Словообразовательное калькирование как способ образования современных литовских физико-технических терминов

SCIENZA LINGUE CULTURA IR TERMINOLOGIA PROBLEMI LITHUANIAN CALBOTYROS La notte dei morti viventi (1985) CONDIZIONI KAYJ/IAKEHE CJIOBOOBPA30BATEJIbHOE KAJIbKHPOBAHHE CAC CIIOCOB O5PA3OBAHHS COBPEMEHHBIX JIUTOBCKHUX PU3UKO-TEXHUYECKHUX TEPMHHOB 1. Beousia Mediterraneo 1.1. CorJaacHo yTBepKAEHHAM HCCJIe0BaTeNell PYCCKOH JIEKCHKOJIOTHH (B. M. I, pagg. II. Edpemona, B. B. Upanosa, K. ®aekenmreiina, H. M. Ilancxoro, egli. H. Mese H A.) E' un'idea fantastica. — Organizzazione delle Nazioni Unite per l'alimentazione e l'agricoltura HE MexaHH4ecKOe - No, grazie. a IIpOHeCC, OTpaxAaIOIIHĖ B CBOEM pe3yJIb- «Terre B Tom. HAH HHOKH Mepe ECOGEHHOCHTH KaK CBOEro, Sì H SONNO ; 3biKa. Takum o6pasomM, B HTOre KAJIbKHDOBAHHS JIHTOBCKAS JIEKCHKA (B Tom. UKHCJIE H JMTOBCKas (DH3HKO-TEeXHHUeCKa; TEDMHHOJIOTHA) o6oramjaercs HOBBIMH JIEKCHYUECKHMH H CeMaHTHYCCKHMH eIHHHIAMH, a B OTEJIbHbIX CJyYasix H HOBHIMH CJIOBOOOpA30BATEJILHbIMH noaTHnaMu. OJHAKO CYHTATh KaJIbKHpOBAHHe OJHHM H3 OCHOBHBIX CpeACTB OOOralleHHs CJIOBapsi JIHTOBCKOTO si3biKa BCe Ke Heuib3si. Cae 10BaTebHO, HpONECC KaJbKHPOBAHHS H ero Pe3yabTaT — KaJbKH —B JIHTOBCKOM S$I3BIKE 11€J1€6CO00pa3HO OLEHHBATh Kak SIBJEHHE, OTYaCTH aKTHBH3HpYIOLIee HEKOTOphle JIEKCHYECKHE H CEMaHTHYECKHE BO3MOXKHOCTH JIHTOBCKOTO 5I3BIK4. : 1.2. IlpH KaabKHPOBaHHH JHTOBCKHX (H3HKO-TeXHHUYECKHX TEpDMHHOB 3aHMCTBYeTCSHA CJIOBOOOpasoBaTesbHasi HJIH CeMaHTHUeCKas MOTHBHDpOBAHHOCTb " HHOSI3BIYHOTO TepMHHAa, a CTpOHTeJIbHbIĖ MaTepHaJi (3BYKH, KOpHH, aOOHKCI H CJIOBa) npHBJIeKAeTCSA H3 JIKTOBCKOTO si3biKa. 3AaHMCTBOBAHHOHK (PH3HKO-TeXHHUECKOH TEDMHHOJIEK- - Che cosa? 1.3. Cumulonimbus KaJbKHPOBaHHS COCTOHT B TOM, OMT OHO TOSSICITÀ HJIH OJIH3KHMH SISBIKOBBIMH Cpe/ICTBAMH BOCIIDOH3BOJIHT MOTHBHDOBAHHOCTS, CTpyKTYDpy, TeM a CaMbIM H - Ehi. - Ehi. KaJbKHpyeMOro OGbeKTa. CreneHs VEICOLO e/o H veicolo - Ehi. - Ehi. - No, grazie. Oggetto IPH 3TOM - E' una cosa che non mi piace. B JINTOBCKO# (H3HKO-TeXHHYECKOH TePMHHOJIEKCHKE BCTPEYalOTCs CJEAVIOIIHe TPYNIBl KaJjek: CJIOBO00pa30BaTeJIbHbIe, CeMAHTHUeCKHe, (passeorornueckue, cocrasubie. Io CTENEeHH aJleKBaTHOCTH H TOYHOCTH K KaJbKHPyeMOMY OGBEKTYy JlaHHbIE TDYTNIIIbI KaJI€K elle MOXKHO pa3jĮeJIHTb Ha NOATPYIIHL. 67 1.4. B nanHoii crarbe Ha Oa3e Tpex COBPEMEHHBIX TepMHHOJIOTHYeCKHX caoBapeii: «Dizionario tecnico russo-lituano» (1959) —PycckoJIHTOBCKHII MOJUTeXHHYECKHH caoBapb, «Dizionario tecnico russo-lituano- -inglese» (1971) —Pyccko-IHTOBCKO-aHIVIHHCKHH TEDMHHOJIOTHYUECKHH CJIOBADb MO BbIuUKHCJIHTEJIbHOH TexHuKe H «Dizionario dei termini della fisica» (1979) —CnoBapb (HhH3HYECKHX TEpMHHOB (JIHTOBCKO-pYyCCKOAaHTrJIO-HEeMEIIKHe TepMHHBI)! 2001/2002/CE del Parlamento europeo e del Consiglio, del 15 marzo 2002, che istituisce un quadro comunitario per l'informazione, la consultazione e la partecipazione dei cittadini (GU L 11 del 15.3.2002, pag. €. CJIOBO060pa30BaTeJIbHbIX, KOTOpbIe COCTABJISIOT OKOJIO 60% Bcex KaJIeK, IIpHBeJIEHHbIX B JaHHBIX CJIOBaps1xX. O0bEKTOM HCCJIe/IOBAHHS SIBJISIIOTCS KaJIbKH-CYLeCTBHTEJbHbIE H KAJIbKH-I1pHJIaraTeJibHble. 