Lauryno Ivinskio rankraščiai Krokuvoje

The Lithuanian calendars of Laurynas Ivinskis, a 19th-century educator of the Samogitians, were published only in 1846 and only in 1850 did they reach the readers of the time, and most of the works remained unprinted. Most of L. Ivinskio manuscripts are preserved in the Lithuanian Literature and Folklore Institute manuscript collection (hereinafter LLTIR), one other manuscrijo pt is ir In the manuscripts of the Library of the Lithuanian Academy of Sciences, Vilnius University Library and the Lithuanian National Library M. Mažvydas. Several works of L. Ivinsky are kept abroad — in St. Petersburg and Krakow. In the library of the Polish Academy of Sciences (Polska Akademia Umiejętności) in Kraków there are four manuscripts of Iwinski's works. Two parts of the first manuscript „Prigimtūmėnė turentė sawieje dalykus žemės, žoliun ir giwunun su parodimu anun žyjančių (zwierzgcych)“ (hereinafter “Prigimtūmėnė”) are preserved: Part 1. Częszcz 1. A landlady. Minerals. Fossilia ir Part 2. Part 2. Zoliemyna. Grass. Vegetabilia. The date of writing the thesis is not specified. Both parts are presented in different books of the library catalogue, the number of the first part is 1801, the second — 2824. The first part of „Žemėmina“ is bound in a notebook with a format of 22.5 and 18 cm, it has 61 pages, at the end of the last one is written: Pabajga pirmojo Atskiriaus. The First Kingdoms of Fossils. The first part is very neatly calligraphedWhat is written, marked pages. Alongside the Lithuanian term, the Latin, Polish, and sometimes German equivalents are given. ir jo The corresponding words in different languages are underlined in different colors, which are beautifully preserved to this day. The fact that these terms were really underlined by L. Ivinskis himself is shown by the inserted explanation of the colour of the word in one language. In a book called,, jo Crossing the line. Explicatio colorum (in Latin). Objaśnienie ar kolorów (in Polish). Meaning of colors (German).“, he indicates that the words in Lithuanian are underlined in green, the words in Brackets are o written in Žemaičių, the — words in blue are Latin, the words in red are Polish, and — the words in 102 yellow are German. — o — At the very beginning of the introduction L. Ivinskis defines ‘nature’ as: “Natural is the collection of all the things of creation that we see, can see, touch or feel in any way” (p. 1). After explaining all this in more detail, the author distinguishes three divisions or kingdoms: The First Division: The kingdom did not fight, taj ira: Earthquake (Earth). Fossilia (lot.) Ciata fossilis (left). The Second Separate: The Kingdom half-giwojē, taj ira: Zoliemyna. Vegetabilia (lot.) Rošliny (left). The Third Individual: The King lives, taj ira: Giwumina. Animalia (lot.) Animals (left) (p. 2). L. Ivinsky divides these sections into more detailed ir iš categories of systematic terms. Significant part of the introduction (p. 3-9) to describe the Earth. L. Ivinskis compares the Earth ir su other planets: “Our earth is [...] just a small dust grain close to the planets of the whole world. Ture buožies or ball pawejkstq other [...]. Su planets together wadinas: world. Systema solare” (lot.) (p. 3). He discusses the composition of the Earth, dimensions, parts of the world, climate zones, gives the names of the parts of the day and night, days of ir the week. Describing water (Wanduo, ūnduo. Aqua (lot.) Water (left). Water (voice) (p. 9)), L. Ivinskis first gives the names of the water bodies, starting with the ocean and the sea (Acchons. Oceanus (lot.) Ocean (left); Mare, Mare. Mare (lot.) Sea (left). See (vok.) (p. 9)) ir ending with a fountain (Tiszkinė. Aqua saliens (lot.) Fontana (left) (p. 10)). The author distinguishes two types of water: a) Wan- ! Some considerations on the spelling of the natural vowel. i The spelling of this vowel in this word varies slightly, somewhere written su with a diacritical o mark, elsewhere — be his, e.g.: prigimtūmėnė prigimtumenė. ir Similar examples are in others ir L. Ivinskis works, e.g.: jaunūmėnė "Polska-Słowack. ja" (in Polish). 