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Abstract

This work arises from having observed the shortcomings in the English Foreign Language (EFL) classroom in terms of the level of awareness and visibility of the social problem of sexism. Thus, it was decided to do some research in order to detect whether the materials used in the EFL classroom over the last few decades have followed an evolutionary process regarding this aspect. After analyzing numerous expert studies on the subject, it was evident that there seems to be indeed a positive evolution towards gender equality in the classroom. However, this process seems to be slow and not very significant yet. For this reason, it was decided to create a proposal composed of a series of didactic materials that were designed with the purpose of taking the first steps towards awakening awareness of gender equity in the students. Thusly, these co-educational materials could be used in order to increase the visibility of this social issue within the classroom, as well as to help these cross-curricular subjects gain more value and weight in the curriculum. The EFL subject brings us much closer to this purpose, as the English language is a fundamental universal communication tool that will enable us to reach a considerably wide audience. Moreover, since this proposal has a strong communicative character, it will be brought into the classroom from a Communicative Learning and Teaching (CLT) perspective, and Project-Based Language Learning (PBLL). This methodology will be the ideal approach in which to frame this dissertation, since it will facilitate reflection on the issue of sexism in learners through an interaction process between them.<br /> Blanco Cifuentes, Laura; Yebra Pertusa, José María

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Repositorio Institucional de Documentos

Publisher: Universidad de Zaragoza
Year: 2020
Source: https://zaguan.unizar.es/record/100869/files/TAZ-TFM-2020-548.pdf
Social awa eness and P ojec -Based Language
Lea ning in Seconda y Educa ion: Sexism in he
EFL Class oom
La conciencia social y el Ap endizaje de Idiomas
Basado en P oyec os en Educación Secunda ia: el
sexismo en el aula de Inglés (Lengua Ex anje a)
Au o
Lau a Blanco Ci uen es
Di ec o
José Ma ía Yeb a Pe usa
Más e Uni e si a io en P o eso ado de Educación Secunda ia Obliga o ia,
Bachille a o, Fo mación P o esional y Enseñanzas de Idiomas, A ís icas y Depo i as
Especialidad: Lengua Ex anje a: Inglés
Facul ad de Educación
Cu so 2019/2020
Table o con en s
Abs ac 1
1. In oduc ion 2
2. Objec i es 3
3. Me hodology 3
4. Jus i ica ion and Resea ch 4
4.1. Theo e ical F amewo k 4
4.1.1. His o y o eminism 4
4.1.2. Sexism in he EFL class oom 7
4.2. P ojec -Based Language Lea ning (PBLL) 18
4.3. Su ey: Resul s and discussion 22
5. P oposal 28
6. Conclusions 33
7. Wo ks ci ed 35
Appendices 39
Appendix I. Su ey 39
Appendix II. Google Class oom: Open Minds P ojec 45
Appendix III. Coope a i e Teams 46
Appendix IV. Lesson 0 - Engaging email 48
Appendix V. Lesson 0 - Compass Poin Cha 50
Appendix VI. Lesson 1 - Wo d cloud ac i i y 51
Appendix VII. Lesson 1 - YouTube ideo ac i i y 52
Appendix VIII. Lesson 1 – Thinking cha 53
Appendix IX. Lesson 1 - One-minu e o m 54
Appendix X. Lesson 2 – Song ac i i y 56
Appendix XI. Lesson 2 – Mo i a ing pos 58
Appendix XII. Lesson 2 – Mo ie clips ac i i y 59
Appendix XIII. Lesson 2 – Ta ge p ac ice 61
Appendix XIV. Lesson 3 – Flipg id ac i i y 62
Appendix XV. Lesson 4 – C ea ion o Equali y Campaigns 66
Appendix XVI. Lesson 5 - P esen a ion o Equali y Campaigns 68
Appendix XVII. Lesson 5 - Example o s uden s’ Equali y Campaign 69
Appendix XVIII. Uni Plan 71
1
Abs ac
This wo k a ises om ha ing obse ed he sho comings in he English Fo eign Language
(EFL) class oom in e ms o he le el o awa eness and isibili y o he social p oblem o
sexism. Thus, i was decided o do some esea ch in o de o de ec whe he he ma e ials
used in he EFL class oom o e he las ew decades ha e ollowed an e olu iona y
p ocess ega ding his aspec . A e analyzing nume ous expe s udies on he subjec , i
was e iden ha he e seems o be indeed a posi i e e olu ion owa ds gende equali y in
he class oom. Howe e , his p ocess seems o be slow and no e y signi ican ye . Fo
his eason, i was decided o c ea e a p oposal composed o a se ies o didac ic ma e ials
ha we e designed wi h he pu pose o aking he i s s eps owa ds awakening awa eness
o gende equi y in he s uden s. Thusly, hese co-educa ional ma e ials could be used in
o de o inc ease he isibili y o his social issue wi hin he class oom, as well as o help
hese c oss-cu icula subjec s gain mo e alue and weigh in he cu iculum. The EFL
subjec b ings us much close o his pu pose, as he English language is a undamen al
uni e sal communica ion ool ha will enable us o each a conside ably wide audience.
Mo eo e , since his p oposal has a s ong communica i e cha ac e , i will be b ough
in o he class oom om a Communica i e Lea ning and Teaching (CLT) pe spec i e, and
P ojec -Based Language Lea ning (PBLL). This me hodology will be he ideal app oach
in which o ame his disse a ion, since i will acili a e e lec ion on he issue o sexism
in lea ne s h ough an in e ac ion p ocess be ween hem.
KEY WORDS: EFL, sexism, gende equali y, gende equi y, co-educa ional
ma e ials, CLT, PBLL
2
1. In oduc ion
Inequali y in all i s o ms has been p esen in socie y since he beginning o ime. Thus,
i has ine i ably in luenced he a ious a eas o ou socie ies. One o hese ields has been
Educa ion, which has been ma ked by he ideologies, cul u es and eligions o each e a
and egion. Thus, oday, he e is a legacy o social imbalance wi hin he class ooms. In
his case, his pape will alk abou how he social p oblem o gende inequali y has
in luenced he educa ion sec o , mo e speci ically he English class oom. Th ough a
compa a i e s udy o di e en expe s in he ield, i became appa en ha he adi ional
me hodology in he English class oom consis ed, among o he hings, o ollowing a
con en ional ex book and a non-communica i e app oach. Thus, hese cou se books
con ained, and s ill seem o con ain, signs o imbalance in ela ion o gende equi y. This
may gene a e an in isibili y o he p esen sexism in he class oom and in socie y, and
e en an encou agemen o old- ashioned adi ional oles. Tha is why, a e de ec ing
hese needs, i was decided o design some co-educa ional ma e ials ha would mo e
away om his adi ional pe spec i e. The undamen al aim o his disse a ion is
p ecisely o p opose ma e ials ha a e di e en om hose no mally used in he
class ooms e en oday. This p oposal aims o b eak wi h he adi ional gende
pe spec i e, as well as o p o ide a much mo e in e ac i e and communica i e iew in
he English class oom. Besides, i is belie ed ha EFL subjec has a aluable po en ial,
gi en i s uni e sal cha ac e , which is he eache ’s obliga ion o exploi and make he
mos o i .
Thus, he s uc u e o he p esen pape will be as ollows. The i s sec ion o his
pape co esponds o he main objec i es o he p esen hesis, which ha e been achie ed
as a esul o ul illing some indispensable seconda y objec i es. The me hodology
sec ion can be ound a e i , which con ains all he equi ed s eps ha ha e been
necessa y o ca y ou his hesis. Also, he e is a undamen al sec ion, dedica ed o he
jus i ica ion and esea ch phases o his disse a ion, which ha e been key in iden i ying
he cu en sho comings in he EFL class ooms. Besides, an eme ging didac ic p oposal
was designed in o de o comba hese di icul ies encoun e ed. As well, a inal conclusion
con aining a summa y o he key indings o his disse a ion was d a ed, o end wi h a
bibliog aphy, on which his hesis elied o jus i y i s s a emen s and decisions. Finally,
some inal appendices ha will se e as ad an ageous suppo when i comes o be e
unde s anding he p oposal we e included.
3
2. Objec i es
The p esen disse a ion has been p oposed wi h a social pu pose, such as he igh agains
sexism in he English class oom, as well as wi h a linguis ic unc ion, in which he L2
will play a undamen al communica i e ole. Thusly, he main objec i es o his hesis
a e:
- To de ec he consequences ha sexism has in educa ion, mo e speci ically in he
EFL class oom.
- To c ea e some ma e ials, wi hin a uni plan p oposal, ha help o ackle his
p oblem (sexism).
In o de o achie e hese objec i es, i has been necessa y o accomplish some
seconda y aims, such as:
- To de ine and con ex ualize he concep o eminism and o analyze i s in luence
in oday’s socie y.
- To de ec he main de iciencies in cu en EFL ma e ials.
