Dėl vadinamojo „absoliutinio įnagininko“ XVI–XVII a. lietuvių kalbos paminkluose

L.EETUVIŲ:- .KALBOTEYROS.KLI:IAU.S L M. A. I, II LIL IS A T-SR.MOK. SLU ACADEMY: YES SECTION 1 SO-CAlled ,,ABSOLUTE INAGININKO* LITHUANIAN LANGUAGE IN MONUMENTS OF THE 16th — 17th CENTURY V. EMBRACES In Lithuanian, the absolute noun has been widely used from ancient times to the present day. Some linguists have also mentioned another absolute construction — the absolute noun. The question of the absolute noun was linked to certain participle constructions that occasionally occur in ancient Lithuanian language monuments. A. Becenberger gave the following example of an absolute instrumental (,,ein absoluter Instrumental““) with a participle: Schais stuffs schitaipo corrected eidawa priests BrB Hebr 9, 6. According to Becenberger, the absolute servant is probably derived from the absolute servant. Between these two constructions are supposedly transitional cases: And scham atstatitū liepe second sawesp go BrB Zuz 565 encziams iomis BrP 402,. The latter example, according to A. Becenberger, can be regarded as a pure absolute subordinate (,,reiner Instr. absol.““)1, With the absolute noun A. Becenbergeris also linked the development of the Lithuanian participle. In absolute constructions, the noun is derived either from the noun or from the noun. A. Becenberger gave the following examples of the absolute noun with the participle: moterischke numirus watku ir wiru sawa schullinije passiskandina BrP II 518,43 passibengus those days BrP I „161; O apeius metais pataise BrB I Kar 20,26*. Apparently, A. Becenbergeris considered the absolute noun to be one of the means of syntactic expression of the Old Lithuanian language. The question of the absolute inheritance was considered much more carefully by E. Frenkel. He noted that this construction is very rare and is found only in a few places in J. Bretkūnas' writings. Some constructions cited by A. Becenberger (BrP I 161,, BrP II 518,4) which can also be absolute usufructuary, others also prevent the possibility of speaking of a “free absolute usufructuary” („der freie Instr. | absol.“), since they can also be associated with the time and social usufructuary®. Prie A. To the constructions mentioned by Becenberger, E. Frenkel added another example: 1 Žr, A, Bezzenberger, Contributions to the History of the Lithuanian Language (in Lithuanian) — Beirut,,, ), 261, Gėttingen, 1877, 2 Ten pat, 261; Zr. also 241. 3 3 Žr, E. Fraenkel, Syntax of Lithuanian Cases, 197, Kaunas, 1928. 47 doors locked in accordance with BrP II 26,; According to him, it is either an absolute, or a local noun*, Absolute noun is not used in contemporary Lithuanian. It is also not found in Latin or other languages. The Slavic and Germanic languages, which have absolute dative in their ancient monuments, also do not have this construction. Therefore, Mr Frenkel's doubts about some of the examples given by Mr Becenberger are fully justified. The constructions that Becenberger considered absolute superiors are not homogeneous. In order to clarify their nature, it is necessary to review the data of ancient Lithuanian language monuments concerning this question. ; 1.Of the above mentioned cases, which can be considered absolute nouns, we will first discuss the partitive constructions with noun genders having the ending -u. XVIIn the a. monuments of the 17th century we find a lot of such constructions : Menesye Nissan dwideschimta Mata King Artaxerxes, po stowint wini no? akim, I've got a bottle of wine BrB Nehem 2, 1. ...ghissai du Believe it. musche... ir uzumusche ios Kardu, Tiewu mana nieka ape tatai neszinnant BrB I Kar 2,32. When he died, he was 30 years old, and he died in the age of 40. And when the king had broken the chess, the chief