L. Ivinskio mikologijos terminai

Albina AUKSORIŪTĖ Institute of Lithuanian Language L. IVINSKIO MYCOLOGIC TERMS Laurynas Ivinskis a prominent (1810-1881), Lithuanianist A member a. of the Žemaičių sąjūdis movement in the middle of the 19th century, publisher ir of iš Lithuanian calendars, The 19th a. century Lithuanian natural sciences term creator. L. Ivinskis was very interested in botany and mycology. 1873 m. He prepared an atlas of mushrooms, in which he provided a ir scientific jų description of mushrooms in numerous drawings. This atlas was selected at the Congress of Botanists in Warsaw and sent ir to the į World Exhibition 1873 m. in Vienna. After the mushroom atlas disappeared in Vienna, the author later jį iš newly drawn up. It is possible that some of the old or new to atlas drafts are Lithuanian Institute of ir Folklore and Literature (LLTIR). Two parts are protected by LLTIR — Agaricus aeruginosus IV Pratella (F1660) ir Scaurus Agaricus rufo divaceus (F1-661), iš face 226 p. su own L. Ivinsky's drawings of mushrooms, which are 769. L. Ivinskis assigned a separate folder to each mushroom, on the first page of which he gave the Latin name, next to the Lithuanian, Polish, and in some places German, Czech, Russian names. In the folders are presented Polish mushroom descriptions. Describes the ar mushroom stem, hat, scales, color, smell, taste, indicates the ir vegetation. The mushrooms described and the year. Interesting for Lithuanian terminology 1868-1874 1876 L. 73 Lithuanian names of mushroom species were provided by Ivinskis. In the first part of the manuscript Agaricus aeruginosus IV Pratella provides descript76 ions of mushrooms, but Lithuanian terms are given ne to all descriptions of mushrooms. This section contains only 20 Lithuanian lots. Species names of Agaricus genus mushrooms, in the second part of the o folders Lithuanian mushroom names are given much more — 53. The names of the mushroom genera in the surviving manuscript L. Irving has given the 21 name to a variety of species. Many of the tribal names are own L. Ivinsky's new forms, 48 usually derived from suffixes, only two tribes' names probably taken iš to Languages spoken in this period: Fapielaizis, lat. Merulius (-lapėližis, dab. Troglodytes ir (Troglodytes troglodytes, lat. Lycoperdon (~pumpkin, dab. pumpotaukšlis)). The terms of the Gryby atlas can su be compared with other L. In terms of Ivinskis’ manuscript “Prigimtūmenė” and Jurgio Ambraziejaus Emphasis on terms used. (1771-1849) Prigimtūmenė is the largest L. Ivinskis's natural science work, the second part of which In "Žolėmina" he presented a systemair tic list of fungi plants. "In the nature" (abbreviated — Pr) is given the Lithuanian term and its jo equivalents in Latin, in many places in Polish and German. The above lot. Merulius ir Lycoperdon genera are distinguished ir "Natural", only, the names of these be genera in the atlas of mushrooms, it L. Ivinskis put ir jų synonyms, e.g.: gajdkojis or tapielajžis, lat. Merrill, Lynn. Stroczek, vok. Venous sponge Pr 66, plg. gaidgrybis PB 124; pumpotaukszlis (cockroach), lat. Lycoperdon, vok. Flake scatter Pr 62, plg. Pampotaukšlis PB 141. In the atlas of mushrooms manuscripts are mainly presented lot. The name of the species is commonly abbreviated as pf, but the Lithuanian name