75
h e sp a n i s h co n n e c i o n o F TH e an a T o m y
o me l a n c H o l y
an a sá e z hi d a l g o
Uni e si y o Valladolid
Robe Bu on’s Ana omy o Melancholy is an encyclopedia, a summa o knowledge
collec ed om lo s o wo ks and auc o i a es, classical, medie al and mode n au ho s. His
job as a lib a ian ga e him he possibili y o eading an eno mous quan i y o books, some
o hem English and o he s o o eign o igin. In ou pape we a e ying o analyse a pa
o hese o eign sou ces, he Spanish ones. Ou goal is o s udy wha kind o Spanish
wo ks he ead and consul ed (scien i ic, li e a y, philosophical, e c.), how hey a e used
h oughou The Ana omy o Melancholy, and hei impo ance in Bu on’s mas e piece.
Al hough The Ana omy o Melancholy seems o be a ea ise dealing jus wi h he
“kinds, causes, symp omes, p ognos ickes & seue all cu es” o melancholy, as
we ind in he sub i le o he wo k, mos schola s conside ha i is some hing
else: i is an encyclopaedia. Law ence Babb, in one o he i s monog aphic
books abou The Ana omy, eaches his conclusion:
The Ana omy is no jus he book which Bu on o iginally planned o w i e. In he
book which he ac ually p oduced, a pu pose is supe imposed upon a pu pose.
He has w i en some hing which is bo h a psychia ic ea ise and a commen a y
upon men and manne s... The Ana omy is o ganized as a ea ise on melancholy,
bu i s eal achie emen lies in he supe imposed c i icism o human beha iou .
(Babb 1959: 28)1
1. The idea ha Bu on’s ini ial concep ion o he wo k was ha o a ypical psychological
ea ise seems o me a bi doub ul, al hough i is clea ha he inal esul in he las edi ion he
e ised was qui e di e en om wha he had achie ed in he i s one.
76
As Babb poin s ou , his ea u e o Bu on’s wo k is no he esul o i s
s uc u e, which is e y simila o ha o o he medical ea ises on melancho-
ly;2 he di e ence lies in i s con en (which includes e lec ions abou poli ics,
social o ganiza ion, eligion, e c.), in he sa i ic one, in he usage o a gumen s,
illus a i e s o ies and auc o i a es. The au ho himsel , in he p e ace o his wo k,
en i led “Democ i us o he Reade ”, admi s his book is c ea ed as a compendium
o quo a ions:
I ha e labo iously collec ed his Cen o ou o di e s W i e s, ... The ma e is hei s
mos pa , and ye mine, appa e unde sump um si (which Seneca app o es) aliud amen quàm
unde sump um si appa e , which na u e do h wi h he alimen o ou bodies, inco po a e,
diges , assimula e, I doe conquoque e quod hausi, dispose o wha I ake. I make hem
pay ibu e, o se ou his my Mace onicon, he me hod onely is myne owne, I mus
usu pe ha o Wecke è Te en io, nihil dic um quod non dic um p iùs, me hodus sola a i icem os endi ,
we can say no hing bu wha ha h beene said, he composi ion and me hod is ou s
onely, and shewes a Scholla . (Faulkne , Kiessling, Blai 1989-1994: 11)
O cou se, he usage o au ho i ies is no an o iginal cha ac e is ic; in ac ,
Babb conside s i a peculia i y ha links he Ana omy no so much wi h he “new
science” as wi h he “old science”, because o i s almos blind eliance on au ho i y
(Babb 1959: 57 .). Howe e , he e is one impo an di e ence be ween Bu on’s
wo k and many o he s: he numbe o au ho s he quo es is o e 1300 (Babb 1959:
57 .), in which we may include classical, medie al and con empo a y w i e s.
How was i possible, o a Renaissance man, o ha e access o so many sou ces?