- To explain he p ac ical ope a ion o he PBLL me hodology.
- To su ey he a ge lea ne s and e alua e hei le el o awa eness abou sexism.
3. Me hodology
The p ocedu es ollowed in o de o ca y ou his hesis a e lis ed below. Fi s ly, he
hema ic line o in e es was chosen in o de o conduc a esea ch wo k in ha speci ic
ield (See Sec ion 4). A e choosing he opic, di e se pa allel ex s we e ead in o de o
compile a di e se and eliable bibliog aphy in which o suppo he subsequen
hypo heses. Wi hin his s ep, a esea ch on he opinion o di e en expe au ho s in he
ma e was ca ied ou wi h he pu pose o jus i ying his pape ’s decisions a he ime o
elabo a ing he didac ic p oposal. Then, a e ha ing me he a ge lea ne s, i was
decided o de elop a ques ionnai e o ind ou wha he s uden s ha e lea n so a abou
he issue a hand, as well as hei cu en le el o awa eness o he p oblem o sexism.
Once he sho comings had been iden i ied, he me hodology conside ed he mos
app op ia e was chosen, PBLL in his case, o begin designing he lesson plans acco ding

4
o he needs de ec ed. Once he uni plan was designed, he oppo uni y o pu i in o
p ac ice a ose. The implemen a ion phase consis ed o six sessions impa ed h ough he
Google Class oom pla o m, as well as h ough o he complemen a y s a egies. Finally,
a e implemen ing he las session o he uni plan, all he da a gene a ed so a was eady
o be collec ed and analyzed in o de o s a w i ing he p esen disse a ion.
4. Jus i ica ion and Resea ch
The ini ial eason o conduc his socio-educa ional disse a ion has o do, in his case,
wi h a pe sonal p e e ence. This choice was he esul o ha ing obse ed he
sho comings o oday's socie y ha a e un o una ely being e lec ed in many a eas such
as educa ion. Thusly, i was decided o ackle his p oblem di ec ly om he class oom,
speci ically om he EFL class oom. This esul s om he ac ha he English language
can ac as a powe ul communica ion ool due o i s uni e sal cha ac e and i could be
used o each a much wide audience. Also, as i will be seen below, i could be obse ed
ha , wi hin he Cu iculum A agonés o second yea o ESO, ega ding he EFL cou se,
social con en s seem o be pu ely ela ed o socio-cul u al and sociolinguis ic aspec s
ela ed o e e yday li e, li ing condi ions, and in e pe sonal ela ions and social
con en ions. Howe e , al hough hese con en s allowed o add ess social p oblems such
as sexism because o i s hema ic ex en , he opic o gende equi y is no p esen as such.
4.1. Theo e ical F amewo k
4.1.1. His o y o eminism
Be o e s a ing he analysis, i is conside ed essen ial o ame he p esen esea ch in a
his o ical con ex wi h he aim o aking pe spec i e on he o igin, as well as he scope o
he social issue o sexism and he eminis s uggle.
Thus, he his o y o eminism can be di ided in o h ee wa es. The i s wa e,
occu ing in he 19 h and ea ly 20 h cen u y, was mainly conce ned wi h women's igh
o o e. I begins in 1792, du ing he Ame ican Re olu ion, when he B i ish w i e Ma y
Wolls onec a publishes one o he ea lies wo ks o he eminis philosophy, A
Vindica ion o he Righ s o Woman, ha a gued in a o o pa liamen a y e o m. A e
ha , a wa e o eminis p o es s, ma ches and li e a u e ook place, which had se e e
5
consequences o many o he women joining his mo emen . This is he case o Susan
B. An hony who was a es ed o o ing in 1871 (2003: 4-5). Finally, he e ec i e end
o his i s wa e came wi h he a i ica ion o he 19 h Amendmen o he Uni ed S a es
Cons i u ion, in 1920, which denied he igh o o e o ci izens on he basis o Sex.
Howe e , du ing his same decade, in 1929, Vi ginia Wol publishes he wo k A Room
o One's Own, whe e she a gues ha a woman needs inancial eedom so as o be able o
con ol he own space and li e. Thanks o his inno a i e hinking o i s ime, he
incep ion o he ansi ion o he second wa e can be obse ed.
I was he eminis w i e and ac i is Be y F iedan who ini ia ed he second-wa e
eminism by publishing he book The Feminine Mys ique, in 1963. Acco ding o G ady
(2018), his wo k was no e olu iona y in i s hinking, bu i was e olu iona y in i s
each. 3 million eade s ealized ha eminism also had a uni ying goal: no jus poli ical
equali y, which he i s -wa e s had ough o , bu social equali y.
Also, in ela ion o he a icle by The Daily Eas e n News on he eminism wa es,
i can be a gued ha he jou nalis Glo ia S einem had an essen ial ole in 1972 wi h he
libe al eminis Ms. Magazine. He s was a oice ha embodied he second wa e eminis
concep o compulso y se i ude and agili y since, h ough he magazine, she ini ia ed
a policy o e using ad e ising ha depic ed emale s e eo ypes o was deemed
demeaning o women (Encyclopaedia B i annica, 2020).
This same yea , he Equal Righ s Amendmen , designed o gua an ee equal legal
igh s o all Ame ican ci izens ega dless o sex, by Alice Paul, is passed in Cong ess.
Howe e , only 35 o he 37 needed s a es a i ied i , so he amendmen ailed.
None heless, he e o s o he s a e o Illinois we e unde way o e i e and a i y he
amendmen (The Daily Eas e n News, 2003).
One yea la e , in 1973, The Sup eme Cou ’s decision on Roe . Wade makes
abo ion a p o ec ed igh and e-legalizes i . Many his o ians iew he second-wa e
eminism e a as ending in he ea ly 1980s wi h he in a- eminism dispu es o he eminis
sex wa s o e issues such as sexuali y and po nog aphy (Goode and Ben-Yehuda, 2009),
which ushe ed in he e a o hi d-wa e eminism.
This hi d wa e, beginning in he 1990s, e e s o a con inua ion o , and a eac ion
o, second-wa e eminism. Acco ding o Ramp on (2008), in his phase, many cons uc s
we e des abilized, including he no ions o "uni e sal womanhood," body, gende ,
6
sexuali y and he e ono ma i i y. Feminis s o he hi d wa e s epped on o he s age as
s ong and empowe ed, eschewing ic imiza ion and de ining eminine beau y o
hemsel es as subjec s, no as objec s o a sexis pa ia chy.
Also, as G ady decla es (2018), he ea ly hi d-wa e ac i ism ended o igh
agains wo kplace sexual ha assmen and o inc ease he numbe o women in posi ions
o powe . In ellec ually, i was based on he wo k o heo is s o he ’80s such as:
Kimbe lé C enshaw, a schola o gende and c i ical ace heo y who coined he e m
in e sec ionali y (1989) o desc ibe he ways in which di e en o ms o opp ession
appea ; and he gende heo is Judi h Bu le , who a gued ha gende and sex a e sepa a e
and ha gende is pe o ma i e, ha is o say being bo n male o emale does no
de e mine beha io ; ins ead, people lea n o beha e in a pa icula way o i in o socie y
(2-9). These wo au ho s’ combined in luence would become ounda ional o he hi d
wa e in o de o igh o ans igh s as a undamen al pa o in e sec ional eminism.
Wi h ega d o he abo e, i he e's one hing ha s ands ou abou he hi d-wa e
eminis s, is ha hey i elessly ad oca ed o women's igh o make hei own choices
abou he body and s a ed ha i was a basic igh o ha e access o bi h con ol and
abo ion.
Las ly, he e a e se e al au ho s ha conside ha a ou h wa e is cu en ly being
buil . O e he pas ew yea s, he incessan eme gence o new social media has b ough
wi h i a la ge numbe o pla o ms ha ha e helped o inc ease he isibili y o he
eminis s uggle. Acco ding o G ady (2018), as such, he ou h wa e’s beginnings
could ha e aken place a ound 2008, when Facebook, Twi e , and YouTube we e i mly
en enched in he cul u al ab ic and eminis blogs like Jezebel and Feminis ing we e
sp eading ac oss he web. No only ha bu , in he las decade, he In e ne has ga he ed
oge he he women o he wo ld who decided o claim hei igh s and condemn gende
inequali y. As i happens, an example o i could be seen h ee yea s ago, when he #Me oo
mo emen appea ed. In 2017, ac ess Alyssa Milano made his mo emen isible, which
became a ending opic on social media pla o ms like Twi e and Ins ag am o se e al
mon hs. Acco ding o Anna No h (2019), Milano’s ac ions came in esponse o a numbe
o women in Hollywood opening up abou hei own expe iences, many in ol ing sexual
ha assmen a he hands o well-known ilm p oduce Ha ey Weins ein.
