alua ing p ocess pe o mance quali y, as
Šimono á [23] poin s ou .
The ole o IT execu i es such as Chie
In o ma ion O i ce s (CIOs) in ensu ing
a con inuous de elopmen and inno a ion o bo h
IT applica ions and IT in as uc u e ep esen s
qui e an impo an issue o business in o ma ics
ela ed o a ha moniza ion o echnology
inno a ion wi h o ganiza ion’s business needs.
IT leade ship issues comp ising a sui able
alloca ion o esponsibili y and au ho i y in
ela ion o IT, e ec i e use o human esou ces,
and IT e ec i eness moni o ing and e alua ing
a e ex ensi ely co e ed in [3], [8], [14], [21],
[22], [26], [27].
A key challenge o business in o ma ics
managemen consis s in a c ea ion o a single
uni e sal model applicable ac oss di e en
ypes o o ganiza ions. Many esea che s and
p ac i ione s a gue ha each o ganiza ion
needs o de elop i s own model o managemen
o business in o ma ics ha mee s i s speci i c
equi emen s. Ou su eys (see sec ion 1.2)
as well as in e na ional s udies, e.g. Weill
and Ross [27], con i m such s a emen s
since IT execu i es end o de elop speci i c
managemen models adap ed o a pa icula
en i onmen an o ganiza ion ope a es in.
Among ac o s in l uencing he o ganiza ion’s
en i onmen a e indus y sec o , o ganiza ion
size, co po a e cul u e, employees’ skills and
knowledge, legisla i e en i onmen , and IT
se ices a ailable a accep able quali y and
p ice.
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In o mační managemen
O e all, business in o ma ics managemen
is a ec ed by a numbe o issues, including e.g.
po en ial isks associa ed wi h IT ope a ion and
inno a ion as s a ed by Kozel e al. [12],
An iden i i ca ion and u he analysis o he
abo e men ioned issues and o he challenges
ela ed o managemen o business in o ma ics
de e mine he objec i es and p inciples o he
Managemen o Business In o ma ics (MBI)
model. The MBI model was designed on he
basis o se e al su eys conduc ed among
Czech o ganiza ions du ing he pe iod o
2010–2012. A ho ough analysis o ob ained
esul s is desc ibed in he ollowing sec ion.
1.2 Resul s o IT Managemen Su eys
in he Czech Republic
Business in o ma ics in Czech en e p ises as
well as in ins i u ions o public adminis a ion has
unde gone a e y dynamic de elopmen in ecen
yea s, in pa icula in e ms o echnological
inno a ion. Howe e , in e na ional compa isons
show ha in he Czech Republic business
in o ma ics pe o mance su e s om a numbe
o un esol ed issues and unexploi ed po en ial
[14], [25]. Acco ding o in e na ional s a is ics,
he Czech Republic anges s ill unde he
EU-27 a e age in he applica ion o e-business
and e-go e nmen , and also in he use o
elec onic in o ma ion esou ces [28]. While
he e exis a numbe o ac o s con ibu ing
o such s a us, quali y o in o ma ion sys ems
managemen plays a key ole. To subs an ia e
his asse ion, we conduc ed se e al majo
su eys in ol ing 1,400 esponden s om
Czech en e p ises as well as ins i u ions o public
adminis a ion du ing he pe iod o 20102012.
De ailed analyses o he su ey esul s we e
published in [6], [14], [18], [25], [26].
The mos impo an su ey was conduc ed
in 2010 among 600 esponden s in he Czech
Republic. This su ey was p ima ily ocused
on business in o ma ics managemen , di e en
app oaches o i s inno a ion and economic
issues ela ed o business in o ma ics.
Rega ding he composi ion o esponden s,
medium-sized companies cons i u ed wi h
63% he la ges g oup o esponden s, while
small and la ge en e p ises pa icipa ed in
he su ey p ac ically equally (17, esp. 20%).
