Iš lietuvių kalbotyros terminų istorijos

LL EL. T. U WV sli-Ū T..B: R ML-LT =N: OL QO P GOD T J. A LIB .T-UN Ou8S TSR MOK SLU THE ACADEMY TERMINOLOGY STUDIES, REVIEWS THE HISTORY OF LITHUANIAN LANGUAGE TERMS 1. Raidé M. MaZvydas, who published the first Lithuanian elementary book, “The Cheap and Short Science of Reading and Writing” in his “Catechism” (1547), needed a term to name the writing sign. In this 4-page reading tutorial, we find the terms of the letters and their basic sections (including sounds). Mažvydas regarded the writing sign as the main element of reading and called it the new readiness: the readiness ira 27. Didzas... Mapas... According to the structure, readily can be compared with the following participle derivatives: adytinis, daZytinis, dévétinis, penétinis, mergautinis, kapotinis and so on. Such words are used as adjectives. True, there are several dozen names of owners of -tinis, -ė actionZodinés properties, close to the name of the result of the action and the object!. Among these vedic —a lot of new ones: pupil, authorized, chosen, constructed, sandwich. Among the older works, the rokoot “number sign” R 408, N, K. Although this novelty by Mažvydas is a rare work, the reading books, alongside his later synonyms, survived for a relatively long time — even until the beginning of the 19th century. In the 1579 translation of B. Vilentas' Enchiridion, it is used first: "... worthy made us to make a new testament not by reading, but by spirit. "There's no telling, but the spirit is alive" Vln ElO3?. Another translator of East Prussian religious writings, S. Vaišnor, in his translation of Margarita's Theology, published in 1600, also used the reader: Anabaptists... ridiculed the heavenly science as a dead reader MT5;... finally the reader itself (i.e. literally).- .. MT150. A slightly altered form of this new form was also used by J. Bretkūnas in his Bible translation (manuscript about 1590): Till the heavens and the earth pass, neither will the smallest reader pass nė krapelé nuog zokano BBMt5, 18; see also PvR2, 29, 2PvK3, 6,2PvK3, 7. 38 And there was also an inscription written on him in Greek numerals, Luke 23:38. In the Vedic Lithuanian language, such a verb appears to be néra®. It is difficult to guess why J. Bretkūnas “improved” M. Mažvydas’ novelty. 1 See English Grammar, I, 1965, p. 323, 571. 2 The spelling of the old writings and the abbreviations of the sources are the same as in the academic Lithuanian language dictionary. * With the formant «d is only the adjective suffix -ūdinis, used to denote various kinds of apples, 232 In the 1701 translation of the New Testament by S. Bytner, the word (3 "litera" is added several times in ir parentheses. BtPvR2, 29. The letter in brackets is used more frequently, see. In other 6, similar 6, cases, 7. where New Testament translators used the concept of letter, Bytner used different words to describe the idea: Mark Luke16, 17, Mt5, 18, jota Mt5, 18. As the equivalent of the German Buchstabe, the first East Prussian dictionaries included the reading books in their dictionaries. We find the reading texts in the manuscript of Krauze’s German-Lithuanian dictionary (17th c.) (105 p.), in the manuscript of the late 17th c. dictionary,,Clavis Germanico-Lithvana“, cf. C17, 405, in the manuscript of J. Brodovskis,,- Lexicon GermanicoLitvanicum“ (18th century) (301 p.). F. W. Hako's dictionary, "Vocabularium..." (1730) beside reader (116 p.) added synonym raštelis (165 p.). Pilypas Ruigys,,German-Lithuanian Lexicon...