In gene al e ms, we may say ha he answe is s aigh : a e s udying a Ch is
Chu ch College, Ox o d, he was in cha ge o he lib a y o a ime:
I ha e beene b ough up a S uden in he mos lou ishing Colledge o Eu ope...;
o 30 yee es I ha e con inued (ha ing he use o as good Lib a ies as e e he
had) a Scholle 3... (Faulkne , Kiessling, Blai 1989-1994: 3)
I seems ha he had access also o he Bodleian lib a y, and, besides, he ga he ed
himsel a e y impo an lib a y, wi h mo e han 1700 i les (Kiessling 1988. Kiessling
1991). I is clea , hen, ha he was a book lo e , as i is e lec ed in his mas e piece.
As we ha e al eady said, he au ho s he men ions belong o se e al pe iods, and
also o a g ea a ie y o geog aphical o igins. Ou in en ion he e is o analyse he
e e ences o Spanish wo ks ound in he Ana omy o Melancholy.
Be o e beginning he s udy o hese books in he Ana omy o Melancholy i sel , i
migh be in e es ing o de e mine he books ela ed o Spanish subjec s Bu on
had in his own lib a y.4 Fi s o all, we mus di ide hem in o wo g oups: hose
w i en by Spanish au ho s, and hose alking abou Spanish subjec s. In he i s
2. The s uc u e o he wo k, p esen ed in synopses, would, in ac , make he eade s hink ha
he wo k is jus de o ed o medical subjec s. A acsimile copy o he synopses may be ound a he
la es comple e edi ion o Bu on’s wo k, he one I am using and quo ing in his pape (Faulkne ,
Kiessling, Blai 1989-1994). See also Fox 1976.
3. In one o he no es o his agmen he says he has been “keepe o ou Colledge Lib a y”.
C . Simon 1964: 1 . and Bambo ough 1989: x i.
4. See Appendix I o he lis o all hese wo ks. The numbe s in squa e b acke s e e o ha appen-
an a sá e z hi d a l g o
77
g oup, we ind a wide a ie y o in e es s: geog aphical books [512], accoun s
o he Eas e n and Wes e n Indies [306, 392, 695, 1484], biog aphies [1345], su-
pe na u al subjec s [982], bu mos o hem a e eligious books [324, 391, 590,
794, 864, 1044, 1345, 1400, 1668], which could be conside ed usual in a di ini y
schola . One o he mos s iking ea u es in he eckoning o hese Spanish books
is ha he e is only one medical book [1050], which is no speci ically de o ed
o melancholy. I is also in e es ing o poin ou ha jus one o hese books is
w i en in Spanish [733], and all he o he Spanish wo ks he uses a e o iginally
in La in o ansla ed in o La in. Babb s a es ha “ he e is no subs an ial e iden-
ce ha he knew Spanish” (Babb 1959: 54-5).5 This supposi ion will be e ised
when we s udy he Spanish wo ks in he Ana omy. Finally, i is also ema kable
ha he e is no any Spanish li e a y wo k in Bu on’s lib a y.
The second g oup, ha o wo ks e e ing o Spanish subjec s, could be
conside ed as he esul o Bu on’s in e es in his o y: hey a e libels, ela ions,
ch onicles o conc e e e en s, e en diploma ic and eligious p oblems be ween
England and Spain. Al hough we ind some examples o ansla ions in o En-
glish om Spanish wo ks [26, 28, 72], mos o hese ex s a e w i en by English
au ho s in English [321, 346, 756, 760, 962, 963, 1215, 1337, 1677], so wha we
migh expec is ha Bu on’s concep o he Spanish a ai s is condi ioned by
he an i-Hispanic clima e domina ing England in he 17 h cen u y.
This e ision o Bu on’s lib a y could ake us o some p elimina y conclu-
sions: his in e es in Spanish books seems o ocus on eligious and heological
subjec s; mos o hese wo ks we e ini ially w i en in La in, bu when he o iginal
e sion is in Spanish, he ies o ha e he La in ansla ion. His in e es in his o y
comp ises, besides, wo ks dealing wi h Spanish a ai s (as well as om o he
Eu opean coun ies, we mus add), bu in his case he elies mo e on his ellow
coun ymen han on any o he his o ians.