593); wisumenė ir kitumenies („Pasauga“ p. 18 ir p. 26). In manuscripts „Stėwko o pisowni języka Litewskiego“ pisowni ir „O języka Litewskiego“, saugomuose "Ivanov L. explains why he ir voted u for Putin". Iš to the ir examples given by the author of the a interpretation shows jo that iru denotes the long dialect ū. This confirms ir V. Vitkausko "Northeast Mudmen- 's tų Dictionary" (V., 1976) examples: jauniimené (p. 113); Corylus avellana (p. 125); kitūmenė (p. 139). duo ordinary. Pure water (lot.) Water stout (left) ir b) Wanduo suszales. Water refrigeration duration (lot.) Frozen water (left) (p. 10), which are further subdivided. Continue L. Ivinsky presents the elements that make up ora (Hours. Air (lot.) Air (left) (p. 11)), this is Wanjiru. Hydrogenium (lot.) Hydrogen, hydrogen (left); Rugmeénis. Oxygenium (lot.) Oxygen, kwasoréd (left); English. Carbonicum (lot.) Gasoline (left); Salier. Nitrum (lot.) Saletrorod (left) ir Dvorak. Nitrogen (lot.) Nitrogen (left) (p. 11), indicates the names of the winds. Separately distinguished part Fire. Ignis (lot.) Ogieni (left) next to such terms as Perkūnas, Perkūnie, Graustiné. Tonitru (lot.) Grzmot, piorum (in Polish); Get it. Fulmen (lot.) Lightning bolt (left); Grausténis. Electricity (lot.) Electricity, —yka (left); Plaujénis. Galvanism (lot.) Galvanism (left) (p. 12), the ir following terms: Zara Sziauriné. Aura borealis (lot.) Dawn of the Seventh Day (lenk.); Earthquake. Motus terrae (lot.) Earthquake (left); The fall of Zwajzdziun. Lapsus stellarum (lot.) Falling Stars (lenk.); Ajézwaras, ajtwaras. Incubo (lot.) Kite (left) (p. 12) ir kt To name the moon L. "Ivanov: Synonyms". du Cousin. Luna (lot.) Ksieżyc (left) (p. 12) ir the following explanation: “Let the earth be bare; 50,000 times 49 smaller than our už earth" (p. 12). Next the author refers to the names of the moon phases, he uses the term variant month — Atminties mėnesio. Lunar phases (lot.) Variety ksiezyca (lenk.) (p. 13). In this section L. Ivinskis gives the ir names of the parts of the year and all twelve months. The introduction ends with the Sun. Sol (lot.) Storice (left) (p. 14)) description, indicating its dimensions, weight, distance from the Earth. The author lists all the zodiac plus a few other ir constellations. Zodiac of the term L. Irving does not use it, he gives other synonyms: du Žwerinė. Covering. Zodiac (lot.) Zodjak (left) (p. 15), o zodiac constellations are called signs of the sky (Zėnklaj dangaus juostos. Sign of zodiac. (Viae solaris) (lot.) Zodiac signs (left) (p. 15)). The main part, which contains a description of Zeméminy, begins at p. 16 On this 46 page part describes rocks, metals, 104 stones, soils, the largest mountains of Žemaitija, rivers, lakes, marshes and other ir still nature. As already written- *, LLTIR is also stored on the first page. 42 Part of the "Nature" Earthquakes (Earthquake. Fossilia (lat.)) and p. 64 index manuscript containing indexes of Lithuanian, Latin, Polish and German terms. The ir "Earth" indexes are written in separate ir notebooks. Compared to the part in Krakow ‘Žemėmina’ ir In Vilnius protected “Earthquakiš es”, we can immediately say, are variants of the same to work. Ir The main part ir of the one and the other manuscript, which