“ (1747), in addition to the earlier terms skaitytinė and raštelis R87, introduced two more novelties: the analogous derivative rašytinė* (and the word combination rašytines sudėmi) and a different derivative raštinėlis (see the nest rašau). All these new additions are repeated in K. Milkaus dictionary “Lietuviško-- Deutsches und DeutschLittauisches Wėrterbuch” (1800), see pp. 218, 240 and 114. Only a note was added to the reading list (see lizskaitau) that it is not a very understandable word dą (nicht sehr verstūndlich), at o the notepad (see section 4.4). socket I write) — not very well known (not very well known). XIX a. Eastern In Prussian elementary schools was used M. Mažvydas's newly made reading book, e.g., Naujas Pibelis, or Knygelės, iš kurių Kudikiai gal išsimokti Skaitytines pažint... (about 1839) and the German language Buchstabe reworked tower, see. New Pibelis, or Booklets iš containing Babies maybe learn Getting to know the towers... (1808)*. The following is a list of the ir 1879 novels published in the 1879-1880 edition of the New York Review of Books: 1. In the Bibles, besides the reader's (2PvK3, 6) there are also other novelties: the written (PvR7, 6) and the raster (Mt5, 18, Luk16, 17). We find them in 1816, 1863, 1895, even in the 1931 edition. Therefore, these terms, as Buchstabe equivalents, are also included in the dictionaries of G. Neselman (1851) and F. Kuršaitis (1870, 1883): reading N474, K376, K1267; writing K346, K1267; note N429, tower KI1267. In G. Neselman’s dictionary we find the synonym raštinė and P. Ruigi’s repeated minor novelties raštinėlis and raštinėlė (p. 429). In the elementary books and grammars published in Vilnius in the 19th century, we find reading books only in K. Nezabitauskas,,Naujajame moksle skaitymo“ (1824):... enjoying those abrozdeliai, or pictures- ,... you will learn reading books, or letters (preface- ); reading composition (3 p.) and K. Kasakauskas,,Kalbrédoje liežuvio žemaičių“ (1832). From M. Daukša’s Postilės (1599) until the end of the 19th century, the Latin term /itera borrowed from Polish (see DP141, 373, 423, SD33, 134 and others) and its Latinized form litara was almost exclusively used in writings published in Lithuania. Both of these forms were used most often in Aušra. 4 In north-eastern Lithuania, the word written,- ,2ardo stiebas, stulpas,“ is known, which is probably related to the meaning of writing, “to make a mark, to draw a line”, cf. J. Otrębski, East Lithuanian Tver narjects, I, p. 179. 5 Zr. Bibliography of the Lithuanian SSR, I, Vilnius, 1969, p. 447—448. 233° However, the authors of Lithuanian grammars, who began to create Lithuanian terms, also created letter equivalents. S. Daukantas, Prasmoje Latinu kalbos (1837) and Elementariume (1842) used the noun rodbalsė. It is a rare plant (see below). The reverse order of components is more common — noun and verb derivatives (e.g., musmirė, šienpiovys, duobkasys, kelio ženklas, etc.). Therefore, it had few followers: the rodbals was used by J. Juška,,Kalbose lietuviško liežuvio“ (1861), it is recorded in the dictionaries of G. Neselmanas (319 p.), F. Kuršaitis (357) and M. Miežinis (208 p.). Another term introduced by S. Daukantas, the Polish word gloska, was used more widely to refer to letters and vowels. As a synonym for letters, they were used by J. Juška in his commentaries on the spelling of his brother Antanas’s publications of folk songs (1880, 1883) “Ištarime raštženklių”. He also wrote a book on the subject, A Grammar of the English Language (1886). At the beginning of his linguistic activity (while still studying at Kaunas seminary in 1871—1875) K. Jaunius used the new word balsrodis in his manuscripts of articles: Balsrodis (also called letter, Latin litera) is a visible sign of a desired sound: a, b, d, etc.* The term was used in the 1990s, but was not widely used. A better fate was given to another newly made lettermark by K. Jaunius, created about 1878", which he used while teaching Lithuanian in Kaunas from 1885. This popular novelty was taken over by J. Juška and used in the spelling explanations of her brother’s collection of songs “Ištarimas raštženklių” (1880) and “RaStZzenkliai” (1883). We find this term also in periodical press, e.g., „Aušra“ (1884, 287), „Lietuviškoje ceitungoje“ (1887, 38),,, Tévynés sarge“ (1899 supplement, p. 20) and in individual publications, e.g., A. Jakšto,,Miisy alfabeto klausimas“ (1914). The punctuation marks of another author were later used as punctuation marks, e.g., in A. Lelio,,Lenky