Sudurtiniai elektrotechnikos terminijos būdvardžiai

Robertas STUNŽINAS Institute of Lithuanian Language COMPOSITED ADJECTIVES OF ELECTROTECHNICAL TERMS In the terminology of electrical engineering, compound adjectives are one of the main means of expressing the dependent elements of composite terms. In the dictionary of electrotechnical terms (R. J. Mukulys, A. Smilgevičius, S. Žebrauskas, 1999, 871 p., about 11 530 terms) biword terms with compound adjectives make up about one-tenth of all compound terms of the biword combining notation — a total of 345 biword terms with 138 different adjectives were found. As in many other fields of science, the use of compound adjectives in the terminology of this field is due to several reasons. In particular, the use of punching is encouraged by the need to identify the characteristics of realities and phenomena. The technicians are able to use a variety of techniques to improve the performance of the machine, which helps to reduce the number of errors and improve the quality of the results. In other words, two-word terms are shorter and more convenient than three-word terms, e.g.: gajosvytė (lamp)' — gas discharge (lamp), ketvirtvė (symmetry) — quarter wave (symmetry), trikampis (chain) — triangle connected (chain). In addition, enriched adjectives are often more thermal than derivatives or word combinations, e.g., high-temperature (soldering) — hard (soldering), low-temperature (soldering) — soft (soldering), light-returning (reflection) backward (reflection), real-time (control) — (control) real-time. In this article, several aspects of the analysis of compound adjectives are selected. The origin of the | reference words is used to identify the prevailing types of punches. Lithuanian punctuation is compared with Russian, English and German terms, deciding how many adjectives can! This is a comparison of synonymous terms in electrical engineering terminology. * Lithuanian punches are not compared with French ones because of total non-identity. French terms are composed of words that coincide with international ones, and attributes are very often expressed by prepositional constructions, which may have arisen as adjectives or adjectives of terms from other languages. It is also known for its cone-shaped shape. Only Lithuanian and hybrid adjectives are studied, i.e., clear borrowed and mixed adjectives of this terminology are not examined. Thermal punches in electrical engineering are not unique. Most of the compound adjectives discussed in this article are general terms used in other fields of science. The electronic term database of the Lithuanian Language Terminology shows that 8496 of the punches discussed here can also be found in dictionaries of other fields. It is clear that the terminology of electrical engineering is closely related to the terminology of physics, polytechnics and radio electronics. For the sake of interest, it can be mentioned that the Radioelectronics Terms Dictionary found 5796, the Russian-Lithuanian Polytechnic Dictionary — 63%, the Physics Terms Dictionary — 44.9% of the punches examined here. Before considering enriched adjectives, it is necessary to clarify some of the terms used in the article. In general, language units formed by analogy with words in other languages are called values. For example, V. Drotvinas defines the values (or limestones) as a model of indirect borrowing, when 52 the word itself is not borrowed, but its content and structure of expression. He also includes freer, more creatively translated words among the valuable ones (see Drotvinas 1986: 131). V. Urbutis emphasizes that both pamorphemically translated words and not very accurate copies should be called values (see LKE 1999: 700). A. Kaulakienė considers as constructive values words composed of their own constructive formats, based on the motivation of the source and reproducing the meaning of the source. According to the relationship with the main word, it divides the values into prepositional, adverbial, ending, enriched, and according to the relationship with the source — into precise and non-exact (in terms of semantics), adequate * Electronic database of terms The Lithuanian language terminology is constantly updated. During the test period, the database contained approximately 223 000 terms from 21 different dictionary of terms from various fields (roads, botany, chemistry, electrical engineering, physics, geodesy, geology and physical geography, hydrotechnics, information, computer science, coastal studies, linguistics, mathematics, meteorology, pedagogy, psychology, radioelectronics, sociology, sports, textiles). 