Prijungiamieji laiko sakiniai su jungiamuoju žodžiu („pirm“) „neg“ senuosiuose XVI–XVII a. lietuvių raštuose

26 ac a Linguis ica Li huanica LXII–LXIII jū a ė Pajėdienė Lie u ių kalbos ins i u as Resea ch di ec ions: esea ch o he cu en and old Li huanian sen ence s uc u e. The P ijep Laiko sayings wi h he combina ion o he wo d Mojim (PIRM) NEG in he old XVXVII cen u ies. Anno a ion in Li huanian w i ing wi h he wo ds ( i s ) neg(i) nei(gi) neng. The ma e ial unde empo al clauses wi h conjunc ion neg in old Li huanian W i ings conside a ion consis s o he Pos ilė o Jono B e kūno (1591), he Pos ilė o Mikalojaus daukšos s aipsnyje ap a iami senosios lie u ių kalbos p ijungiamieji laiko sakiniai su jungiamaisiais (1599), he Sayings o he Poin s o Kons an in Si ydo (i […] 1629, ii […] 1644) in which he o ma ion o wo sen ences is said a he same ime using one o he men ioned conjunc i e wo ds. only ime sen ences wi h he compound conjunc ion i s (a) and nei he (g) a e used in he b e kūno pos ilē. In Pos ilė and Si ydo, he ph ases a e a anged in a mo e di e se s uc u e wi h neg(i), neygi, nieig […] in hese w i ings he e is also a ime o he ph ases wi h neg wi hou he su ix wo d pi m. anno a ion This a icle p o ides an o e iew o he s uc u e and seman ics o subo dina e clauses o ime bounda y wi h he conjunc ion (pi m) neg in old Li huanian w i ings (in ex s o b e kūnas Pos illa (1591), daukšas Pos illa (1599) and si ydas Punk ai dėymų (i […]9, ii […] esMiniai Žodžiai: 1644)). Sakomi yšys, sakomas šaliai, neiu inio a mens nusakmens ėlesnis, aki umo, aižopa seman inė unkcija 162). Keywo ds: subo dina ion, empo al clauses, empo al pos e io i y, ac ici y, dual seman ic unc ion. This is a lis o wo ds ha ha e been used in he English language. ALL_62_63_make as.indd 26 June 2011 A he end o he day, i 's all abou he money. P ijungiamieji laiko sakiniai su jungiamuoju žodžiu (pi m) neg senuosiuose XVi–XVii a. lie u ių aš uose 27s ai s a icles in all hese ex s mos popula a e empo al clauses wi h he compound conjunc ion pi m neg (only he compound conjunc ion pi m neg is used in empo al clauses in b e kūnas[…] Possenojoje Li huanian sen ences wi h he conjunc i e wo d neg1 could be said no only as a quali y o compa ison o illa). he empo al clauses in oduced by he single conjunc ion neg (no longe used in em- po al clauses in Mode n Li huanian) a e ound in he ex s by daukša and si ydas. ĮVadas wo ac ions, bu also as a ela ionship o ac ions. A sen ence wi h a p e ix o a su ix in addi ion o he p e ix can be in e p e ed no only as a ime, bu also as a compa ison. In he mode n Li huanian language, he meaning o he ime limi o conjunc i e wo ds is no longe he same as i was be o e: in g amma ical desc ip ions, no wo ds a e desc ibed only as compa a i e conjunc ions o di e ence4, and sen ences wi h hese conjunc i e wo ds a e desc ibed as compa a i e di e ences5. Sayings wi h neg, nei he , which a e adjacen o di e en neg a ian s, such as negi, nei he , neygi, nieig, neng. he possibili ies o compa ison in one space and in di e en spaces and ha compa ing wo ac ions […] means compa ing hei occu ence on a ce ain (image, ime) scale, see auconnie (2003: 132; 137). abou he ela ionship o 11 s aipsnyje neg pasi enkamas kaip bend as jungiamojo žodžio a das ( en, ku nebū ina de alizuo i) – compa a i e sen ences wi h ime sen ences, see This is a lis o ai po s in Es onia, so ed by loca ion. 13 12 apie ne iesioginį a neiš eikš ą lyginimą be kokio pobūdžio eiginiuose, ž . Lyons (1993: 274 ). apie Analogical model o Old Polish ense sen ences wi h a lowe case is desc ibed as he main clause usually con aining a conjunc ion o conjunc ion o ense meaning, which se es as a basis o compa ison in desc ibing he ime o ac ion o he seconda y clause (klemensiewicz and k . 1955: 468). ja osla baue denied in he old Czech language he use o he ime meaning o he conjunc i e wo d a he han he di ec connec ion wi h he nega ion o he pa i ion no and he example o he explana o y conjunc ion. In his opinion, his can only be in e p e ed as a compa a i e meaning o he o igin o he conjunc i e wo d. Baue ega ded he meaning o he conjunc i e wo d a he han he meaning o ime as seconda y, a ising om he use o he wo d a he han he meaning o compa ison in cons uc ions a e he deic ic unc ion o he i s p e ix o he compa a i e dřé e. Acco ding o Baue , sen ences om he second hal o he i een h cen u y onwa ds in Old Czech can be ound in which he same wo d can be conside ed a conjunc ion o ime meanings, a ixa ion (Baue 1972: 4445 […] 446,8). 14 o his Regula ion. The Commission shall be empowe ed o adop delega ed ac s in acco dance wi h A icle 26 o supplemen his Regula ion by laying down de ailed ules o he applica ion o his Regula ion. jonas balke ičius in he syn ax o he cu en Li huanian language sen ences wi h ea lie , han and ea lie , han examples in he sec ion "Seconda y sen ences o ime ci cums ances" added he ema k ha hese a e "compa able seconda y sen ences o explain ime ci cums ances" and he e e ence o hei a i y (balke ičius 1963: 351352). 