Bu does Bu on’s lib a y e lec somehow he usage o Spanish sou ces
in he Ana omy o Melancholy? In gene al, we migh say ha he di ision we ha e
made in o Spanish au ho s and Spanish his o y is, o a ce ain ex en , simila ly
p esen ed in his wo k: mos o he e e ences o his o ical e en s, kings, and
impo an cha ac e s a e no aken om Spanish his o ians bu om o he Eu o-
pean sou ces, such as Philippe de Commynes, Jean Bodin, An onio Beccadelli,
Baldasa e Cas iglione, Paolo Gio io, Jean F oissa o Emanuel an Me e en.
The only excep ions a e he i ems o in o ma ion aken ou o Juan de Ma iana
and Ál a o Gómez.6
Bu a de ailed s udy o he usage o Spanish au ho s in he Ana omy shows
ha Bu on’s knowledge o hese wo ks is qui e di e en om wha we migh
expec jus analysing his lib a y. Fi s o all, we mus bea in mind ha he num-
be o hese wo ks is, compa a i ely, eally scan , i we ake in o accoun he
5. Simon ci es some biog aphe s who conside ed he was almos bilingual in English and La in
[Simon 1964: 29]. We mus emembe ha he was he au ho o he La in play Philosophas e .
6. The lis o he main his o ical e e ences and hei sou ces in he Ana omy appea in Appendix
II a.
h e sp a n i s h co n n e c i o n o F TH e an a T o m y o me l a n c H o l y
78
whole numbe o au ho s quo ed h oughou he wo k, we only ind i y-one
Spanish au ho s quo ed7, ou o mo e han 1200 in he whole wo k. Secondly,
he knowledge o Spanish wo ks Bu on shows in he Ana omy is la ge han wha
we may conclude om he analysis o his lib a y, whe e we ha e only ound
wen y-one Spanish ex s; howe e , he quo es some o he ex s he had in his
lib a y: hose by Cip iano Eicho io [12], C is óbal de Fonseca [590], Ped o de
Ribadeney a [1345], and also some au ho s (wi hou a conc e e bibliog aphical
e e ence) whose wo ks ha e also appea ed among his books: Ba olomé de
las Casas [306], He nán Co és [392], F ay Luis de G anada [699], San Ignacio de
Loyola [864], Ramón Llull [982], Luis Me cado [1050] and Ga cía de Sil a y Figue oa
[144]. And hi dly, he e is a wide a ie y o subjec s in his mas e piece. I is s ill
ue ha mos o he i les quo ed a e ela ed o heology (7, 8, 14, 17, 20, 21,
28, 29, 30, 32, 34, 36, 38, 42, 43, 44, 45, 47, 50, 51), bu he ones he uses mo e
o en a e medical ea ises (4, 13, 16, 26, 27, 48, 49), al hough in his lib a y he
had jus one Spanish i le o medicine. Besides, he e a e s ill wo ks dealing wi h
he Indies (1, 6, 10, 19), wi h mo al philosophy (23, 35, 46, 51), his o y (24, 25),
biog aphy (15, 37), and some unique i les o as ology (5), geog aphy (12) and
del Río’s wo k (11) abou supe na u al subjec s, qui e use ul o Bu on in se e al
passages abou de ils and supe s i ions. Maybe he mos impo an con as wi h
wha we ha e poin ed ou in his lib a y is ha in he Ana omy, Bu on men ions
some impo an Spanish li e a y wo ks (2, 3, 9, 18, 31, 33, 39).