describes the mineralogical subjects already mentioned, is almost identical, the terms are arranged in the same order, only in some places the spelling of the term ir itself differs slightly. For example, in the Vilnius manuscript ar (hereinafter referred to as — Frl. V.) first described rocks — Uotas vynu trukiu sudietas, kuriose niera fosilieju dalyku, giwajs sutwieriamas buwusiu (Prl. V. p. 3), In a manuscript in Kraków (hereinafter referred to as — Frl. Kr.) also begins with jų — The rock is long-standing, with no fossilized material. Continuous rocks, without fossils (left) (Prl. Kr. p. 16). Both manuscripts end with the same terms, e.g. : Wisznené. Cererium (lot.) Kamien Ceres (left). Cerinstein (voice) (Prl. V. p. 42) ir Wisznéné.[...] (Prl. Kr. p. 61). More differences can be seen when comparing the jvadine part of both manuscripts. Already discussed The introduction of "Žemėmina" is quite 15 extensive, o covering p., "Žemėtrų" — introduction 2 only p. Comparing both introductions, it becomes clear why the Vilnius ir Heading of a manuscript in Kraków. In Vilnius protected work L. Ivinski used other terms for kingdoms, e.g. : 1. The Queen did not fight or Earthquake. 2. Royal half-givoy, or Zolenes. 3. Royal ivy, or Giwolenes (Prk'v. p. 1), so the ir first part was called "Earthquakes". Introduction to this manuscriptSee Auksoriūtė A. L. Ivinsky's "Natural" taxonomic names // Terminology. 1995. No. 2. P. 58-65; the same — Lauryno Ivinskii Names of categories in naturalistic systematics // Lauryno Ivinskii Year of the 150— calendar. 1997. P. 33-39. 105 in the flower, as ir In the introduction of „Žemėminų“, explains what is the natural world, distinguishes three kingdoms and presents the same terms of systematic categories, just a few iš jų are different, e.g. : Separate. Regnum (lot.) Kingdom (left) (Prl. V. p. 2); Individual or The Queen. Regnum (lot.) Kingdom (left) (Prl. Kr. p. 2). Get out. Sub-order (lot.) Suborder (left) (Prl. V. p. 2); Pdeila. Sub-order (lot.) Suborder (left) (Prl. Kr. p. 2). Boatman. Sub-variety (lot.) Sub-variety (left). (Prl. V. p. 2); Paatmajné. Sub-variety (lot.) Sub-variety (left) (2nd ed.). pp. 2. The ir preparation of both manuscripts differs. The manuscript preserved in Vilnius is also calligraphically written, but there are some corrected words, the equivalents ir in other languages are not o underlined. Thus, when comparing the two manuscripts, it can be said that The manuscript of the first part of Prigimtūmenė, preserved in Krakow, is a supplementir ed and revised version of the second part, preserved in Vilnius. Second L. Ivinskii Part of the "Nature" "Groenmina" is 22,5 ir 18,5 cm written in a format notebook. This part presents a systematic list of plants, which describes the names 219 of plant families ir more than genera, as 2500 well as alphabetical indexes of Lithuanian, Latin, Polish and German names of these ir plants*. The pages of the list of plants are numbered, the part ši begins at p. 43 ir end of page, 261 followed by unnumbered arrows. At the end of the papers, they contain the names of the 2 plants, the arrow itself 4 o po L. Irving's Notes — This concludes the second part. It's over. 2 date partis (Plantarum) (lot.) The manuscript is written in black ink, only part of the German — arrow in violet. The text also contains some inserted words written in violet ink, other language equivalents are not underlined. By comparing the level of preparation of the first part of the second part of the Prigimtūmenė, it is clear that ir „Žolėmina“ is also prepared as ir In Vilnius, the version of the first part is preserved. The manuscript “Žemėtros” in LLTIR ends at p., 42 “Žolėmina” o continues at the beginning of p., this numbering shows, 3 See 43 the same author —Terminology of ordinary words in the 19th century (L. Ivinskio "Naturality") // Lituanistica. 