15 […] The su ixes in hese sen ences a e ela ed o ce ain wo ds in he main clause. he compa a i e sen ences o his di e ence a e close o he di ec connec ion sen ences. hei clo hing is usually une en and closely ela ed o each o he ; […][S]la es e bs a e associa ed wi h he main e bs o he highe deg ee o [...] p e ix [...][…] as a dis inc ion compa a i e e bs a e desc ibed and sen ences in w i en ime sen ences wi h su negu, nei, ku iais lyginamas d iejų eiksmų išsidės ymas laike (amb azas 2006b: 695). ALL_62_63_make as.indd 27 2011.06.17 08:23:47 28 ac a Linguis ica Li huanica LXII[…]LXIII he placemen o hei ac ions in ime, a ely jū a ė Pajėdienė used in mode n speech6, an essen ial elemen in hese sen ences is he p e ix o ime i s be o e be o e be o e be o e be o e. Resea che s o he old Li huanian language (Edua dus He mannas8, Leona dus D o inas9, Jonas Palionis10, Vy au as Amb azas11) desc ibe sen ences wi h he i s neg as exp essing ela ionships o ime12. Va osenos daŽnuMas ap a iamuosiuose jono b e kūno, Mikalojaus daukšos i kons an ino si ydo neg a e s ill used qui e o en. only one o he such sen ence can be ound in he ex s o he con empo a y Li huanian language, e.g. When asked i he was going o No way o Ch is mas, B yn i s looked a Jon Kazlauska and asked i he had come o his senses. In mode n pa lance, g e a is mos o en used o exp ess he ac ions o one ano he in ime. Fo example, be o e answe ing, B ynas looked a himsel , o cons uc ions wi h he conjunc i e wo d o and we e added la e , e.g. Some o he i s sp ing plan s, which i s o and hen sp ou , a e o zies. Plg. i s a ian s: Some o he i s sp ing plan s ha a e ipe be o e he ha es a e o zies and Some o he i s sp ing plan s ha a e ipe be o e he ha es a e o zies. 17 Simila ly, he la e use o he e m "disas e " (only he opposi e seman ics), e.g. [...] ha nigh he mo he had gone ou and e u ned la e han he daugh e s had been in an acciden . o he punc ua ion o he p e-con ac ela ionship be o e (p e-con ac ) and a e (a e , when) he ela ionship, see C is o a o (2005). The sen ences wi h he i s neg a e p esen ed sepa a ely om he o he sen ences wi h he neg in his sou ce (he mann 1912: 29, 34-35). 19 Leona dus D o inas i s named neg and i s a ian s as he conjunc ions o he e bs o he ci cums ances o he ime o he connec ions used in he old Li huanian language sc ip s 18 da be Übe die En wicklung de li auischen Konjunk ionalsä ze jungiamųjų žodžių y imo apibend ina- mojoje len elėje pi m neg į ašy as laiko eikšmės skil yje; jono b e kūno Pos ilės pi m neg siejamas su (D o inas 1968a; 1968b: 89, 95). 10 John Palionis he conjunc ion neng, used only in Eas P ussian w i ings, is named as a compa a i e, ep esen ing he neg, and indica es he a ea o i s use in […] […] compa a i e sen ences and ime con ex s ( oge he wi h he i s ) […] (Palionis 1967: 202). 11 on he use o seconda y pa iciple e bs wi h conjunc i e wo ds e en, e en i s , i s nei he in he sense o he bounda y o he ac ion as wi h his no on he conjunc ion o hese conjunc i e wo ds wi h absolu e cons uc ions, see amb azas (2006a: 453454); see amb azas (2006a: 456) o seconda y e b sen ences wi h he i s nei he , he i s does no each he bounda ies o he e b. 12 Jonah Jablonsky neg, neg, pi m neng, pi m neg, pi m negu also dis inguished be ween he ime ci cums ances o he conjunc i e wo ds (jablonskis 1911: 498), gi ing an indica ion o hei sou ce (ancien w i ings) wi h he ema k: […]simila examples, as a as is known in he mean ime, a e no known om he language o he people[…] (jablonskis 1911: 510[…]511). 13 On he impo ance o quan i a i e ela ionships wi h o he (o o he ) cons uc s o co esponding signi icance a he han indi idual absolu e da a, see amb azas (2006a: 39). ALL_62_63_make as.indd 28 June 2011 a 17:47:23 ime limi sen ences wi h neg b e kūno Pos ilė (19x) and P ijungiamieji laiko sakiniai su jungiamuoju žodžiu (pi m) neg senuosiuose XVi–XVii a. lie u ių aš uose 29s aipsniai / a icles jų sakinių a osenos one panaši kaip p ijungiamųjų laiko ibos sakinių su ne 14 – si ydo Poin sen ences (13x) a e ela i ely used much mo e o en han ime limi sen ences wi h ne , ošos Pos ilė (57x) […] much less equen ly (see he da a p o ided in able 1). This is Len e. The quan i y o bP, dP, sP ime sen ences in ela ion o conjunc i e wo ds neg and e en o all conjunc i e ime-limi sen ences The ime limi sen ences a e bP dP sP The a e age numbe o occu ences o he wo d "sugges ion" in he sou ce o he ime is 57 (22.7%) 13 (~25.5%) (~22%) wo ds wi h a ne 14 (~2%) 72 (28.7%) 8 (~15.7%) (~19.2%) o al numbe o connec ions indica ing he ime limi 107 (100%) 251 (51) (100%) (100%) in he sou ce o he ime o he i s sen ences in he Pos O ice a e he wo ds "sugges ion" wi h "sugges ion" (neġ4x), "sugges ion" (3x) and "pi wey" (5x). Si ydo The equency o he poin s in he sen ences o he ime neg is w i en as negi (9x), neygi (2x), neg (1x), nieig (1x), and he equency o he i s is: i s (5x), i s (5x), i s ay (1x). P nk y Kaan18 ex s neg and pi m ha e di e en co espondences: ni (7x), sen ences wi h e en in he cu en Li huanian language a e no used, and ime compa ison sen ences wi h negu han and pi ma conjunc i e e bs wi h conjunc i e wo ds, see I 's called Pajėdienė (2010). Fo sou ces o 15 dP, see Palionis (2000: 17 and 18). 16 In old Polish, niż niżli was used (un il he 13 h cen u y) in conjunc ions o ime p e iously a e used e y a ely. Fo mo e in o ma ion on he seman ic and g amma ical p ope ies o in sen ences o indica e he sequence o ac ions (klemensiewicz and k . 