In hese quo a ions o Spanish wo ks and au ho s, Bu on, as he does wi h o he
ci a ions, is no sys ema ic in he bibliog aphical e e ences: some imes he gi es
jus he name o he w i e s, some imes he adds a bi o he o iginal ex (including,
om ime o ime, his own ansla ion in o English), and occasionally he gi es he
comple e e e ence o he wo k he is alluding o. Some schola s ha e conside ed
his a ied ways o ci a ion a e due o he ac ha Bu on elied on his memo y;
in ac , he was well-known among his con empo a ies by his good memo y (Babb
1959: 44; Renake 1972). The poin is ha , when he men ions Spanish wo ks, he
some imes gi es he bibliog aphical e e ence, and some imes i is omi ed. Then,
we may only examine wi h ce ain y he cases whe e he gi es us a comple e
bibliog aphical ci a ion. Acco ding o his, hen, i seems ha he used mos o
hese wo ks in he La in e sion (1, 4, 7, 8, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 16, 20, 21, 23, 26,
28, 29, 32, 36, 37, 38, 39, 43, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 51), mainly because he majo i y
o he i les he men ions we e o iginally w i en in he classical language (and i
is also no ewo hy o say ha all o hem we e e y success ul wo ks, ha had
gone h ough se e al edi ions). The only excep ions a e Fonseca’s Amphi ea um
amo um8 (14) and one li e a y wo k, Celes ina9 (39), bo h o iginally w i en in Spa-
nish, whose i le is indica ed by Bu on in La in.
Some names o Spanish wo ks appea in English (1, 4, 15, 31, 51). In he
7. Vid Appendix II o he comple e lis o hese wo ks, whe e we ha e numbe ed he i ems
and placed hem in b acke s, used o he e e ences in he body o he a icle.
8. The o iginal Spanish e sion was en i led T a ado del Amo de Dios, published in 1590.
9. The La in ansla ion was done by Gaspa Ba h, wi h he i le Po noboscodidascalus la inus, publis-
hed in F ank u , 1624. Renake (Renake 1972: 392-3) wa ns abou he possible con usion be ween
an a sá e z hi d a l g o
79
case o Acos a’s His o ia na u al y mo al de las indias (1), i was ansla ed in o English
by Edwa d G ims one, and published in 1604, so Bu on could ha e known his
ende ing in o his own language. O úñez de Calaho a’s Espejo de P íncipes (31)
was also ansla ed in o English as Mi ou o P incely Deedes and Knigh hood in 1579;
he i le Bu on uses o men ion his wo k, The knigh o he Sun, was p obably a
sub i le aken om he F ench edi ion (Eisenbe g 1975: x x x , x l i i i ). The e a e
s ill wo mo e i les in English: Li e & deeds o F ancis Ximenius by Ál a o Gómez
de Cas o (15), and he Fable o Man by Juan Luis Vi es (51). We ha e ound no
ansla ion in o English o any o hese wo ks be o e Bu on’s dea h.
Besides hese excep ional cases, we may conside ha he e is a gene al
endency which seems o poin o Bu on’s p e e ence o he La in language in
he Spanish wo ks, he e a e some doub ul allusions, whe e i is no possible o
know whe he he was using a La in, Spanish o English ex , and, signi ican ly,
all o hem a e li e a y wo ks. Wi h he al eady men ioned excep ion o Celes ina
(39), and mos likely Espejo de P íncipes (31), i is eally di icul o dis inguish which
is he e sion Bu on used o ead hese li e a y wo ks: all o hem had been
al eady ansla ed in o English when Bu on published he i s edi ion o his
wo k,10 bu ou au ho does no gi e any so o hin wi h ega d o he conc e e
sou ce he was using.
Maybe a use ul help o disco e he language in which he ead hese books
would be o pay a en ion o he li e al quo a ions om he ex s. Un o una ely,
no all hese wo ks a e men ioned in he Ana omy, and he ones wi h highe
incidence a e he La in ex s dealing wi h medicine (4, 13, 16, 26, 48, 49) and
heology (14, 21, 23, 28, 29, 32, 43, 47, 51), and hose o Ma ín del Río (11) and
Cip iano Eicho io (12). As o he i les men ioned in English and he doub ul
cases, only in one o hem he e is a quo a ion, in Vilano a’s Book o he oical lo e
(4), whose ex appea s in La in and English, so p obably, as in many o he
cases, Bu on was using a La in e sion and he ansla ed himsel he quo a ion
in o English.11 I seems likely, a leas o Vilano a’s book, ha Bu on ga e he
English e sion o he i le, al hough he wo k was ne e ansla ed, as we ha e
al eady seen o he English i les o Ál a o Gómez de Cas o’s (15) and Vi es’
wo ks (51).