and Lithuanian Language Dictionary“ (1912) punktuacja is translated as the compound raštženklių statymas. Before the current term of the letter came into use in the late 19th century, the press used the earlier modernizations of East Prussian and Lithuanian authors alongside the litara. For example, in the article,,Zodelis del Prūsės lietuvninkų” of Aušra, number 1, besides litary, we also find numeral (2 k.), written (2 k.), script (1 k.): Now all the world has recognized that Latin letters (numeral, written, script) are better and more beautiful and do not damage the eyes 1883, 21. One of these novelties was the writing system, dgsk. ward. rasmenés- ®. In the process of creating it, it was apparently adapted to the litera and its Lithuanian counterparts, the readable, written form of the feminine gender, However, over time this new form was changed to the masculine gender form rašmuo, dgsk. ward. rašmenys- ’. The words of this kind are more of the masculine gender, $ See. K. Jauniaus manuscripts in the National Library of Lithuania manuscript F23—16, p. 95, as well as 57, 73, 74. Manuscript notebook written in 1870—1873 7? See the abovementioned manuscripts of K. Jaunius in the National Library F23—17, p. 2. This term is also used in a letter to A. Juška (1879.111.6) about the spelling of his songs, see LTI549-562. 8 See his lectures on Lithuanian language, entitled “Lietuviškas kn. "Young Language". * The plural form of this term varies in other issues: next to... about the introduction of Russian characters in our books is written... Russian characters cannot be used in our books A 1883, 81. 10 Initially, the form was used rašmens, 7r., „Jablonskio raštai“, III, p. 80. This form is also found in J. Jablonski's 1919 and 1922,,Lietuviy kalbos gramatikos“: So the letters are sounds. The letters of the alphabet follow each other in a certain order | p. 5/. 234 e.g. stone, muscle, udder. The letters are used alongside the letters in,,Varpe“:...have no right basis, except for the fanatical resentment of our letters 1889, 18. The form of the masculine gender term was also accepted by J. Jablonskis and established it in his Lithuanian grammar. The current term of letter was first used in the press in „Aušra“ in 1883:..nutrina wax, randa raides (litaras) išgriaužras (262 p.), although otherwise in this newspaper and later only /itaros dominated. Only,,Varpas“ used letters almost entirely from the very beginning (1889) (even without adding a litara in parentheses). What is the origin of this term? The letter's origin is linked to the Polish term gloska (translated from Latin vocales), which was used as a Polish synonym for the letter. The term gloska is undoubtedly related to glos "voice", with the adjective glosny, in addition to the literal meaning of "loud", having the figurative meaning of "clear, obvious, pronounced", in the 19th century elementary and linguistic writings, vowel sounds and characters were called gloska's valued vowels by another author. A. Baranauskas, who taught Lithuanian language at Kaunas seminary (1871—1883- ), apparently did not like the ambiguity of the voice. He draws attention to the Eastern Highlander word raidus, in its meaning close to the aforementioned figurative meaning glosny: What a raidus cloth (with clear beautiful patterns)! Kp. Alphabetic pattern (bright, clearly visible pattern of fabric) Pl. The letters of Katra, so we'll take that lady (d.) With glasses it is very clear, and without glasses I can't see Dbk. For A. Baranauskas, letters were a word of the living language: we find it used in linguistic letters and other manuscripts, cf. APhI94, Apparently, from this adjective he made the noun letter and from 1872 began to use it next to the letter in his lectures- "? and in letters to linguists, e.g., in 1875 in a letter to H. Weber wrote: We need one linguistics, one spelling and a friend showing, how Lithuanians of each dialect these letters (letters) have to spell, see. APh 176. L. Geitleris- '* was the first to write about