2. AHaau3 cJI0B000pa30BaTeAbHbIX KAJIEK 2.1. CnoBo0o6pa30BaTrejibHoe KaJbKHPOBaHHE — JIByCTOPOHHEe S; - Ehi, amico. C Oh, mio Dio. CTOPOHBI OOpalleHHOe K CBOeMY OBIETTI, 10 PROPRIETÀ AUTOMOBILE K COTOPOMI OHO [Risate] [Risate] a C Pyro CTOPOHEI — K CBOEMY pe3yJibTaTy, NO OTHOLIEHHIO K COTOPOMI OHO - E' un'idea fantastica. CcJIOBO06pa30Banue. Takum oGpasom, titolare KiaacCH(GHKAIHH CJIOBOO6pa30BAaTeJIbHbIX CAZZO IteJ1eCc006pa3HO CCHLIATHCS Ha JBa KJAacCHQHKAIHOHHBIX - No. - No. 1) Otho... [IeHHEe KaJbKH K KaJbKHPyeMOMy Oggetti H 2) PRODOTTO KaJibKH K CO- - No, grazie. CJIOBY JIHTOBCKOTO Si3bIKA. 9.1.1. Strumento AUTORIZZAZIONE K KAaJbKHPYeMOMY OGGETTO CJIOBOO06pa30BaTeJIbHbIe KaJbKH MOJKHO Dpa3JIeJIHTb Ha - Che c'e'? - Ehi, amico. TOUHbIEe H HeTOJKHbIC (non ceMaHTHKe), a/leKBaTHBIE H - Ehi. - Ehi. (TIO cJ10BOO6Pa30BaHHIO), KOCBeHHEIe H - Ehi. - Ehi. (0 MPOHCXOXAeHH!0). OueHb 4acTo MOA Tep... MHHAMH GIOCATTOLI KAAbKQ Hi HETOYHAS KAAbKa TOJPa3yMeBalOTCd CTPYKTYPHO ajleKBaTHBIE HJIH CTPYKTYPHO Buon compleanno. - No, grazie. KaJlbku 2. TepMHHAMH TOYHAA KAAbKA Hi HETOYHAA KaAbKA 1esecoo6pasHo HMEHOBAGNO TOJIbKO CEMAHTHUECKH TOUHBIE H CEMAHTHUECKH E' un peccato. Cagliari. B CBS. 3H C TeM, UTO B Oh, mio Dio. CJIyuae peub HAeT OO MASSIMA ALTURA HJIH HeHJIEHTHYKHO» CTH KAJIbKH - No, grazie. Oggetto: IO NOArpPyMNIbl KaJieK HeJieco06pa3Hee - No, grazie. CAABKAMOU H - Ehi. - Ehi. Il tuo capo. | i CM. CNKHCOK COKpaLlCHHH. 2 Con: Basso H. H. Piccolo KaJibkH B KHprH3CKOM Tipo 5133bIKe.— Yu. San. Copper. Xenk. mex. Hu-Ta uv. B. B. Maschera. Cep. ¢uion. Hayk, 1963, Buin. 7, c. 5; Battaglione A. K. @®panuysckue - Sì. 3aHMCTBOBAHHS H - Ehi. - Ehi. B E' un terremoto. (Ha MarepuaJie nepesoios npousseaennii B. I'ioro): Asroped. amc. ... Combatti. Occhioni. - No, grazie. EpesaH, 1975, c. 21; Oepubac B. M. O 3aHMCTBOBAHHH H KAJbKHPOBAHHH NMPOH3BOJAHEIX CJIOB B PYCCKOM si3blKe (Ha MaTepHaJIe NPHCTABOYHO-CYPPHKCANBHEIX cyntecTBHTeJIbHbIX).— B Khā. : DTHMOJIOTHYECKHe HCCJIe/ĮOBaHHSA no pycckKoMy si3siKy. M., sum. 1972, 7, c. 72; AcidoBHY H. O. Banubia CcJIOBA pyccKoro MPOHCXOXKJIEHHs B COBPEMEHHOM Benvenuti in paradiso SI3bIKe: AsTtoped. AuC. ... Kaha. Occhioni. nayk.— Kuen, 1973, c. 17; OcHoBbi EODHH JIEKCHYECKOr0 KaJbKHPOBAHHA: Yu. nocobue.— Anma-Ara: Usalo. Cassidy. 1974, c. 103. 68 - Ehi. - Ehi. Prendetevi cura di voi! TaKHe KAJIbKH, KOTODBIE - Ehi. - Ehi. HO KaJIbKHPOBaHBI C APYroro si3bika, Hamp., ¢ pyccKoro (HeJdo1Uu6—>non è stato rilasciato (PJIIIC 223), naameyrosureav—slebsnogaudis (PJITIC 283)), c Hemenkoro (Neusilber—snaujasidabris (PJITIC 223), Uberspannung—antjtampis (PJITIC 274, TCBT 185)), c Aurumicorvo (subsequenza—«posekis (TCBT 197), sky-scraper—s>gratacielo (PJITIC 222)) u T. a. Oanako ycraHOBBI KOCBEHHbIX KAJIEK SIBJSIETCS 4acTO 3aTPYAHHUTEJIbHBIM, IIOCKOJIBKY BO MHOTHX CJIy4asix pyCCKHH KaJIbKHPYeMBlii OObeKT KaJieK, NPHBEAEHHBIX B JHTOBCKHX (DH3HKO-TeXHHUECKHX CJIOBApsiX, HMEET COOTBETCTBHA aHAaJOTHYHOH CTPYKTYPHl H CEMaHTHKH B JAPYTHX S3bIKAaX (AHTJIHHCKOM, HEMEIKOM, ¢panunysckom), Hanp. : semiconduttore (PJIIIC 305, C®T 238, TCBT 202) «<-pyc. Aura di noaynposodnux. Semiconduttore|paunu. Semiconduttore, amplificatore di pressione (TCBT 333)<pyc. Il nome è di origine non-indoeuropea. Vorverstirker H T. A. JlanHble KaJbKH MOTYT OBITh KaK HENOCPeJCTBEHHbIE —C PYCCKOrO, aHTJIHHCKOTO, HEMEIKOr0 HJIH ()PaHIy3CKOTO S13bIKOB, TAK H KOCBEHHbIE, IIOnaBINHe B JIHTOBCKYIO (PH3HKO-TEXHHYECKYIO TEDMHHOJIOTHIO Yepe3 INIOCpe/IHHK, T. €. 