chamberlain came to him. Kolej czesas such a Vssiszadeghimo waroij, not there barskutis on io Galwos uszeiti... iki pastius raku, (czesu) which ghis PONVI paszadeia BrB IV Moz 6,5.... and coming Mulu pa schakatu® anszolu, insikabina io galwa ing Anszola BrB II Sam 18,9. And some weiy... do... ever. And the banner was placed, the bow and the cross were placed, and the cross was put down, and the bow was put down, and the cross was put down, and the bow was put down. Thus spoke Tosha with the LORD... and he spoke when Israel was destroyed BrB Joz 10,12. There being then War between the House of Saul, and the House of Dowid, Abner strengthens the House of Saul BrB II Sam 3,6. And withu pouring, norins pultų ing dietus alba midnight (Schaurė) kurion wieton ghis pūl, the gules BrB Pam 11,3. ...schi rudeni /antai moterischke- /numirus waiku ir wiru sawa [schullinije passiskandinna BrP II 518,,. When I approached... the signs appeared before I passed BrP II 336,....the ship in the storm bepilant| and the men died under their eyes/ they approached Christ BrP I 201,....the Lord commanding the Lord to cut off his son and to keep him alive VP 109. In the writings of J. Bretkūnas and in Wolfenbüttel's Postilé, from which these examples are taken, the noun of -({)oir -(i)įokamienų nouns usually has the ending -ui, but it is often accompanied by -u, e.g.: passimega fewy iusu BrB Luk 12,32; bilaia darsziniku winizas Luk 13,7; iki tam czesų Mich 5,2; 4 Idem. 5 Individual instances of "absolute instrumentalis®® in ancient Anglo-Saxon texts are due to the influence of the Latin absolute ablative, see, Morgan Callaway, *The Absolute Participle in Anglo-Saxon, Baltimore, 1889, 6 underlined above mana. " Underlined, in the margin: big, bold. 8 In the countryside: dausz. * Last 6 words in the margin; text underlined: the gules. 48 Nehemiah 2:16; I Chronicles 3:2; II Chronicles 18:4, etc. ; the weakest of things I Peter 3:7; my Ponui «Kings Assyrios II Kar 18,23 ir Sir. *"; Glory be to the gracious zewu — VP 54, Wissam Pratu 46a; friend of mine 206a; afferavasium Dewu tewu 2a and so on. ** Singular nouns with the ending -ų are also found in many other language monuments; they are widely used in the current Lithuanian dialects! ?, The genders of this noun in writings, in part in spoken language, coincided ir with singular nouns. o iš ir su Therefore, those nouns that are joined by divisors in the constructions listed here can be regarded as both su utilitarians and iš conjugators. For example, A. Becenberger, the construction iš BrP II 518,4 assigned to "absolute servants", some of which others® have mentioned, speaking of the usufructuary. The following facts show that the noun genders with the ending used -ų in the above examples are nouns: a) In absolute constructions, whose predicates are the participles, these genders of nouns are connected with the participle nouns, e.g., After that time has passed, comes iopi second time BrB I Mos 47,18. And thou shalt pass over, and thou shalt not pass over unto the dead of the priests of the Levites* BrB 4 Mos 35,25...; until the crossed cziesu BrB Dan 2,9. Ir nussidawel® Zachariazu kaplaniste uszweisdenczam... — How Salmon Comes BrB Luk b) In 1,8. the old writings we do not find any corresponding constructions in which the participle would be joined -({)da-, -({)é-, -i~, -or a singular noun of a consonant root with a different ending than the noun. c) The structure and function of the above-mentioned constructs are no different from those of the other absolute nouns. 2. In J. Bretkūno writings there are several absolute constructions, in which mot. g. -()akamieno nouns, pronouns and participles have the ending -mis: Esch skanios strowos newalgiau... nei tepiausi, iki praschokus- '® tomis trimis nedeliomis BrB Dan 10,3. And after the day's gone? "Swings, O Passiflora Bernelis"? 