The e o e, his “online s uggle” has always been abou aising awa eness o he
p e alence impac o sexual iolence, as well as o he gende inequi ies. Howe e , his is
7
jus one o many examples ha a e cu en ly d i ing o an inc ease in gende awa eness
and whose pu pose was and s ill is o c ea e a change.
4.1.2. Sexism in he EFL class oom
As i has been seen, du ing he hi d wa e, a ound he 1990s, a mo e gene al awa eness
o he consequences o sexism began o eme ge. Conce ned abou he in luence o he
abo e-men ioned pa ia chy, many esea che s begin o aise hei oices du ing his
pe iod, as i will be shown below. Mo e speci ically, awa eness o he scope o his social
issue began o g ow and di e en ields o s udy s a ed o ake ac ion. In ela ion o he
ield o educa ion, mo e speci ically in he EFL class oom, hese ac ions included an
analysis o he ma e ials used in he class oom, such as cou se books, as well as an
analysis o eache -s uden oles, in o de o ind he aces le by he sexism o ea lie
and cu en socie ies.
Un o una ely, educa ion has been subjec ed o he ideologies o each coun y and
e a since i s incep ion. This is ega ded as a se ious p oblem since educa ion is conside ed
he basis o all socie y and should he e o e be a neu al en i onmen , ee om he
in luence o any kind o opp essi e belie .
Wi hin his sec ion o he hesis, he collec ed da a om di e en au ho s esea ch
ega ding he consequences o he social issue o sexism in he EFL class oom will be
p esen ed. I is impo an o highligh ha he below-men ioned a icles a e a anged
ch onologically in o de o obse e whe he he e is a p og ession o whe he no much
p og ess has been made in ecen yea s. Besides, he selec ed sou ces a e a ied ega ding
he coun y o o igin o he esea ched aspec s. This way, i will be possible o iden i y
he sho comings and cu en needs o he language and ma e ials used in he English
class oom in ela ion o sexism in o de o ca y ou a uni plan p oposal ha aims o
comba hese di icul ies (See Sec ion 5).
Linda Riddell a gues: “Educa ional equali y in composi ion s udies has been
neglec ed and his has impo an ly a ec ed ou s uden s” (1992: 3). Acco ding o he , his
neglec is e idenced by he small pe cen ages o appea ances o eminis a icles in
p o essional jou nals, which u u e eache s and g adua e s uden s will ely on o hei
esea ch wo ks in he ield. Tha is he eason why Riddell o e s sugges ions and insigh
in o some o he mo e p og essi e and success ul cu icula o e ed by eminis eache s
14
As Figu e 8 shows, while he -man compounds we e mo e widely used o some
occupa ions, gende -neu al e ms we e in popula use o some o he s. Among he -man
compounds, some we e deeply en enched. Compa ed o jus o e hal o he Hong Kong
s uden s who op ed o chai man and businessman (Lee, 2007), app oxima ely 90 % o
he Chinese EFL eache s used hese male e ms in he ansla ion es .
As Yu sugges s (2010), his may be due o he p eponde ance o men in he wo ld
o poli ics and business in mainland China. Fo example, pas and p esen leade s in China
a e all men (e.g. Mao Zedong, Deng Xiaoping, Jiang Zemin, Hu Jin ao and Xi Jinping).
Al hough his may be an answe o he a o emen ioned ansla ion endency, sexism in
language would be jus i ied h ough sexism in occupa ions, which s ill does no sol e he
p oblem add essed.

15
Figu e 8 – T ansla ion Tes esul s
In a sepa a e s udy conduc ed by his au ho , she seeks o in es iga e whe he he
Japanese go e nmen ’s a emp o p omo e a ‘gende -equal’ socie y in ecen decades and
he imp o ed s a us o women a e e lec ed in pa e ns o gende ep esen a ion in
Japanese EFL ex books (Lee, 2018). The indings o he s udy e ealed some e idence
o gende equi y, including common use o gende inclusi e ocabula y (e.g. salescle k,
wai pe son) and he neu al add ess i le Ms. o women. Howe e , he ‘male- i s ’
phenomenon is s ill p e alen in con empo a y Japanese ex books, sugges ing he
seconda y s a us o women (Figu e 9).
16
Figu e 9 - Lee's e idence on Male i s ness
These esul s e eal ha despi e he Japanese go e nmen ’s a emp o ed ess
gende inequali y, gende bias dis a o ing women is s ill e iden in he books examined,
hough in di e en deg ees (Lee, 2018).
In ela ion o Spain, he s udy by Pé ez-Saba e (2015) on sexism in he EFL cou se
books will be aken as a e e ence. Th ough a discou se analysis, she examines he
discou se p ac ices o some o he mos ep esen a i e EFL ex books published in he
las decades in Spain. As i will be obse ed h ough he examples below, his analysis
showed ha women we e unde ep esen ed in he EFL ex books du ing he las decades
o he 20 h cen u y. Howe e , some ecen analyzed ma e ials unde he Common
Eu opean F amewo k o Re e ence show a mo e balanced ep esen a ion o bo h gende s.
Figu e 10. Woman as he co-pilo (Pé ez-Saba e , 2015)
As he igu e abo e shows, in 1995 cou se books, women a e shown in old-
ashioned posi ion oles as sec e a ies, s ewa desses o co-pilo s as in he case o he
image (Figu e 10). As i can be seen, he ole pa e n o he p e ious examples showing
17
men in he 1990s wo king ou side hei houses, while women we e associa ed wi h indoo
wo ks, is epea ed. Howe e , in 2008 ex books, women begin o appea in jobs
adi ionally associa ed wi h men, such as enginee ing o mechanics (Figu e 11).
Figu e 11. Woman as an enginee (Pé ez-Saba e , 2015)
Besides, he au ho makes a quan i a i e analysis o he pho os and illus a ions ha
appea in he analyzed ex books and summa izes hem in he ollowing able:
Figu e 12. Quan i a i e esul s o he analysis o isual images (Pé ez-Saba e , 2015)
As Figu e 12 shows abo e, in 1995, women a e clea ly ou numbe ed by men
isually. Howe e , his seems o change mo e han a decade la e , in 2008, when bo h
gende s begin o be po ayed much mo e ai ly and equally. This is jus one o se e al
examples illus a ed by he au ho , bu he same can be said o he use o p onouns (i.e.
he, she, his, he ) and gene ic p onouns and e ms (i.e. men, si ) (Figu es 13 & 14).
Figu e 13. Masculine s emenine p onouns (Pé ez-Saba e , 2015)
Figu e 14. Gene ics emenine and masculine p onouns and e ms (Pé ez-Saba e , 2015)
18
As i can be obse ed, his shows e e y sign o being a common ac o in all he
abo e analyzed s udies: he di e en coun ies and schools seem o be making p og ess
wi hin his social a ea. Howe e , al hough we a e on he igh pa h, slow p og ess is
eco ded in his ield. This is one o he main easons why i is conside ed ha he e is
s ill a need o ind he s a egies o enhance his p og ess and o cons an ly wo k owa ds
he e adica ion o he men ioned gende bias.
Fo hese easons, he didac ic p oposal (See Sec ion 5) will be based on he c ea ion
o co-educa ional ma e ials ha encou age p og ess owa ds lea ning based on gende
equi y, ai ness and communica ion. To do his, he p oblem mus be app oached om a
me hodology ha helps o p omo e he mo e communica i e side o he L2 wi h he social
pa o he didac ic p oposal. Also, i is impo an o men ion ha his p oposal will ake
in o accoun , no only he mo e echnical aspec s o he English language, bu he social
aspec s equi ed when add essing a p ojec on social issues. On his basis, new ma e ials
will be p o ided wi h he undamen al aim ha he a ge lea ne s use he L2 o e lec ,
deba e and sha e hei opinions, as well as o deepen he unde s anding on he p oblem o
sexism. Thus, he s uden s will no only add ess he issue di ec ly h ough asks, bu hei
awa eness will also be implici ly aised by being in con ac wi h co-educa ional ma e ials.
4.2. P ojec -Based Language Lea ning (PBLL)
When ca ying ou a didac ic p oposal, i is essen ial o choose he app op ia e
pedagogical s a egies in o de o ensu e he ans e o in o ma ion o he a ge s uden s.
In his case, as will be jus i ied below, his s a egy is none o he han P ojec -Based
Language Lea ning. In his line, Weins ein e al. a gue: “Lea ning s a egies include any
hough s, beha io s, belie s o emo ions ha acili a e he acquisi ion, unde s anding o
la e ans e o new knowledge and skills.” (2000: 727). Acco ding o hese au ho s, i is
conside ed ha he e is a s ong connec ion be ween a pe son’s emo ional skills and hei
abili y o lea n a second language. The e o e, i is ega ded as indispensable o ake in o
accoun emo ional s a egies, such as social, when i comes o EFL eaching.