3bK. E' una cosa che non mi piace. 2.1.2. Il piacere della vita K COOTBETCTBYIONIIEeMY CJIOBY JIHTOBCKOTO S13bIKA CJIOB006pa30BATeJIbHbIe KaJbKH Dpa3jieJieHbi Ha DpeaJIbHbie H PeJsTHBHBIE, HJIH HHAYKTH. [Toa TepMHHOM UHOYKT TOJLpa3yMeBAIOTCS TAKHE HEOJIOTH3MEI, KOTODpEIe IIO OTHOLIEHHIO K KAJIBKHDYEMOMY OEBEKTY MOMKHO CUHTATh KaJbKaMH, a IO OTHOWIEHHIO K COOTBETCTBYIOIIEMY CJIOBY JHTOBCKOTO SI3bIKA —IIPOH3BOJHBIMH CJOBaMH. B rpynny TakHX HHAYKTOB BKJIIOYEHH: 1) TEDMHHHI, CJIOB00Opa30BATEeJIbHbIe MOATHIB KOTOPHIX COBMAJalOT CO CJIOBOOOpa30BATEJIbHbIMH MOATHIAMH TEPMHHOB JIpyTHX S13bIKOB (Hanp. : iSkrautuvas (PJITIC 344) «pyc. Pasepymcaresrs|uem. Scaricatore| aura. Scaricatore, chiodatrice (PJITIC 65) «pyc. 2603000ép); 2) HeOJIOTH3MEI, He HMEIOIIHE NPSIMBEIX COOTBETCTBHH CJIOBOOGpa30BaTEJNbHBIX NMOATHNOB B JAPYTHX $I3bIKax, HO CJIOBOOGpa30BaTeJIbHbIė AHAJIH3 KOTOPHX KOCBEHHO YyKa3blBaeT Ha 3TH IOATHIH (Hanp.: caoBooGpasoBaTeJbHblii HHAYKT farpumatis —wyn, cp. CJIOXHYIO CJIOBO06pa30BaTeJIbHVYIO KaJibky bangomatis<pyc. soaxomep|lanri. wavemeter|lnem. Wellenmesser nu T. 1.). 2.2. Ha ocHoBe cnoco6a o6pa3oBaHHs CJIOBOOOpa30BATEJIbHbIE KaJbKH pasaeneHbl Ha IIpeOHKCAJIbHLIe, cypduKcaabHble, OJIEKTHBHbIE H CJIOXKHBIE. 2.2.1. TlpepukcanbHble CJI0B006pa30BaTeJIbHbIe KaJbKH B JIHTOBCKOH (H3HKO-TeXHHYECKOH TEPMHHOJIEKCHKe Yallle BCero ymnoTpelJsiioTes CO CaeayloIHMH npeduKcaMu: ant-, cp. pyc. (EN, ES, FR, IT, ES, FR, IT) Aura. super-, over-(antslégis (PJITIC 371)»pyc. Csepxdasaenuelanra. Controcorrente, sovrappressione (PJITIC 372, COT 15, TCBT 260) «pyc. gocce| aura. Sopracorrente||luem. Uberstrom- ); ne-, cf. pyc. Lui... lui. Non-, aura. non-, un-(nonconduttore (PJITIC 224, COT 197) «pyc. 100 - 120 mg una volta al giorno. Non conduttore, non segato [barza] (PJIIIC 23)<-pyc. necamoxodnasn [6apxkal]; Pa-, po-, Cp. pyc. No, no. sotto-, aura. sub-(papakopé (PJIIIC 297) «pyc. noocrynenok, sottoveste 69 (COT 224) «pyc. NoOdnoznocal|aurn. sottobanda| nem. (Sottotitolo). po-, cp. Pyc. nocae-, aura. dopo- (sfondo) (COT 229) «pyc. Nocaeusobpascenuel aura. afterimage, effetsmis (PJITIC 309, COT 229) « Pyc. Nocaedeiicreuel laura. effetto di retroazione); Pries-, cp. Pyc. nporuso-, nped-, HEM. Contro, per, aHrJi. 331, TCBT 219) «pyc. nporusorox |mem. Gegensirremmung, prieSstiprintuvis (TCBT 333 ^ (PDF), pag. Non lo sono. (Prefazione). 9% o Bcex c10BOOGPa3OBATENBHBIX KaJieK, PHBEACHHBIX B JHTOBCKHX (H3HKO-TeXHHYECKHX CJOBapsAX. YCTAHOBJEHO, YTO NpedHKCAJbHBIE CJIOBOOGpa30BaTeJIbHbIe KaJbKH Valle Bcero o6pas3oBaHbl OT CyO(DHKCAJILHbIX JIEpHBaToB (Hanp., nelaidininkas, poveiksmis, prieSstiprintuvis). CaenoBarenbHO, KaJbKHDOBaHHE YKpernJageT CKJIOHHOCTb JIHTOBCKHX MNpedHKCaJbHBIX HEOJIOTH3MOB ONHPATbCA Ha CyLIECTBHTEJbHbIE C IpOH3BOJIHOH OCHOBOH. - Ehi, amico. npoTueo-, HeM. - E' una cosa che non mi piace. Grazie, sorella Hamp. : prieSmenulis (meTeopoJioTHs) «pyc. nporusorynalluem. (EN, ES) La tempesta, su Rotten Tomatoes, Flixster Inc. (EN, ES) La tempesta, su FilmAffinity. RPOTUBOCYMEPKU HI T. I. IlpedukcajibHbIe c10BOO6pa3oBaTeNbHble KaJbKH, NPHBEJEHHbIE B JIHTOBCKHX (DH3HKO-TeXHHYECKHX CJOBapsX, SIBJASIOTCS YAAYHBIMH H HOPMATHBHBIMH. 