the term letter used in A. Baranausko's grammar. He did not accept this, as did many of his master's innovations. Initially, Jablonski used litara and spelling characters, and only in 1887 he began to use letters. With his articles on spelling issues in the last decade of the last century, this term finally took hold. From a brief overview we can see how various attempts were made to create a Lithuanian term for the writing sign. Some associated this concept with reading (čítatná- ), others with writing (písaná, raštelis, rašmuo), others with voice (rodbalsė, balsrodė, i.e. sign that indicates voice). The concept is most clearly expressed by a sign—the sign of writing. Although this term is popular, it is a bit long and not very easy to pronounce. 1 J. Kartowicz, Stownik języka polskiego, Warsaw, 1900, I, p. 845. In addition, gloska was also used in the meaning of printed matter, see ibid., p. 844. 12 This is confirmed by the manuscript article,,- Apei garsnius- ”, written by his pupil K. Jaunius in 1873. K. Jauniaus manuscripts in the National Library F23—16, p. 95. 18 Žr. L. Geitler, Lithuanian Studies, Prague, 1875, p. 105. L. Geitleris visited A. Baranauskas in 1873. Thus the term of the letter was formed even before this year. Initially, A. Baranauskas used the equivalent of raštelis from the German dictionaries: Each voice has its own letter or letter; The Lithuanian language requires 39 letters for its own words; vowel letters exist. See,,Mokslas lietuviškos kalbos“ (p. 2—3) —notebooks of Lithuanian language lectures written by seminarist J. Lideikis in the National Library manuscript PR25, 235 The most common forms of writing are lettering and writing. However, the letter, although not entirely motivated, but convenient and Baranauskas's value alongside the broader term of scripts, has taken hold. The set of letters of a given language was originally called the international Zodiacal alphabet- ** and the Polish abecadlo alphabet- !*.” J. Jablonskis also used the term alfabeto® in his articles on spelling, and only in 1919 and 1922, in,,Lietuvių kalbos gramatikos“ (Grammar of the Lithuanian language- ), he presents the appropriate Lithuanian term for this concept —prepositional derivative alphabet: All letters, joined together, are called alphabet, or alphabet (p. 5). This term, as a synonym for the international term alphabet, is still used today. 2. Spelling In the dictionary of K. Širvydas, orthography is translated as writing science according to Polish pisania nauka SD296. When Lithuanian grammar terms were first created, perhaps the first Lithuanian equivalent of this term was created by the Lithuanian botanist J. Pabrėža. In 1843, in the preface of the work,,Taislius augminis” prepared for printing, we find the new word raštūnė: „Apeij rasztuuny | pisownia, lot. orthographia /, kokios éZe jemiaus. Zemaytiu rasztuuny tor sawa ipaatingumus...” However, this work remained unprinted until 1900, and the term Emphasis could not spread. In addition, there are few derivatives of the -ané prefix, more are derivatives of the -ūnas prefix, meaning nomina agentis. Therefore, the term "orthography" was not appropriate to denote the concept of orthography. For some time, therefore, literal orthographic assessments were satisfying. This was also encouraged by the examples of Russian npasonucarue, German Rechtschreibung. J. Juška used spelling, see,,Kalbos lietuviško liežuvio ir lietuviškas statrašymas, arba ortografija“ (1861). This type of compound noun is not typical of the works: the adjective and noun punch elements are usually without suffixes, e.g. juodžemis, blogmetis, from the new works: juodraštis, švarraštis, greitraštis. The most important thing was the ability of the young man to play." In addition to this evaluation, J. Basanavičius added in „Aušra“ the word tiesrasti: Mūsų statrašas (ortography, spelling) is the one built by Schleiker in 1883, 120. In "Varpe" V. Kudirka used the feminine form statraša:...uždraudimas latiniškos statrašos 1889, 18. There we find