Besides, in his same line, Ox o d de ines: “Language is a o m o social beha io ;
i is communica ion, and communica ion occu s be ween and among people. Lea ning a
language hus in ol es o he people and app op ia e social s a egies a e e y impo an
in his p ocess.” (1989: 147). Acco ding o he , i can be de e mined ha social s a egies,
19
such as g oup wo k, in ol e a coope a i e ask s uc u e which can a o posi i e
in e dependence.
As o communica ion, coope a ing wi h o he s, as one o he undamen al p inciples
o PBLL, is going o allow he lea ne s o imp o e hei language skills, bu i will also
in ol e con olling impulses owa d compe i i eness and i al y, which is seen as a e y
p ecious quali y when i comes o igh any o m o social inequi y. This way, hey will
become awa e o o he ’s hough s and eelings by obse ing beha io s o o he s as a
possible exp ession o hei hough s (Ox o d, 1989). This could cons i u e a key ac o
o inc ease lea ne s’ awa eness on he opic o gende equi y. Tha is he main eason why
coope a i e lea ning was chosen o be one o he undamen al pilla s o he uni plan
p oposal. Thus, when ca ying ou he p ojec , coope a ion and unde s anding among
pee s will se e as a key ool owa ds commi men o he ask and he consequen
achie emen o he inal goal.
The e o e, wi h his in mind, he e is no choice bu o ame he didac ic p oposal
in an app oach o language eaching ha emphasizes in e ac ion as bo h he means and
he ul ima e goal o lea ning, ha is o say, a Communica i e Language Teaching (CLT).
Thusly, he compe ence on which his disse a ion will be ocused will be he
communica i e one. As Richa ds decla es (2006), he communica i e compe ence
includes he ollowing ou aspec s o language knowledge: knowing how o use language
o di e en pu poses and unc ions; knowing how o a y he use o language acco ding
o he con ex ; knowing how o p oduce and unde s and di e en ypes o ex s; and
knowing how o main ain communica ion despi e ha ing limi a ions in he L2. Taking
hese communica i e p inciples in o accoun , a p ojec wi h a social heme, in which
s uden s ha e o de ach hemsel es om he adi ional g amma ical con ex o he
class oom, will be mo e easily app oached. In addi ion, his new con ex o he s uden s
will o ce hem o look o new communica ion al e na i es, which will se e o ill in
hei de iciencies in ela ion o he L2 and which will be adap ed o he app op ia e egis e
in each si ua ion. Thus, he bes way o add ess hese pu poses was o make hem
in e es ing and e ec i e o he s uden s, making hem ocus on a opic ha is uly
anscenden . In his way, s uden s will be able o commi hemsel es o a eal cause ha
ma e s o hem and ac i ely wo k on i in o de o achie e a conc e e inal pu pose. Tha
is why, in he case o he p esen wo k, he CLT app oach is ma e ialized in P ojec -Based
Language Lea ning (PBLL). This communica i e me hod ocuses on engaging s uden s

20
in he exchange o in o ma ion, opinions, ideas, and so o h, in bo h w i en and o al o m
(Fa ouck, 2016). I also allows s uden s o engage in a p ocess o explo ing ideas and hen
planning, collec ing and analyzing da a and e lec ing on wha ha means wi hin a social
amewo k, in his case.
This app oach was conside ed ideal o he lea ning uni , since i s main aim was o
make he lea ne s hink om an analy ic poin o iew and e lec on he opic p oposed
so hey we e able o discuss hei indings and hough s wi h o he s, pu ing in o p ac ice
he abo emen ioned social coope a ion. Besides, since i was an uncommon opic o he
s uden s, he eache needed o a ouse hei in e es and engage hem h ough a p ojec
hey could enjoy om he beginning. Besides, he PBLL model allowed o imp o e
lea ne ’s mo i a ion and o ocus on meaning and o m a he ha o ms, ha is o say,
p io i ize luency o e accu acy, which was also one o he p oposal’s p inciple
objec i es.
Acco ding o La sson (2001), s uden s a e known o de elop g ea e
communica i e, hinking and p oblem-sol ing skills when engaged in PBLL. As K ajcik
and Blumen eld (2006) sugges , his me hodology is a o m o si ua ed lea ning, based on
he cons uc i is inding ha s uden s gain a deepe unde s anding o ma e ial when hey
ac i ely cons uc hei unde s anding by wo king wi h and using ideas. Besides, i
engages lea ne s in eal, meaning ul p oblems ha a e ele an o hem and socie y. This
lea ne -cen e ed app oach allows s uden s o in es iga e ques ions, p opose hypo heses
and explana ions, discuss abou hei own iews, coun e o he ’s belie s, as well as o
gene a e new ideas. These quali ies will be undamen al when i comes o making s uden s
hink and e lec on a cu en p oblem. Thus, exposing hem o co-educa ional ma e ials
will necessa ily gene a e a esponse, and hey will be able o e lec on he implica ions
o sexism in e e yday li e, as well as ha e he oppo uni y o discuss wi h hei pee s he
consequences o gende inequi y.
Mo eo e , Mi chell e al. (2019) poin ed ou ha PBL gi es s uden s he au onomy
o inc ease hei knowledge on he subjec , since hey a e able o apply wha hey know
o sol e au hen ic p oblems and p oduce be e esul s. They can wo k on hese skills
since his me hodology gi es hem he oppo uni y o b oaden hei lea ning by exp essing
hei na u al cu iosi ies. I also p o ides s uden s wi h he oppo uni y o use ICTs, wha
will connec hem wi h he eal wo ld and wi h hei pe sonal in e es s. Thus, new
echnologies will be a key ac o in he didac ic p oposal, since he use o ICTs and social
21
ne wo ks seems o be one o he s eng hs o he a ge lea ne s, as well as one o hei
main pe sonal in e es s. Thus, his ac o will be exploi ed in o de o encou age hei
cu iosi y abou he subjec , h ough he use o a ious digi al ools ha expose hem o
sexism in an en e aining and eal way. Besides, be o e exposing he s uden s o a p ojec
in which hey we e ac i ely in ol ed, i was necessa y o know he gene al concep s om
which hey we e s a ing. The e o e, and aking ad an age o hei amilia i y wi h digi al
ools, we decided o send hem an ini ial su ey (See Sec ion 4.3) ha would illus a e he
le el o knowledge ega ding he issue o sexism in he class oom, as well as he main
gaps o wo k on.
Wi h his in iew, in o de o s uc u e he p ojec p oposal (See Sec ion 5), he
expec ed lea ning ou comes o he p oposed uni plan will be i s ly de ined, o la e
di ide hem in o he s ages o a “lea ning jou ney” (Gil, 2020). Thus, hese s ages will
allow he a ge lea ne s o mo e o wa d wi h he p ojec in a clea and p og essi e way.
The men ioned s ages consis o he ollowing elemen s:
1. Ac i a ion. This s age is in ended o ac i a e s uden s’ p e ious schema a,
knowledge and language. Wi hin his phase, i will be possible o p esen he challenge
o he uni plan wi h he aim o engaging he lea ne s in he p ojec .
2. Disco e y. In his second phase, he s uden s will be p o ided wi h
comp ehensible inpu , so hey a e able o explo e, obse e, ask hei doub s and o ganize
hei ideas. Du ing his s age, i is impo an ha nego ia ion o meaning is p omo ed
h ough in e ac ion, om a luency-based pe spec i e.
3. Deepening. This s age will allow he lea ne s o gene a e ideas and make hei
own hypo hesis h ough sel and g oup hinking, as well as h ough discussion and
communica ion wi h o he s.
4. Planning. Wi hin his s age, he lea ne s will be able o o ganize hei ideas in
o de o manage hei la e demons a ion o lea ning. The s uden s will gi e and ecei e
some eedback in ela ion o he coope a i e wo k hey a e ca ying ou .
5. C ea ion. The lea ne s will c ea e an app op ia e p oduc o demons a e hei
lea ning on he uni . They will be able o design hei inal ou pu making use o di e se
ools.
6. Publishing. Du ing his s age, s uden s will ha e o sha e hei wo ks by
publishing hem in he ag eed manne . This will be hei oppo uni y o collec e idence,
22
and pu all hei ideas oge he in o de o demons a e ha hei wo k does ha e a sense
and ha lea ning has been e ec i e o hem.
7. Assessmen and e lec ion. Finally, hey will be assessed in o de o ensu e ha
he expec ed lea ning ou comes ha e been achie ed. Also, i is necessa y ha his phase
ocuses on he lea ne ’s needs and le el, as well as in he gua an ee o au hen ic
communica ion. To achie e his, di e en assessmen ools will be used (e.g. ub ics).
In his way, s uden s will ha e a clea e unde s anding o he pu pose o each o he
lessons, making he sessions mo e ele an o hem. In addi ion, i is conside ed ha he
uni plan p oposal cons i u es i sel a cogni i ely demanding ask, so his simple o
unde s and s uc u e will help o balance lea ne s’ di icul ies h oughou he lea ning
p ocess.