In sum, as we had al eady o eseen, Bu on shows an inclina ion o use he
Spanish ex s in hei o iginal La in e sion o in he La in ansla ions o hose
his ex and ha o A e ino’s Cap icious Dialogues, ansla ed also by Ba h as Po nodidascalus (F ank u ,
1623), which ha e usually been mis aken as one single wo k. See Cas ells 1996.
10. Ma eo Alemán’s Guzmán de Al a ache was ansla ed in 1612 by James Mabbe. (Ve dague 1987).
El Quijo e appea ed in an English e sion in 1612 and 1620 by Thomas Shel on (Cunchillos 1987).
Thomas Paynel published he English e sion o Amadís de Gaula h ough he F ench ex in 1568; in
1581, An hony Munday w o e Palme in o England, also om he F ench e sion. (Unde hill 1899: 375
.).
11. I is qui e common o ind in he Ana omy quo a ions in La in and English; and usually he
e sions a e done by Bu on, some imes li e ally and some imes adap ing he o iginal ex o his
own pu poses (Sáez Hidalgo 1997).
h e sp a n i s h co n n e c i o n o F TH e an a T o m y o me l a n c H o l y

80
wo ks. Howe e , i is no always e iden ha he used hem a all, especially
when he jus men ions he au ho , bu he e is no e e ence o he wo k (5,
6, 17, 19, 22, 24, 25, 27, 30, 34, 41, 42, 44, 50), and e en when he e is no a
conc e e passage men ioned (1, 2, 3, 7, 8, 9, 10, 15, 20, 31, 33, 36, 37, 38, 45,
46). Fo example, i is ema kable ha he e e s wice o Amadis (3), Palme ín (33)
and El Espejo de P íncipes (31) close oge he (and once El Quijo e (9) is added oo),
as examples o “play-books” and “lo e oys”. He e, i is ob ious ha Bu on is
connec ing hese wo ks because hey belong o he same gene ic g oup, which
was qui e ashionable a he momen in England and he es o Eu ope, as i
can be seen by he amoun o ansla ions and new ex s du ing he la e 16 h
cen u y and he ea ly 17 h cen u y; howe e , he e is no e idence ha he migh
ha e ead o used hem o The Ana omy o Melancholy.
Ano he impo an poin o ake in o accoun in ou analysis is he ex ual
his o y o he Ana omy o Melancholy. The i s edi ion o he ex was published in
1621, and he e ised i e mo e edi ions (1624, 1628, 1632, 1638, 1651; he las
one, pos humous). In hi y yea s, he Ana omy g ew mo e han a hi y pe cen
(Faulkne , Kiessling, Blai 1989-1994: xxx ii .), and his addi ions a ec no only
he con en , bu also he bibliog aphical e e ences and no es. The majo i y o
he quo a ions o e e ences o Spanish books and au ho s appea ed in he i s
edi ion (abou a six y pe cen ); as we ha e al eady said, mos o he Spanish
wo ks used by Bu on we e e y well-known ex s, published in he six een h
cen u y and, usually, hey had been edi ed se e al imes, he e o e ou au ho
had he possibili y o consul ing hem o his i s edi ion. Some la e addi ions
e lec Bu on’s upda ed knowledge o he edi o ial wo ld: Juan Luis de la Ce da’s
De angeli cus odis minis e io (8), which was published in 1631 was quo ed in he 1638
edi ion, p obably because he e was no ime o include i in he p e ious one.