the adjective statrašiškas: Statrašiškų klaidų parodyti neapsiemu 1889, 133. All these values, although not equally reprehensible in terms of the formal composition of the components, their semantics of the first point are not suitable for expressing the concept of orthography: both vertical and straight writing do not express the instructions and rules of correct writing. Apparently, however, A. Baranauskas went another way: not agreeing with J. Juška’s spelling, he formed the adverbial noun spelling from the verb write. Adverbs -yba or nouns (more often plural) are old words of Lithuanian spoken language, their meaning is close to the adverb -imas of the vedic words: derybos, lažybos, šėrybos, dalyba, gamyba, etc. "Varpas" 1889, 18; J. Basanavičius, Prie istorijos musun rašybos, Tilžė, 1899; A. Jakštas, Mūsų alfabeto klausimas, Kaunas, 1914. 15 For a long time, this word meant the beginnings of the science of reading and writing, cf. SD198. The alphabet had this meaning in the 19th century as well, as we can see from the elementary headings, e.g. S. Daukanto (1842). 16 See. Jablonskio raštai, III, p. 7. 17 This term was used by K. Jaunius in a letter to A. Juška in 1879. III. 6:... if we want to get the full benefit from Tamsta's songs, we must enter two more rastZzenkliu... into any; Comparing the records of our writers..., see LTI550. 236 Therefore, this A. Baranausko renovations’ was understood ir as an acceptable term. He used spelling as an equivalent of orthography in his lectures on Lithuanian! ?, 1875 m. in letters H. To Weber: Kad That's easier to read my grammar to understair nd, I'll tell you about my spelling (orthographia), see APh174, ir Boduenui de "Kurtenė (1876 m."). LTI417. He accepted his šį teacher's new creation with some doubt ir K. Young people ir used jį Lithuanian in lectures? ?. In the press the term spelling first used we find 1883 m. "At Dawn". Editor J. Šliupas explains: Spelling 5. of number Aušros raiba ne through the mill no 1883, 296. Term of writing In „Aušra“ for some time was used (Zr. 1884, 26, 149, 243, 388, 421) pramaišiui su statrašu 1884, 211 ir statrašymu 1884, 252. From stasis relatively quickly to spelling transitioned ir "The Bell". The term šį has been popularized. ir J. Jablonski's articles on spelling issues: ,,A few more words about our spelling“ (1893, 8—10), ,,Dr. J. The spelling of Basanavičius" (1894, 71—712). For the first time J. Jablonski used the spelling term bene "Aurora" 1884 m., see. 149 p. Only spelling term used ir J. In the outline of Basanavičius ,,Besides the history, we need the spelling”, 1899. Tilžė, When the term spelling came into force, there were ir attempts to create other novelties. Life ną iš such — writing on the inadequacy of the prefix to call this concept immediately criticized J. Jablonskis®. The other — script was used only in Šopara's grammar J. "Trumpetis lietuviškai rusiškas kalbomokslis" Vilnius, 1906. Į dictionaries spelling first time® inserted we find only A. Lelio In the ir Polish-Lithuanian dictionary, (1912) it is spelled as pisownia. ir 3. Glossary The first printed manuscript dictionaries ar of Lithuanian were called by non-Lithuanian names, usually Latin Greek. ar K. Širvydas called "Dictionarium trium linguarum" (1620), F. Hakas — ,,Vocabulary LithuanianGermanicum et Germanico-Lithuanicum" (1730). XVIII a. unknown author dictionary called ,,Clavis Germanic-Lithuanian". P. Ruigys named his dictionary “Lithuanian-German and German-Lithuanian Lexicon" (1747), J. Brodovškis — ‘Lexicon Germanico-Litvanicum et "Lithuanian-Germanic". At the beginning a. of the 19th century, Lithuanian-speaking intelligentsia, concerned about the development of the ir Lithuanian ir language, began to write its dictionaries. They needed a Lithuanian term ir to name such a lexicographic no work. Probably the first Lithuanian slownik ati- '8 In the East Prussian Lithuanian spoken language, however, the plural form of the spelling was used the meaning of "will, legacy", e.g.: rabbit spelling. However, šį the word we find recorded only in K. In Jurkšaitis' collection of fairy tales (Lithuanian Mūrchen and Erzihlungen, 1898, p. 40) ir in translations In "The Truth's (1880—1882), Pretext", see. A. Bezzenberger, Lithuanian Research, 1882, p. VII ir 162. As we see, it was published later ir A. It was probably unknown to Baranauskas. 