1955: 468). (pi m’ (33x); pi ṁ (11x); pi m (3x); pí ṁ (1x)) a i inka jokūbo Wujeko pos ilės15 laiko sakinius su jungiamuoju žodžiu ni16 (ni (24x), nili (29x), nieli (3x), niem (1x)17), ku ie dažniausiai a ojami su p epoziciniu a liepiniu pie wey (41x), 14 Čia laiko sakinių su ne i neg a osena lyginama dėl panašaus šių sakinių aidos pobūdžio – laiko 17 Plg. dP 52345 o he sen ence. 18 Kons an inas Si ydas Punk ai said in "P akalboje į skai y oją" ha he na u e o he ansla ion was p esen ed as ollows: "I was necessa y o gi e a p ope ansla ion om Li huanian and, as a as possible, o pu he wo d in o he wo d so ha i could be unde s ood" (quo ed om he ansla ion o egina koženiauskienė (koženiauskienė 1990: 296)). ALL_62_63_make as.indd 29 June 2011 a 17:47:23 a ni[…] (1x), ni[…]li (2x), 30 jū a ė Pajėdienė ac a Linguis ica Li huanica LXII–LXIII nim19 (2x), a[…] (1x)20, which goes wi h he modi ie s pie wey (4x), wp od21 (5x), p ed ym (1x). Va osena in he Va ie ies F om he poin o iew o au ho ship, he ex o a se mon consis s o a leas wo laye s22. One o hem is an exce p om he Bible, o pe ipopeia, wi h e e ences o au ho ship. The nex laye o ex consis s o commen s o cla i y he quo ed passages, called exce p s (bP, dP) o pa ag aphs (sP) in he ex s unde discussion. In he la e […] laye o […] ex in ended o in e p e a ion, some po ions o he Gospel ex s may be pe cei ed o epea ed once again. In he pe iphe y o he ex s in ques ion he e a e 10 conjunc i e ense sen ences wi h (pi m) neg: bP is 5 sen ences, dP […] 4 sen ences, and sP […] 1 sen ence (see able 2). 2 The Len e. The dis ibu ion o ime sen ences wi h nega ions in he laye s o he se mon ex s sen ences om he Bible su neg ci a os Pamokslininko komen a as numanomos ci- The Bible says in he Book o P o e bs, P o e bs 5:7, P o e bs 7:1, P o e bs 3:1, P o e bs 6:1, P o e bs 4:1, P o e bs 4:1, P o e bs 4:1, P o e bs 4:1, P o e bs 4:1, P o e bs 4:1, P o e bs 4:1, P o e bs 4:1, P o e bs 4:6, P o e bs 4:1, P o e bs 4:1, P o e bs 4:1, P o e bs 4:1, P o e bs 4:1, P o e bs 4:1, P o e bs 4:1, P o e bs 4:1, P o e bs 4:1, P o e bs 4:1, P o e bs 4:1, P o e bs 4:1, P o e bs 4:1, P o e bs 4:1, (4x) (3x) (26x) (14x) (6x) P o e bs 4:1, P o e bs 4:1, P o e bs 4:1, sP 1 sen ences […]12 P o e bs 4:1, P o e bs 4:1, P o e bs 4:1, P o e bs 4:1, P o e bs 4:1, and P o e bs 4:1, and mo e. sen ences i s neg (1x) […]pi m i s neg...neg did no . . . Do (4x) (4x) no go i s . (2x) (2x) Wha is i ? 19 sP i 805 he i s negi co esponds o he p e ix ym nim, and sP i 24425 he i s ... negi in he sen ence co esponds o he wp od... nim. see klemensiewicz and o he s (1955: 469) on he conjuga ion o he old Polish wo d used in mode n sen ences. In he sen ence 20 sP i 14327 a goes wi h he p eposi ion nie pie wey. See klemensiewicz and o he s (1955: 468) o a link o o he links o links. 21 Plg. in he sen ences o he ime o he old Polish language wi h examples o he wp od used he e (Klemensiewicz and k . 1955: 469). 22 on he oles o he compile and in e p e e played by he p eache see This Regula ion shall en e in o o ce on he wen ie h day ollowing ha o i s publica ion in he O icial Jou nal o he Eu opean Union. ALL_62_63_make as.indd 30 June 2011 a 8:47:23 in he a e noon P ijungiamieji laiko sakiniai su jungiamuoju žodžiu (pi m) neg senuosiuose XVi–XVii a. lie u ių aš uose 31s aipsniai / a icles bP, dP o sP pe iphe al ime sen ences wi h he i s neg co espond o Vulga e ime sen ences wi h he conjunc i e wo ds p iusquam o an equam and G eek n ime sen ences wi h πρὶν o πρὸ τοῦ (see able 3). The choice o he conjunc i e wo d neg in he dP 14828 sen ence ( his is assumed in he Ma hew 26,34 line quo a ion) is no consis en wi h he Polish compound pie wey ni[…] (W3 15412), a he i is ela ed no o he La in an equam (since, o example, he dP 12728 sen ence wi h he i s neg also co esponds o he Vulga e sen ence wi h he an equam), bu o he adi ion o he Li huanian e angelical ex s […] p ima ily wi h he Bal amie and Vilnius E angelions Epis olų (1579) eks u25. dP 14828 sakinio jungiamasis žodis i šalu inio dėmens žodžių a kos modelis ski iasi nuo lenkiško o iginalo, be su ampa su a i inkamo26 See he sen ence model, please. : [...] ioġ ßi nák i / neg gaidís du ka ú p agís / is ka us mans gîſsieś. dP 14828 [...] You' e he one who's been h ough he nigh . You' e he one who's been h ough he nigh . W31512 [...] iog sch nak i neig gaidis wo a he same ime p ays h ee imes mans ssigηsi Vee 1881927 [...] quia in hac noc e an equam gallus can e e me negabis M 26,34 [...] σοι τι ἐν ταύτ τ νυκτὶ πρὶν ἀλέκτορα φωνῆσαι τρὶς ἀπαρνήσ wi h M 26,34 3 Len eLė. Co espondence o ime sen ences wi h nega i e conjunc i e wo ds in Pe ikopēs in a ious sou ces in jungiamape ikopėje jn 4,49 i s nega i e i s nega i e i s nega i e ii 4741 3552 nili 36612 sis žodis Vee bP 28 dP sP W3Vulg n 1221 […]pie weyp- iusquam […] o 23 See also Passion... in ou Gospels b ie ly collec ed dP 144; pa I ex dP 148-149. 24 on he sou ces o he B e on Pos ilus […] Bal amie's Gospels o William and Epis les and he Enchi idion (1579) […] and he ac ha he B e on Pos ilus Pe icope […] is con empo a y wi h he new edi ion o he Vilnius ex s and inos kaip d iejų au o ių kū ybinio da bo ezul a as: Vilen o kaip e ėjo i b e kūno kaip e imo edak o iaus“, ž . alekna ičienė (2005: 28; 2008: 31). ac s25 e e ences o ea lie li e a u e and esea ch on he possible ela ionship be ween he dP Pe icope ex and he Vulga e, and in some cases he possible associa ion be ween he dP and he Vee ex . This Decision shall en e in o o ce on he day ollowing ha o i s publica ion in he O icial Jou nal modelio sąsają su lo ynų i g aikų kalbų į aka bei apie ai, kad „ ais a ejais, kai i Wujeko eks as ski iasi, e leksy ų a osena dP sie ina su Vilen o ee [...]“ ž . Maskuliūnas (2000: 121). 