1998. pp. 42–43. And passibengas those days] and aniems sugrisztant namopri [passilikka bernelis BrP I 161, And stagisi ęst, issipildus? * dienamis ureda 1a®® pareia ghis namusna sawa BrB Luk 1, 23, But in the early hours| The shiites did not send guards into the city BrP I 402,. 0 For other examples see A, Bezzenberger, Beitrige... 127. 1 Žr, W. Gaigalat, The Wolfenbeetler Lithuanian Postillen manuscript from the Years 1573, 125, 243, Tilsit, 1900 (MLLG V). 12 Plg, F. Specht, Šyrwids Punktay Sakimu, 29—30, Gėttingen, 1929; J, Otrębski, Gramatyka języka litewskiego, 3, 14, Warszawa, 1956; Z, Zinkevičius, VVU Istorijos-filologijos fakulteto mokslo darbai, 1, 189—190, Vilnius, 1955. 18 T, y, Dan 2,9; Sam. 3,6; Nehem 2,1; Sir 30,4; Sir 39,34; Apd see. 7,4; A, Bezzenberger, Beitrige,.. 14 127, Underlined Plebon. 15 Eilutés at the top: staghisi est. 16 Fixed from perschokus. 17 On top of the deleted ischbuwus days that. 18 The underlined waikelis above. 19 Fixed from issipildusamis. 20 From the fulfilment till it is underlined; top: iem atlikusam Vreda sawa. 4. Questions of Speech II, 49 Limb -which is characteristic of the plural inaginin, However J. In Bretkūno writings it ją occasionally has a plural ir noun, e.g. sluszija Ir Deiwemis iu BrB Ps 106,36; esch'iumis... calbeiau Joz 20,2; Guess... prisaka nečistotis Dvaisiais Mork 1,27; But beda siunkiamus, (nieschczamis) szindanczamis ir Luk 21,23. Noreia ghissai iamis schitu prisakimu... Liekarstwa... correct BrP I 222,, ir Mr. In many other ancient monuments (Carrot "Postiléje, Volfenbiutelio Postiléje, Knygoje nobaznystés kt.". ir Utilitarian su limbs -which are even more common? !, These genders were probably used in the meaning of utilities due to the partial overlap of the ir utilities' genitive endings. Jau XVI — In a. 17th-century writings, the plural noun possessor, ir like the noun, sometimes has an ending -ms, plg. : equal su Shmonims BrB I Mak 12,50, su mums SG 105, ir Sir. By analogy, in these cases, su the plural genders in the ending su -in these places could also get the meaning of a beneficiary*- ?*?. It should be noted that the limb - I don't know. in the scripturuž es more often others have -(i)akamieno nouns and pronouns users®. The gender of this trunk we see in the above mentioned Bretkūn script constructions. Therefore, there is no doubt that these are the beneficiaries, in these examples we ir have normal cases of the absolute beneficiary as a participant or su participant. (1 —4) (5) When we compare these su constructions with the corresponding parts of other ancient scripts, we usually also find absolute beneficiaries in them (plg. Ir passibengus dienoms| aniems ir sugrisztant VEE iki 31,3 after those three weeks KvB, Dan 10,3, But as they both go KvB, Mat 28,11). Select a single location Morkūno In the postile where the translator, borrowing iš B. The text of Wilens’s pericopy, the absolute noun used therein, was transcribed as follows: VEE 146 — 147: Gate Jesus' doors are (146) locked; MP 173a 27: Attachment The door is locked. Here you can see the contamination ir of the absolute beneficiary su with the roadside (with what came ?). J. Bretkūnas translated this passage in two ways: in the perikope he used the absolute noun (BrP II 43,), o „išguldyme“ recounted slightly differently: Ateir Ponas IEsus iumpi kaczei durimis uszrakintomis kalba ieis/ saw... su ir attached exhibition BrP II 26,. E, Frenkel, quoting an excerpt from this sentence (see section 4.4). In the case of the verb to speak, the verb is incorrectly associated with the verb su to speak. Iš su Here. J. Bretkūnas paraphrases the Latin sentence venit Iesus ianuis clausis Folg Jon 20,26, inserting the switch 22 See, Gaigal, W. Min, Act, etc. ; 133 A. Bezzenberger, Beitrūge... 