To classi y he esponden s in o pa icula
sec o s, we applied he Indus ial Classi i ca ion
o Economic Ac i i ies (OKEČ). Ins i u ions o
public adminis a ion ep esen ed wi h 19% he
la ges g oup o esponden s. On he con a y,
mining indus y comp ised only a negligible
g oup o esponden s eaching 0.5%. All
o he sec o s we e ep esen ed qui e e enly
anging om 3 o 8%. The as majo i y (81%)
o esponden s cons i u ed Czech companies
ollowed by companies wi hin mul ina ional
co po a ions (13%). Czech en e p ises
wi h o eign subsidia ies accoun ed o he
emaining 5.5%. A b oad desc ip ion o hese
su ey esul s is p esen ed in [18]. Below we
summa ize jus he mos impo an conclusions
ha we e used as inpu s in o he MBI model:
 main objec i es o business in o ma ics
managemen we e con i med, i.e.
a maximum suppo o business ac i i ies,
he highes possible alignmen le el o
business needs and business in o ma ics
unc ions (Business/IT alignmen ),
 company’s app oach o business
in o ma ics managemen needs o conside
all ex e nal and in e nal ac o s a ec ing an
o ganiza ion,
 managemen o business in o ma ics
should ollow app op ia e s anda ds,
me hodologies and me hods and apply
sui able me ics o de e mine he quali y and
pe o mance o managemen p ocesses;
necessa y documen a ion and expe ise
should be ensu ed,
 in o ma ion sys ems need o be de eloped
and ope a ed a easonable cos s ha
co espond o he ole o IT wi hin an
en e p ise; e.g. minimizing IT cos s may no
be he bes long- e m s a egy,
 moni o ing exis ing applica ions’ and
new p ojec s’ po en ial and eal e ec s is
essen ial o an o ganiza ion especially
wi h a p ima y ocus on s a egic impac
deli e ing a compe i i e ad an age,
 company’s s a egic applica ions ha a e
c i ical o inc easing i s compe i i eness
need o be iden i i ed and gi en an
in es men p io i y,
 inno a ion in business in o ma ics should
ollow IT ma ke de elopmen and also
cu en IT s a us o business pa ne s and
compe i o s,
 coope a ion be ween use depa men s, IT
depa men s and ex e nal p o ide s should
be based on se ice con ac s and se ice
le el ag eemen s (SLAs),
 while ensu ing necessa y esou ces, i is
essen ial o choose such an ope a ional
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model (ou sou cing, cloud compu ing, e c.)
ha deli e s cos sa ings a an accep able
le el o isk,
 equi ed le el o echnology secu i y
and eliabili y needs o be assu ed a
a easonable cos ,
 equi ed quali i ca ion o use s and
IT p ac i ione s should be de eloped
sys ema ically,
 company’s managemen should ake
in o accoun a p obable sho age o IT
specialis s o e he nex ew yea s.
2. Managemen o Business
In o ma ics Model
The Managemen o Business In o ma ics
(MBI) model was de eloped a he Depa men
o In o ma ion Technologies, Uni e si y o
Economics in P ague and desc ibed in de ail
in [23]. The MBI model was de i ned based
on he esul s o IT managemen su eys, an
ex ensi e li e a u e e iew, analysis o exis ing
s anda ds, me hods and amewo ks as well as
gene alized knowledge gained om nume ous
consul ing p ojec s ac oss a wide spec um o
o ganiza ions.
2.1 MBI Model Objec i es and
P inciples
The p ima y objec i e o he MBI model is
o p o ide a suppo o IT managemen
ac i i ies in companies ha i gu e as use s
o IT se ices. The MBI model p o ides
a consis en and l exible business in o ma ics
managemen me hodology ha inco po a es
he bes p ac ice guidelines o speci i c
indus y domains. The model helps IT
p ac i ione s o:
 documen and analyze an exis ing sys em
o business in o ma ics managemen ,
 design and implemen a new (imp o ed)
managemen sys em,
 ob ain an ad ice and bes p ac ice solu ions
o speci i c IT managemen issues such as:
How o de elop an in o ma ion s a egy?
How o p epa e IT budge ? Wha is he
conc e e s uc u e and con en o SLA o
applica ion se ices deli e ed in he o m o
So wa e as a Se ice?
The MBI model helps o ganiza ions
o imp o e he pe o mance o en e p ise
IT sys ems mo e speci i cally he quali y,
a ailabili y, secu i y and e ec i eness o IT
se ices, and indi ec ly he o e all business
pe o mance [19].
To add ess such equi emen s, he ollowing
key p inciples o he MBI model we e de i ned:
1. The model suppo s an o ganiza ion’s
business s a egy in defi ning s a egic
applica ions o business in o ma ics as well
as in moni o ing IT in es men p ofi abili y
[11], [24], [25].
2. The model allows a con ol o all key
ea u es o en e p ise in o ma ion sys em
[21], [25]:
 Requi ed unc ionali y inclusion,
 A ailabili y, Timeliness, Accu acy and
T us wo hiness o equi ed unc ions
and in o ma ion,
 Compliance wi h legisla ions,
 Reliabili y,
 Use - iendliness,
 Secu i y,
 Flexibili y,
 Openness,
 In eg i y,
 S anda diza ion,
 Pe o mance,
 E ec i eness.