4.3. Su ey: Resul s and discussion
Du ing he P ac icum II pe iod, he possibili y o implemen he designed uni plan (See
Appendix XVIII) wi hin a bilingual second yea o ESO class a ose. This g oup consis ed
o 17 s uden s wi h a high le el o comp ehension and exp ession skills, especially o he
o al ones. Besides, i is impo an o highligh ha he hos school, IES José Manuel
Blecua, had a ai ly ad anced equali y p og am wi h di e en p oposals o p omo e social
equi y. The e o e, i could be said ha he a ge lea ne s we e al eady amilia wi h he
opic o sexism in some way.
Thus, in o de o know wha he a ge s uden s al eady knew abou he subjec
ma e , i was decided o design an ini ial su ey (See Appendix I) be o e s a ing o
implemen he uni plan. This ques ionnai e would allow he eache o know om wha
le el o awa eness he lea ne s s a ed, so he didac ic ma e ials could be adap ed o he
con ex o he class oom.
I is wo h men ioning ha his su ey was add essed in he s uden s’ L1, since i
was no designed wi h a linguis ic aim, bu o in o ma ion pu poses. I was essen ial o
make su e ha he lea ne s unde s ood all he ques ions p ope ly o ensu e ha he
answe s we e clea o hem and he e o e mo e eliable o he eache .
In his sec ion o he pape , hose answe s conside ed mo e ele an o he s udy
will be collec ed and analyzed, since hey p o ided he eache wi h signi ican inpu .
23
Thus, his disse a ion does no aim o make gene aliza ions based on a single su ey,
which has i s own limi a ions, such as he small numbe o pa icipan s, since om he 17
s uden s in he class oom, only 12 o hem comple ed he ques ionnai e (7 male and 5
emale esponden s). Fo his eason, he alidi y o he su ey is limi ed o his pa icula
con ex and i s undamen al unc ion is o collec in o ma ion ha can be used o he
subsequen design o he uni plan. In addi ion, i will se e o con as i s esul s wi h he
s udies o he abo emen ioned au ho s on sexism wi hin he EFL class oom (See Sec ion
4.1.2) in o de o obse e whe he hei hypo heses a e ein o ced o whe he hey
con adic he esea ch.
As i can be seen (Figu e 15), only 3 o he pa icipan s (25 %) seemed o know he
e m "Inclusi e Language", while 75 % indica ed no using o being unsu e o using i
when communica ing wi h o he s (Figu e 16). As examined abo e, he p oblem o gende
inequi y in language was p esen in all he EFL ma e ials analyzed (i.e. he sup emacy o
masculine e ms, such as p onouns (he/him) o i les (M .); he men ion o women as
subo dina ed o men ( he man and his wi e), e c.) (See Sec ion 4.1.2). This is also he
case wi h he lea ne s, who seem o be unawa e o sexism in language. In ela ion o his,
an illus a i e example o sexis language in he class oom could be ound wi hin opics
ela ed o occupa ions: he use o he masculine o m as a gene ic e m (i.e. policeman,
i eman, chai man, e c.); he associa ion o a p o ession wi h he eminine gende by
con agion om he sexis adi ion (i.e. wea he gi l, ai hos ess); he speci ica ion o he
male gende in a p o ession because i was adi ionally associa ed wi h women (i.e. male
nu se), e c. Thus, gap in he s uden s' knowledge was ound, which will lead he eache
o include ac i i ies ha a e use ul o inc ease hei awa eness on his issue, as we will
see la e in he uni p oposal.
30
See Appendix VI). This ac i i y helped he eache know how amilia he lea ne s we e
wi h he opic, while hey we e exposed o concep s ha we e new o hem. Wi hin he
nex ac i i y, he s uden s we e shown a YouTube ideo in which a speake p o ided
examples o sexis language we use in ou daily li es wi hou e en being awa e o i (See
Appendix VII). He e, many o he cases o language sexism ha we e so neglec ed in he
ma e ials discussed in Sec ion 4.1.2 (i.e. sexis language o alking abou jobs) will
appea . As indica ed abo e in ela ion o social lea ning s a egies (See Sec ion 4.2), his
coope a i e ac i i y aimed o gene a e a deba e on his opic in o de o encou age
in e ac ion and he sha ing o ideas so he lea ne s we e able o obse e he di e en
beha io s o o he s as a possible exp ession o hei hough s. Thus, o accomplish his
ask, hey had o ill in a hinking cha wi h he g oup's e lec ions on he sexis language
ideo. In addi ion, hey had o unde sco e hose aspec s o he ideo ha hey had ound
in e es ing, as well as he wonde ings ha may ha e a isen om his ac i i y, which will
also se e as eedback o he session (See Appendix VIII). Finally, he lea ne s we e
sugges ed o ill ou a one-minu e o m o exp ess hei opinion on Lesson 1, in o de o
ind ou how ele an he session had been o hem (See Appendix IX).
Following on om he o egoing, Lesson 2 was designed o allow he lea ne s
explo e he opic mo e closely and h ough di e en media. In addi ion, his session aimed
o lea n how o ecognize sexis beha io s in aspec s o daily li e, some hing ha un il
now wen unno iced by hem acco ding o he ini ial su ey (See Sec ion 4.3). To his
end, he s uden s we e in i ed o wa ch a ideo clip o a song whose con en was
po en ially sexis . In addi ion, hey we e gi en access o he ly ics so ha hey could
examine each sen ence ca e ully, so hey could easily iden i y hose elemen s ha wen
agains gende equi y. A e exposing hem o hese ma e ials, hey we e asked o e lec
on hem by comple ing a se ies o ques ions p oposed by he eache (See Appendix X).
As i can be seen, his ac i i y also included a small checklis ha aimed o make s uden s
awa e o he c i e ia ha he eache will ake in o accoun when co ec ing he ac i i y.
This will also gi e hem clues on how hey should app oach he ask, which will inc ease
hei sel -con idence, oo. To conclude his ac i i y, and in o de o make i ele an o
he whole g oup o s uden s, i was decided o publish a pos in Google Class oom wi h a
summa y o he di e en s uden s' e lec ions on he ac i i y. In his way, i will no only
ha e an indi idual cha ac e , bu e e yone could see he ideas and indings o hei pee s.

31
This s a egy will also help o p o ide he s uden s wi h posi i e eedback ha ewa ds
hem o hei good pe o mance on he ask.
In he nex pa o his lesson, s uden s we e p oposed o wa ch some clips aken
om amous mo ie scenes whe e old- ashioned sexis oles appea ed, such as “The
unin elligen women”, “Women can’ d i e”, “Man as he he o”, “Women as objec s” o
“The iolen male”. So, in hei coope a i e eams, hey had o analyze hese scenes in
o de o ind ou how hey we e sexis and ela ed o he p e ious ac i i y's song. Besides,
hey had o make a p oposal abou wha measu es hey would ake and wha changes hey
would make in o de o ans o m hese clips in o espec ul o women scenes (See
Appendix XII). Finally, he las pa o his lesson consis ed on doing a so-called a ge
p ac ice (See Appendix XIII). The aim o his ac i i y was o make he lea ne s
indi idually e lec on how hese kind o sexis beha io s can a ec hemsel es
pe sonally, hei own, hei coun y and he wo ld. This could be a use ul ask o inc ease
he lea ne s’ awa eness o he impac and scope o his social issue. Also, h ough hese
p oposals, s uden s would be pushed o e lec once again on possible esponses o sexis
beha io . Thusly, his wo k’s aim is no o di ec ly p o ide hem wi h he ools, bu o
make hem hink o hemsel es abou he di e en gende - iendly al e na i es o comba
s e eo ypes. In his way, and h ough he subsequen eedback om he eache ha would
se e o cla i y he s uden s' ideas, he lea ne s’ conce n shown in he su ey abou he
lack o co-educa ional s a egies could be sol ed.
Mo ing o Lesson 3, in o de o empowe social lea ning by encou aging s uden s’
e lec ion and in e ac ion, he lea ne s we e p oposed o wo k h ough a new social
ne wo k o hem, Flipg id. Th ough his applica ion, s uden s had he possibili y o
exp ess hei poin s o iew h ough sho ideos ha hey would la e sha e wi h hei
classma es and eache . In addi ion, his ool allowed hem o gi e eedback o each o he
and discuss abou hei p oposals. Thus, his coope a i e ac i i y consis ed on collec ing
all he in o ma ion ex ac ed om he p e ious lesson (See Appendices X, XII & XIII) and
gi ing i a o m o sc ip ha he lea ne s could p ac ice be o e uploading hei
explana o y ideo ega ding hei pe sonal opinion on he ma e ials wi h sexis con en
om he p e ious ac i i ies (See Appendix XIV). Rega ding he con en o hei ideos,
s uden s we e asked o gi e easons why hey hough he p oposed ma e ials con ained
sexis elemen s and o p opose ips o eplacing hese beha io s wi h o he s ha we e
close o gende equi y. Th ough his ac i i y, he s uden s we e able o go deepe in o he
32
opic and o p o ide he eache wi h some ou pu om he p e ious h ee sessions. This
way, he doub ul ea u es would be iden i ied, in o de o edi ec he lea ne s accu a ely
o he nex session in which hey would ha e o s a ou lining hei inal asks, ha is o
say, hei equali y campaigns.