241; P. Arumaa, investigations on History of Lithuania Personal pronoun, 44 tt,, Tartu, 1933; F. Specht, ZfslPh 12, 200 tt. 22 Plg, P, Arumaa, min, veik,, 48—49; J. Endzelins, Grammar of the Latvian language, 404 etc., 418, 423, Riga, 1951; E. Fraenkel, Balticoslavica, 2, 36; Linguistic, especially syntactical examination of the Calvinist Lithuanian Catechism of the Malcher Pietkiewicz von 1598, 14, Gottingen, 1947. Otherwise limbs - I explained penetration i to the user. F. Spectrum; jo believed to ji have been caused by ir the coincidence of the limbs of the beneficiary and F. beneficiary in the pair, see, Specht, KZ 53, 152 tt. ; 56, 265; ZfslPh 12, 200 tt. 23 For example, iš 69 the plural jnagininky su ending -in J, Morkūno Postilae (quoted by P, Arumaa, min, veik,, 44 — 45), 31 is -(f)akamieno, duck. Thus, 50 the door locked is not an absolute, but a clear way (way) jnagininkas®, 3. Separately mentionable are two constructions used by J. Bretkūnas: Ir Ianui schitaip apkaltu sanczu [Lord our Jesus Christ/because of his wonderful and miraculous work sawa/buwa dideie Czestije times BrP I 29,.... esch tha nepalaima ne uszleisiu fem giwu sancziu, But czesu io io sunaus uszsiunsiu nepalaima on io Namu BrB I Kar 21, 29 (bey seinem leben LB; in diebus eius Vol.). The first construction of ZodZius apkaltu sanczu F. Spechtas laiké uudininkais- ®, Accepting this assumption, we should also consider giwu sancziu in the second example as a beneficiary. Formally this is possible because the ir biidvardZiai participants In J. Bretkūnas’ writings, it sometimes has nominal noun endings, cf. nuudininkus bagatu BrG 123%; innocent BrB Sir 31,8; ischronite BrB Sir 30,21; talkative BrP I 77; leper BrP I 194,, etc. However, the use of the -u ending of the active participle has not been observed. In addition, J. Bretkūno. in the scriptures, the present tense participle formed from the verb to be stem is never a conjunction of a compound predicate of the absolute noun (in such cases the participle is used, cf.: who fem giwam essant, numirre BrB Teis 16,30 et seq.). ir The genders of apaltu and giwu are probably not utilities, but servants, the servant often goes with the nominal part of the predicate of the absolute utilities, e.g.: man sant didzu pulku BrB Joz 17,14; keliui teip didžiu esant BrB V Exodus 19:6 and so on. Since the participle conjunction with these adverbs forms: a close syntactic-semantic compound, it could easily adapt to the latter and take over their verb form. In both of the above sentences, the conjunction sanczu is apparently used instead of sant because of the accusations of the nobles and the influence of the giwu. So here we have somewhat distorted examples of the absolute utility, 4. As we see, all the examples discussed so far, if we don't read one. the way (type) possessor, are absolute beneficiaries. Except for them, in the 16th-17th century monuments we have examined?" There are only three constructions that could be supported as absolute ablatives, We find them in J. Bretkūno Bible translation: 24 The way ablative or literal translation of the absolute ablative of Latin language we see in this sentence: But amszinoioi giwatoie [ischirintu grieku| prieg wissu pa= schlowintuiu žmoniu bus /kaip ir pirmusa gimditoiusa pirm nupūlima buwa MT 76a 16. % See, F, Specht, Šyrwids Punktay Sakimu, 33, Göttingen, 1929. 26 See, A, Bezzenberger, Beitriige... 