3. The model eco ds all esponsibili ies and
au ho i ies wi hin an o ganiza ion in he
con ex o business in o ma ics [27].
4. Business in o ma ics managemen is
based on a cohe en sys em o me ics
ha e alua e all impo an IT se ices, IT
p ocesses and IT esou ces [16], [25].
5. The model p o ides a ious le els o de ail
(g anula i y) o managemen asks and
me ics ha co espond o he equi emen s
o di e en o ganiza ion ypes.
6. The model apidly esponds o changing
needs o business in o ma ics, i s con en
and unc ionali y is easily ex endable and
upg adable.
7. The applica ion o MBI model in p ac ice
o e s a high fl exibili y. Implemen a ion o
indi idual model componen s ( asks) is
suppo ed wi hou ha ing o implemen
he en i e model. Conside ing a signifi can
e o in ol ed in a comp ehensi e business
in o ma ics sys em implemen a ion, i is
o en mo e e ec i e o add ess only hose
a eas iden ifi ed as he mos p oblema ic,
o wi h he highes impac on an en e p ise
pe o mance and i s success.
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164 2015, XVIII, 3
In o mační managemen
8. The model is e ec i ely deployable in
o ganiza ions o a di e en size and
ope a ing in di e en indus y sec o s.
Model implemen a ion espec s specifi c
condi ions unde which an o ganiza ion
ope a es including i s fi nancial and human
esou ces allowing a success ul applica ion
o he model in SMEs ha ypically ha e
limi ed fi nancial and human esou ces.
9. An in eg al pa o he model con ains
ecommenda ions summa izing ele an
p ac ical expe iences.
2.2 MBI Model Concep
Wi h he aim o a clea de i ni ion, uni o m
unde s anding and possibili y o enhancemen ,
he MBI me a-model was de i ned. Figu e 1
shows he me a-model ha ep esen s he MBI
classes o objec s and ypes o ela ionships
be ween hem. The MBI me a-model is
p esen ed in he UML 2.0 class diag am
no a ion.
A ask is a key MBI componen ha ep esen s
a basic business in o ma ics managemen
uni . Task desc ibes how o p oceed in sol ing
a pa icula managemen p oblem. Conc e e
asks ep esen e.g. P oposal o En e p ise IT
Sys em Sou cing, IT Se ice Implemen a ion, IT
Se ice Ac i a ion, Secu i y Audi Implemen a ion
e c. The MBI model de i nes a la ge numbe o
asks ha a e o ganized in a h ee-le el hie a chy
as illus a ed in Figu e 2.
Fig. 1: The MBI Me a-model
Sou ce: own
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The Managemen Domains le el cons i u es
he highes le el o he MBI hie a chy and
consis s o he ollowing domains: S a egic
Managemen , Managemen o IT Se ices,
Managemen o IT Resou ces, Managemen o
IT Economics, Managemen o IT De elopmen ,
and Managemen o IT Ope a ions. Wi hin each
managemen domain G oups o Tasks a e
de i ned, which ep esen a se o ela ed asks.
Each ask has se e al a ibu es. Some o
hem, i.e. ID, ID o a ask a ian , au ho and
upda e da e a e used o iden i i ca ion pu poses.
Task can be de i ned in a ian s. A a ian o he
ask desc ibes speci i cs o a ask ealiza ion in
a ious condi ions acco ding o an o ganiza ion
size, indus y sec o o o ganiza ion ype.
Besides he iden i i ca ion a ibu es, he e exis
also o he a ibu es which ep esen a speci i c
con en o he ask, i.e. goal, pu pose, con en .
Task comp ises ac i i ies ha a e exp essed
in he o m o ac i i y scheme a a ious le els
o g anula i y (i.e. only co e ac i i ies, high-
le el p ocess diag am, o de ailed p ocess
diag am) depending on he equi emen s
a pa icula p oblem demands. On one hand,
his enables a p ecise desc ip ion o he ask,
and on he o he hand, i lea es an ini ia i e
on IT s a as ecommended by he Knowledge
Based P ocess Reenginee ing Me hod [26].
O e all, asks cons i u e he basis o a me ic
speci i ca ion as desc ibed in [15].