2.2.2. B coBpemMeHHOH JIHTOBCKOH (DU3HKO-TEXHHYECKOH TEPMHHOJIEKCHKE CyOOHKCAJIbHLIE CJIOBOOGpa30BATEJIbHbICE KaJIbKH COCTABIISIIOT 37,4% ot Bcex CJIOBO06pa30BAaTeJIbHbIX KaJIeK. IIpH KOnHpOBAHHH CYyOOHKCAJIbHbIX CJIOBOOGOpa30BATeJIbHbIX KaJIeK UalilĮe BCero VynOTpeOJISIOTCSH CJIejtylomHKe CyOOHKCEI: -mas, cp. pyc. 100. ^ (EN, ES), su,. - Oh, aria. 229) e "Io, l'uomo" (p. 229). Non ho bisogno di farlo. Bewdsserung, jangling (PJIIIC 222) «pyc. Non mi scusi. Carburazione- ); -inis, -€, cp. pyc. -Holil, -080ii ([risonatore] a conduzione benzoica (CPT 254, TCBT 254) «pyc. 804H0so0Hell [pesonartop], supersonico [velocità] (COT 104, TCBT 260) «pyc. ceepx3sykosas [CKOPOCTh]); -fuvas, cp. pyc. - Te'ab, -HUK, -4UK, HEM. - Eh, aura. -er, -or (iCaricamento (PJITIC 344)< pyc. Paszpyscareas| no. Lancia di lancio. Scaricatore, scaricatore (PJIIIC 418, TCBT 310)<pyc. Non lo so. Acquirente); -Iklis, cp. pyc. - Teas, -4uk, auri. -er, -Or, HeM. -er (separatore (TCBT 162) «pyc. ordeaureas, commutatore (PJITIC 271, COT 218, TCBT 182) «pyc. Non è un'impresa facile. (Aggiornamento). -éjas, -tojas, cp. pyc. -Teas, -4UK, aur, -er, -or, Hem. -er (Utente (TCBT 202) «pyc. Aura. Utente, portatore (TCBT 154) «pyc. Aura. Carrier||nem. Trager); -uma, cp. pyc. - Ok, aura. -bility, no. -keit, -heit (lavorabilità (PJITIC 234) «pyc. 6pabarsisaemocts| nem. Lavorabilità, (applicabilità) (TCBT 218) «pyc. Lancia di lancio. adattabilità). 2.2.2.1. - E' una cosa che non mi piace. B nocieanee Bpemsi B TeXHHUECKOH TEePMHHOJIEKCHKE MOSBHJIOCH MHOTO CJIOBOOOpAa30BATEJIbHbIX KAJIEK C cy@duKcoM 70 06pa30BaHHbIX OT TJIAr0JIOB, HMEIOINHX 1997 - Non è niente, dir. : risciacquo (PJITIC 230) «pyc. obessorawusanue, sgrassatura (PJITIC 230) «pyc. 6esacuapanue| em. Sgrassatura. Jlauuble KAJIbKH SIBJISj0TCSl - Ehi. - Ehi. HeHOpMaTHBHOCTb Takux KAaJIEK o6ycCJOBAHBAETCS MoZI00POM Ehi aYHOro CJIOBA — IGIaroJa ¢ NPHCTABKO# nu-. B PYCCKOM S13bIKe CJIOZKHAsl TABELLINA II 00e3-, CBOHCTBEHHAS - Ehi. - Ehi. CaJIbHBIM - E' un peccato. CO 3HAYCHHEM <«GIHIIHTH Uero-JI., OCBOOOJIHTb OT 4-1-1-1". ; 06e3004uUTs, o6escuputrs. To 3HAICHHE «JIHUIICHHE U€ro-To» ESCURSIONE B Hey. NPHCTAaBKO# 0e3-, KoTopasi OObIuKHO He CUHTAETCS rJaTOJIbHOf NPHCTaBKOH: OHA CJHYXHT 100 mg OOpa3OBAHHS NPHJIAraTeJNbHBIX H CYIIECTBHTE/IbHBIX CO 3HAYEHHEM «JIHIIEHHBIH 4ero-to»3, B JIHTOBCKOM S513biKe C NpHCTABKOR nu06pa3oBaHbl IJIAroJIbi, a TAKXKe - Ehi, amico. Thl C CyQQuKCOM -mas, KOTOpble A2HHOrO 3 ^ Ibid. He pagg. Sorella mia... - FOJIBI, TAK H - Ehi. - Ehi. C NMPHCTABKOH nuyKaspBaloT Ha OT/leJIeHHEe (BblAeJIeHHE) Yero-To OT COBOKYNHOCTH, HAampaBjeHHe IefCTBHS BHH3 HJIH BJlaJib C NOAIePKUBAHHEM OKOHYAaHHS TOTALE JeicTBHs H T. A. * - Ehi. Me TOTO, HEHOPMAaTHBHOCTh JIaHHBIX CAJIEK CBsi3aHa - Grazie. CO CJeNbiM - Ehi. - Ehi. 3TOro catene 166. ^ Ambrogio, pag. : disidratazione <pyc. Non è vero. Disinfezione u T. n. CiefioBaTenbHo, NpH YHOPALOYEHHH (DPU3HKO-TEXHHYECKOH TEPMHHOJIOTHH AaHHBIE KaJbKH C CYyO- ¢pukcom - Non lo so. 3aMEHHTh GoJiee 2009 COOTBETCT- - Beh, si'. 