26 Plg. Hiſ o ia apie Muka i Sme i Pona muſu Ieſaus Ch iſ aus / pagal ke u iu Euangeliſ u. Vee 188-214 o he Eu opean Union. abou daukšos and jokūbo Wujeko used, nei he Li huanian no Polish languages do no equi e he examina ion o he e lexi i y o he noun aiškos 27 bP, sP and Vee ma e ial aken om compu e -assembled ex s and compu e wo d o ms conco dances p epa ed by he Ins i u e o Li huanian Language. Conco dance o he S a e Commission o he Li huanian Language unde he Seimo o he Republic o Li huania unde he p og amme o he use and educa ion o he S a e Language o he Republic o Li huania in 1996-2005; in 1997-1998 i was p epa ed by Alekna ičienė, Richa d Pe ke ičius and he p og amme Vy au as Zinke ičius, headed by habil. d . Sauliaus Amb azo. In Ma in Lu he 's ansla ion o he Bible, he wo d "echo" is used in he ele an sen ences o he ime. ALL_62_63_make as.indd 31 June 2011 A he end o he day, i 's all abou he money. 32 ac a Linguis ica jū a ė Pajėdienė Li huanica LXIILXIII jungiamape ikopė- sis žodis je jn 8,58 i s no Vee bP 28 dP sP W3Vulg n i s no i s i 5321 3207pi m neġ 12728 ii 10923 ni 1359 i s no i s pie wey i s no i s niby an equam πρν p iusquam πρν i s no I jn 14,9 3262 7720 […] i s […] neġ 23951 […] i s 24417 Luke 2:21 2010 he i s chap e o Luke 1266 h chap e 5321 […] i s nili 533 p iusquam πρὸ i s in o las i 1339 – – As al eady men ioned, in he NEG Va ojiMo sen ence gaLiMybės, bP, dP, sP ex s a e ound in a ious cases o neg use o ime in sen ences: singula neg, e.g. : Pawadíns aḋ aſsái Wießpa ís déßim  a n ſaw / neġ nůġ i ißwaêwo / dáwe íiemus / déßim  íłgi a ba g iwn […]. dP 38220 Wewawβy edy Pan [...] he se an s o hei ni om nich odiechał dał im [...]. W3 39637 was hanged by he neck in he same way as he o he s: bę íłgái wá gin is u êio neġ nmi e. dP 17628 is no applicable [...] bu i ook me a long ime o die. W31820 adjacen o he ga eway o he i s neg, e.g. A e wa ds, Ad iiônas Pópieius kä wî as i s sewed he seams o Eugenius Pópieius and e u ned o No way. dP 9124 Po ym […]ásie Ad yán Papie[…] c[…]wa y pie wey ni[…] […]os ał Papie[…]em [...] was bo n in No we gi[…] ná wiá […]. W3 9228 non- e bal owels i s and neg: he i s owel a e neg is usually a p eposi ion ( i s , neg...); a e no going o he i s ... ga e a ely (see able 4), e.g. : ALL_62_63_make as.indd 32 2011.06.17 a 08:23:48 Wha is he meaning o he name Make as? P ijungiamieji laiko sakiniai su jungiamuoju žodžiu (pi m) neg senuosiuose XVi–XVii a. lie u ių aš uose 33 pages o a icles [...] and eyp Ch is us iop sug iβ a and giwena iump as he i s giweno negi buwo pames ha pe dasiłeydimu he g ea sin. I' e los my way I' e los my way I' e los my way I' e los my way I' e los my way I' e los my way I' e los my way I' e los my way I' e los my way sP and 14317 [...] which has been cu down o he g ound and plan ed in he middle o he meadow [...] [...]. The mos commonly used wo d in he ex o he sou ces in ques ion is g e iminos (see able 4). only such a i s nega ion is ound in he b e kūno pos ilė (ou o a o al o 19 sen ences wi h i s nega ion, w i en as i s nei he (13x), i s neg (3x), i s neg (2x), i s neg (1x)). 33 daukšos Pos ilės sen ences (~58% o all sen ences wi h a ime limi o dP) a e ound. Si ydo Poin s o he sen ences 5 ime sen ences wi h g e iminės a osenos pi m neg make up ~38,5% o all ime sen ences wi h neg in his sou ce (g e iminės a osenos pi m neg is w i en in h ee ways: pi m negi (3x); i s neg (1x); no less han (1x). daukšos Pos ilėje i si ydo Punk uose sakymų jungiamasis žodis neg bu o a ojamas i su a okiau esančiu p epoziciniu pi m (15 sakinių dP suda o ~26%, o 4 sakiniai sP suda o be eik ~31% isų laiko ibos sakinių su neg šiuose šal i- niuose iksacijų). The sen ences wi h neg, going be o e he i s , a e ound only in he Sy iac ex (2x). The sen ences wi h he singula neg o m a six h o all he sen ences wi h he singula neg in hese sou ces. The sen ences in Pos ilė 2 (dP 13029 and dP 14828) wi h he singula neg daukšos we e ansla ed by eplacing he o iginal connec ing wo d […] wi h he pas ense g e iminės a osenos pie wey. bo h o hese sen ences wi h neg dP in adjacen con ex s ha e almos iden ical sen ence equi alen s o hem, di e ing in he conjunc i e wo d om he one in ques ion (bu coinciding wi h he Polish o iginal). The sen ence o ime in he spelling: I don' know wha o do. I don' know wha o do. dP 13029 [...] […]e pie wey ni[…]li Ab áhám was/ iam iu[…] ie[…] . He was bo n in he illage o Ab áhám. The Gospel Acco ding o Jonah (Jonah 3:13-14) is he i s book o he New Tes amen , w i en by he p ophe Je emiah. dP 12728 o [...] he pie wey was Ab aham's. W3 1359 Fi s o all, I don' hink Ab ahams is he one. See also Vee 5321 ALL_62_63_make as.indd 33 2011.06.17 08:23:48 al eady men ioned sen ence dP 34 ac a Linguis ica jū a ė Pajėdienė Li huanica LXII[…]LXIII This Regula ion shall en e in o o ce on he wen ie h day ollowing ha o i s publica ion in he O icial Jou nal o he Eu opean Union. [...] An equam Ab aham ie e , ego sum. jn 8,58 [...] πρὶν Ἀβραὰμ γενέσθαι ἐγὼ εἰμί. jn 8,58 con eying he line M 26:34 (a conjunc ion wo d and he wo d o de o he su ix is di e en om he co esponding Polish sen ence): [...] ioġ ßi nák i / neg gaidís du ka ú p agís / is ka us mans gîſsieś. dP 14828 ♪ You' e he one who's been h ough he nigh ♪ ♪ You' e he one who's been h ough he nigh ♪ W3 15412 has he iden ical co espondence in he Exile (only in his case in he Polish ex and no used wi hou pie wey), plg. : [...] I'll wai o you wo imes, I'll come back h ee imes, I'll come back h ee imes. dP 15016 [...] ey nocy nili ku dwák oć ápoie/ y k oć si mnie áp yß. This is he i s ime I' e seen his. In he case o W3 15618 dP 15915, he sen ence (assumed o be a quo a ion om Ma hew 26,75) has he co esponding p e ixed wo d lenkišką pie wey ni, bu he o de o he wo ds in he main sen ence is somewha di e en (close o he G eek equi alen ), e.g. [...] he i s neġis du ka ú p agîs is ka ús sigîsi mans. dP 15915 [...] pie wey ni ku dwák oć ápoie/ yk oć si mnie áp yß. This is he i s ime I' e seen his. W3 1623 o [...] pi m neng gaidηs du ka u giedos / ſſigiſi mans ηs ka us. Vee 1964 [...] “P iusquam gallus can e , e me negabis”. M 26,75 Ma hew 26:75 quo ed om he line o Ma hew 26:75 quo ed om he B e h en in he Pos ilion ( om he ou pa s o he Gospels compiled) he passage o ime is simila ly misspelled 29 (by e alua ing he choice o he wo d jungi): The i s ime you sang wo songs, you used me h ee imes. bP i 3737 Lenkiško o iginal's p oposed model in choosing he conjunc i e wo d does no ma ch dP 27823 sen ences wi h he i s neg, plg.: ku ié pi neġ in ikéio ne u éio bû p íwe s í no su em í bę małnei u êio bû lais í and p alidê i [...]