53 and inadequate (in terms of action), direct and indirect (in terms of origin) (see Kaulakienė 1979: 145). The Russian terminologist D. Lotte treats values very broadly. It distinguishes between direct and transformable values. D. Lote considers as transformable values not exact equivalents, but substitutable terms, when the composition of the punches is changed (morpheme is omitted or added), punches are replaced by prepositional construction, word combination (see JIorre 1982: 13). St. Keynes defines the term value relatively strictly: “a word blindly formed according to the expression of the corresponding word in another language” (Keinys 1999: 115). However, the most important for us is St. Cain’s definition of the term sequence: “a work made by looking at the equivalent of another language” (Keinys 1999: 113). Therefore, based on St. Cain's definitions and having separated the derivatives translated to pamorphems and those only viewed, we will usually use the term O-sequence rather than the term value. We will hypothetically consider as consequences those stitches which are almost identical to the terms of the Russian and German languages. When we say “almost identical”, we have three cases in mind. Firstly, when Lithuanian adverbs, which are formed by adverbation, correspond to Russian and German enriched adverbs in terms of base words, e.g.: dviapvijis, cf. Russian deyxo6momounbm, dvigyslis, cf. German. two-core; 00nocaounas || deutsch single-layer. Secondly, when Lithuanian punctuation corresponds to a part of German polynomial terms, e.g., lygiaritė (winding), cf. Direct coil winding]. Thirdly, when Lithuanian stitches correspond to English stitches in terms of base words, e.g. dvikryptis, p.g. angl. two-way, siaurajuostis, p.g. angl. narrow-band, agaslis, p.g. angl. three-core. We will consider as valuable those stitches that are completely identical to the terms of other languages. When we say "completely identical", we mean that the puns are identical in both structure and base words. If we look at | all the enriched adjectives discussed here as constructs, we will see that in the terminology of electrical engineering var- * We will think this in view of the fact that Lithuanian terminology of physics, and also of electrical engineering, was mainly influenced by the terminology of Russian and German languages. 54 tojama 12 types of compound adjectives. From the data presented in Table 1 it is clear that in this field of science there are 3 doer and 9 non-doer types of compound adjectives. The enriched adjectives of the dative types comprise 81.9% of all different dative types examined in the article. Two-word terms with these types of punches make up 85.1% of all two-word terms. There are few adjectives for all other types of action. Table I Distribution of punches in electrical engineering terminology Works Punches by type of work Biwords terms with punches type number ve number Šo S+D 55 39.9 131 38 B+D 36 26.1 112 32.4 R&D 22 15,9 51 14,7 Dlv + D 3 2.2 4 1.2 [+D 1 0.7 6 1,7 D+ D || 0.7 2 0,6 P+B 2 1.5 2 0.6 D+B 1 0.7 | 0.3 P+V 6 4.3 8 2,3 S+V 5 3.6 20 5.8 [+ V 4 2,9 4 1.2 D+ V 2 1.5 4 1,2 Total: 12 138 100% 345 100% It should be added that some of the examined sudurtiniy budvardziy are only conditionally considered derivatives. * In the table, the types of construction of compound adjectives are symbolically indicated — the letters represent the compound adjectives according to the part of the language to which their base words belong: D — noun, B — adjective, V — verb, S — numerals, P — adverbs, Į — pronouns, Div — participles. The types of verbs in the table are arranged according to their darum: noun verbs are first, followed by verb conjugations. Data are rounded. tn wh Drin language words. Clearly terminated words of common language are punching with sietiniai® stems (punching with verb-adjective secondary verbs -gubas, -linkas, -lypis, -tisas) and the old [+D type punching mutual’. Furthermore, according to the sources of the Academic Dictionary of Lithuanian Language, the hollow, double-sided stitches should be considered as terminated common language words. 