2.2.2.2. CiduccaapHbie CJI0BOOGPA3OBATENBHBIE - Ehi, amico. HEI ¢ chiusoKCOM -inis, -ė 06pa3yioTCsi B OCHOBHOM OT CJOKHBIX Kajiek-cy1999 - IbHbIX. J[aHHbie TIpH/IaraTeJIibHbhIe COOTBETCTBYIOT CJIOBO006pa30BaTeJIbHbIM NpaBHJIaM JIHTOBCKOTO S53bIKa, OHH SIBJSIOTCS REVISIONE H E' un peccato. B JHTOBCKO#H (H3HKO-TeXHHYECKOH TEDMHOJIEKCHKE INNHDpOE' un'idea fantastica. NOJIYJUKHJIH B - Ehi, amico. BpPeMs T'HIIOCTAa3Hble - Ehi. - Ehi. C CypduKcom -inis, -ė. Takue runocra3HbIie O6pa30BaHHS — - Ehi. - Ehi. ¢ Cioè, sì. -inis, -ė— yale Bcero 060pa30BaHbi OT CJIOBOCOUeTaHHH CYyMecTBHTEJIbHbIX C NnpejJIioraMH be, po, prieš, virš, Kanp. : continuo [Appende] (PJITIC 113) (PDF), pag. 6essasoproe [3auenJenne], poislankiné [lenta] (PJIIIC 95)<pyc. nodxpyicarsras [mocca], prezzo medio [Salva] (PJITIC 105) «pyc. nomediboiinsii [3arou], supersonico [velocità] (COT 104, TCBT 260 ^ (PDF), pag. ceepx3sykosas [ckopocts] piange. Ipersonico|luem. dberschall nu T. x. OfHAaKO uacTb - Sì. E'... GIEK SIBJISIIOTCS - Ehi. - Ehi. HeHopMaTHBHOCTb TaKHX CAJIEK E' una cosa che non mi piace. Bo-nepBbIx, HMeHa NpHJIaraTeJIibHbIe, OGpa30BAHHbE OT npenJjiora be H HMEHH Ciao a tutti. He MPH NOMOILIH cyddukca -inis, -ė, a pH noMONnH OKOHUAHHA - Sì. E' un peccato. CJIOBO06pa30BaLI * Po3anuosa T. C. K o0pa3oBaHHi0 OTHIMEHHBIX TIJIAaroJIOB C NPHCTaBKoOil o6e3-—B - Fuori. : Il suo nome è Bonpocki rpaMMaTHKH pycckoro g3bIKa. Tizia, 1974, c. 21. * Grammatica della lingua lituana.— V.: Il pensiero, 1971, t. 2, p. 279; Consigli per la pratica linguistica.— V.: La scienza, 1976, p. 159. 71 - Ehi, amico. MESE II HMEH - No, non e' vero. SIBJISETCHA NPOAYKTHBHBIM - Grazie. H B 100. ^ Scacchi, pag. : bégis, «6e3pejJibCOBBbIH>, -ė bekibirkštis, «6e3uckposoit» -ė (aromatizzat24—25), ore PJIIIC [Altoparlante] «6espynupubiii [Risate] » (N.P.T.) 76) - Lui. CiegoBaTenbHO, BbiureynmoMsHYyTBIe cJI0BOOGpa3oBaTe/ibHble KAJIbKH-I!pHJIATATEJIbHbIe, 00pa30BaHHble MPHCOELHHEHHEM Mpeaora be K HMEHH Cilindro H O(OPMJICHHEIE IPH TOMOIILH cyddukca -inis, -ė, HyX1al0TCsl B KOPPEKTHPOBAHHH: non interrotto (=non interrotto) [Appende] «6es3asopnoe [3auenuienue], a Bmecro beslégiminis (=beslégis) [sulla superficie dell'acqua] «Gesnanopuslii [Bog0BOA], NOCKOJIbKY B (hH3HKO-T€- XHHYECKOH TePMHHOJIEKCHKe 60Jiee MPHEMJIEMBIM SIBJISICTCSE TEPMHH slégis «JaBleHHe». Bo-BTOpHIX, HMeHa IpHJaraTejbHble, 00Pa3OBaHHBIE OT NPEAJIOTOB H NPOH3BOJAHBIX HMEH CYIIECTBHTEJbHbIX, YaCTO SBJSIOTCS TpOMO3JKHMH, Hanp. : pre-macellazione, cp. pyc. 3arot] ap. H 2.2.2.3. YcTaHOBJIEHO, YTO B COBpeMeHHOH JIMTOBCKOH TEXHHYECKOH TepMHHOJIEKCHKe INpeo6JiafaloT CJIOBOOOpa30BAaTeJIbHbIe KaJIbKH (dauie HH/LYKTH) Cc cyddurcamu -fuvas, -iklis, cp. pyc. -Tea, -HUK, -4UUK, oro. -er, -or, HEM. - E' una cosa che non mi piace. Takas: TeH1eHIIHS] BO3HHKJIA, IO-BHAHMOMY, BCJEJICTBHE BJHSHHS TEPMHHOJIOTHH JAPYrHX (ocoGeHHO pPyCCKOro) sI3bIKOB, TaK KaK B JIHTOBCKOM JIHTEPATYPHOM si3bIKe npeo6JajaloT NPOH3BOJAHLIE CJIOBA C JaHHBIMH CyOOHKCAMH, AJ KOTOPBIX MOTHBHDYIOIIIHE CJIOBA —HenpedHKcaJbHble TJIATOJIbi. DOJBIIHHCTBO CJIOBO06pa30BAaTeJIbHbIX Kajek ¢ cypbdukcamu -tuvas, -iklis ABAAIOTCS HOPMATHBHHIMH H TIPHEMJIEMbIMH, 3a HCKJIOUYEHHeM HEKOTOpHIX, TAKHX Kak: praplautuvas (=lavastoviglie), cp. pyc. npomeisarers, separatore (=separatore), cf. pyc. Ordeaureas u Ap. 2.2.24. B nUTOBCKOH (DH3UKO-TEXHHUYECKOH TEPMHHOJIEKCHKe CJIOBOOGpa30BaTeJibHble KAJIbKH ¢ cydhdukcamu -éjas, -tojas (cp. pyc. -Teas, -4UK, aur. -er, -Or, HeM. -er) no cBOeMy 3HayeHHIo 6ojiee GJH3KH K HOCHTEJISM IJ1aroJbHoro mnpu3Haka. CJIeJjOBATEJIbHO, HEOAYIIEBJEHHHIM NpeAMeTaM MpPHIAeTCs nepeHocHOe 3HayeHHe HOCHTeJIS TJIATrOJIbHOTO IIPpH3HAKa, Cp. TaKXe TeXHHyeckue TepMHHH fabbrica produttore, pyc. 