19 See, Linguistics of Lithuanian language, Tilžė, 1896, p. 5. 209 See. Lithuanian kn. Young Languages (1897). However, Letter of 1879.III.6 A. The term is still used in the usage, see below. LTI550. at See. Jablonski- 's Writings, III, p. 12. This term is used to refer to M. Kuprevičius , after printing the article ,,Is a apostrophe required for y?'' ,,Varpas* 1894 m., no. 4. * We find spelling ir M. In the Barley Dictionary (1894) editors' dictionary, but there it is used ‘writing, literature’ means: ...thank you for the help of lovers of Latvian Lithuanian language... ir There is no spelling term in the dictionary itself. 237 tikmenį (because mostly Polish-Lithuanian dictionaries were written) created Cajeton Nezabitauskis (1800— 1876). While still studying At Vilnius University, he had begun writing a Polish-Lithuanian dictionary called the dictionary**. ir jį Be to, the šį term we find at ir jo 1824 m. Elementary released ,,New Science of Reading“ in the added bibliography of Lithuanian books. He calls the dictionaries dictionaries, or assembled words. These terms are of varying goodness. The word is not suitable for a dictionary because of its composition, so it seems that no one else used it. ir The dictionary is also ne quite appropriate. The derivatives of this suffix usually denote persons, sometimes ir places. So the place where the words are written down is the dictionary. The term of the dictionary in his dictionary used even D. Mail: "For you, brothers, I write a dictionary" d., p., (1 the 163 dictionary itself is named in Polish), Juska J. ,,In the Language of Lithuanian Tongue“ (1861) ir A. Baranauskas at the beginning of his linguistic activity, Zr. APh171. He called his Lithuanian-Latin-Polish dictionary a dictionary ir D. Sutkevičius ,,Zodnieks Letuwiszkay-Lotiniszkay-Lenkiszkas’ (1848). The shorter term of the adjective verb verbalis is found in S. The Wallet in the Letter D. Poškai ,,Writing a Lithuanian dictionary“ (1826) ir L. In the Polish-Lithuanian dictionary of Ivinskis, it corresponds to dykcijonarz. Compound Refactoring Vocabulary S. Daukantas named at "The Saints of History" (Epitome historiae sacrae) translati- (1838) on added dictionary: Žodrodys toie kningeliee essontiū žodiū". Jo The Polish-Lithuanian dictionary manuscript left be correspondences in dikcijonarz. A. Juška had initially called his dictionary also a dictionary, but later changed the name to šį Zodininku®. Verily, according to his creation the vocabulary is too narrow a word to call Zodyn. F. German-Lithuanian dictionary for terms (1870) Lexicon ir Waorterbuch provided translation equivalents of dictionaries, dictionary. How did the term dictionary come about? This renovation was made before In the a. first half of 19th century. Dictionarium Lithuanian equivalent needed by the first ir Lithuanian botanist Jurgiui It is a dictionary of botanical terms. ir The dictionary term is found in the titles of the works: jo Zodyyns augmyničžynynis — Dictionarium botanicum (1834) ir Zodyyns Biiluu Augmynichyny Lotin-Zemaytyni (t. Yy. augaly vardynas), written before 1843 m.** True, these J. His works were not printed, but the term of the dictionary could have spread through ir personal contacts. Be to, M. Valančius In „Žemaičių vyskupystėje“ (1848), describing learned men, he lists some tą J. Emphasis on botanical works. Between jų the minimums ir ‘Glossary Biluu "Latvian-English Dictionary". The dictionary term, as a well-constructed derivative, seemed acceptable to the lexicographer Mikalojui Akelaitis. 