1997. No. 3(31). P. 44-53. 106 when L. Ivinsky wrote the two parts at a similar time, and later o re-wrote the first ir part. Both the first and second parts of the manuscripts that are preserved Library of the Polish Academy of Sciences in Kraków, title pages mentioning the city of Kraków. The entry of these manuscripts į Krakow circumstances somewhat explains in the first part "Žemėmina" inserted letter. The letter, written in Polish, is dated 1877 m. September 13 d. It is intended for Academies of Sciences Kraków The Board of Directors, o jį signed Secretary of ir the Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences Dr. Kučynskis (Dr. Kuczynski). The letter says that according to July 20 d. Faculty of Mathematir ics and Natural Sciences resolution sent to the faculty professor Trusted by Janczewski L. Ivinsky's two-part manuscript, named Spis mineralow, rošlin i tworéw żywych (zwierzecych), written in Lithuanian (Žemaitijos), Latin, Polish ir German. In the opinion of šį the faculty, it would be useful to acquire the work for the language commission of the academy. The letter probably mentions the botanist, university professor Edward Franciszek Janczewski (Edward Franciszek 1846-1918), Janczewski, who 1873 m. He defended his dissertation on plant anatomy and morphology in Kraków. ir L. Ivinski šį your work E. EJančevski could have passed it himself, when before 1872 m. had attended the į Congress of Botanists in Warsaw” or could have forwarded it through ir another person. No sources have been found confirming as to what ir extent lu L. Ivinskis handed over his manuscript į Krakow. The letter mentions only two Parts of the "Nature", but the work titles of iš some ir Explanations by L. Ivinskis (e. g. : Nevertheless, when he began to investigate the parts of the earth and the heavens separately, he first mentioned the heavenly things. ir (Prl. Kr. p. 3)) can be understood that L. Ivinskis planned ir the third part of this work "Living", but no knowledge, ar ši part was written, is not. Second Library of the Polish Academy of Sciences in Kraków L. The manuscript of Ivinskis is 2232 in the catalogue number * About E. F. See Janczewski. Polski Glossary Biographical. Wroclaw-Warsaw-Krakow. 1962-1964. T. 10. P. 495-496. 3 For more details see. Petkevičiūtė D. Laurynas Ivinskis. V., 1988. P. 93-94. 107 marked Polish-Žemaičių dictionary (Stownik polsko-żmudzki). This is the largest pg. 2060 L. Ivinskis's lexicographic work, covering "A-R Letters in Three iš Volumes". The dictionary is written in black ink and bound ir in three separate books, the volume I includes psl., the 1018 volume II contains psl., the 1019-1767 volume III o — 1768-2060 psl. In some cases, additional sheets have been added to list the words to be inserted, 1819 e.g.: pg. inserted 7 word slots. The Samogitian part of the dictionary is quite extensive and contains a number of synonyms and explanations. Some examples of this vocabulary: Buchta, -ty. f. — Look, -tos. m. Wandens ing winters space before blowjob (p. 93). Clarz, —a. m. — Customs collector; Jamans duoni nuog miijta (p-133). Disponiwaé, v. a. — Pariedité, patajsité, iszpasakoté, kajp réjkia koké darba westé (p. 239). Wet, —na, —ne. adj. — Prisuditas, priwargintas, priwejktas, priwaritas (over the plough) (p. 1439). Reproductive, —cha, —cha. part. — Iwajsinamas. Zoliun ivajsos dalijkaj (Reproductive tools of plants. Vasa generationis plantarum) (p. 1918). The library catalogue states that šį The manuscript of L. Ivinskis’ dictionary was donated by Marija Oginskienė (Dar Marii z Potulickich Ogiriskiej). The third manuscript of L. Ivinski, which is in Krakow, is a work on Lithuanian grammar (,,Czasowanie stęw dla ich utozenia w szcišlejszy porządek“. Praca z zakresu gramatyki języka litewskiego), which consists of Polish tables describing the conjugation of Lithuanian nouns and verbs. It is a small 37 and 47 cm format manuscript. The catalogue states that this work is a gift of Stefania Birecka (Dar Stefanii Bireckiej). 