3ag8o0-npousgodurers, area di fabbrica, pyc. 3asod-zacpsaswuress wu T. A. ONHAKO H3-3a CEMaHTHYECKOH JIBOHCTBEHHOCTH CJIOB C CyOĖOHKCOM -Te/165 B JHTOBCKOH (DHIHKO-TEXHHYECKOH TEepMHHOJIEKCHKe B psijie cjaydYaeB OOHapyKHBAIOTCsi HeHOpMATHBHbIe - No, grazie. Aggiungi alla ¢ lista dei desideri - Notti, notti. HenopmarusHOCTh J @HHBIX KaJieK E' un'idea B fantastica. Bo-nepBbiX, HEHOPMATHBHOCTb YaCTO CBfi3aHa C COOTBETCTBYIOLIUM CJIOBOM, KOTOpOe Sibjisietch HeNphtoahlim JJisi ynoTrpebJsenus. B Non ci sono informazioni disponibili. CONPSIKEHHOCTb KaJbKH H E' una cosa. E' un'idea fantastica. KAJIbKH SIBJISIOTCH CTPYKTYPHO AJIEKBATHLIMH CBOEMY 1000 a.C. - 1000 a.C. - 1000 a.C. C. PaspuTHe cJioBapHoro cocraBa PYCCKOTO JIHTEPATYPHOrO S3bIKa eKTy, CeMaHTHYECKH 30-90-e roam XIX Beka.—M.-- --JI. : Hayka, 1965, c. 229. 72 HO 100. ^ Cappelli, pag. : vettore, cp. Pyc. Hocuteab, AHI. Carrier, nem. Trager : un vettore di isotopo? (COT 198) «pyc. Il vostro discorso. Vettore isotopico|lnem. Isotopentriger, portatore di carica (COT 198) <-pyc. Wocureas sapsalaliaurn. Portatore di carica|uem. Caricatore. B TEPMHHOJIOTHYECKOM CJIOBape MO BBHIYHCJIHTEJbHOH TEXHHKE NPHBEIEH IEJblii pl AaHHBIX HOCUTezneii: trasportatore libero (TCBT 154) «pyc. c80600HbLi Aura di luce. Free carrier, vettore principale (TCBT 154) «pyc. Occhio di Falco | aura. Majority carrier, portatore di corrente (TCBT 154) «pyc. WocuTeA6 ToKal Laura. Portatore di corrente u T. A. Bene, NaHHbIE. TEDMHOJIOTHYECKHE CJIOBOCOYETAHHSI BO3HHKJIH OJ BJHSHHEM aHAJOTHYHBIX CJOBOCOYeTaHHH JPYrHX S3bIKOB, CP. - Grazie, signore. eas-wocureas u A casa. Trigergas, pyc. pacreop-nocuteas u A casa. Trigger lotion (HPIIC 738) u Ap. CemanTnKa riiarosia portare «<HeCTH» H CEMaHTHKa Portatore di KAJIbKH «ALTO TeJIb>, KOTOpasi HMEHYeTCsi TePMHHOJOTHYECKHM [ECHTHATOM, IIpoTHBOpeuaT APYT Apyri, POWERBOYS IIOJ - Sì. KaJbKOH NOJpa3yMeBaeTcss 3HaueHHe "HajihuHe, non piangere". CienoBaTeNbHO, JIUJIS HMEHOBaHHS JAHHbIX TOHATHH nesecoo6pasHo 1moxo6paTh HHOE CJOBO, HMEIOIlee APYroid KOpeHb, NOA0GHOe TepMHHY trasportatore, ynotpeGiasieMomMy B (hH3HUECKOH TEPMHHOJOTHH BMeCTO HETOYHOrO TePMHHA trasportatore di carico «HOCHTeJb 3apsiia». Bo-BTOpPHIX, HeHOpMATHBHOCTb CJIOBOOOpa30BATeJIbHbIX KaJeK € cyddukcamu -éjas, -fojas 06yCJIOBJIHBAETCSl HETOYHBIM ynoTpebGJeHHeM caMuX cyhdukcos-éjas, -tojas, Hanp. : perteikéjas (TCBT 154) «pyc. Nocurers, aura. carrier, braiZytojas [automatinis] (TCBT 371) <pyc. 144 ^ (EN) A.A.M.E., pag. Designer e T. Jį. JlaHHBIE KaJbKH NPOTHBOPEYAT CJIOBOO6pa30BATEJIbHbIM 3aKOHOMEPHOCTSIM NPOH3BOJAHBIX ¢ cydduKcoMm -€jas, -tojas NUTOBCKOTO $3BIKA. B TepMHHOJIOTHH [JI HAHMEHOBAHHSA MOJAOGHBIX NPHGOPOB, MEXaHH3MOB, aTllnapaTOB H T. Jį. ynoTpebJsioTcs AepHBATH C APYTrHMH cyddHKcaMH, KOTOpbie MOXHO CIIeIlHaJH3HPOBaTh ”. 2.2.2.5. - Grazie. - Grazie. Cc cypodukcom -umas o6pa3oBaHO OT CTPajaTeNbHbIX NPHYACTHI HACTOSIIErO BpeMenH. O6Gpa3oBaHue nepHBATOB ¢ cyd(HUKCOM -umas OT NPHYACTHH BOOOINE B JIHTOBCKOM S13bIKE SBJISETCH HEOOBIYHBIM siBJeHHeM. Bce aGCTpakThl NLaHHOH TPYMNIbl, KaK yKa3biBaeTcsi B «[paMMaTHKE JHUTOBCKOTO SI3bIKA», $IBJIAIOTCH HEOJIOTH3MaMH JIHTOBCKOTO JIHTEPAaTypPHOTO si3blKa, KOTOpble yale BCEro ymnoTpe6asioTCs B TepMHHOJOTHH S. CJIe/ĮOBATEJIbHO, TaKasi TeH/EHIHS NOKa3bIBAET, YTO PYCCKasi TEpMHHOJIOTHS aKTHBH3HPYyeT 00pasoBaHHe JIHTOBCKHX TEPMHHOB —HMEH CYIIECTBHTEJbHBIX C cypdHKCcOM -umas, o6pasoBan- € lon naHHBIMH COCTABHBIMH TepMHHaMH He NOJApPasyMeBaloTCs CJIOBOOGpa30BATeJILHBIC KaJibkH. OJHAaKO OJAHH H3 KOMIIOHEHTOB TaKHX TePMHHOB —portatore «HOCHTEeJb» —SIBJSeTCS CJIOBOOGPA30BaTeAbHONH KaJbKOil, IMO3TOMY aHAJH3HPYeTCs ee CeMaHTHKa. 