1856.1X.25 letter M. Valančiui, writing about the intended preparation of a comparative dictionary of the Lithuanian language, even motivates that this term is in 23 itself good. A. Janulaitis, Kiprijonas Juozas Zabitis-Nezabitauskas, Kaunas, Lithuania 1931, p. 70; Little Soviet Encyclopedia, Vol. 1968, p. 691, 24 B. Tolutienė, Antanas Juška lexicographer, — , Literatira ir kalba“, V, Vilnius, 1961, p. 153. 25 See. Jurgis Emphasis (1771 — 1849), Vilnius, 1972, p. 98. For the spelling of the dictionary term, see Z. Jonikaitės str. ,, About J. Emphasis on the spelling of botanical works" in the cited book (p. 62—65). 26 M. Valančius, Raštai, II, Vilnius, bold text; 1972, p. 275. 238 už Vadinu ,,Zodinas“, ne Oral, no problem Walleniawicze ir Iwinskis; because we say — karklis, karklinas, puszis, puszinas: uz is that ir the word — žodinas? ". M. Akelaitis could have taken over the dictionary term iš J. Emphasis works because iš jo manuscripts for his dictionaries had written (true, not known in which year) the list of Lithuanian plant names ,,Rodykle wardų sawiszkųjų, kaip kores augimes wadina Žemaitija“- *". Be of this, M. Akelaitis had ir The "Žemaičių (1848), episcopate" which mentions J. Emphasize the work with a su dictionary term in the title? ?, Unfortunatelnė y, one M. Akelaitis's dictionary was not printed. The first printed lexicographic work, called a dictionary, was Mykolo Barley “,Lithuanian-Latvian-Polish-Russian dictionary”, written after going through many hands before it was published 1868 m. ir ir 1894 m. In Tilsit. M. Valančius commissioned, the 1875 m. dictionary manuscript reviewed ir A. Baranauskas®. It is also used as a dictionary term in literature. ir jį 1876.1.14 in the message H. Weber wrote: Reading the dictionary (Dictionary) J. M. merge Miezytovich, I find almost all the proverbs, the same as in the collection ir V. V., see APh185. Šį term we find ir Letter 1876.V.4 Boduenui de Courted: ...in the very autumn Jo Playlist Bishop ordered a review, ar good dictionary (lexicon) Lithuanian, Polish, Latvian ir Russian translated by priest Mykolo For barley, see barley. LTI417. Previously in the laishke H. Weber (1875.X.4) still used the dictionary term: ...was persistent Kaunan P. Kuršaitis iš King's comparative dictionary For the su country of the same ba name, see Malawi. APh171. Thus, A. Baranauskas popularized the ir well-constructed dictionary term in his lectures and letters. The history of the dictionaries would suggest that the term of the jų dictionary could iš have been adopted by the compilers ar through their personal contacts with each other in other ways. However, M. Akelaitis ir M. Miežinis could have composed the dictionary term ir independently, for various reasons not knowing all the ir synonyms of Lithuanian terms already existing for this purpose. If this has been the case, it only indicates the suitability of the dictionary term for this concept. The appropriateness of the ir dictionary term is supported by possible derivative terms. We find a jų few ir M. Barley dictionary: dictionary ‘,cJioBa pHBIH®, glossary "cOCTABHTėJIL cJIoBaps", vocabulary ‘,cnoBecHOC TL". By the way, now the dictionary is used in ir another meaning — „,a set of words used by a writer in a language, ar dialect, or otherwise by a Human being“. The vocabulary term ticked ir K. Young man. Letter of 1879.III.6 A. To Juska he wrote: I recently heard a young man nu from Alsėdžiai, as you work For a larger dictionary of our language, see. LT1549. Finally the term of the dictionary was established “Aušra”, which jį began to use from the very first issue: ...Miežitavičius ... has a ready-made dictionary This dictionary 1883, 20; (t. y. F. Kuršaičio) — is the latest ir shiandie still the best 1883, 88. Yes At the a. end of the 19th century, alongside many new Lithuanian terms, letters, scripts and a ir dictionary of spelling were introduced. A. Balašaitis ——o See. 27 People's ir Word, III, Kaunas, 1925, p. 293. 28 See. J. Kruopas, M. Akelaitis lexicographer, — Iš Lithuanian lexicology ir lexicography, Vilnius, 1970, p. 172-173. 29 See. Ibid. p. 160. % See. V. Biržiška, Lithuanian bibliography, Kaunas, 1929, p. 905. 239