1. Dūriniai with noun second sandu In the terminology of electrical engineering, noun-adjective enriched adjectives predominate, which comprise 87,796 of all the examined adjectives. Almost all of the punches have a noun in the second sand. The number of adjectives with the second syllable as an adjective is only 2.5% of all compound adjectives in this group. In terms of origin, two-thirds (66% of all noun punches) of the punches examined are made by means of native language. A considerable number (3496) are hybrids, i.e., punched words, one of the words being a word of the language itself, and the other being an international loanword. Interesting in terms of examination are punches from adjectives and nouns. The dictionary of electrical engineering terms found 112 two-word terms with 36 different stitches. This is the case for about three-quarters of the adjectives examined. If you look at the equivalents in other languages, you will see that more than a third are almost identical to Russian or German terms. 35.7% of Lithuanian punctuations are almost identical to Russian adjectives, 3296 — to German terms, i. e. they can be jy sequences- ”, e.g.: aukštadažnis, cf. rus. escoKouacmomnbii, žemadažnis, cf. rus. Hu3KO 4acmomHbiŪ, * This is based on the definition given by V. Urbutis in the Lithuanian language encyclopedia: “a relative root — such a primary root, which differs from the independent (free) root in that it does not form the root of the word (and the verb) alone and always goes with a suffix, prefix or another root” (LKE 1999: 571). * The adjective is mutual, -ė is considered an old adjective, based on the sources of K. Būga's Lithuanian language dictionary (see Būga 1961: 294), * Based on A. Kaulakienė's classification of adjective values, such adjectives are considered to be compounds according to the relation to the main word, and according to the relation to the adjectives, they are considered to be adjectives. 56 fast-moving, cf. Russian. "Gibcampoxodmom, slow-moving, plg. Russian. muxoxoduwii, long-tailed (lamp), plg. vok. Langbogen[lampe], short-armed bow. vok. 1998. pp. 13. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac 1999. (in German) Gleicharmiger, gleicharitė (apvija), plg. Coil winding, placiajuostis (splitter), cf. Russian. Wuporxonoaocusut || vok. Breitband[koppler], narrow band (filters), plg. Russian. yskonoaocnoui || vok. Schmalband[filter], rectangle (pulse), cf. npayoyeo || Abbiū Rechteck[fimpuls], real-time (management), cf. vok. real-time[control|], short-term, plg. Russian. I'm going to the menu. || shorter. The only stitch that is identical to the Russian term, pasHon sew, sandais and sandais, can be a pamorphic value. ra t. y. jo Many of the Lithuanian puns (28,5%) are almost identical ir to English terms, e.g. atvirašerdis, plg. angl. open-core, ilgalanke, plg. English. long-arc, short-arm, plg. English. short-arc, small-area, plg. English. low-capacity, broadband, plg. English. broad-band, narrow-band, plg. English. narrow-band, real-time, plg. English. real-time, short-term, plg. angl. short-time. In other languages, the term is used for ir non-commercial purposes. The two-word conjunctions, high-pressure, low-pressure, multi-level, thin-layered, correspond to terms in other languages only in one way, e.g., conjunctions (clamp), p.g. o0Koumėnnbie || dt. same-name, big-legged (hydroelectric), plg. Russian. eoccokoranopnas || vok. high pressure[wasserkraftwerk], low pressure, plg. Russian. muskonanopras || angl. low-head || vok. low pressure [hydro power plant]; multi-level, cf. Russian. paznonnockxocmn, thin film (resistance), cf. Russian. moukon Aenouns angl. || thin-film || vox. Thin film [resistance]. Only one of the terms in other du languages corresponds to the punching ir greedy (engine), slow-acting — (semantically) inadequate (in terms of performance) (see section 4.4). Kaulakienė 1979: 145). It is difficult to determine the exact origin of the name, as there is no clearly defined origin. * Based on A. Kaulakienė's classificatiošį n, the derivative according to su the relation as the source would be considered aggregate precise (in terms of semantics) adequate (in relation to the work) value. in až 6siempoxodJubtū (Aauezame Ab), muxoxoJOHbitl (Oeuečame. 16) || vok. fast-running (motor), fast-running (motor), slow-running (motor) || angl. high-speed (motor), low-speed (motor). In other languages, such as Russian, English, German, etc., the prepositions, adverbs, and conjunctions are used in terms that are completely different from the terms of other languages, e.g., coaxial, straight, parallel, long-term, hollow, etc. "Koarciua abrbiū || angl. coaxial || vok. Coaxial[kabel], straight (drive), cf. Aukeūtinom (npireod) || angl. linear || Linear[antrieb], lygiagretusis (režimas), plg. rus. napa1Ae AbBnotūi || angl. parallel || vok. 2010. (in Russian) "Первый сезон "Слуги народа"- ". npodoicume.abrbtii.ru. 2000. (in Russian) 1999. (in Russian) 2000. (in Russian) 