Rela ionships o o he classes ep esen
he addi ional ask con en . These ela ionships
enable o e e o he con en used in mul iple
asks o o mul iple occu ences in he
ela ionship. To he mos impo an ask ela ed
classes belong he ollowing:
 Documen s  his class includes p in ed o
elec onic documen s used as ask inpu s
o ou pu s. A documen is ei he a ool o
business in o ma ics managemen (e.g.
p ojec plan, p ojec objec i es), o p o ides
a solu ion o a pa icula p oblem (e.g. es
scena io, ende documen o selec ion o
an IT se ice p o ide ).
 Scena ios  his class ep esen s ypical
issues ha need o be add essed in
a business li e. Fo example conside ing
IT cos educ ion o be he equi emen , he
MBI model iden i i es asks, documen s and
me ics ha ela e o IT cos s and p o ides
ecommenda ions o achie e such cos
educ ion.
 Applica ions  his class comp ises
applica ion so wa e ha can be u ilized o
a gi en ask [25].
 Me ics  his class includes me ics
exp essed on he basis o dimensional
modeling, i.e. as indica o s and hei
analy ical dimensions. Me ics de e mine
he Key Pe o mance Indica o s (KPI) o Key
Goal Indica o (KGI) o asks. Conside ing
Fig. 2: Hie a chical s uc u e o asks in he MBI model
Sou ce: own
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o example “IT ope a ing cos s” ha ha e
he dimension o IT se ices, IT applica ions,
o indi idual business uni s, me ics can
p o ide in o ma ion such as “Wha a e he
ope a ing cos s o a pa icula se ice o
indi idual business uni s.” Ma ching me ics
o hei indi idual business p ocesses in he
con ex o asks ensu es ha only me ics
ha a e use ul in p ac ice a e de i ned. Da a
sou ces o me ics measu emen need o be
a ailable and accessible wi hin a company,
so ha cos s o ob aining such da a do no
exceed he bene i s o hei use [26].
 Me hods  his class desc ibes o malized
p ocesses and guidelines o ul i lling
he goal o he ask. P ac ices ep esen
ecommended managemen p ac ices ha
can be used o accomplish pa icula asks.
 Roles − his class exp esses speci i c
esponsibili ies o a ole holde . Such oles
include: CIO, Ope a ions Manage , P ojec
Manage , IT A chi ec e c. Roles a e linked
o indi idual asks using he esponsibili y
assignmen ma ix (RACI) o ma applying
he ou key esponsibili ies: Responsible,
Accoun able, Consul ed, and In o med.
 Fac o s  his class has a signi i can impac
on he way a pa icula ask is pe o med.
To he mos impo an ac o s belong:
O ganiza ion Size, Indus y Sec o (in which
an o ganiza ion ope a es) and O ganiza ion
Type (i.e. p i a e company o public
ins i u ion). Conside ing he example o he
ac o O ganiza ion Type oge he wi h he
ask P epa a ion o a Tende o he Supply
o IT Se ices, he solu ion o he p oblem
o a public ins i u ion is comple ely di e en
han in he case o a p i a e company. The
eason is he legisla ion which has o be
ollowed in he case o public ins i u ion.
These se en classes ela ed o he ask
ep esen he so called “doo s” in he MBI
model (Fig. 3). Such doo s allow a di ec access
Fig. 3: ”Doo s” in o he MBI model o a speci i c issue
Sou ce: own
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167
3, XVIII, 2015
In o ma ion Managemen
o in o ma ion. Thus, a use does no need o go
h ough he en i e model, bu is able o selec
a pa icula ole o some o he pa h ele an o
an issue he is wo king on.
In o de o assu e ha key ea u es o
business in o ma ics a e conside ed wi hin
he model, a concep o Business In o ma ics
Fea u es was in oduced. Fo each ask an
impac on business in o ma ics ea u es is
eco ded in he o m o yes/no answe . This
way i is possible o disco e all asks ha a ec
a pa icula business in o ma ics ea u e. In he
ini ial se ings o he MBI model he ollowing
Business In o ma ics Fea u es a e de i ned:
 Func ionali y,
 A ailabili y, Timeliness, Accu acy and
T us wo hiness o equi ed unc ions and
in o ma ion,
 Compliance wi h legisla ions,
 Reliabili y,
 Use - iendliness,
 Secu i y,
 Flexibili y,
 Openness,
 In eg i y,
 S anda diza ion,
 Pe o mance,
 E ec i eness.
3. MBI Model Types
As no ed in sec ion 1, i is no possible o use
a single op imal model o business in o ma ics
Fig. 4: MBI model ypes
Sou ce: own
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168 2015, XVIII, 3
In o mační managemen
managemen ac oss all o ganiza ions. The MBI
model includes se e al model ypes ha di e in
he le el o adap a ion o speci i c ci cums ances
o a gi en o ganiza ion ype.