7" Keinys St. Priesaginé lietuviškų terminų daryba.—Lietuvių terminologija (Lietuviy kalbotyros klausimai), 1975, t. 16, p. 24. 8 Grammatica della lingua lituana.—V. : La Repubblica, 1965, t. 1, p. 10. 73 HbIX OT CTPaAaTeJbHBIX IIpH4acCTHH HACTOSIIIErO BpeMeHH H HMEIOLIHX 3HA- - Sì. OTBJIEYEHHOrO NPH3HAKA. 2.23. B (HU3HKO-TeXHHYECKHX CJIOBADSIX OBIETTIVO CJ0BOOGpa3oBaTeJIbHbIX CAJIEK NPHBEACHO - Ehi. - Ehi. ITPONEHT 1aHHBIX - Ehi. - Ehi. COOTBETCTBYET TNPOLEHTY NpedHKCaJIbHbIX CJIOBOOGpa30BaTeJIbHbIX - Caillou. TiockoJibKy H3-3a KpaTKOCTH H CTpyKTYpHOH NpOCTOTbI (DjIEKTHBHbIe ÍepHBATbI SBJASIOTCS - Oh, mio Dio. HHM H3 OCHOBHbIX H YJOOHbIX CPeACTB NON APPLICABILITÀ JIHTOBCKON TEDMHOJIOTHH»*, OGGETTO KAJIbKH B TEMHHOJIOTHH TaK2XKEe MOTMyT GkITb HCIIOJIb30BAHbI - Bene. B JHTOBCKHX ()H3HKO-TEXHHYUECKHX CJIOBADSX NpHBOJISTCS (DJIeKTHBHBIE - No, non e' vero. OOpa3OBAaHHbIe CO CJIE/LYIPOIIUHMH -a (copertura) (PJITIC 236) (PDF), pag. o6ramwxra, presupposto (PJITIC 315, COT 230, TCBT 209) «pyc. Pebednoceiara, nepriepyla (PJITIC 223) « «pyc. Hedoaus, salta (PJITIC 330) (PDF), pag. nponyck), -as (antistato) (PJITIC 212) «pyc. nadcrpoiikalluem. Uberbau, lubrificanti (PJIIIC 231) «pyc. oomaska), -is (perlekis) (Piccolo 273)<« Pippo. npoaér, vaginale (PJITIC 310, COT 228, TCBT 205) (PDF), pag. Nocaecsedenue|anrn. afterglow, sgskambis (PJITIC 391, COT 268) «pyc. Aura. Accordo|nem. Accordo. B (usHKO-TeXHHUECKHX CJIOBapsix COBCEM He NPHBOASITCS OTHIMEHHBIE (ikTHBHBlIE C€JI0BOOGPa3oBaTeNbHble KaJbKH. Bee aHaJu3upyeMble (DJIEKTHBHBIE CJIOBOOO0pa30BAaTeJIbHbICE KAJbKH SIBJISIOTCS E' un peccato. CKJIOHHOCTb OGpa30BbIBAaTb TOJIbKO OTTINIATOJIbHbIeE (DJIEKTHBHbIe CJIOBOO6pa30BAaTeJibHbIeE KaJbKH OOYCJOBJIHBAeTCS HECKOJIbKHMH TipHuHHAMH. Bo-nepBbix, B JIHTOBCKOH TEMHHOJIOTHH GOJBIIHHCTBO (Io sono qui) Sì. 06pasoBaHO OT ruaroJios !*. Bo-BTOpHIX, TaKasi TEH/LEHIIHA OOHAPYKHBACTCS Grazie B CJIOB006pa30BaTeJibHOli CHCTeMe PYCCKOro si3blKa, rie HMEHa CyllecTBHTeJbHbIe C HYJeBBIM cypdukcoM uauie E' passato un po' di tempo. OT TJIAroJIOB *!, Buon anno. 3toro 6oJibllasi 4acTh JHTOBCKHX OTIVIATOJBLHBIX (DJIEKTHBHBIX - Ehi. - Ehi. 06pasoBaHa Mo NpHMepy PyCCKOTro 3bIka. 2.2.3.1. 2000 - 2001 - 2002 - 2003 - 2004 - 2005 - 2006 - 2007 - 2008 - 2009 - 2010 - 2011 - 2012 - 2013 - 2014 - 2015 - 2016 - 2017 - 2018 - 2019 - 2020 - 2021 - 2022 - 2023 - 2024 - 2025 - 2026 - 2027 - 2028 - 2029 - 2030 - 2031 - 2032 - 2033 - 2034 - 2035 - 2036 - 2037 - 2038 - 2039 - 2040 - 2041 - 2042 - 2043 - 2044 - 2045 - 2047 - 2048 - 2049 - 2050 - 2051 - 2052 - 2053 - 2054 - 2055 - 2057 - 2058 - 2059 - 2060 - 2061 - 2062 - 2063 - 2064 - 2065 - 2066 - 2067 - 2068 - 2069 E' un po' troppo per me. B JaHHOM cJy4ae §BJACTCS KaJbKHPYeMbIM 06bekToM. 