. dP 27823 who did no wan o be [...] In he New Tes amen , he ime o ac ion is indica ed in he co esponding lines by choosing o he means o exp ession: he p e e ed cons uc ion wi h he p e ix i s come i s se ed (Ma hew 26:34) and he inal sen ence wi h he p e ix i s come i s se ed (Ma hew 26:19). ALL_62_63_make as.indd 34 2011.06.17 a 08:23:48 Wha is he meaning o he name Make as? P ijungiamieji laiko sakiniai su jungiamuoju žodžiu (pi m) neg senuosiuose XVi–XVii a. lie u ių aš uose 41 a icles by a icle [...] an equam Ab aham ie e , ego sum. jn 8,58 [...] πρὶν Ἀβραὰμ γενέσθαι ἐγὼ εἰμί. jn 8,58 6 The Len e. sen ences wi h neg g amma ical ime choices sen ence models bP dP sP V, no necessa ily V 7 (~36.8%) 28 (~49%) 9 (~69.2%) V, pe haps V a iam […]1 (~1.8%) […] Ves, neg V is 4 (~21%) 6 (~10.5%) 2 (~15.4%) Ves, neg V mus be 2 (~10,5%) 2 (~3,5%) 1 (~7,7%) Ves, neg Vbūs 1 (~5.3%) 3 (~5.3%) 1 (~7.7%) The Commission conside s ha he aid is compa ible wi h he in e nal ma ke wi hin he meaning o A icle 107 (3) (c) o he T ea y. Vbūs, neg Vbūs 4 (~21%) 5 (~8.8%) […] This is no he case. The Commission shall be empowe ed o adop delega ed ac s in acco dance wi h A icle 26 o supplemen his Regula ion by laying down de ailed ules o he applica ion o his Regula ion. Le 's say ha Vbūs is […]4 (~7%) […] Vam, no V a am […]5 (~8.8%) […] Mos o he na a i e p ope ies o he main clause o he conjunc i e ense sen ences wi h neg ha e he p edica e o he epis emic modali y o he main clause (see he da a p o ided in able 7). is a ely used […] a e he sen ence in daukšos and si ydo ex s36. In addi ion, in hese sen ences, he nega i e pa o he sen ence is no s anda d (no he whole sen ence, bu only pa o he sen ence).37 In his case, he e m is used o e e o a sen ence ha has a p eposi ion, such as a sen ence ha is a pa o a sen ence, a modali y p edica e ha ep esen s he au ho 's opinion and p esen s he s a emen as un ue, a modali y p edica e ha neu alizes he sen ence's nega ion (in he sense o e alua ing he u h o he p oposi ion), e.g. dP 43533 [...] he smile was no pie wey's, i was no his, i was he na ion's, i was M . Ma ye's. The sen ence W3 45116 36 dP 27823 can be in e p e ed as a posi i e one, e.g. 37 A mo phosyn ax cons uc is conside ed o be he nega ion o a sen ence, he unc ion o which (along wi h he main e b) is o nega e he sen ence. he nega ion o a pa o a sen ence can only a ec one pa o a sen ence, e.g. The Ci y (2005: 3 ). 38 on e alua i e p edica es see hol oe , judgemen (2003: 168[…]169). 39 on he e ec o a nega i e o nega i e elemen in he main coa ing on he adjacen coa ing, see C is o a o (2005: 31; 36-37). ALL_62_63_make as.indd 41 2011.06.17 a 08:23 The ollowing is an exce p om he epo : 42 jū a ė Pajėdienė ac a Linguis ica Li huanica LXII–LXIII sP i 14327 sakinyje pag indinį neiginio k ū į p ie sa ęs p i aukia pi m40, odėl The sen ence in ques ion can also be in e p e ed as posi i e ( he unc ion o he sen ence […] o say when he god appea ed in he chu ch), e.g. and he god himsel did no appea i s in Salamano's ba[…]nićioi negi buwo obułay pada i a and pabaig a. sP and 14327 God himsel did no allow him o show himsel in he coun yside. [...] he was pe ec in his c a smanship and docili y. sP and 14331 ( he s uc u e o his sen ence would be di e en in he cu en language42) Pag indinio dėmens a iniais einan ys epis eminio modalumo p edika ai i e a neiginio a osena gali bū i susijusi su iena iš s a besnių laiko sakinių su neg unc ions […] hese compound sen ences con ey in o ma ion abou he sequence (į ykusią a ba u inčią į yk i), ku ios ak y umu na a o ius neabejoja. o ac ions The cha ac e is ics o he na a i es o he la e al clause bP, dP and sP in he ex s o he sen ences wi h he na a i es o he la e al clause go only o he o ms o he pe sonal p o ec i e ac ions43 he nega i es a e no used in he side clo hing. The mos common na a i e o a side-show is he ac ion wo ds o he e en , con eying he esul ing o ma ginal aspec o he ac ion, e.g. Bu I don' know wha you' e alking abou . I 's God himsel . la / pi m nei p aſſideia ßiwa e. bP i 1352 Iopi Ka alischkis Wieschpa ie came i s and e used o accep he in i a ion. bP ii 4741 The e e ence o he ac ion ha has occu ed is some imes con eyed by he e bs o he ac ion o he p esen ense, e.g. : In he opinion o 40 almy gi ón, he scope o he nega i e ac ion in sen ences con aining non-compulso y op ional sen ence elemen s, such as ad e bs, is changing. Such op ional elemen s in nega i e sen ences a ac o hemsel es he ull powe o he nega i e (gi όn 2001 i: 381[…]382). In sen ences ha do no con ain such elemen s, he powe o he nega i e is p ima ily associa ed wi h he e b, see gi όn (2001 ii: 230). Huddles on, Pullum (2002: 717, 782), on he linea na u e o he nega i e p ope y. 41 on he sampling o he na u e o he pie wey plg. klemensiewicz e al. (1955: 468). 