A e ecei ing eedback om hei pee s and eache , he s uden s we e equi ed
o s a g ouping all he sugges ions, indings, ocabula y, as well as any o he concep s
hey had lea n h oughou he i s ou sessions o he Open Minds P ojec in o de o
s a shaping hei equali y campaigns, which would cons i u e hei inal ask. Thus,
Lesson 4 (See Appendix XV) would be des ined o he planning and c ea ion o such
campaigns. In o de o hem o ha e a clea idea o how he inal p oduc should look
like, he eache would p o ide hem wi h se e al models ha hey could ake as a
e e ence. In addi ion, ega ding he o ma , he lea ne s we e gi en di e en ideas abou
how o p esen hei wo k, such as an Ins ag am accoun ha he eache would c ea e in
o de o show hem a ied ma e ials ha hey could use o c ea e hei own. As men ioned
abo e (Sec ion 4.2.), he use o such digi al ools has undoub edly been e ec i e in
main aining s uden s' in e es h oughou he p ojec , while helping hem unde s and ha
he opic is global in scope and communica i e in na u e.
Finally, he six h and inal session (Lesson 5) was dedica ed o gi e s uden s he
oppo uni y o demons a e lea ning o he en i e uni (See Appendix XVI). Thus, he
lea ne s would ha e he oppo uni y o p esen and de end hei inal asks. In addi ion,
his session was key in assessing he s uden s' p og ess and wha hey ha e ac ually lea n
du ing hese six sessions. Th ough hei equali y campaigns, hey had o demons a e how
hey would apply he acqui ed knowledge o eal-li e sexis si ua ions. Thus, he s uden s
had o choose a digi al en i onmen and o ma in which o ma e ialize hei indings and
esul s. Fo example, aking as a e e ence he ools p oposed by he eache in he
p e ious lesson, hey would c ea e hei iden i y signs (i.e. a logo, a hash ag, a slogan)
and hey would depic hem on a pos e o in og aphic ha hey would la e upload on o
hei co po a i e social ne wo ks (See Appendix XVII). This is jus one example o he
a ie y o p oposals sugges ed by he s uden s, since hey we e gi en some lexibili y
when i came o embody hei p oposals. This was done in o de o he s uden s o do
hei own esea ch, discuss in eams and nego ia e he meaning hey eally wan ed o gi e
o hei campaigns. To assess his ask, a ub ic is used (See Appendix XV) in o de o
iden i y whe he he s uden s' p oposals achie ed he expec ed lea ning ou comes and
33
whe he hey me he equi ed e alua ion c i e ia o he uni . To make i easie o
s uden s o achie e he lea ning ou comes, a simple and somewha gene ic ub ic was
chosen, since mos o he s uden s we e acing his opic o he i s ime, and i was no
in ended o demand oo much accu acy in he L2 o a e y ho ough knowledge o he
con en s. This helped he eache o assess hem in a less es ic i e way, bu i was a
d awback when i came o g ading, since i was easy o all in o subjec i i y o
imp ecision. The e o e, hese inal asks we e de ended in he lea ne s’ coope a i e eams
h ough an online o al p esen a ion in which hey would ha e o de end hei wo k in a
way ha ensu ed equal pa icipa ion o all he eam membe s.
Wi h ega d o implemen a ion, his uni ul illed i s objec i e o inc easing he
isibili y o sexism in he class oom and he commi men o lea ne s o he p ojec . Also,
i can be said ha he a ge s uden s ha e lea n o de elop hei own ma e ials in a o
o gende equi y, which is conside ed a success. Howe e , due o i s digi al na u e and
he lack o p esence-based moni o ing, i has been qui e di icul o ensu e equi able
pa icipa ion, as well as o al in e ac ion among pee s, in many cases. Ne e heless, his
p oposal is conside ed o mee he aim o illing he gaps de ec ed in he EFL ma e ials
analyzed and in he da a p o ided by he ini ial su ey o he a ge lea ne s. Thus, i could
be said ha his uni plan cons i u es a i s s ep in exposing s uden s o he p oblem o
sexism in he class oom, as well as in p o iding hem wi h he basic concep s on which
hey can con inue o build hei knowledge on he subjec ma e .
6. Conclusions
This hesis has sough o demons a e ha om an EFL class oom con ex i is possible
o c ea e new eali ies h ough he didac ic s a egies used o manage he eaching-
lea ning p ocess. Fo his eason, he eache mus ca e ully adap o design he
educa ional ma e ials hey use when eaching a second language, since his will
signi ican ly in luence he s uden s' pe o mance and hei way o communica ing wi h
he wo ld. Fo his eason, be o e ackling a speci ic opic in class, eache s mus ask
hemsel es wha he eal pu pose o hei lessons is. Thus, i he answe is o c ea e a co-
educa ional and communica i e en i onmen , he e is an obliga ion o implemen a se ies
o lessons ha will help achie e his goal. Fo his eason, i was decided o c ea e
ma e ials ha go beyond he adi ional, o encou age e lec ion and c i ical hinking o
34
he lea ne s on issues o g ea social impo ance such as sexism. A i s , h ough he
ini ial su ey i could be seen ha his was an uncommon opic in he class oom ha could
a ouse in e es in mos o he a ge s uden s. Thus, he didac ic p oposal aims o bene i
om his ad an age o design new ma e ials on a blank can as and look o he
app op ia e s a egies o make i ele an o he s uden s. F om his ini ia i e, some
ma e ials ha we e in ended o connec wi h he in e es s o he s uden s eme ged, wi h
he aim o exposing he lea ne s o he social eali y o sexism in he class oom and make
hem awa e o his issue, as well as o p omo e nego ia ion o meaning h ough in e ac ion
among he s uden s’ g oups. These ha e been he main objec i es o his disse a ion,
which will be ul illed h ough he p oposal o didac ic ma e ials. This p oposal has been
ca ied ou om a communica i e app oach, ma e ialized in he P ojec -Based Language
Lea ning me hodology, which allowed o a o he commi men and he in e ac ion
among he lea ne s, ac o s ha a e conside ed essen ial a he ime o app oaching a
social cause as he inequi y o gende in he class oom.
35
7. Wo ks ci ed
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39
Appendices
Appendix I. Su ey
>>Own elabo a ion
46
Appendix III. Coope a i e Teams
>>Own elabo a ion

47
48
Appendix IV. Lesson 0 - Engaging email
These didac ic ma e ials we e p e iously included in he annex sec ion o he
P ac icum II epo (2020:21). This is an upda ed e sion, adap ed o he con ex o he
p esen disse a ion.
>>Own elabo a ion
49
50
Appendix V. Lesson 0 - Compass Poin Cha
>>Wo kshee : own elabo a ion
>>Image (compass poin s):
h ps://docs.google.com/p esen a ion/d/1HHBZFI2255JDsFAqaXhiqzubWO8oPg
Z2EeDNhRGeK_s/edi #slide=id.p25
51
Appendix VI. Lesson 1 - Wo d cloud ac i i y
>>Wo kshee : own elabo a ion
>>Image (wo d cloud): h ps://sp.deposi pho os.com/242882868/s ock-pho o-
sexism- ype-disc imina ion-wo d-cloud.h ml

52
Appendix VII. Lesson 1 - YouTube ideo ac i i y
>>Video: h ps://www.you ube.com/wa ch? =nPmek4sQ ms
53
Appendix VIII. Lesson 1 – Thinking cha
This appendix was p e iously included in he annex sec ion o he P ac icum II
epo (2020:12). This is an upda ed e sion, adap ed o he con ex o he p esen
disse a ion.
>>Own elabo a ion
54
Appendix IX. Lesson 1 - One-minu e o m
>>Own elabo a ion
55
62
Appendix XIV. Lesson 3 – Flipg id ac i i y
>>Own elabo a ion

63
64
65
66
Appendix XV. Lesson 4 – C ea ion o Equali y Campaigns
This appendix was p e iously included in he annex sec ion o he P ac icum II
epo (2020:13). This is an upda ed e sion, adap ed o he con ex o he p esen
disse a ion.
>>Own elabo a ion
67

68
Appendix XVI. Lesson 5 - P esen a ion o Equali y Campaigns
>>Own elabo a ion
69
Appendix XVII. Lesson 5 - Example o s uden s’ Equali y Campaign
These ma e ials we e p e iously included in he annex sec ion o he P ac icum II
epo (2020:17). This is an upda ed e sion, adap ed o he con ex o he p esen
disse a ion.