2000. (in Russian) 2000. (in Russian) 2000. (in Russian) 2000. (in Russian) 2000. (in Russian) 2000. (in Russian) 2000. (in Russian) 2000. (in Russian) 2000. (in Russian) Hollow [wave]. About a quarter of the punches of this type consist of hybrid sequences.” Almost three-quarters (75%) of Lithuanian hybrids are almost identical to Russian terms, 50% to German ones and only one to English terms, e.g.: aukštatemperatūris, plg. rus. ebicokome Mnepamypitott || angl. high-temperature || vok. High-temperature[isolation], low-temperature insulation, plg. rus. "KuzKome Mnepamypitbiū || vok. Schenkelpol[generator], multipole, compare with Russian pa3noumMėĖKHonoO AroCHbiū, equal-energy, compare with Russian pa3noumMėĖKHonoO AroCHbiū, equal-energy, compare with Russian pa3noumMėĖKHonoO AroCHbiū, equal-energy, compare with Russian pa3noumMėĖKHonoO AroCHbiū, equal-energy, compare with Russian pa3noumMėĖKHonoO AroCHbiū, equal-energy, compare with Russian pa3noumMėĖKHonoO AroCHbiū, equal-energy, compare with Russian pa3noumMėĖKHonoO AroCHbiū, equal-energy, compare with Russian 1998. "Nekrolog" (in Russian). nekrolog.ru. "Hesenonooc Hil, rvskiapolis, plg. rus. senononrocHbit". There are two distinct forms of adjectives, which are almost identical to German adjectives, e.g.: tvrdamagnetė (material), cf. hard magnet (material), soft magnet (material) soft magnetic (material). In Russian terms, compounds are used, for example: maeHumHnoO-me6ėpoJdbiū (Mamepua A), MA HUM HO-MACKULL (Mamepua A). In the case of subordinate nouns, the adverbs are inseparable from the nouns, i.e. the main elements of the compound terms. In general, adjective and noun punctuations show characteristics depending on the sign- * For consistency, we will treat the punctuations of the native and international word as hybrid sequences. Based on A. Kaulakiene, we would consider such stitches as half-values (see Kaulakienė 1983: 19). 58 mimo objekto Various relationships with the second object of the compound adjective sandu. The first sand—the adjective complements the concept of the object represented by the second sand, forming with it one semantic unit. In this way, the two sets as if constitute the concept of one more finely differentiated thing (LKG 1965: 597). From the main focus of two-word terms it is clear that most often in electrical engineering terminology, adjectives of this type are used to denote the characteristics of the operation of devices, distinctive details of various objects. Such cases make up 57% of all two-word terms with adjectives of this type of construction, e.g.: open-core transformer, high-frequency furnace, long-arm lamp, slow-running generator, parallel winding, bright-pole machine, hollow wire. When the main focus of the term refers to a certain phenomenon or abstract thing (31.4% of all terms), adjectives denote time, form or other characteristics, e.g.: long-term load, long-term power, equienergy spectrum, parallel resonance. When the main focus of the term is the abstract of the verb, the compound adjective denotes a certain characteristic of operation or time (such cases make up 11.6% of all terms), e.g.: high-frequency protection, high-frequency heating, high-temperature soldering, long-term load, real-time control, short-term test. B+ D type joiners'! Adjectives high-frequency, -ė (17 terms), parallel, -čioji (11 terms), broadband (4 terms), low-frequency, -ė (7 terms) are also characterized by categorical conjugation. These adjectives are used with the suffixes of different categories, e.g.: high-frequency, -ė hardening || furnace || cable [| welding || transformer, parallel, -čioji winding || connection || coil || operation || excitation, broadband filter [| radiation || splitter. In electrical engineering terminology, the most common use is punching of the numerals and nouns — 131 diphthong terms with 55 different adjectives were found. In this field of science, however, the S+D type adjectives are considered to be conjunctive adjectives, which are used to denote the characteristics of at least 4 things. The categorical conjunction here is considered such a feature when the punch is used with different categories (concrete objects and abstract things) concepts. 