42 daba inėje kalboje pap as ai a ojami a ian ai, ku iuose sakinio elemen ai išsidės o ki aip, plg.: [...] pasi odė bažnyčioj ne anksčiau, nei [ji] bu o obulai pada y a a ba [...] nepasi odė bažnyčioj anksčiau nei [I ] was pe ec ly done. 43 Vy au as Amb azas p o ides examples o wo ds used in he bible in he e nacula wi h i s and second pa s (Amb azas 2006a: 453). ALL_62_63_make as.indd 42 2011.06.17 08:23:49 P ijungiamieji laiko sakiniai su jungiamuoju žodžiu (pi m) neg senuosiuose XVi–XVii a. lie u ių aš uose 43-page a icles [...] I don' gi e a damn abou God. I don' gi e a damn abou you. I don' gi e a damn abou you. O he , o a hickness o "I don' know wha o do. I don' know wha o do". O he , o a hickness o The 7 h Len e. P eposi ional ph ases wi h neg g amma ical ea u es p eposi ional ph ases wi h (b) The i s sen ence o he i s sen ence o he i s sen ence o he g e iminės a ne- second sen ence o he senos pi m 19 (100%) 48 (84,2%) 11 (84,6%) (~89,6%) second sen ence o he i s sen ence o he i s sen ence o he second sen ence o he i s sen ence o he second sen ence o he i s sen ence o he i s sen ence. second sen ence o he The p edica e o he main clause wi h he –1 (~1,8%) 1 (7,7%) (~3,2%) nega i e p edica e o he main clause o he epis emic modali y 17 (~89,5%) 44 45 (~78,9%) 45 12 (~92,3%) (~86,7%) In he case o he deon ological modali y, he main 2 (~10.5%) 11 (~19.3%) […] (~10%) is he p edica e o he seman ic ime o sen ences wi h (pi m) nega i e said iconically, e.g. : possibili ies o sen ences wi h non-accen ua ed o de o ac ions, which can be 44 iš jų 4 n . su būsimojo laiko p edika ais. 45 iš jų 6 n . su būsimojo laiko p edika ais. Iconicism is unde s ood as he endency o o m linguis ic s uc u es acco ding o simila i ies wi h pasakojan ikoniška eiksmų seka eiksmus pa eikia eiliškumo, pagal ku ią eiksmai yko / u ė ų expe ience, e.g., o go, o o de . Fo mo e in o ma ion on iconici y, see C o (1990), P inciples o iconici y in syn ax and he basis o biological iconici y codes, see Gi ens (1990), Iconic mo i a ion as a co espondence be ween linguis ic s uc u e and linguis ic meaning, whe e he o de o he clauses o a compound sen ence co esponds o he logical connec ions be ween ac ions (1985), Haiman (1985), and C is o a o (1985). ALL_62_63_make as.indd 43 2011.06.17 a 08:23 The Eu opean Pa liamen and he Council ha e adop ed a numbe o esolu ions on he si ua ion in he Democ a ic Republic o he Congo (DRC). 44 jū a ė Pajėdienė ac a Linguis ica Li huanica LXII–LXIII [...] o go i s , no o coun he sunse s. dP355247 o no iconically, e.g. : [...] who can' build a palace and li e in a house ha 's beau i ul and well-buil . [...] in he con aine . sP i 14317 sen ences wi h a wo-dimensional seman ic isual ep esen a ion (and unc ional usage) cha ac e is ic o neg: he sequence o usual and excep ional ac ions. The usual (unusual) sequence o ac ions desc ibes in eali y he usual ela ionship be ween wo ac ions, e.g. : [...] and we' e going o ie hem up like his. We' e going o be he i s o say no. We' e going o be he i s o say no. We' e going o be he i s o say no. bP i 1542 a conside able pa (a e age ~44%) bP, dP, sP o he sen ences in he p esen ense wi h he nega ion o he unusual (imposed) sequence o ac ions: ch ís us búwo pi m neġ iġ me gós gime. dP 4434 Ch yſ us był pie wey nili ſi ʒ Pánny ná odił. W3 4341 Ku io buwa p amin as nog Angelo / pi m neng ßiwa e p aſſideia. bP i 1266 [...] whe e he wisdom pe ished, he hi s did no die. dP 2353 and ... hey ha e been in he po since he beginning o he yea . 243 W340 [...] which is he i s o be measu ed by i sel [...] p ałkie iu małdas paweydeio n eykáłu iu. O he , o a hickness o I'm he one who asked o i . I'm he one who p ayed o i . O he , o a hickness o "I'm no a Pha isee, bu I'm a Pha isee, and I'm a Pha isee, and I'm a Pha isee, and I'm a Pha isee, and I'm a Pha isee". bP ii 42523 This is no he case. [...] i 's wissa p ânesse pi neġ s oios. I 's he i s ime I' e seen i in a long ime. dP 2352 is he [...] o ell he s o y o how he pie wey came o be. The seman ic possibili y o wo- one sen ences wi h neg indica es a close connec ion be ween he s uc u e o hese sen ences and he speci ic na u e o hei use in discou se. Sen ences wi h neg could be desc ibed no only as an o dina y sequence o ac ions aimed a d awing a en ion o he placemen o p oximi y o ac ions in ela ion o each o he , bu also as an unusual sequence o ac ions associa ed wi h he dis inc i eness o desc ip i e subjec s. No only did he au ho s o he ex s s i e o con o m as much as possible o he sen ence model p oposed by he o iginal sou ces, bu he o iginals o he sen ences al eady ci ed a e no longe epea ed. 48 apie konk e iza imą i in e p e a imą e čian biblijos eks us plg. alekna ičienė (2008: 31). ALL_62_63_make as.indd 44 2011.06.17 08:23:49 P ijungiamieji laiko sakiniai su jungiamuoju žodžiu (pi m) neg senuosiuose XVi–XVii a. lie u ių aš uose 45 line a icles bu also he gen e o he se mon is limi ed o he need o epea he mos impo an quo a ions om he o iginal sou ces when in e p e ing. The 8 h Len e. Time sen ences wi h neg: seman ic ways o desc ibing he sequence o ac ions bP dP sP The ollowing is a lis o he non-scien i ic icons o he Neoclassical Iconic Iconic Iconic Iconic Iconic Iconic Iconic Iconic Iconic Iconic Iconic Iconic Iconic Iconic Iconic Iconic Iconic Iconic Iconic Iconic Iconic Iconic Iconic Iconic Iconic Iconic Iconic Iconic Iconic Iconic Iconic Iconic Iconic Iconic Iconic Iconic Iconic Iconic Iconic Iconic Iconic Iconic Iconic Iconic Iconic Iconic Iconic Iconic Iconic Iconic Iconic Iconic Iconic Iconic Iconic Iconic Iconic Iconic Iconic Iconic Iconic Iconic Iconic Iconic Iconic Iconic Iconic Iconic Iconic Iconic Iconic Iconic Iconic Iconic Iconic Iconic Iconic Iconic Iconic