of the genus is abbreviated as pf. Probably L. Ivinskis so shortened the flap (dab. 100 mg/ day In ši "Prigimtūmenėje" the genus is named plauskis, lat. Agaricus, left. Watch, watch, watch. Blitterpilz Pr 67. Word Blast "Dictionary of Lithuanian Language" (LKZ) is not, it may be L. Irving's Revival. J. A. Emphasis on this tribe used another word budė — PB 116. Boletus L. Ivinskis called it skliéminis (~skyléminis: hole + -eminent, i.e. baravykas). Šį word he j used lot. For Boletus perennis, the name of the species, — elsewhere o The name of the genus Boletus was written abbreviated, so only from the species mark it can be iš concluded that the name of this genus was used a feminine gender name, e.g., Boletus circinans, Boletus granulatus — Sk. rupsnotiné, (plg. Bolétus granulatus — LBŽ 51). So probably here in other species names ir L. Ivinskis abbreviated the tą name of the genus, which is presented in Prigimtūmena: skiliemina, lat. jo Boletus, lenk. Huba, vok. Pipe mushroom Pr 67. LKZ gives another variant of this word: skyliamynas 49 I, Mt, bot. KZ Barberry (Boletus)’ LKŽ XII of 887, which the oldest source indicate L. Irving's Letters. This, apparently, may be a reading difference. Probably the main L. Ivinskis suggested The name of the genus Boletus should be considered jo the new word skylėmina, composed of the noun skylė iš suffix ir -no option - Take it. L. Ivinskis su mentioned suffix in ir its variants presented a number of novelties ir In the nature. J. A. Emphasize this genus suggested to call the hole fungus (see section 4.4). PB 151). | Su adjective variant -embracir es other suffixes -Mene options L. Ivinskis created several other names for fungi genera, such as: weliēmina, lat. Isaria (~velémina: velti + -emmina), plg. welimyna, lot. Isaria, Lenk. Wiosnica, vok. Coelops Pr 53, tricuspidatus PB 121; ruderalis, lot. Rubigo, Uredo (-rūdmina: rade ‘ore’ + -mina), plg. ruderalis, lot. Okay, vok. Dust fire, cell fire Pr 44, rudis PB 148; digminis, lot. Hydnum (~dygminys: dygus + -minys, dab. stigma), plg. digminis, lot. Hydnum, left. Kolczak, Vok. Primula Pr 66, Hydnum — dyglutis, syn. : dygmine (Iv, Mln), diguoneitis (IV, St) LBŽ 172, depth PB 125. L. Ivinskis provided suffixes for naming four mushroom genera -enis derivatives, e.g.: gniaužtėnis, lat. Helvella (~gniauZtenis: gniaužta + -enis, dab. (Pl. griffon, lot. Helvella (Helvelie), vok. Lorchel Pr 65, Helvelly — bobtail (Mr), son. : clamp (IV) LBZ 166, pewter PB 111; Melissa, lat. Gymnosporangium (~meisenis: meisa “meat” + -enis), plg. Messenis, lot. Gymnosporangium, vok. Nacktposre Pr 45; zukenis, lot. Clavaria (~Sukenis: combs + -enis, dab. Żagarūnas), plg. violet, lat. Claveria, vok. Keulentrager Pr 63, Boar PB 117; lot. Tremella for the genus Tremella L. Irving was a newcomer, but he had a lot of experience. The name "Memphis" is derived from Memphius, Michigan. Pomarańczowy, vok. Gallertpilz (~gadkotyp: gaidkojis + -enis, dab. rufiform Ziarytis). Be the above-mentioned suffixes -one of the vedic drebins, lot. Tremella (~drebiinis: shaking + -unis, dab. žiūrytis), plg. drebiinis, lot. Tremella, Tremelle, vok. Gellert mushroom Pr 63, Ziurytis PB 164, L. Ivinskis gryby atlas used another suffix vedinj for the genus of mushrooms, but next to it provided a synonym: ausinis, ir bobausis, lat. Peziza (~ausiinis: 50 ears + -unis, dab. ausiinis), plg. Owl ear (bobausis), lot. Peziza, turn left. Kustrzebka, vok. Beaker fungus Pr 64, auselé PB 112. Du names of tribes with suffix su -ether: dajliétras, lot. Telephora (~dailétras: dailus + -ethers, dab. Karpininkas), plg. dajliétras, lot. Telephora, vol. Wart fungus Pr 65, Carpinus betulus PB 128; rudiétras, lot. Erineum (~rudétras: rust + -étras), plg. rudiétras, lot. Erineum, vok. Funnel flake Pr 48 ir rudetras ‘bot. Erineum: Mt’ LKZ XI 867, Redhead PB 148. Priesaga -étras, as ir mentioned above -mine, is rare. L. Ivinskis loved to create novelties ir su rare and unformed Lithuanian prepositions. Su prefixes -ethers, -mines ir jų It has been used to designate a variety of ir minerals and plant species. L. Ivinskis provided one suffix for po naming mushroom genera -elė, -einis, -muo ir -urys derivative, e.g.: miegėlė, lat. Cyathus (~miegelé: sleeps ‘aruodas’ + -elė, dab. sleep), plg. miegeélé, lot. Cyathus, left. Kubek, wok. Beaker fungus Pr 62, Cyathus — miegos (IV) LBZ 112, kyyliszkuns~ kylinkiinas PTA 830; spathiphyllum, lot. Spathularia (~spateinis: spatas ‘Shovel’ + -einis, dab. skiauteryte), plg. kastuwis, lot. Spathulea, vok. Spatelpilz Pr 64; spjaudmué, lot. Spumaria (~spit: spit + -muo), plg. spit, lot. Spumaria, vok. Foam fungus Pr 59, Spumaria alba — (P), sin. : spiauda (IV, St) LBZ 332, traveler PB 143; winger, lat. Daedalea (~vingurys: curve + -urys, dab. vinguris), plg. winguris, lot. Daedalea, vol. Wirrschwamm Pr 66, Daeddlea cinérea — (IV) In the LBZ 115, netlunas PB 157. Du mushroom atlas, the names of the mushroom genera are given in Latin: 1) kautūgribis, žemtaukis, žėmies taukaj, lat. Phallus (~kaulagrybis: bone fungus, + žemtaukis: earth fat, dab. + 100 mg/ day) The first word is L. In addition to the Irvingian o language, du the other dialects of the language are spoken iš by the Irvingians. In “Prigimtūmenē” only one term is given: kautagribis, lat. Phallus, left. Sromotnik, vok. Gout sponge Pr 62, dar plg. Ithyphallus impudicus — poniabudė, sin. : porcini mushrooms (Iv, Mn), peanut oil (Ak, Kos) P, LBŽ 181, smrditeľPB 152; 2) ník tvrdwilkis, lot. Scleroderma (-kietvilkis: tough + wear, wear, dab. 2000), plg. violet, lot. Scleroderma, left. Tegoskor, wok. Fell scatter, Hartbovist Pr 61, Scleroderma vulgare rod — (IV) LBŽ 316, twyrtskuris-tvirtskūris PTA 867. 31 When looking at the names of the mushroom genera by L. Ivinskis, it is clear that he used essentially the same names in his atlas of mushrooms, “Prigimtūmena”, only two terms differ: lat. 1963: ir The 63rd and 64th SS Panzer iš Divisions. Spathularia — spathe and scoop Pr 64. The latter names differ in that the base word of the term presented in the atlas of mushrooms is a loanword, while the base word of the name used in „Prigimtūmenėje“ is Lithuanian, and in addition, different formants are used. The names of mushroom species presented in L. Ivinskis’s atlas of mushrooms, as they are used today, are two-word compound terms, only differing in the order of the words. In modern species names, the secondary dot indicating the species is the first, and the main dot indicating the genus is the second, e.g., the true barberry. L. Ivinskis, apparently following the Latin and Polish terms, used the opposite — he first put the main suffix, indicating