In gene al, he addenda do no seem o ha e a sys ema ic cha ac e , and
some wo ks, such as Amadís (3), a e men ioned once in he i s edi ion, a se-
cond e e ence is added in 1624, and ano he one in he ollowing issue o he
ex . Howe e , he e is one de ail ha a ac s ou a en ion: mos o he addi-
ions o he e e ences we a e s udying we e included in 1628. A me iculous
s udy o hese addi ions shows ha he e a e wo books included in his issue
o he Ana omy because he wo ks men ioned we e jus published: C is óbal de
Fonseca’s T a ado del Amo de Dios (14) was ansla ed in o La in in 1623; and Ba h’s
e sion o La Celes ina (39), he one men ioned by Bu on, appea ed one yea
la e . Al hough he e is one men ion o Rod igo de Fonseca which appea s in
he i s edi ion, he e e ences o his Consul a ionum medicinalium (14), published in
1622, appea om he 1628 edi ion.12 Besides hese cases, we ind, o example,
ha mos o he e e ences o Gue a a (18) appea also o he i s ime in his
edi ion, al hough his wo ks had been ansla ed in o English se e al decades
12. The appea ance o such an upda ed in o ma ion o newly published books means, acco ding
o Bambo ough ha “al hough mos o his e udi ion oday seems econdi e and only o an iqua ian
in e es –i o any in e es a all– i was o him and his i s eade s esh and exci ing, and pa o a
g ea and con inuing expansion o knowledge” (Bambo ough 1989: xxii).
an a sá e z hi d a l g o
81
be o e. Likewise, almos e e y quo a ion om Me cado’s medical ea ises (26)
is included o he i s ime in 1628, in spi e o he ac ha hey had been pu-
blished se e al yea s be o e.
I is qui e di icul and da ing o d aw a conclusion ou o all hese da a e-
la ed o he changes in each edi ion. The e migh be sund y ac o s o explain
hem: om chance o a sudden in e es in Spanish wo ks. Maybe i is he ime o
conside one impo an aspec ha migh be ac ing as a p ejudice in ou pape :
we a e examining he “Spanish wo ks in he Ana omy o Melancholy” as i hey we e
a whole, a cohe en and closed sys em o e e ences o Bu on. Ye , we ha e
al eady said ha mos o hem a e o iginally La in ex s, as he majo i y o he
scien i ic and heological p in ed ma e in Eu ope, so we migh wonde : when
Bu on quo es, men ions and alks abou hese au ho s and books, is he ha ing
in mind a so o “na ional iden i y”, sepa a ed om o he s?
Again, he answe is no easy, especially in a wo k wi h such a copiousness
o sou ces. Bu on seems o know he na ional o igin o some au ho s, and he
openly says ha Rod igo de Fonseca, C is óbal de Fonseca, Ál a o Gómez and
many o he s w i e s a e Spanish, bu he knowledge o hei bi hplace does
no mean he conside s hem a conc e e and independen g oup o in e es . The
only in e nal e idence we ha e o sol e his ques ion is ha o he p oximi y
in he usage o Spanish sou ces in he Ana omy, ha is, o see whe he hese
wo ks appea close oge he in he quo a ions. We ha e al eady e e ed o he
concu ence o some no els o chi al y, clea ly ela ed o each o he by o igin
and gen e. Besides, he e a e also some e en s o he conques o Wes e n (and
some imes Eas e n) Indies whe e he e is a coincidence o Spanish au ho s,
such as Acos a and He e a y To desillas (Faulkne , Kiessling, Blai , 1989-1994:
I, 44); some medical allusions, as when he men ions, among o he s, Luis de
Me cado and F ancisco Valles o b oaden he poin s o iew abou he causes
o he symp oms (Faulkne , Kiessling, Blai , 1989-1994: I, 419). One o he mos
cu ious concu ences is ha o A nau de Vilano a, Luis Me cado and Rod igo
de Cas o –Spanish, acco ding o Bu on, bu Po uguese in ac – (Faulkne ,
Kiessling, Blai , 1989-1994: I, 230), which could deno e an in e es in connec-
ing hem acco ding o hei na ionali y. In spi e o his, and o he se e al o he
examples o simul anei y, we canno conside i a sys ema ic usage h oughou
he Ana omy o Melancholy; usually, i is jus he common subjec hey deal wi h ha
b ings hem oge he , and, as we ha e al eady seen, he subjec s o heology
and Indies a e mainly ea ed by Spanish au ho s.