>>Example o s uden s’ campaign:
h ps://class oom.google.com/u/4/c/NjI4ODY0NzM1MzJa/a/ODc0NTEwMzQ4M
zVa/submissions/by-s a us/and-so -name/done
70
71
Appendix XVIII. Uni Plan
This uni plan was p e iously included in he annex sec ion o he P ac icum II
epo (2020:24). This one is an upda ed e sion, adap ed o he con ex o he p esen
disse a ion.
In o de o c ea e he speci ic lea ning ou comes o each lesson, i was i s
necessa y o ex ac , om he A agonese cu iculum, he second yea o ESO con en s o
suppo ou didac ic p oposal. Thus, he con en s o his lea ning uni a e lis ed below.
1. Unde s anding and p oduc ion skills and s a egies:
- Comp ehension and p oduc ion o o al and w i en messages cha ac e is ic o he
communica ion wi hin he class oom (ins uc ions, explana ions, dialogues)
78
Lea ning
Ou comes
A he end o he lesson, s uden s should be able:
-To lis en o a song and ead i s ly ics in o de o ecognize gende
inequali y exp essions.
- To w i e condi ional sen ences and use desc ip i e adjec i es in o de
o exp ess hei opinions and indings on he uni opic.
-To apply he new ocabula y o he uni when aking pa in an
in e ac i e dialogue.
- To apply modal e bs in o de o gi e w i en ad ice on how o
imp o e sexis beha io s.
Key
Compe ence
s
CLC, DC, L2L, SCC, CAE
Skills
Reading, W i ing, Lis ening, Speaking
E alua ion
C i e ia
C i .IN.1.1. C i .IN.1.3.
C i .IN.3.1.
C i .IN.4.1. C i .IN.4.2.
In e ac ion
pa e ns
1. Song ac i i y + checklis : The s uden s will lis en o a song in which
hey will ind some sexis ly ics. They will ha e o ca e ully wa ch he
ideo and analyze he song ly ics. They will ha e o no e down all
hose aspec s hey hink a e agains gende equali y. The eache will
sca old hem wi h some ques ions o make hem hink: Why is his
song sexis ? How do we know i ? Gi e e idence om he ideo and
ly ics. Which scenes o sen ences would you change o make his song
espec ul o women?
Finally, hey will ha e o comple e a checklis o ensu e hey ha e
success ully comple ed he ask.
2. Mo ie clips: In hei coope a i e eams, he s uden s will wa ch
di e en clips o amous mo ies. They will ha e o ela e each o he

79
mo ies o one o he sexis opic p oposed by he eache (“The
unin elligen women”, “Women can’ d i e”, “Men as he he o”,
“Women as objec s”, “Violen male” …).
Then, each coope a i e eam will be assigned one o hose opics. They
will ha e o e lec on ha speci ic ideo and answe some e lec ion
ques ions (See Mo ie Clips doc).
3. Ta ge p ac ice: Now he lea ne s ha e e lec ed on how sexism is
p esen in daily li e, hey will ha e o hink abou how his social
p oblem a ec s hemsel es, hei own, hei coun y and he wo ld
( a ge le els). They will ha e o p o ide a leas one idea o each
a ge le el.
Timing
Ac i i y 1: 20’
Ac i i y 2: 20’
Ac i i y 3: 10’
Assump ions
&
Di icul ies
The s uden s ha e al eady s udied how o use Condi ionals and Modal
Ve bs in p e ious uni s his same academic yea . These asks will be
use ul o hem as a e iew o hese g amma poin s.
Ex a wo k
(Fo e iew
o as
inishe s)
S uden s who inish he ask be o e he 50 minu es o class ime will
su he In e ne wi h he pu pose o inding a di e en song whose
ly ics a e sexis and hey will ha e o highligh all hose aspec s ha
hey conside a e agains gende equi y. I hey s ill ha e ime, hey
could w i e a sho e iew (5-6 lines) gi ing hei pe sonal imp ession
abou he song.
Assessmen
Assessmen ype: Con inuous and summa i e
Assessmen ools:
- Song wo kshee : a comp ehension wo kshee wi h ques ions ha
check he s uden s' le el o o al comp ehension when lis ening o a
song, as well as hei le el o w i en comp ehension when analyzing
80
he ly ics o he song o ex ac he key wo ds on gende inequi y.
(C i .IN.1.1., C i .IN.1.3., C i .IN.3.1.)
- Sel -assessmen checklis : a checklis o s uden s o check hei
w i en exp ession: whe he hey ha e included condi ional sen ences,
desc ip i e adjec i es, sugges ions o imp o emen , jus i ica ion o
hei answe s, e c. (C i .IN.4.1., C i .IN.4.2.)
- Mo ie clips wo kshee : a wo kshee wi h guided ques ions ha
allows he eache o check whe he he s uden s’ le el o gende
awa eness has inc eased when exposed o hese ma e ials. Besides, a
he same, his ools allows o check he lea ne ’s w i en exp ession
(e.g. he p ope use o modal e bs), and he deg ee o in eg a ion o
new concep s. (C i .IN.4.1., C i .IN.4.2.)
- Ta ge p ac ice: a able wi h di e en awa eness le els ha will allow
he eache o assess he deg ee o gende awa eness o he s uden s
a e his session. In addi ion, i will se e o check i he s uden s
in eg a e he lea n o e ised s uc u es in hei w i en exp ession
ask. (C i .IN.4.2.)
Ma e ials
- Song ideo:
h ps://www.you ube.com/wa ch? =iGs1gODLiSQ
- Song ly ics:
h ps://genius.com/Ch is-b own- ine-china-ly ics
- Song ac i i y + checklis wo kshee :
h ps://docs.google.com/documen /d/18a nE5ej9YDAxloGyi47l Go37lx 9mEa AQYFx Cns/edi
- Mo ie clips
h ps://d i e.google.com/d i e/u/4/ olde s/1uoGUkJX8J1xH9BGVA8L2i YGKI1chl0Q
- Ta ge p ac ice wo kshee
h ps://docs.google.com/documen /d/1P HEIiaTR bYae4SAM3V u380Rq6uS4-5mzMa_nYY g/edi
Lesson 3. Speak up!
(Deepening/Ou pu *)
81
*F om he p e ious wo lessons
Lea ning
Ou comes
A he end o he lesson, s uden s should be able:
- To apply modal e bs in o de o gi e o al ad ice on how o imp o e
sexis beha io s.
- To use connec o s in o de o w i e a cohesi e speech ha p omo es
gende equi y.
-To apply digi al ools and he ocabula y lea n in o de o send
equali y messages in he L2.
Key
Compe ence
s
CLC, DC, L2L, SCC, SIE, CAE
Skills
Reading, W i ing, Lis ening, Speaking
E alua ion
C i e ia
C i .IN.2.1. C i .IN.2.2. C i .IN.2.3.
C i .IN.4.1. C i .IN.4.2. C i .IN. 4.3.
In e ac ion
pa e ns
The s uden s will download Flipg ip app on hei de ices and hey will
log in wi h hei google accoun (@iesblecua.com). This way, hey will
be able o access he link p o ided by he eache s. Th ough his link,
hey will ha e access o an online pla o m whe e he opic “Open
Minds P ojec ” is sugges ed. The eache will ha e c ea ed a discussion
h ead (“Old- ashioned gende oles in ilms”). In his case, we will
use his h ead o ca y ou a coope a i e ask.
Fi s ly, he lea ne s will ha e o check ha hey ha e p ope ly
comple ed sec ion B in Lesson 2 - Pa 2 (Mo ie Clips ac i i y).
Then, hey will ake hei answe s om ha ac i i y sec ion ( o all he
ou ques ions) and gi e hem a “sc ip ” o m so i looks like a
ansc ip ion o a pe son speech. In o de wo ds, hey will ha e o
connec hose ou answe s in o de o c ea e a speech ansc ip .
82
They will be old o add connec o s o addi ional ideas o make he
speech sound mo e in eg a ed, na u al and in e es ing.
The Spokespe son o each Coope a i e Team will eco d he /himsel
gi ing a speech, using he ansc ip ha he whole eam will ha e
c ea ed. The main goal o he spokespe son o his ask is o
summa ize and ansmi he g oup ideas o he es o he class. The
spokespeople will ha e o “pe o m” he speech (a oiding eading i in
a mechanical way).
Then, all o hem will be able o access oday’s Flipg id opic h ough
a p o ided link.
The spokespeople will ha e o eco d a sho ideo (2' 30'' maximum)
and upload i so s/he can sha e he eam hough s wi h he class.
Then, he es o he coope a i e eams will ha e o gi e some
eedback* o he es o he g oups (all o hem). (The e will be a
sec ion in ended o ha pu pose). They will ha e o poin ou some
posi i e aspec o each Coope a i e Team. Al hough all he membe s
o he eam ha e o ag ee on he eedback p o ided o he es o eams,
i will be he leade o each g oup he pe son o w i e he commen s.
