Terminijos įvairenybės

DEADLINES LITTLE THINGS. IR PUBLICATIONS TERMINOLOGY VARIETIES 1. V. Kudirka ir word falcon V. Kudirka was not afraid of the Lithuanijį an word, he kneaded clay like a good potter. Jo in the writings we ir find interesting existencialisms (e.g., sluppophobia, braziliomania), peculiar ir novelties. For example, he called boric acid the new word half-acid, the cannon the word gunpowder, the hiding place the secret, the armor-bearer — the shield-bearer, etc. — — ir The words griaustuvas, paslaptis with such meanings are not even in the great "Lithuanian language dictionary", the words o skydbernis, pusrūgštė are presented only iš V. Kudirkas letters. In his satires V. He created a number of ir personal names for Russian tsarist officials. One iš jų — A bag. V. In Kudirka's words, "a good man is a great girl." The ir motivation of Derzhiubka- 's surnameis clear to ja every reader. However, in ir terms of word formation, this innovation is interesting. In Russian language Compounds of + the type "verb noun" may have the imperative suffix in the first sand, e.g. depsxumopda, nepexamu-none, eopu-ysem. There are no such structures in Lithuanian language. We have only one old strange Lithuanian word, ir kaliboba, meaning “the fourth husband of one woman”. Word formation specialist P. The name šį is a very old word. In dialects, we have imperative forms ir be formant -k, e.g. : giedy ‘giedok’, grandfather "thank you", kaly ‘kalk’. So, although V. Kudirka’s personal name Deržijubka took us a little bow, but only interesting į jackals can do so. In the last sentence we used the word sakalas with the same lexical meaning as used by je jį V. Kudirka. By this word he j called ‘statement’. The word hatchet V. "Kudirka upravil slovo iš reči". So V. Kudirka's word falcon "say" the term ir falcon "such a bird" are true homonyms. Many V. Kudirkas Falcons ir po of the 20th century are ne only interesting to linguists. 105 2. It is ir probably clear to everyone that the term literature is an artificial word. — Before this term was used, the word fairy tale was used. Tales were called fairy tales S. Daukantas, J. Želvavičius (1822— 1886), translated 25 I. A collection ir of Krylov's jų tales. The word pasakėčia is made of iš the word pasaka by adding the suffix - Here. Iš academic “Dictionary of Lithuanian Language” it may seem that the author of this term — J. Jablonski. However, the term probably says something — ne jo about the novelty. The Lithuanian Language Institute holds the protocols of the Terminology Commission, which operated under the 1921 Ministry of Education. Iš jų it appears that 1921 m. of October 13 d. K. Author(s): Būga, A. Datnibrausškas: J. Jablonskis, T. Ivanauskas, V. Krėvė, P. Mašiotas, J. Tumas, A. Smetona ir A. Vireliūnas discussed the terms of literature. Referavo J. Thomas. That day the term ir "sakákécia" was adopted. There is no jo explanation of what is characteristic of other terms, so it can be assumed that the novelty was proposed šį by J. Thomas, o the other participants in the meeting agreed with him. 3. Mathematics Z. The word ir count is used to indicate the number of words in a sentence. iš The latter word is relatively old. In terms of quantity of specific items consumed jį M. Daukša, S. B. Chilski, other ir figures of our old writing. However, as a mathematical term the word number is new, arising only through The First World War. One j Jo the godfathers of termination was mathematician prof. Z. Land. Here's how he wrote about the consideration of this term su J. Jablonski: “The question of the name of the number was thoroughly examined. In the past, the to term was used to refer to the number of rows, columns, and pages in a document. To us mathematicianir iš s, the numbers seemed quite acceptable, because in the living language there were words with similar structure: harvest, drēblius, ir coeglius, excess. J. Jablonskis did not tą really object to the word, but in no way agreed that iš jo the word counting would be formed: it is possible to make a noun iš from a verb, but it is not allowed to make a noun from such an iš artificial noun; on this 106 occasion he angrily condemned the already quite — widespread ta new forms of teaching, doctoring, etc. ir J. Jablonski suggested using the words number, count, and it was clear to ir us all that these would be the best terms." Later, the word number became a generic name for a variety of terms, such as binary, decimal, derivative, ir imaginary, negative, be positive, fractional, integer, etc. ir Some of these species terms are a bit pictorial naming interestiir ng concepts. For example, the concept named the term "friend numbers" was already known V a. pr. m. e. These are such numbers, each of which is equal to the second number of all divisors (excluditą ng the number itself). Strangely ir enough, but the friendly numbers are completely unlike each other. į For example, befriend 220 ir 284, numbers because prime number divisors (1, 2, 4, 5, 10, 11, 20, 22, 44, 55 ir 110) the sum is 284, o the divisors of the second number (1, 2, 4, 71, 142) the sum is 220. More than half a dozen pairs of such companion numbers are now known. However, there is no mathematician in the world who can say how many pairs of friendly numbers there can be. iš Interesting ir term perfect numbers. The first use of the term "perfect numbers" was by the ancient Greek mathematician Euclid. III a. p. m. e. He discovered the first 4 perfect numbers. The