the genus, and then the specific suffix, e.g., pumpotaukszlis krauszinis, lat. "Lycoperdon pyriforme". Pear-shaped purchawka, vok. 141. ^ "Birnformige Bovist (~pumpotauksli kraušinis), cf. pampotaukšlis grušlytis PB 141". Almost half of the species names in the atlas are adjectives with the suffix -inis, e.g.: rudmina skuené, lat. Rubigo Pini, Uredo Pinus, left. "Sněžka Jodtowa, vok. Brand, Staubbrand, Zellenbrand (-redmine shaving); winguris angustifolius, lot. Daedalea guercina, Agaricus guercinus, Agaricus labyrinthiformis, left. "Siatkowiec debowy (~wingurys anžuolinis, dab. akmeninis vinguris)". Species names in the Mushroom Atlas usually indicate a distinctive feature of the fungus. Many of the species elements of such terms, expressed by the suffix -inski adjectives, indicate the relationship of these fungi species with trees, e.g.: plauskis apuszinis, lat. "Agaricus rimicoleus". Bedtka osinowa (~plauskis apuSinis); Large-leaved, lat. "Agaricus salignus, Pleurotus salignus". Bedtka wierzhowa, check. Massowky, vok. Grosser Weidenschwamm (~plauskis willow, dab. gluosniné kreivabudé); meissenis kadaginis, lot. Gymnosporangium junperi, Tremella juniperina, vok. Nacktspore (~meisenis kadaginis), plg. Gymnos52 porangium aucupdriae — juniperinum — dė LBZ 161; Plaski obulni, lat. "Agaricus serotinus- ". Bedtka jabloniowa (apple bedt); Rudiétras papelinis, lot. Erineum populinum, link. "Pycnocephalus ruficollis (Pycnocephalus ruficollis, syn. root identical to PB 148, the latter species L. Ivinskis used an adjective, composiš ed of the German loanword papelis (plg. pepper, pepper, lot. Populus, lenk. Topola, Vok. Poplar Pr 146) ir kt Some of the more common examples include: The mouth of a 1) fish, for example, is like a į ką mouth of a fish. "Lycoperdon globosum". Spherical nozzle, rus. Joxcdesuxs wapoobpasnbiii, vok. Kugelstaubpilz (~buozinis pumpotaukslis); spatheinis sauustinis, lot. "Clavaria spathulata, Spathularia flavida". Żopatnica żoltawa, vok. Keulentriger (~splainis Saukstinis, dab. yellow-stained) etc., ir fungi 2) vegetation, e.g.: palustris dirwinis, lat. "Agaricus agrarius". Bedtka rolowa, rus. "Ilonanbiū naacmunounuxs, vok. Feldblitterpilz (~hairy mushroom); szukenis tqnkminis, lot. "Clavaria fastigiata- ". Focused tank (~$ukenis tankminis); winguris tworinis, lot. "Daedalea sepiaria". Fence mesh, vok. Zaunpilz (~vingurys žolinis, dab. fence net), plg. netlunas tvorinis PB 157, ir etc., 3) characteristic feature of the fungus, e.g.: plauskis grasinis, lat. "Agaricus narcoticus- ". Black-throated bedbug (~the grey shark); Large-tailed shark, lat. "Agaricus salivaceus- ". Bedtka slinnik, Russian. "Baronowiewii naacmunouHuxs, vok. "Spider-Man: Far From Home, Part 1". Agaricus asper, left. Bedtka chropowata, vok. "Rauherhlitterpilz (~plauskis rupsninis)" (in ir German). Suffix of most rusiniy su suffixes The nouns are the base words of the -inis made adjectives, but there is another such adjective derived from an adjective, e.g.: ptauskis iwajrinis, lat. iš Agaricus varius. Bedtka rožnokštaltna (~plauskis variegated); Large-tailed shark, lat. "Agaricus praecox, Pholiota praecox". Urban Bedika, vok. Frithschwamm (~flauskis palSinis); Pumpotaukszlis gatwotinis, lot. Lycoperdon excipuliforme. "Pulcheria fjolowata (~Pulcheria spp.)" (PDF). pampotaukslis venterlytis or PB 141, participant, for example, ptauskis weltinis, lot. "Agaricus pruinatus, Merulius tubaeformis, villosus". "Bedtka srzonowata (~plauskis feltinis)". 