241, 27 Completely reviewed are all the so far known writings of M, Mažvydas, B. Vilentas, M, Daukša and M. Petkevičius, the translation of the Bible by J. Bretkūnas and Postila, Postila by J. Morkūnas (1600), S. Vaišnoras’s “Žemčiūga teologiška” (1600), the anonymous Ledesma Catechism (1605), L. Zengštokas’s Hymn (1612), K. Širvydas- ’s “Punktai sakymų” (1629 —1644), S. M. Slavočinskis’s Hymn (1646), the Book of Nobažnystės Hymn (1653), Sum of Gospels (1653), Christian Prayers (1653), S, Minvydo and J, Božimovskis’s Catechism (1653), 1674, the Gospels, parts of the Bible by E. Voltaire, H, Reinhold, J, Gerulis and J. Otrembski, D. Klein’s Prayer Book (1685), J. Rikovijus’s Hymn and Prayer Books (1685) and other smaller writings from the 16th-17th centuries, 51 1) Ir šam atstatitū*- ?, liepe antra sawesp eiti, (atwadinna) ir biloia iam Zuz 56 (vnd da dieser hinweg war| Hies er den andern LB; Et, amoto eo, iussit venire alium Vu'g). 2) O apeius matais, pataise Benhadad Syrus, ir ischaia ing Aphek I Kar 20,26 (Als nu das jar vmb war/ordenet Benhadad die Syrer LB; Igitur postquam annus transicrat, recensuit vulg)? ?, 3) Schais daiktais schitaipo paraisitais, eidawa Kunigai wissadais ing pirmaghi Schetra Hebr 9,6 (Da nu solches also zugericht war] giengen die Priester LB; His vero ita compositis: in priori quidem tabernaculo semper introibant sacerdotes Vulg. As we see, the first and third constructions correspond to the absolute ablative of the Vulgate. Since Bretkūnas used this text in his translation of the Bible, the absolute ablative of Latin may have prompted him to use jnagininka instead of utilitar. It should be noted that in only one of the cited examples the subject and predicate of the absolute construction have the form of a noun. The subject of the first construction is expressed by a noun (scham), and the predicate uatrstatitū can be considered both a noun® and a noun. In the second example, the opposite is true: next to the participle derived from a consonant conjugation, the noun goes with a matas? !, Such a mixture of the form of the servant with the landlord is iš also observed in some other places of J. Bretkūnas' Bible translation, cf. : But I speak iumus curses of mine, Nessibijaket Luk 12,4; and the king of Syrias buwa.sawa wiriausiems® Raitais sworn II Kron 18,30; you with me, Servu tawam, Dereiei I Sam 20,8. The above-mentioned constructions can also be linked to other cases of coordination disorder, which we find in J. Bretkūno Bible translation- ®. It should be remembered here that the manuscript of this translation was not finally edited, and in preparing it for printing, J. Bretkūnas would probably have corrected many incorrect or confused constructions due to the influence of the originals (a significant part of them is already corrected in the manuscript- ). We could only assume that the above-mentioned constructions are based on the use of the “absolute noun” if there were similar examples elsewhere. However, neither J. Bretkūnas’s Postilas nor the writings of other authors contain such examples. Thus, from the data of 16th—17th century monuments, it is not apparent that,,absolute innagininkas“ has ever been used in Lithuanian language. 28 J, Bretkūnas in the manuscript of the Bible translation the sound u sometimes Zymi and the letter # (in general, it is not always possible to say clearly whether above the letter « is written a loop or a circle), "Probably, this word also has the ending -u (=atstatytu). 2 In the Greek text we find here an absolute genitive, cf.: *at 2yéveto Ėniorpėjavtos «08 žviauros Sept. 30 In this case, in the first example, we would have an absolute participle with a passive kind. 31 The steward of years could be entered here by analogy with such statements as last year, this year, etc. E, Frenkel also associated this example with the master of time. (see section 4.4). above), 32 Of wiriauseis. 