1000-1200 a.C.) e il suo successore, il faraone Amenhotep III (r. 1200-1220 a.C.). nedoaus, non adatto (PJIIIC 223) «pyc. #edobop). CnoBooGpasoBaTeNbHble KAJIbKH C (ekcuedi -a uyaue Bcero O6pa30BAHbi OT TIJIATOJIOB, HMEIOIIHX CJIe/lyIOIOHe npedukcH: is-, at-, per-, pra-, pri-. t 2.2.3.2. CJioBo06pa30BaTe/ibHbIX KaJeK C (yieKcueil -as B OH3HKO-TEXHHYCCKHX CJIOBApsiX IIpHBe/IeHO ropasjio MeHbIIIe, UeM CJIOBOOGpa30BaTeJIbHbIX KaJIEK ¢ (uekcueil -a. HenpojiykTHBHOCTb JaHHBIX KAJIEK 00YCJOBJIHBAETCS,? 1979, pp. 180. ^ (EN) Keinys St., Terminologia finale.—Problemi della linguistica sociale, 1979, pp. 19. 10 autovetture. 1! Piccola spada. ^ Cfr. : Hayka, 1980, T. 1, c. 219. 74 non-BHAHMOMY, TEM, UTO B TEMHHOJIOTHH BOOGIE H3 BCEX (DJIEKTHBHBIX Sì. BaTOB - Ehi. - Ehi. AepuBaTh ¢ iekcueii - Ah. CJioB006pa30BaTeJibHbIe KaJibKu ¢ daekcueil - Come un uomo. O6pasoBaHHe - Sì. KaJieK BOOGIE He MPOTHBOPEYHT OOpa30BAHHIO AEPHBATOB C (DJieKcHefi - come JHUTOBCKOTO JIHIl tipo 3 è il tipo 3b. [109ToMy - Ehi, amico. KAJIbKH SIBAAICTCS APPROVAZIONE H APPROVAZIONE DELLA COMMISSIONE. 2.2.3.3. H3 Bcex (IEKTHBHBIX CJIOBOOGPA30BATENbHBIX KAJIEK, MPHBEIEHHbIX B (PHSHKO-TEXHHYCCKHX CJIOBADSIX, MEHbINe BceX OOHaPY:KEHO CJIOBOOGpa30BaTeJIbHbIX KaJIieK Cc (piekcueli -iS—HX B [Ba pa3a MeHbINė, UeM CJIOp006pa30BaTejIibHtLIX KaJIek C OJIeKcHef -as. - E' una cosa che non mi piace. E' una cosa che non mi piace. 306-307 ^ Ibid. pagg. KAJIbKH C daekcueit -is (pošvytis<-pyc. nocaeceeuenue|lanrn. afterglow), umeronrue rpedukc po-, 06aanalOT 3HAYEHHEM, KOTOPOe HECBOMCTBEHHO MOAOGHBIM JIepHUBaTaM JIHTOBCKOTO $I3blKa H SIBHO CBSI3aHO C NPEAJOTraMH: PYCCKHM —/1O0cae, aHTJIMHCKHM —after H UX SKBHBAJIEHTAMH B JIHTOBCKOM $I3BHIKE pO, paskui. = | 2.2.4. Cnoxuble CJIOBO00pa30BATeJIbHbIe KAJIbKH-CVIHEeCTBHTeEJIbHbIe COCTABJISIIOT JIOBOJI5HO OOČINHDpHYJO MOArpynmy kajek (oKOJIO 28,6%) H3 BCcex, CJI0BO006pa30BaTeJIbHbiX (IpedHKCAJIbHEIX, CyOOHKCAJIbHbIX, (DJIEKTHBHbIX, CJIOXHbIX) KaJIeK. 1) CcJIOxHbIe KAJIbKH C ONOPHLIM KOMIOHEHTOM —OCHOBOH CYIIECTBHTEJNBHOTO H 2) CJIOXKHBIE KAJIbKH C OIIOPHBIM KOMIIOHEHTOM —TJIaroJIbHOK ocHOBOH. Hanbosee npoAyKTHBHbIMH SIBJSIIOTCS CJEAYIOHIHe C/I0BOOOpa3oBaTe/ibHble CTPYCTYPE CJIOXKHBIX - Ehi, amico. a) ajieKBATHbIX KAJIEK: HMS, CYlIlĮeCTBHTEJIbHOC + HMS CYILECTBHTEJILHOC /S+S/, ums npuaararenbHoe-+HMS cymecrBHTeJibuoe. [A+S/, xapeyne+ HMA CcymecTBHTeJibHOe. [A¢+S/Hm. HMs cyllecTBHTeNbHOE-}TIJIaroa /S+V/. 304) ^ a b c d e f g da h da I j k l da m da n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ac ad ac ad ac ad ac ad ac ad ac ad ac ad ac ad ac ad ac ad ac ad ac ad ac ad ac ad ac ad ac ad ac ad ac ad ac ad ac ad ac ad ac ad ac ad ac ad ac ad ac ad ac ad ac ad ac ad ac noaysoanal|uem. Mezzogiorno. Semionda, sarvaplokite (PJITIC 32), cp. pyc. 6 ore. Panzerplate; (A+ +S/=/A+S/aukstakrosné (PJIIIC 94), cfr. em. Hochofen, argento (PJIIIC 223), cp. em. Nichel-argento; [Ay+S/=/A+S/multiplo (PJITIC 199), cfr. pyc. mnoeocranounux; [S+V/=IS+V/bangomatis (PJIIIC 52, COT 31, TCBT 29), cfr. pyc. soanomeplluem. 2, su lanyard.it. Ondametro, sméliasvaidis (PJIIIC 278), cp. pyc. neccomer; 12 KašibkH CO CJ0BOOGPA3uBATENILHON CTPYKTYPOit (S+V), ONOpHBIT KOMIOHEHT KOTOpbix —-matis, B aHTVIHACKOM H HEMEIKOM S3BIKaX COOTBETCTBYIOT CJIOXKHbIM CYIIECTBHTEJbHBb CO CJ0BO0GpasoBaTeIbHOM CTPYKTYpoR (S+S). Oanako B ganHOM cayuae GoJee nejiec000pa3Ho cpaBHHBATL CJIOBO0Cpa30BATeJIbHbIeE CTPYKTYPHI KaJbKHpyeMOro o0bekTa, MOCKOJbKY PYCCKHH $3BIK SIBJASIETCA MOCPEAHHKOM HJIH HENoCpeACTBEHHBIM OGGETTO COMPOSIZIONE Kajlkh. 75