59 The variety of sands is not typical for stitches —in the first sand are the quantitative numerals one (21 terms), two (20 terms), three (10 terms), four (3 terms), five (1 term). From the second sando of the compound adjectives it is clear that most of the stitches are adjacent, e.g.: viengvslis, dugvslis, viengrandė, dvigrandė, viengirė, dvigirė, dvimatė, trimatė, keturmatė, etc. It is striking that most of these types of punches are almost identical to the Russian and German terms, i.e. they can be their sequences, e.g.: double-coil (transformer), cf. rus. 166. MobyGames. Zweiwicklungs[transformator], triapvijis, plg. rus. mpėxo6mMomounbiū || vok. Three-winding transformer, two-row, deyxpadnbni || german 2000, pp. 102. "S.O.S. 2000, pp. 102". Single-row, two-wire, cf. deyxoKu/bnbi || german zweiadriger, keturgyslis, plg. rus. uemopexAKUANbdHbBIŪ, trigyslis, plg. rus. mpėvoku Aabnbiū || vok. 0od0Ko Ku broli, dvigrande, plg. rus. deyxuennas, viengrande, plg. rus. odnouennas, dvigreitis, plg. rus. JdeyxcKopocmnoū || vok. Two-speed- [...]*, dvikaištis (cocolis), plg. rus. Oeyxuwmbiproeiti || vok. 2nd edn., 2nd edn., 2nd edn., 2nd edn., 2nd edn., 2nd edn., 2nd edn. Two-way switch, trikryptis (perjungiklis), plg. vok. Dreiweg[schalter], dvilaidė (sistema), plg. rus. deyxnpoeodnas (cucmema), vienlaidė (linija), plg. rus. 0dKonpo6oJnas (aunus) || vok. Eindrahtführung], two-dimensional, e.g. deymepne, four-dimensional (space), e.g. emopäxmepuoe (npocmpancmeo), three-dimensional (space), e.g. mpēxmepnoe (npocmpancmeo), two-sided (power supply), e.g. deyxcrmoponnee (numanue) || German. 2000) 2000 – The One-Eyed Man (TV Series) (feat. 2nd ed., 2nd ed., 2nd ed., 2nd ed., 2nd ed., 2nd ed., 2nd ed., 2nd ed. zweischichtige, viensluoksnė, plg. rus. odnocaounas || vok. 2000. pp. 12. "About Us" (PDF) (in Russian). www.npu.ru. "About Us" (PDF) (in Russian). www.npu.ru. "About Us" (PDF) (in Russian). www.npu.ru. "About Us" (PDF) (in Russian). www.npu.ru. "About Us" (PDF) (in Russian). www.npu.ru. dreieckige, simultaneous, cf. o0KO6pemMennoe, homosexual, cf. odKopodnwi, unambiguous, cf. oJdno3naunas, one-column, cf. odKocmon0uesaa || German einspaltige, This is the heading adjective of the Electrical Engineering Dictionary. It is assumed that the Lithuanian term dūrinys is almost identical to the German term. 60 1998. Koch, Koch. Schriūg[strahler], wide-beam (light), cf. rus. HiupoKou3AVyuameno || vok. Breit[strahler], siaurasvietis (šviestuvas), plg. rus. (ceemu-AbnukK) 2my60KOe0 C6emopacnpede ne Hits, 2nyboOKOu3mysamejno || angl. narrow-angle (luminaire) || vok. low beam]. The term is commonly used in the context of a multilingual language. The second syllable of this type of punctuation indicates the action by which the marked object is distinguished, and the first syllable of such adjectives indicates the way of action expressed by the second syllable, its characteristics (LKG 1965: 603). From the main point it is clear that P + V type punches are most often used to mark the operating characteristics of devices, e.g.: fast-acting relay, fast-acting fuse, curved-beam light, slow-acting switch, wide-beam light. In the case of electrical terminology, there is no distinct distinction between numerals and verbs. All detected S+V type punchings (20 terms with 5 different adjectives were found) are terminated common language words, e.g.: double (bearing), double (correlation), double (winding), triple (correlation), solid (rotor). The categories are: double and continuous, e.g.: double bearing || contact || layer || reflection |] bridge |] density, continuous, -the pole || rotor environment core. || || The word "self-learning" is a derivative of the German and Russian words "self-learning" and "self-writing" and is similar in meaning to "self-learning system", "self-learning system" and "self-writing system". Self-learning, self-writing, plg. rus. camonuwywmuū || vok. 1990. pp. 3. "Moc mMa3biealomuiica || vok. self-lubricating. The word "machine" is not identical to the Russian, English and German terms. Other terms are composed of prepositional constructions, word combinations, or punches with non-identical verbs, e.g. Russian (mauaina) c KapybdiaibiM ca moox aa neoenue m || English frame surface cooled (machine) || German. upper-flichen wedge (machine), (machine) with upper-flichen wedge, (machine) with aupenbelieftung. In this case, the operating system is used to determine whether the device is capable of executing the program, such as a computer, a printer, a printer driver, or a printer driver. In electrical engineering terminology, rare punches i$ of noun and verb. The word sviesogrqzis (reflection) is almost identical only to the Russian term, i.e. it can be its derivative, cf. rus. ceemoeo36epaugromee (compa67 Aenue). The adjective dujošvytė (lampa) is not identical to other terms in other languages, e.g. easopaspsadnaa (namna) || angl. gas-discharge (lamp) || vok. Gas discharge [lamp]. Conclusions 1. In the terminology of electrical engineering, noun-conjugated adjectives predominate. Most noun adjectives are S+D, B+D and P+D type punctuations. A small proportion of the adjectives are compound adjectives. 