Iconic Iconic Iconic Iconic Iconic Iconic Iconic Iconic Iconic Mix u es […] 3 1 […] 3 2 4 4 1 […] […] o he o al 2 8 3 6 12 3 20 22 8 2 3 – 10 (~52,6%) (žymė a seka seka seka seka seka iŠVados kalojaus daukšos and kons an ino si ydo we e ~42,1%) 9 (~47,4%) (žymė a s ill used qui e o en in he collec ions o se mons ( his is an a e age o abou a ~31,6%) 15 (~26,3%) (žymė a i h o all he sen ences indica ing he ime limi in hese w i ings). ~5,3%) 42 (~73,7%) (žymė a ~38,6%) 10 (~76,9%) (žymė a ~15,4% 3 (~23,1%) senajai lie u ių kalbai būdingi laiko sakiniai su (pi m) neg jono b e kūno, Mi- In mode n pa lance, he ph ase "wi h neg" has disappea ed, and he wo d "wi hou " is s ill used in he Pos ilesian and Sy iac poin s o he sen ence. The wo ds daukšos Pos ilėje wi h neg a e s ill used somewhe e, ega dless o he Polish o iginal. In he Pe icopes, he p esen ense sen ences wi h he conjunc i e wo ds i s neg and neg co espond o he Vulga e ense sen ences wi h he conjunc i e wo ds p iusquam o an equam and he G eek n ense sen ences wi h he πρὶν o πρὸ τοῦ, bu he syllabus is ela ed o he an iALL_62_63_make as.indd 45 2011.06.17 08:23:49 I'm going o go o Iana B e kuna [...] This is Jono 46 ac a Linguis ica Li huanica LXIILXIII is no ed among he iden ical biblical e ses jū a ė Pajėdienė ha do no men ion he p e ixing o he ime wi h (pi m) neg in di e en kinių kalbų siūlomais sakinių modeliais nesama. didesnis s uk ū inis panašumas Li huanian sou ces […] hey use he p e ixing o he ime wi h he wo ds neg o negampa ( a ian s only o he same Vilnius) and co esponds o he p e ixing o he singula o g e iminos neg in he ex o he Gospels and Epis les. The nega ion o he p e ixed wo d " i s " in he manusc ip s o daukšos and si ydo can be in e p e ed as a sign indica ing ha he p e ixed wo d "ne e " will be combined wi h he co esponding p e ixed wo d in o one compound p e ixed wo d. The b e kūno pos ilė i s neg can be conside ed an al eady o med compound conjunc i e wo d […] he ime sign wi h he i s neg is used in sen ences excep be o e he whole i s neg, bu no o ansla e he i s neg in hal . The seman ic possibili ies o he ime sen ences wi h (pi m) neg indica e he close ela ionship be ween he s uc u e o hese sen ences and hei use in speci ic discou ses. […] Sen ences wi h (pi m) neg could be said no only he usual, bu also he unusual sequence o ac ions designed o desc ibe he uniqueness o he subjec s. ŠaL iniai bP – b e kūnas jonas 1591: Pos illa Ta ai eſ i T umpas i P aſ as Iſchguldimas Euan- B e kūno Pos ilė. S udy, acsimile and dLk […] Compu e Linguis ics Cen e ex o he kompak inė plokš elė, pa . ona alekna ičienė. Vilnius: Lie u ių kalbos ins i u o leidykla, 2005. cu en Li huanian language. This is he i s ime in he his o y o he Eu opean Union ha he Eu opean Pa liamen has been consul ed on his ma e . Vilnius: Li huanian Language Ins i u e. LkŽ is a dic iona y o he Li huanian language, an elec onic e sion, a collegium o edi o s: ge uda nak inienė ( y . ed.), jonas Paulauskas, i u ė Pe okienė, Vy au as Vi kauskas, jolan a zaba skai ė. Vilnius: Ins i u e o Li huanian Language, 2008. www.lkz.l . […] nes le ebe ha d, aland ku 31999: No um Tes amen um G aece e La ine. This is he i s ime ha he New Tes amen has been ansla ed in o La in. S u ga : Ge man Bible Socie y. This is he Ge man Bible Socie y. I would like o ask he P esiden -in-O ice o he Council whe he he is p epa ed o accep he amendmen s abled by he Commi ee on he Rules o P ocedu e, he Ve i ica ion o C eden ials and Immuni ies. Gö ingen, in he yea 1929. ALL_62_63_make as.indd 46 2011.06.17 a 08:23 The ollowing is an exce p om he epo : P ijungiamieji laiko sakiniai su jungiamuoju žodžiu (pi m) neg senuosiuose XVi–XVii a. lie u ių aš uose 47s aipsniai / a icles S.P. ii […] P nk y Ka[…]an na Pos wielki I[…]zykiem Li ewskim P ze[…] W. X. This is he i s ime in he his o y o he coun y ha a pos has been published. Cons an ego Sy wida [...] W Wilnie [...] Roku 1644 in Šy wids Punk ay sakimu (Punk y kazań) [...] Li huanian and Polish wi h a cu a ed g amma ian guide published by D . F anz Spech . This Decision shall en e in o o ce on he day ollowing ha o i s publica ion in he O icial Jou nal o he Eu opean Union. Vee […] Vilen as bal amiejus 1579: Euangelias bei Epis olas [...] in ull and in pa gold-pla ed on he Li huanian S[…]od[…]ia by Bal amieju Willen a [...] Me u M. D. LXXIX. The Vulga e. ci ed om nes le ebe ha d, aland ku 31999: No um Tes amen um G aece e lojaus Daukšos La ine. s u ga : deu sche bibelgesellscha . W3 – Pos illa Ca holicka Mnieyſza. P ʒeʒ D. Iakuba W yka [...] W K akowie, 1590. – Mika- 1599 yea Pos ilė and i s sou ces, by Jonas Palionis. Vilnius: whi e s ipes, Li e a u a 2000. alekna ičienė ona 2005: jono b e kūno Pos iLė Li huania: he his o y o he sp ead. […] Jono B e kūno Pos ilė, also known as Ona Alekna ičienė. Vilnius: Li huanian Language Ins i u e, 13143. The i s is a ansla ion o he ex o he pos humously published wo k, The His o y o he Pos humously Published Tex (1591). […]A chi um Li huanicum 10, 29[…]60. This is he i s ime ha he Eu opean Pa liamen has been consul ed on his ma e . Vi us Amb as, 2006: His o ical syn ax o he Li huanian language. Vilnius: Li huanian Language Ins i u e. amb azas Vy au as 2006b: P ijungiamieji sakiniai. – Daba inės lie u ių kalbos he g amma , ed. I 's called Vy au as Amb as. Vilnius: Ins i u e o Science and 659–696. Encyclopedia Publishing, Balke ičius Jonas 1963: Syn ax o he cu en Li huanian language. Vilnius: S a e publishing house o poli ical and scien i ic li e a u e. Bae -Ja osla (1972) Syn ac ic Sla icism is a