3 Žr, V. Falkenhahn, Der Ubersetzer der litauischen Bibel Johannes Bretke und seine Helfer, 208 —209, Königsberg and Berlin, 1941, 52 BrB —Biblia tatai esti Wissas Schwentas Raschtas Lietuwischkai pergulditas per Jana Bretkuna Lietuwos Plebona Karaliacziuie (1579-1590, Cited from VVU photocopy). : BrP —Postilla tatai esti Trumpas ir Prastas Ischguldimas Euangeliu,,, Per Iana Bretkuna... Karaliaucziuie,,, 1591. KvB; -Biblia, This is: Wissas Szwentas Rdsztas, the Old and New Testament... Ni kelIt Mokytoji Lietuwoj’ Lietuwiszkay pérstattytas, And the second time iszspdustas, Karalauczuje 1755. KZ —Journal for Comparative Linguistic Research in the Field of Indo-European Languages, edited by A. Kuhn. LB —Biblia: That is: the whole Holy Scripture: German, Auffs new prepared, D. Mart, Luth., Wittemberg, Printed by Hans Lufft 1549, MP = Postilla Lietuwiszka... izduota.., Wilnivy per Iokubg Morkung- ...Metuose,.. 1600. MT —Margarita Theologica, Collecta et conscripta a M, Adamo Francisci,.. O nu: Lietuwischkai jra perguldita per Simona Waischnora warnischki Plebona Ragaines. Ischpuusta Karaliaucziuie Prusu per Iurgi Osterbergera, matūsą..., 1600, Sept—H IIAAAIA AIAGHKH KATA TOY: EBAOMHKONTA, Hoc est Vetvs Testamentvm ex versione Graeca Septvaginta interpretvm... Halae (I ir II dalys — 1600, Sept—H IIAAAIA AIAGHKH KATA TOY: EBAOMHKONTA, Hoc est Vetvs Testamentvm ex versione Graeca Septvaginta interpretvm... 1759, III and IV—1760, V—1766). SG —Songs of Christ and Duchaunischkos.,. through Lazaru Sengstak Lietuwos Plebona Karaliauczios reared. Year CID IDC XII. "Ischspaustos Kara liaucziuie Prusuu". VEE —Euangelias bei Epistolas /Nedeliu ir schwentuju dienosu skaitomosias... pilnai ir wiernai pergulditas ant Lietuwischka Szodzia/per Baltrameju Willenta... Ischsprinttas Karclauczui per Iurgi Osterbergera/Metu M, D. LXXIX, VP —Iszgvldimas Evangeliv per wisvs Mettvs, surinktas dalimis isch Davgia Pastillv,,, (Anonymous 1573 m. postilé, Quoted from W. Gaigalat, Die Wolfenbiitteler litau= ische Postillenhandschrift aus dem Jahre 1573, Tilsit, 1900). Vulg —Biblia sacra Vvlgatae editionis Sixti Qvinti pont, max, ivssv recognita atque ~ edita Romae Ex typographia apostolica Vaticana MD XC III, fslPh —Journal for Slavic Philology. Edited by Max Vasmer. O TAK HA3BIBAEMOM,,TBOPUTEJIbHOM CAMOCTOSITEJIbHOM¢ B NAMATHUKAX JIMTOBCKOIO $1I3biKA XVI—-XVII BB. B. U. A. DeuuenGeprepoM, no3jiuee 3aTpoHyT D. Ppenkesiem, HO AO CHX NOp sABJASIETCS OTKPBITHIM. [JIsl pellieHHsi STOro BOripoca B HACTOSIIEH CTaThe NPUBOASTCA BCE KOHCTPYKUHH, KOTOpbie OkliJIH HJIH MOFYT ObITb HCTOJIKOBaHbI Sister. „,,TBODHTeJIbHble CaMOCTOSITe/IbHLIE!. Merojom tojiho bhioodkh ohm jieuehb h3 namathkhob jihtobckomo $I3bIKa XVI-- XVII Bs, 53 HececJiejoBanne aToro MaTepHaJia MOKa3aJo, YTO MOYTH BCE,,TBOPHTE/bHBIE CAMOCTOSITEJIbHbLIe’’ OOBSICHSIIOTCA Sister. JaTelibHble CAMOCTOSITEJIbHbIe C JieeGREAT HJIH CKJIOHAEMBIMH NpHUacTH5MH. OopMbi AaTeJbHOro Najexa HOMHHAJIbHOTO CKJIOHEHHS BO MHOTHX JPEBHHX NaMATHHKaX YaCTHYHO COBINAJIH Cc (opMaMH TBODHTEJBHOrO Majieka. ATO COBNAJCHHE HMeJIO MECTO B EJHHCTBEHHOM UHCJIE CKJIOHEHHS OCHOB Ha -(i)o-, -(i)io- (0OKoHYaHHe -u) H, CpPaBHHTeJIbHO PeJIKO, BO MHOXKECTBEHHOM WYHCJe JADYTHX OCHOB (OKOHYaHHE -mis). Hwmenno 3TH (hopMbl BerpeuaroTCA B GOMBIIHHCTBE HCCaeAyeMbix oGopotoB. C JPYTOii CTOPOHBI, ()OPMbI TBOpHTeJIbHOTO [ajieXka, He COBNAjalouHe C JaTe/bHbIM [aJileXKoM, He ObiBaloT HH CyOBEKTaMH, HH peifHKaTaMH A0COJIOTHbIX KOHCTpyKuHiA. HekJuoueHHe COCTABJISIIOT JIHINb elHHHYHbIE OČOpOTbI B MepeBone GuOnuxu UW. Bperkynaca. OHM CBfi3aHBl C HapylleHHeM COIrJIaCOBAHHS H KOJIeEGaHHeM B ynorpeOsenun (OPM JaTeNbHOTO H TBOPHTEJLHOTO Majeed, KOTOpOe OTMEeYaeTCsl H B ĮpyrHX MecTaX PYKOIHCH mepeBofa, OAHAKO MOIVIH BO3HHKHYTb H TMO BJHSIHHEM JAaTHHCKOH KOHCTPYKUHH ablativus absolutus, HAXOJISIONEeKCHA B COOTBETCTBVIOILHX MecTax ByjibraTbi. CJIejiOBaTeJIbHO,,,TBOpHTeJIbHbIė CAMOCTOSITEJIbHbIK““ B ĮHpeBHeJIHTOBCKOH INNHCbMEKHOCTH He CYLIeCTBYET. 3