Finally, hey will comple e a checklis in o de o check ha hey ha e
comple ed he ask success ully.
Timing
Flipg id ac i i y:
Pa 1: 30’
Pa 2: 20’
Assump ions
&
Di icul ies
The s uden s lea n how and when o use Connec o s du ing he
p e ious uni (Uni 8. Re iews). This ac i i y will be use ul o hem
o e ise his lexical aspec .
Ex a wo k
Those s uden s who inish he ask be o e he alloca ed ime ha e he
possibili y o gi ing eedback o hei pee s h ough a esponse ideo
(ins ead o a w i en commen ). Besides, hey will be highly
83
(Fo e iew
o as
inishe s)
ecommended o do his so all o hem can p ac ice o al exp ession
wi hin his session (no jus he spokespeople).
Assessmen
Assessmen ype: Con inuous and summa i e
Assessmen ools:
- Sel -assessmen checklis : a checklis ha will be use ul o s uden s
o check whe he hey ha e used he modal e bs co ec ly o gi e
ad ice on he lesson opic, whe he hey ha e included connec o s o
link ideas, whe he hey ha e gi en eedback o hei pee s, e c.
(C i .IN.2.1., C i .IN.2.2., C i .IN.2.3., C i .IN. 4.1., C i .IN.4.2.,
C i .IN.4.3)
- Pee -assessmen h ough eedback commen s on hei Flipclip ideo
( he e’s a sec ion in ended o gi ing o al and/o w i en eedback):
eedback om pee s o assess whe he he ideos uploaded mee he
objec i es o p omo ing gende equali y, o sending equali y messages,
and whe he hese ideos gi e ad ice on how o imp o e sexis habi s.
(C i .IN.2.1, C i .IN.4.1)
- Video ansc ip : s uden ansc ip s o hei ideos ha will allow he
eache o assess hei w i en exp ession (e.g. app op ia e use o modal
e bs o gi e ad ice, use o connec o s o uni y speech). (C i .IN.4.2.,
C i .IN.4.3)
- Flipg id ideos: ideos ha will allow he eache o e alua e he
s uden s’ o al exp ession (e.g. app op ia e use o modal e bs o gi e
ad ice, use o connec o s o uni y discou se), as well as hei le el o
gende awa eness when analyzing he lesson opic and sending
messages o equali y ough a social ne wo k (use o ICT).
(C i .IN.2.2., C i .IN.2.3.)
Ma e ials
- Flipg id app + link/QR code
h ps:// lipg id.com/6889d3d1
- Ins uc ions + suppo checklis

84
h ps://docs.google.com/documen /d/1gkK9RE4zOdgXIaR O9sV37TjSB3b 0al4BmzKhPHE8M/edi
h ps://docs.google.com/documen /d/1gH85C C-xQooyYZL0PP uxnZgysXasK6EH9x7z -BRk/edi
Lesson 4. Building b idges
(Planning/C ea ion)
Lea ning
Ou comes
A he end o he lesson, s uden s should be able:
- To c ea e isual suppo ing ma e ials, using he L2, ha inc ease
gende equi y awa eness h ough g oup wo k.
- To apply he ocabula y hey ha e lea n , as well as he g amma
ules e ised h oughou he uni , o p oduce clea w i en equali y
messages in he L2.
Key
Compe ence
s
CLC, DC, L2L, SCC, SIE, CAE
Skills
Reading, W i ing, Lis ening, Speaking
E alua ion
C i e ia
C i .IN.4.1. C i .IN. 4.2. C i .IN.4.3.
In e ac ion
pa e ns
In hei Coope a i e Teams, he lea ne s will ha e o desc ibe hei
equali y campaign o “Jus ice Now O ganiza ion” by composing hei
inal p ojec s.
These p ojec s will ha e o include:
A powe ul sen ence o slogan
A logo
A ep esen a i e colo
A powe ul hash ag
An ad e ising pos e ha include: he slogan, he logo, he key
in o ma ion abou you campaign (b ie messages ha hey can include
85
in hei pos e s), hei hash ag, and any o he de ails hey conside
ele an .
A biog aphy. In his pa o he p ojec you a e going o ell us:
Who hey a e (e.g.: an o ganiza ion, a company, an associa ion, e c.).
They will ha e o ell us when hei g oup was o med, wha mo i a ed
hem o c ea e i , wha inspi ed hem... (ob iously, hey can make up
all his in o ma ion, since his p ojec is ic ional). (50 wo ds app ox.)
Wha hei main pu pose is. ( hey will be old o be e y speci ic in his
sec ion). e.g.: “ou main pu pose is o make people awa e o how
disc imina ion agains women can a ec hei wages and, he e o e,
hei job and emo ional s abili y...” (70 wo ds app ox.)
How a e hey going o achie e hese objec i es? (e.g.: we will achie e
hese objec i es by gi ing alks in di e en companies a ound he
coun y in which we will highligh he impo ance o …) (70 wo ds
app ox.)
A sec ion whe e people can add commen s (in he case on Ins ag am,
o example, e e y ime hey upload a pos , a sec ion o commen s
will au oma ically appea below).
Teache ’s sugges ions: They a e ee o choose he o ma hey p e e
o gi e o hei campaigns, as long as hey ollow all he s eps abo e.
Fo hose o he s uden s ha a e no su e abou which pla o m o use,
and since all o hem ha e exp essed an in e es in using social media,
we will ecommend ha hey c ea e an Ins ag am accoun . They can
c ea e an Ins ag am p o ile o collec and o ganize all hei ma e ials.
Fo example, in he case o he biog aphy, hey can ake sc eensho s o
hei ex s and upload hem in image o ma (i can be one o se e al
images, bu hey will ha e o make su e hey a e legible.)
We will sugges ou lea ne s o ollow (o jus check) ou Jus ice Now
O ganiza ion accoun : @jus icenow_o g
86
In his Ins ag am p o ile, hey can obse e some ad ice and models
ha hey may ind inspi ing o design hei equali y campaigns.
They will ha e o pay a en ion o he highligh s sec ion.
They will ha e o hand in hei campaign ma e ials, oge he wi h hei
speech d a s, a he end o he week.
Timing
50’ (class ime)
Assump ions
&
Di icul ies
S uden s a e al eady amilia wi h Ins ag am app.
S uden may need o dedica e ex a ime a home o inish designing
hei campaigns’ ma e ials.
Assessmen
Assessmen ype: o ma i e and inal
Assessmen ools:
- Rub ic: a ub ic wi h 4 le els o pe o mance ha will allow he
eache o assess whe he he ma e ials c ea ed a e isual and p omo e
gende equi y, whe he he s uden s ha e wo ked coope a i ely, and
whe he he g amma and ocabula y concep s lea n h oughou he
uni ha e been included (C i .IN.4.1., C i .IN.4.2., C i .IN.4.3.)
Ma e ials
- Ins uc ions + Rub ic
h ps://docs.google.com/documen /d/1 X2G_ XGmHnUcJYcDNyUMLOPUeP ZdVIh9O02Vm_gkU/e
di
- Ins ag am accoun : @jus icenow_o g
Lesson 5. The naked eye
(Publishing/Assessmen )
Lea ning
ou comes
A he end o he lesson, s uden s should be able:
- To c ea e an o iginal PPT p esen a ion ha shows commi men o he
uni p ojec .
- To p esen and de end hei own co-educa ional ma e ials in a
collabo a i e and equi able way.
87
- To apply he ocabula y hey ha e lea n , as well as he g amma
ules e ised h oughou he uni , o p oduce clea o al equali y
messages in he L2.
Key
Compe ence
s
CLC, DC, L2L, SCC, SIE, CAE
Skills
Lis ening, Speaking
E alua ion
C i e ia
C i .IN.2.1. C i .IN.2.2. C i .IN.2.3.
In e ac ion
pa e ns
In hei Coope a i e Teams, he s uden s will p esen hei esul s o
he eache h ough a Google Mee session.
As speci ied on Lesson 5 ins uc ions, when making hei o al
p esen a ions, he lea ne s will ha e o make su e hey:
1s : Make a sho in oduc ion, explaining he o igin o hei eam, he
eason why hey chose ha pa icula opic, e c.
2nd: P esen and explain all he de ails o hei campaign. They will
ha e o jus i y all hei decisions, ha is, he eache will ha e o know
why hey ha e chosen hose colo s, why hey ha e decided o design
he pos e ha way, why hey ha e chosen ha hash ag and no a
di e en one, e c.
3 d: Re lec on he impo ance o his campaign. Why ha e we ca ied
ou his p ojec ? Wha bene i s could hei campaigns ha e i we
showed hem o he wo ld?
The eache will also p o ide hem wi h some ecommenda ions, like:
- T y o include e e y hing you' e lea n du ing hese weeks.
- Jus i y p ope ly all you answe s o gi e hem a meaning.
- Pay close a en ion o he e lec ion pa .