2. Not all enriched adjectives used in electrical engineering terminology are derived. In this field of science, W + Dir S + V type punches are used to terminate common language words. 3.A considerable part of the punches made by means of the own language may be sequences of Russian and German terms. 56.6% of the stitches made in their own language are almost identical with stitches in Russian, 42.4% — with stitches in German. 15% of Lithuanian terms are almost identical to English terms. Only two Lithuanian puns are completely identical to Russian terms, i.e. their pamorphemies may be valued. 4. In electrical engineering terminology, compound adjectives are usually used to denote the characteristics of specific objects. In addition, there is a distinct distinction between abstract objects and abstract actions. This is particularly true for hybrids. LITTERACY AND SOURCES ALKZ 1978: English-Lithuanian Dictionary. South. A. Laučka, B. Picsarskas, E. Stasiulevičiūtė, Vilnius. 1961: 3rd place in the 1961-62 Serie A. South. Z. Zinkevičius, Vilnius. DLKG 1994: Grammar of Contemporary Lithuanian Language, Vilnius. Drotvinas V. 1986: Basic concepts of lexicology, Vilnius. ETZ 1999: Dictionary of Electrical Engineering Terms. Gr. vad. R. J. Mukulys, ed. A. Smilgevičius, S. Žebrauskas, Kaunas. 1979. "Dictionary of Physics". Vyr. red. P. Brazdžiūnas, Vilnius. Gaivenis K. 2002: Lithuanian Terminology: Theory and Structure, Vilnius. Kaulakienė A. 1979: Prepositional and prepositional adverbial values in Lithuanian polytechnic terminology. — Issues of Lithuanian Linguistics 19, 143-153. Kaulakienė A. 1983: Compound adjectives in Lithuanian polytechnic terminology. —Lietuvių kalbotyros klausimai 22, 17-25. Keinys St. 1980: Terminology alphabet, Vilnius. 68 Keinys St. 1983: The construction of Lithuanian compound terms. — Lithuanian Linguistics Questions 22, 70-122. Keinys St. 1999: General word formation in Lithuanian language, Šiauliai, LKE 1999: Encyclopedia of the Lithuanian Language, Vilnius. LKG 1965: Grammar of the Lithuanian language 1, Vilnius. RLKPolŽ 1984: Russian-Lithuanian Polytechnic Dictionary. South. G. Daugėla, Vilnius. RLKZ: Russian-- Lithuanian dictionary 1-4, Vilnius, 1982-1985. RTŽ 2000: Dictionary of Radio Electronics. Man. red. V. Palenskis, Vilnius. Urbutis V. 1978: Theory of word formation, Vilnius. BHPC 1980: boavwot ne Meuko-pycekuū cao8aps 1-2. Cocr. E. Hi. Jlenunr, H. II. Crpaxopa, H. H. Ousnnuesa u ap., Mocksa. Torre I. C. 1982: Bonpocht saumcmeeed iis u yRopsaooue House unoa3biunbixX mepMUHOS 1 MEP MUHO 3.16 Me M06, MOCK BA. COMPOUND ADJECTIVES IN THE TERMINOLOGY OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING Summary This paper analyses various in aspects complex 345 terms, which include different 138 compound adjectives. In respect of word formation it is clear that nominal compound adjectives prevail and 85% of them are composite words of a numeral and anoun, an adjective and noun a or an adverb and noun. a Verbal composite words are rather rare. In respect of underlying words about two thirds term of elements are composite words made using means the of Lithuanian language, another third are hybrids. In this article, terms which only in the underlying words correspond with other language terms, are named featuring terms. A majority of the analysed words are possibly featuring Russian or German terms. 56.6% of Lithuanian composite words are identical to Russian terms and 42.4% — to German terms. Comparatively a small part composite of words their underlying in words arc identical to English terms. Only two composite words could treated be linguistic as calques from the Russian. Linguistic calques here are those composite words, which are identical other language to words their formation in well their underlying as words. as Not all compound adjectives could treated be formations. as Composite words of a pronoun and noun a and of a numeral and noun are a common words, which were terminologized. In the terminology electrical of engineering compound adjectives most frequently signify characteristics concrete things, less frequently of features abstract things actions. Categorical — combinability of more characteristic or the hybrids productive types. is to of Robert STUNZINAS Received 2004-10-15 Lithuanian Language Institute P. Vileišio g. 5, LT-10308, Vilnius post office E. [email protected] 69