wo k o a . B no: he uni e si y o j. e. The Pu kinje. C is o a o Sonia is he au ho o Subo dina ion. This is a lis o ai po s in Canada, g ouped by ype and so ed by loca ion. William C o , Typology and Uni e sals (1990) This is he Camb idge Uni e si y P ess. In he la e 19 h and ea ly 20 h cen u ies, he Li huanian language was he subjec o a numbe o con o e sial cons uc ions in he Li huanian language. […] Spoken by 19, 67[…]88. "Lo d o he Flies" (1968), "Lo d o he nės senuosiuose lie u ių kalbos aš uose. Lie u os TSR aukš ųjų mokyklų mokslo da bai, Kalbo y a 19, 89–98. Flies" (1968), "Lo d o he Flies" (1968), and "Lo d o he Flies" (1968), "Lo d o he Flies" (1968), and "Lo d o he Flies" (1968), and "Lo d o he Flies" (1968). This is a lis o 48 ac a Linguis ica jū a ė Pajėdienė Li huanica LXIILXIII gelumbeckai ė jolan a 2002: Linksnių i p ielinksninių kons ukcijų sin aksė Jono B e kūno Biblijos E angelijoje pagal Luką (Ope a linguis ica Li uanica 1). Vilnius: Lie u ių publishing house o he language ins i u e. uni e si ies in he Uni ed Kingdom. ALL_62_63_make as.indd 47 2011.06.17 08:23:49 gi ón almy 1990: Syn ax 12, ams e damPhiladelphia: john benjamins This is he i s ime I' e seen his in a while. Gi en ha in 2001: syn ax. an in oduc ion 1 o 2. I'm going o Philadelphia. Gi en in Talmy (2009): he genesis o syn ac ic complexi y. This is a lis o ilms p oduced by he John Benjamin Publishing Company. Haiman John 1985: Na u al Syn ax. This is he i s ime I' e seen i . This is he Camb idge Uni e si y P ess. He mann Edua d (1912): "On he de elopmen o Li huanian conjuga ions. Jena: hol oe axel, ommansche buchd ucke ei. judgemen is a ū as 2003: desc ip ion o he compound connec ing sen ence mo pag indai. – Sin aksinių yšių y imai, ed. axel hol oe , a ū as judžen is. Vilnius: Li huanian Language Ins i u e, 115[…]172. Huddles on Rodney, Pullum K. Geo ey, ed., 2002: The Camb idge G amma o he English Language. Camb idge: he p ess syndica e o he uni e si y o camb idge. J. J. J. Jansson, 1911: Syn ax o he Li huanian language. […] This is Jonas Jablonskis. Selec ed w i ings 1, sud. This is Jonah Palionis. Vilnius: S a e publishing house o poli ical and scien i ic li e a u e, 1957, 435−549 . klemensiewicz zenon, Leh […]spławiński adeusz, u bańczyk s anisław 1955: G ama ica his o ical language o Poland. Wa szawa: The S a e P in ing House. Koženiauskienė egina 1990: speeches and dedica ions o he 16 h and 18 h cen u ies. The Vilnius: I 's science. Lieko Anelli 1992: The de elopmen o complex sen ences. Helsinki: he Finnish publishing house. Lyons john 1993: Seman ics 1[…]2, camb idge: uni e si y p ess. He is also he au ho o he book Seman ics 1[…]2, which was published by Camb idge Uni e si y P ess. The Masque o he Red Dea h: The Re lexi e Possession o he Mikhailo skys in he Pe iphe y o he Pos ilus This Regula ion shall en e in o o ce on he wen ie h day ollowing ha o i s publica ion in he O icial Jou nal o he Eu opean Union. Mies amo Ma i, 2005: S anda d Nega ion: The Nega ion o Decla a i e Ve bal Main Clauses in a Typological Pe spec i e. This is he i s ime ha he e m has been used in his way. Be lin, New Yo k: Mou on de G uy e . I'm going o ake a look a his. The wo d "ju a" is used in he Li huanian language o e e o a wo d ha is used o connec wo ds in he old Li huanian language. This Decision shall en e in o o ce on he day ollowing ha o i s publica ion in he O icial Jou nal o he Eu opean Union. ALL_62_63_make as.indd 48 2011.06.17 a 08:23 The Eu opean Pa liamen and he Council ha e adop ed a numbe o esolu ions on he si ua ion in he Democ a ic Republic o he Congo (DRC). P ijungiamieji laiko sakiniai su jungiamuoju žodžiu (pi m) neg senuosiuose XVi–XVii a. lie u ių aš uose 49 a icles by a icle Palionis jonas 1967: Lie u ių li e a ū inė kalba XVI–XVII a. Vilnius: Min is. PALIOTES JONAS, P.L. 1599: Pos ilus and his edi ions. […] Pos ilė and i s sou ces by Mikalojus Daukšos 1599 yea , by Jonas Palionis. Vilnius: whi e bows, 1322. Pisa kowa K ys yna (1984): His o y o he composi ion o he Polish language. W oclaw: he ossolineum. Valiu ė Elena 2006: The swi ch. […] G amma o he cu en Li huanian language, ed. This is Vy au as Amb as. Vilnius: Ins i u e o Science and Encyclopedia Publishing, 455 […] 461. The a icle gi es an o e iew o he s uc u e and empo al clauses wi h conjunc ion neg in old Li huanian W i ings seman ics o subo dina e clauses o ime bounda y wi h he conjunc ion (pi m) neg in old Li huanian w i ings (in ex s o j. b e kūnas Pos illa (1591), M. daukšas Pos illa (1599) and k. si ydas Punk ai sakymų (i […] 1629, ii […] 1644)). empo al clauses wi h he conjunc ion (pi m) neg we e used o exp ess a usual (unma ked) o unusual (ma ked) empo al ela ionship o e en s (pos e io i y). in all hese ex s mos equen a e empo al clauses wi h he compound conjunc ion pi m neg (only he compound conjunc ion pi m neg is used in empo al clauses in b e kūnas Pos illa). empo al clauses in oduced by he single conjunc ion neg (no longe used as empo al conjunc ion in Mode n Li huanian) a e ixed in daukša and si ydas. Some empo al clauses o daukša and Wujek ha e di e gen conjunc ions. One such clause wi h neg in daukša's pe icopes has a s uc u al simila i y wi h i s equi alen in Vilen as Euangelijos bei Epis olos (1579). Deli e ed on 3 Janua y 2011 jū a ė Pajėdienė Lie u ių kalbos ins i u as This Decision shall en e in o o ce on he day ollowing ha o i s publica ion in he O icial Jou nal o he Eu opean Union. The e-mail add ess is [email p o ec ed] ALL_62_63_make as.indd 49 2011.06.17 a 08:23 The ollowing is an exce p om he epo :