53 Other species of the genus have a distinct name. This type L. In the terms presented by Ivinski, only nominative adjectives are used, e.g.: tapiétajzis geltonasis, lat. Merulius aureus, Merulius Answering machine, left. The killer's pod, vok. Faltenschwamm (~lapé€laizis yellowness), plg. miegelé druziétojé, PB 124; lat. Cyathus striatus, left. Mug scratched, vok. "Becherpilz (~miegelée drūžētāji, dab. rievétoji miegė), plg. kyyliszkuns ryiwietasis~kyliSkiinas rievétasis PTA 830 ir kt These terms make up about one quarter of all species names in the atlas. Many of the species of this group have a distinctive feature of the fungus, for example: gajdkotinis meisietinis, lat. Tremella mesenterica, left. Patterdale Terrier, vok. "Galertpilz (~gaidkotinis medžiotojas, dab. 1999) Looking Back (feat. Ziurytis SepSinis PB 164; Large-billed shark, lot. "Agaricus plicatilis". "Beditka fatdowana (~plauskis griovétasis), plg. bude dvokané PB 116; szukenis szakotasis, lenk. Clavaria cristata, Clavaria rugosa, left. GoZdzieniec pasozytny (~Sukenis $akotasis) and others. ir Several terms describe the color of the fungus, e.g. :snake-eater, lat. Helvella nigricans, Helvella lacunosa, link. Ringworm gray, rus. "Cmopuesuxs omemnssuiuii, vok. Dunkellorihel (~gniauztenis bérasis, dab. hollow bobtail); Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, lat. Boletus citrinus, Boletus sulfureus. Lemon mushroom, rus. Jly6osoii ckeaxcruxs, vok. Eichschwamm (~skylémina sponge yellow, dab. yellow pinté (eating yellow pinté); Kietwilkis gétswasis, lot. "Scleroderma citrinum- ". Tegoskor zottawy, vok. Fellstreuling, hartbovist (~kitwilkis gelsvasis, dab. paprastoji ankstené), plg. twyrtskuris Cytrunaawasis~tvirtskiiris citrinavaisis PTA 867. L. Ivinskis gave ir several species names that indicate the relationship of the species su with other species, e.g.: Digminis smūlkėsis, lat. Hydnum Auriscalpium, Lent. Earrings, rus. Illunoeuxs nonoeunHey, I'm coming. Ohristachelschwamm (~spongy small, dab. Common earwig), plg. Common ear key, pumpotaukšszlis PB 125; piewinis, lot. "Lycoperdon pratense". 100% cotton, rus. Jloxcdesurs nyeoeoii (~pumpotaukslis ordinary, meadow), plg. Pachycephalosaurus arcticus PB 141; spit common, 54 lot. Spumaria Mucilago, left. Common buckwheat, vok. "Schaumpilz (~Spudmuth ordinary), plg. traveler glima PB 143. The second group of species names are accompanied by three more terms, the specific focus of which is adjectives, noun participants, e.g.: ne gniaužtenis o dengtasis, lat. Helvėlla Monachélla, Helvella spadicea, left. Covered ringworm, rus. 1666, Monmouth, Suffolk, England. Nonnenlorchel (~gniauztenis dengtasis); Large-tailed shark, lat. "Boletus perennis, Ochroporus perennis". Huba trwata, rus. Ckeaxcnuxo nocmosnnbiū, vok. Persistent pipe fungus (~skyléminis tverantiasis, dab. žiemkentė sausapinté); Large-leaved witch, lat. Isaria mucida, lenk. "Widknica plesniowata, vok. Keulenschopf (-velėmikna eretoji), plg. Moth-tailed lizard PB 121. Seven-term ruSiniai démenimis goes most likely the same L. The name is derived from the Latin adjectives battgauris or battgauris. "Coprinus porcellanus- ". Bedtka