The mos comp ehensi e and gene al
model ep esen s he MBI Gene ic model.
The Gene ic model is in ended o all ypes o
o ganiza ions and includes gene alized bes
p ac ice guidelines o business in o ma ics
managemen and hei speci i c a ian s o
di e en business in o ma ics managemen
ac o s. The MBI Gene ic model cap u es also
p o en managemen p ac ices and p ac ical
expe iences in he o m o asks, documen s,
me hods, me ics and o he objec s as
desc ibed in sec ion 2.2.
The second ype o he MBI model, i.e. he
MBI Speci i c model, is aimed a o ganiza ions
ha belong o a pa icula sec o o he economy
(au omo i e, banking, public adminis a ion,
e c.). The con en o he Speci i c model is
adap ed o pa icula indus y, business,
legisla i e and o he condi ions ha apply
o a gi en sec o o he economy. The MBI
Speci i c model is c ea ed du ing he p o i ling
p ocess, when ce ain a ian s o MBI asks and
documen s ele an o a speci i c sec o o he
economy a e selec ed (see Figu e 4).
The hi d ype o he MBI model, i.e. he
Model o IT Managemen o En e p ise “X” is
in ended o a conc e e o ganiza ion. The model
is c ea ed by cus omizing he MBI Speci i c
model when aking in o accoun pa icula
aspec s o an o ganiza ion. The cus omiza ion
p ocess includes:
 Selec ion o objec occu ences om he
MBI Speci i c model (i.e. asks, documen s,
me ics, e c.) ele an o a conc e e
o ganiza ion. This u he educes he numbe
o each objec occu ence in compa ison
wi h he Speci i c model elimina ing hose
occu ences ha IT managemen conside s
as i ele an o i s o ganiza ion o a gi en
si ua ion, i.e. hose ha a e no in line wi h
he implemen a ion goals o MBI.
 Modi i ca ion o objec s ha do no ully
co espond o speci i c condi ions o an
o ganiza ion. Such speci i c condi ions
may a ise as a esul o a ious business
in o ma ics ac o s (sec ion 2.2), bu also
as a esul o managemen e o s o se
a di e en ( om he MBI model) le el o
business and IT p ocess s anda diza ion
and i s en o cemen .
 Comple ion o addi ional asks and ela ed
objec s ha a e equi ed by a conc e e
company bu no con ained in he MBI
Speci i c model (i.e. cap u ing speci i c know-
how o an o ganiza ion).
 De i ni ion o IT depa men oles. The
MBI Gene ic model assumes a co e
se o oles o an o ganiza ion and i s
IT depa men . Each ole is assigned
pa icula esponsibili ies o indi idual MBI
asks using he RACI ma ix. Howe e ,
hese oles can be de i ned in a speci i c
o ganiza ion di e en ly, o hey may be
cha ac e ized by di e en esponsibili ies
o au ho i ies.

Assignmen o oles o indi idual asks
by modi ying he RACI ma ix o hese
asks (de e mined by esponsibili ies
and au ho i ies o pa icula IT oles in an
o ganiza ion  employees wi h a gi en ole
a e assigned asks hey a e ully esponsible
o , and asks hey coope a e on).
A model applica ion in an o ganiza ion
in ol es a use o indi idual asks and hei
implemen a ion by indi idual ac o s. Task
ou pu s may be sa ed in o he model as
documen empla es ( a ian s).
4. MBI Model Applica ion and Fu u e
De elopmen
The e exis wo al e na i es o a MBI model
applica ion in p ac ice. Fi s ly, IT execu i es can
u ilize he model o c ea e a comp ehensi e
sys em o business in o ma ics managemen
based on bes p ac ices in IT managemen (as
illus a ed in Fig. 4). This way he MBI model
helps o desc ibe all asks, oles and hei
esponsibili ies, and o he objec s included
wi hin IT managemen . MBI hen becomes
a company egula ion ha de e mines who,
when and how sol es a ious IT issues in an
o ganiza ion.
Secondly, he MBI model o e s IT
execu i es a solu ion o issues occu ing a
s a egic, ac ical and ope a ional le el. The
model includes empla e solu ions o cu en
issues ha can be ound h ough a MBI
na iga ion mechanism based on “doo s”, o by
sea ching o a speci i c scena io.
Example 1: A use needs o c ea e an
in o ma ion s a egy o his o ganiza ion. I he
use is only in e es ed in he s uc u e o an
in o ma ion s a egy documen , he loca es he
ele an documen in he MBI sys em and uses
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