One inal poin we would like o ema k is some as onishing usage in Bu on’s
mas e piece o wo ks w i en by Jesui s. I is no s ange ha he ela ions dea-
ling wi h disco e ies o new lands, a good deal o hem w i en by membe s o
he socie y, would be used by Bu on. Fo example, he accoun s o Japan a e
aken om Acos a, Loyola, S. F ancisco Ja ie (Faulkne , Kiessling, Blai , 1989-
1994: II, 9). Bu maybe i is mo e amazing ha he includes in his heological
sou ces se e al Jesui au ho s (Juan Luis de la Ce da, Juan Maldonado, Ma ín
Azpilcue a, Juan de Pineda, Ped o de Ribadeney a, F ancisco Suá ez, F ancisco
de Toledo, Juan Bau is a Villalpando, and Ignacio de Loyola himsel ), usually
h e sp a n i s h co n n e c i o n o F TH e an a T o m y o me l a n c H o l y
82
conce ned wi h Coun e -Re o ma ion, and de ending he Roman posi ions agains
he Chu ch o England. Bu on a acks all hese “popish” a i udes, and, howe-
e , he includes mos o hei opinions in he Ana omy. I is one o he se e al
con adic ions he p esen s, in his a emp o show all he possible poin s o iew
conce ning e e y subjec .
P obably, he only conclusion we may d aw om all his desc ip i e analysis
is ha Bu on used Spanish wo ks (no many, and jus ashionable ex s), usually
in La in (al hough he could ha e known some English ansla ions), and ha
his in e es s we e mainly conce ned wi h heology and medicine. I is almos
impossible o ind in he Ana omy a sys ema ic usage o hese sou ces, as Bu on’s
mas e piece is no sys ema ic a all;13 i s con inuous g ow h h ough addi ions, he
a ie y o subjec s he pu s oge he , he con adic o y opinions he admi s show a
wo k o cumula i e knowledge, hough wi h an appa en clea s uc u e, as Ru h
A. Fox has poin ed ou (Fox 1976: 1 .). The a emp o econs uc Bu on’s usa-
ge o his sou ces is simila o ha o Adso o Melk in The Name o he Rose, when,
a e he lib a y has been on i e, he manages o escue some pages, agmen s,
e en some books. Wi h hem, he ies o econs uc he whole meaning o he
lib a y. The esul is, he e o e, a s o y made ou o blu ed aces.
APPENDIX I: SPANISH BOOKS AND BOOKS CONCERNING
SPANISH SUBJECTS IN BURTON’S LIBRARY14
a) sp a n i s h b o o k s :
[204] B andolinus, Lippus [B andolini, Au elio]. De a ione sc ibendi lib i es...
Adjec i sun , Jo. Ludo ici Vi es, d. E asmi Ro e odami, Con adi Cel is, Ch is opho i Hegendo phini,
de consc ibendis epis olis libelli. Basileae. (Ex o . J. Opo ini). (1549, Ma .)
[306] Casaus, Ba holomaeus [Casas, Ba olomé de las], Na a io egionum Indica um
pe Hispanos quosdam de s a a um e issima: p ius quidem... consc ip a, & ano 1551. Hispali,
Hispanice, anno e o hoc 1598. La ine excusa. F anco o i. Sump . T. de B y, & J. Sau ii
yp. 1598.
[324] Ce da, Joannes Ludo icus de la. De excellen ia coeles ium spi i uum; imp imis de angeli
cus odis minis e io, libe . Pa isiis. Ap. S. C amoisy. 1631.
[391] Co anus, An onius [Co o, An onio de]. Sapien issimi egis Salomonis concio de
summo hominis bono, quam Heb aei Cohole , G aeci & La ini Ecclesias en ocan ... Londini. [J.
Cha lewood .] pe J. Wol ium. 1579.
13. Acco ding o his, we conside ha Cas ells’ belie ha he Ana omy is “one o he i s English
commen a ies on Fe nando de Rojas’ wo k” (Cas ells 1996: 71) implies a sys ema ic p esen a ion
and analysis o his wo k, which is jus used o exempli y some cases o lo e melancholy. Bu on,
hen is using i in a agmen a y way, and no wi h a consis en s udy o he cha ac e s, as Cas ells
supposes.