6 For further details see J. L. Ivinskio leksikografiniai darbai //Proceedings of the Lithuanian Academy of Sciences. 1960. 1(8). P. 192; Vitkauskas V. Language characteristics of the writings of Laurynas Ivinskis //Lituanistica. 1996. No. 3(27). P. 23-24; Vitkauskas V. The lexicographic principles of Laurynas Ivinskis //Laurynas Ivinskis Calendar 150-years. 1997. P. 29-32. "See above for more details. Page 10 Vitkauskas V. Laurynas Ivinskis' writings. P. 22-23. 108 Much larger The work of L. Ivinski, which describes the Lithuanian language and is preserved in Poland, is a manuscript of Lithuanian grammar written in Polish. This work of the author is not completely prepared, it is clear ir that it is a draft, because there are paragraphs deleted, moved to another page. į Šį work L. Ivinsky begins from the definition of — grammar, the science showing the change of word endings to express different meanings, we call grammar (p. 1)*. It indicates the four main parts of grammar etymology — (Zrzédlosléw); syntax (stores); spelling (spelling) ir akcję (accent (iloczas)), lists six variable (noun, adjective, pronoun, numerals, verb, participle) and four unvariable (preposition, adverb, ir conjunction, emoticon) parts of Lithuanian language. The discussion of the parts of speech begins with the noun. He distinguishes five conjugations of nouns, which he calls formom (Forma), gives the masculine jų feminine noun ir endings, lists the ten noun verbs below ir ir jų Examples: 1. Tiėwas. 2. Tiėwa (-wo). 3. Tiewuj. 4. Tiewa (-wq). 5. Tiewe! 6. Tiėwu. 7. Su Tiėwu. 8. Tiëwu. 9. Tiėwon. 10. Tiėwop (p.1). L. Ivinskis indicates that Lithuanian language has a singular, a binary plural: ir singular: Tiėwas; singular: du tiėwu plural: ir Tie-down. The following is a table of examples of noun conjugation and a number of examples ir of Lithuanian nouns divided by endings. Similarly, adjectives, pronouns, numerals, verbs are described. 82 pages L. Photocopies of Ivinsky's grammar are recently brought in į Vilnius protectir ed LLTIR (fondo nr. F1-7366). Other L. Manuscripts of Ivinsky manuscript of the Library of the Polish Academy of Sciences in Krakow, copies are also In Vilnius. of the ‘Nature’ I part „Žemėmina“ photocopies are stored Vilnius University Library manuscript (F72-754), o II Part 1 Microfilm of a“ the copy of the Zolémibei Polish-Semitic dictionary ir — The i manuscripts of the Lithuanian Academy Library, as well as copies of the latter manuscripts are Dictionary of the Lithuanian Language. Photocopies of language data tables stored LLTIR (F1-7365). 5 Iš Polish k. value str. author. 109 Overview L. There are very few manuscripts of Ivinsky, o some of which have not been studied at all. They are of interest to language historians, grammar scholars, dialectologists, terminologists, lexicographers ir and anyone interested in the history of our language nation." ir Received 1998 06 26 * I would like to thank the Management of the Lithuanian Language Institute and the Scientific Secretary dr. A. Judžentisuž 's opportunity to travel į Kraków, už pomoc naukę. Z. Šimėnaitei ir Employees of the Polish Language Institute in Krakow, dr. Rozalia Przybytek, for helping to find L. Ivinski's manuscripts. 110