kolpak or czubajka, rus. Kopossk Konnaroeudnbiū naacmunounuxs, check. Knognik, Vok. Scopformidae Mistschwamm, pranc. Agaric fimetaire typhoide (~plauskis baltgauris: white + goats); White-throated shark, lat. "Agaricus dealbatus- ". Bedtka biatawa, vok. Ueberweissterblitterpilz (~plauskis baltitrynis: white yolk); black-throated + black-throated, lat. Agaricus atro-tomentosus (~plauskis black guté + ‘guotė’, i.e. Black-footed bear), plg. Bude black PB 116; black-footed, lat. "Agaricus velutipes, Collybia velutipes". Opierika velvet-throne, check. Bedla aksamitonoha, vok. Sammetstieliger Blitterschwamm (~black-tailed swamp: black-tailed + swamp + -inis), plg. Bude aksomkoja PB 116; ptauskis tajbkotis, lat. Agaricus dermocybe, left. Crumbly bedbug (~plauskis laibkotis: free tail); Ptauski + ptaukogauris, lot. "Agaricus squarrosus- ". Bedtka nastroszona (~plauskis plaukogauris: hair for a + bunch), pg. budé cuspidata PB 116; rubiétrus berzotapinus, lot. "Erineum voseum". Purple spruce (~rudetras berzolapinis: birch leaf + + -ini). Iš Others distinguish ten kinds of names these are — prepositional compound terms, whose specific accent is expressed by a noun, e.g.: ptauskis čzidrėnis, lat. Agaricus aurivellus (arachnoideus), left. Bedtka zlotoglowa, vok. Gold-flame blister mushroom (~plauskis čydrenis: clear 55 ‘veil’ + -enis); Plauski gutminus, lat. Agaricus rufodivaceus, lot. Yellow-tailed bedbug (-plauskis gūtminas: gustminas ‘guotė’ + -mines); Large-tailed shark, lat. "Agaricus nitens, Agaricus penarius- ". Black-throated bedbug (~plauskis padulknis: pounded + -nis); Bird's eye, lot. Agaricus sanguineus, left. Blood-red bedbug (-plauskis raudūčias: red + -whiplash); Large-tailed shark, lat. Agaricus putescens, left. Black-tailed bedbug (-plauskis odours: smells + -less). Compound terms L. Irving named the lot. Agaricus species. The nouns in the genus of these names are derived from suffixes, most of which, apparently, were composed by L. Ivinskij, e.g.: plauskis atskirūlis, lat. Agaricus Columbetta, left. Lonely bedbug (~plauskis atskirūlis: separate + -july); Large-leaved yellow, lat. Agaricus lutescens, left. Black-throated bedbug (~plauskis geltoklis: yellowness + -ocle); Large-billed hawk, lat. Agaricus armeniacus. Bedlka peach-coloured, vok. Apricot-colored blister fungus (~plauskis gobtiinis: gobtus + -one); Pterocarpus, lat. "Agaricus vaccinus- ". Bedtka knitting (~plauskis plaukutris: hair + -uterus); Large-leaved mustard, lat. Agaricus rubens, Amanita rubescens, left. Muchomor czerwonawy, bedtka szaro-rednawabub siwa, rus. Kpacnoeambiū naacmunounuks, check. Sediwa muchomorka, vok. Rothlicher Bldtterschwamm (~plauskis musmiris raudiinis: red + -unis, dab. pink musmyre). The use of adjective compound terms in the current nomenclature of ir mycology is rather rare. Species names are more prominent, with the specific accent being expressed by an adjective. L. Ivinsky also mainly used terms of this type. Conclusions L. Ivinskis usually created new names for the genus of mushrooms presented in the atlas. He used both forms of word-making in the vedy- — bą ir a punch. Most new terms L. Irving used the term to describe the process of writing a novel. The names of the mushroom tribes he made only ne with su constructed Lithuanian prefixes, e.g., -enis, but ir 56