iš jų smallest were two: 6 (1+2+3) ir 28 (1+2+4+7+14). In the 16th a. century, mathematicians discovered three more perfect numbers. jų The 19 maximum is expressed in digits. There are now a total of iš about even 20 perfect numbers. How many iš perfect numbers are there? No one knows exactly yet. In to programming theory, we also find interesting terms in the word number, for example: square number triangular number. The su first term refers to a number that can be represented by points ir arranged in a square, the second term refers to a number that can be represented by points arranged in a triangle. o — Although Z. Žemaitis helped to acquire the term numeral, the first word to try to šį terminate the dictionary D. Sutkevičius. He's a landlord. ' Z. History of Lithuanian Mathematical Terminology // The development of the Lithuanian language lexicon. V., 1966. P. 196. 107 the science called arithmetic. A peculiar feature of our language is that the concept of "very many" in the language of people means the phraseology of number, the concept of be o ‘low’ — po number. 4. Naturalist T. Ivanauskas ir several Lithuanian names of birds of distant lands Our famous naturalist prof. T. Ivanauskas travelled a lot. He has vo published several books, e.g. : Notes of a Naturalist (V., “Three 1982), months in Brazil” (K., 1931 ir V., "On the 1960), beasts and birds" ir (V., "Birds 1956), of the World" (V., 1971) ir kt Jo in the books we will find interesting — new names of birds of distant lands. We will briefly discuss some of the terms used, jo especially those that still need to be clarified. In the Lithuanian language dictionary, the word petrélis has only one meaning: it is called a boar. However, this word has had another meaning. ir T. Ivanauskas (and only ne he) called petrel also a small sea bird (Oceanodroma leucorrhoa). When the storm approaches, he appears near the ir ships and is considered a storm prophet. be The term is of biblical — origin. iš Peter's name. Because the bird is like crawling on the surface of the water, leaned on the waves. į It does this because the propeller of the ship, especially during a storm, brings to the surface į many small animals that these birds feed on. The term, doubt, must be considered be as a standard usage. ir In other ir Atlantic oceans, birds that are almost the size of a goose live on the coasts, but are now considerably reduced. About them T. Ivanauskas wrote: “The group of the suckers ir belongs to the Sulidae family. The name "sula" is borrowed from the iš old Scandinavian language, o one of the most widely known species (S. bassana) got its name from Bass Islands, off the east coast of Scotland. In some languages (German, Polish, Russian) these birds are called fools. The name is derived from the fact iš that they attack iš the water like a stone with their wings folded at į a high altitude to catch fish. In Lithuanian, je we do not have a name for this bird, so I suggest the name "grandson- ", which is not humiliating but more appropriate to the courageoir us actions of this bird". The word 108 "pooh" used in this sense does not ra "Dictionary of the English Language". This term is generic. The — strangeness of bird behavior, taken as a distinctive feature of the concept, is not jo "Games", as the word may seem, is a joke of iš motivation. Therefošį re, we suggest calling the bird a different term (e.g., membership, ir etc.). In Canada there is a species, Dumetella carolinensis. T. Ivanauskas jį calls it kačstrazdu (his voice is similar to a cat's moaning). į Such a renovation is incorrect. It is better jį to use the term cattrap in Lithuanian. Pietų In America there is a family of birds of the genus T. Ivanauskas calls the term honey indicators (Indicatoridae). They are large birds that like to feed on insects. T. Ivanauskas writes about them as follows: “In order to get to the bee nest, the bird uses the help of others, the beekeeper. — ar A bird, having found a bee nest, with a special voice, shouting, ir holding on to a person, approaches the place where the nest is, until the goal is finally reached. Thus, he can carry a man about meters; 1000 then he stops waiting for ir honey to be taken, he would have to honey“. o In another place in the same book T. Ivanauskas šį calls the bird a bear (p. 148). Both terms (and honey pointer, bear) is ir approximately. We would think that the name of this bird “is better to make the word horys, i.e. iš Chicken and ir so on. The word beekeeper į is already occupied, because it is called į Another bird that occasionally invades Lithuania is Merops apiaster. The large birds of prey, the griffins, are widespread in Eurasia. — They feed on grass. One jų species — of pale griffin (Gyps fulvus) — described ir "In the fauna of Lithuania" (The largest 1990). member of jų the subfamily is the barbed eagles (Gypaétus barbatus). This term is made in the same way as the words fish eater, man ir eater. Other similar enriched words for antda (not ant), owl (not pelédra) composed slightly differently. Why? Maybe this is where the mistake was made? No, it's legal. Words with *Ivanauskas T Birds of the World. V.:Vaga, 1971. P. 44-45. *Ivanauskas T Idem. P. 203. 109 žuv-ēd-ra ir av-éd-ra to make a compound word by adding a suffix. Thus, ir the ornithological terms sparrow and otter are completely ir correct. Just should not be considered normative T. Ivanauskas used the variant aviedra®. Kazimieras GAIVENIS *Ivanauskas T Idem. P 66. 110