14. We ollow Kiessling’s book, and use he numbe s in his ca alogue, as well as he desc ip ions
an a sá e z hi d a l g o
83
[392] Co esius, Fe dinandus [Co és, He nán]. P aecla a... de no a ma is oceani Hyspania
na a io... Ca olo... ansmissa: in qua con inen u sci u,... incola um mo es pue o um sac i icia, & e-
ligiosas pe sonas, po issimumque de celeb i ci i a e Te miz i ian... pe doc o em Pe um Saguo gnanum...
in La inum e sa. (No imbe ga). (Pe F. Peypus). (1524, 4 No. Ma .)
[451] Delgadillo de A ellaneda, Be naldino. A Libell o Spanish lies: ound a he sacke
o Cales, discou sing he igh in he Wes Indies, ... and o he dea h o si F ances D ake. Wi h an
answe e... by Hen ie Sa ile. London. J. Winde . 1596.
[512] Eicho ius, Cyp ianus. Deliciae Hispaniae e index ia o ius, indicans i ine a, ab u be Toledo,
ad omnes in Hispania ci i a es... U sellis. Ex o . ypog. C. Su o ii. 1604.
[590] Fonseca, Ch is opho us. Amphi ea um amo um... A a e Co nelio Cu io... La io
dona um. Ingols adii. Typ. W. Ede i. 1623.
[695] [Gonzalez de Mendoza, Juan] Gonsal us, Joannes. No a e succinc a, e o amen
his o ia de amplissimo, po en issimoque, nos o quidem o bi hac enus incogni o, sed pe paucis abhinc
annis explo a o egno China; ... Ope a Ma ci Henningo Augus ani. F anco u di ad Moenum.
N. pub. 1601.
[699] G ana ensis, Ludo icus [Luis de G anada]. Loci communes philosophiae mo alis, in
es omos diges i: in quibus Senecae, Plu a chi, alio umque... sen en iae,... con inen u . Coloniae.
Ap. A. Quen elium. 1604.
[733] Gu ie ez de Toledo, Al a o [Gu e ius, A.]. El suma io de las ma a illosas: y es-
pan ables cosas que en el mundo han acon escido. (Toledo). (Po Remon de Pe as) (1524,
Deziemb e)
[794] He e a, Alphonsus de. Discep a io ad e sus Lu he anos de alo e ope um bono um: qua
dilucide os endi u quid pe i u is opus Ch is ianus quisque apud deum p omo ea . Pa iis. Ap. S.
Colinaeum. 1540.
[864] Igna ius Loyola. Mys e ia pa um Jesui a um. Ex ipso um sc ip is, cum ide, e u a. Lam-
p opoli. Ap. R. Libe um. 1631.
[982] [Lullius], Raymundinus. Opusculum... de audi u kabbalis ico: si e ad omnes scien ias
in oduc o ium. N.p. N. pub. 1601.
[1044] Mendoca, F ancisco de [Mendonca]. Vi ida ium sac ae ac p o anae e udi ionis, ...
Coloniae Ag ippinae. Ap. P. Henningium. 1633.
[1050] Me ca us, Ludo icus. Libellus, de essen ia, causis, signis & cu a ione eb is malignae; in
qua maculae uben es similes mo sibus pulicum pe cu em e ump un . Basileae. Pe C. Waldki ch.
1594.
[1345] Ribadenei a, Pe us. Illus ium sc ip o um eligionis socie a is Jesu ca alogus, Lugduni.
Ap. J. Pilleho e. 1609.
[1400] Salamanca, Alexius. De epublica Ch is i dialogi es:... Lugduni. Ap. S. Ba p ole-
maei Hono a i. (Excud. J. Fau e). 1556.
[1484] Sil a Figue oa, Ga cia. De ebus Pe sa um epis ola... ad ma chinem Bedma ii. An e -
piae. Ex. o . Plan iniana. 1620.
[1653] Vega, Didacus de la [Vega, Diego de la]. Conciones espe inae quad agesimales,
supe sep em poeni en iales Psalmos,... Lugduni. Ap. H. Ca don. (Excud. Guich. Jullie on).
1600.
h e sp a n i s h co n n e c i o n o F TH e an a T o m y o me l a n c H o l y