Gervėčių šnektos ištiktukai

LITHUANIAN LINGUISTICAL QUESTIONS, XXVIII (1989) LANGUAGE RELATIONS AND INTERACTIONS JONINA LIPSKIENĖ GERVĖČIŲ ŠNEKTO IŠTIKTUKAI Alongside peculiar and pictorial words, a considerable number of outliers have been recorded in the Gervėčiai area, the most compact Lithuanian island in the territory of the Belarusian SSR. They represent sounds, images or sensations caused by various factors. Properly and moderately used, they enrich the language, make it more vivid and picturesque. We can clearly feel these characteristics when reading, for example, M. Valančius- ’s “Palangos Juza”, where they are used in a very abundant way. As in other Lithuanian dialects, Gervėčių adjectives can be divided into verbs by origin, e.g.: kilst: kélti —Kap tik kilst pūduška, tai iF vėl' rėk't' |slyst: slysti —Dé, dė (dėjo) kojas, slys't' (kriuvo) and mėgdžiojamuosius- !. There are many more written. Their structure and composition are very varied, imitating sounds or images caused by some action, e.g.: blakt —Ir blakt' ugnėlė ažgėso | klakt —Parrevedžiojo ana koves, klakt ir griūvo" | cak, cak —tak, tak, it's coming. According to the basic features of the structure, these verbs are mostly monosyllabic, but there are also two-syllabic, less often — trisyllabic, e.g.: [yZt, turlum, šebulaikšt. According to the sound composition of the end of the word, many of the schnekt outliers can be divided into formative and non-formative. The phrases that imitate sounds related to various movements or represent images that occurred during the action are often monosyllabic and end with the formant ¢. This formant can be after various consonants, mostly after k, m, p, s (e.g. makt, pliémt, capt, kliūst) or after the consonant samples ks, kš, mp, ms, nk, rp (e.g. vikst, pykšt, pūmpt, krdamst, dzinkt, virpt). Many of these outliers do not express the action itself, but only complement, highlight and enliven the image, sound, feeling, etc., caused by it. : Stakt' atsistéjo ir sūko | Anas až būteliaus ir pliomt: „Išgersim“ | Capt až vuodegės ir pagovė | Tėp boba kap kliūs't' [boiling water], to ti if nusmūko paiistis (hair) | Anas vikst' ir nubėgo" | Pykšt' tvorąrazbrauzė | Pūmpt' obuoljs ir nukrito | Aš tą dėšrą kramst' | Dzinkt' nėsin, ir ankando bitėlė | Vilkenyčia (dress) viFpt' pėršoko... : Ė kél' mano gerklé nč kuolū ažkišta, nč ratū ažsukta, tai aš šmirš' su poršeliū |(pvz. Anas šmirkšt vidui) | IF pūkš, ir neuūilipė danguni su ¢ (plg. Lipė, lipė, pupa pūkšt, — krito). ir ! Based on material collected during the 1970 m. expedition ir iš Some collections of narrative ir folklore from the Folklore Fund of the Lithuanian Language Literature Institute. 118 Less be formatting is written for outliers. They usually end in various vowels, diphthongs or consonants and often imitate the sounds of insects and other animals or objects: In Kone, the same outlier is always repeated two, three, or even four times in order to emphasize the sound continuity of the action. Some non-formal verbs often only complement the action and are used when one wants to describe more strongly either the longer duration of the non-formal action being performed, or the sounds and sensations, images of a more sudden action, e.g. : Bū-bū-bū —ana abijojo —neina | Bū-bū-bū kap ėmė lapatuotie | Bz), bzy —bee Iėkia | Triū-riū-riūū, triū-riū-riūū, have you not seen the bear, the deer, the lion, the wolf? Screaming bee zizy, zizy from flower to flower | Son of a bitch — just goes a t6 fire ti — - Yeah, yeah, yeah, yeah. | Aū-aū, aū-aū lėja kalytė | Bar, bar, bar sprinkled girldité (girl) drunk anys — | Cak, cak, cak lekia : "Panuvėš, pavéZy (take me away, take me away)" | Mur, muf no time, I — eat lynx mice and ran to my feet | Ė dzi-liūn', dzi-liūn', až dzi-liū' — | Tap, tap, tap goes that — inside | The cock again tui, tufi, tufi (subeldé). In this case, it is a non-linear, non-convex, non-convex-convex matrix. iš They represent sounds that are most associated with the su audible sound when pronouncing tą ar another consonant ar jų a compound, e.g. : Kūtas (Cuckoo)... be it kap what star zzzz athuyo ir | Pagirdo anys — squirting, hard cock (forest) | Only the fallen ones [oak], pFFF fell ir Ivonėlis | Then, when he was scared, the horse just fell. iF This group probably also includes the exclamation mark, formed by iš a longer pronounced vowel between two consonants, e.g. būūūch: brūžas tik E biidfich nukriūvo. — In addition to the above-mentioned types of substitution, there are other types be of 7, substitution, such as substitution by substitution. : Plas, plas paskridé [his] bird from fell |(cf. rose, plast', plast', plast', plast' and flew) | The pigeon peed into the pit, the pigeon peed, the pigeon peed, the pigeon peed, you know, the pigeon peed | (plg. T6 mouse just flipped and didn't — hit the mouse [bear] | Tap, tap, fooled womanme (plg. "Tap', tap' goes bear buyion". It is written in the dialect of Gervėčiai and in the eastern part of Lithuanian language. Instead of the commonly used fricatives šl/iūkšt, šliūkšt, triokšt, — here we say šlikšt, kridukšt, kūkš(t), e.g. : Then ir again kap šlikt wolf wolf) broke (| ir [disconnected], ir su the column flew to the bog (forest) | The ir dust't break down Say you're above (top) | Aš až the fence's hood, the fence's hood, the fence's hood, the fence's hood. In the context of one ir tale, the peculiar interesting outliers šamakšt, šebulaikšt are used, which correspond to the common language šėst, šmakšt, e.g. : Anas šamakš't' pėčiun ją Šebulaikš't' | pėčiun unsviedė, abūšlaite ir (kronniadangte) aždengė | (plg. still visually sharp outliers: "Anthony Buys" (in French). The image and movement of the extinguishing fire is described by the preposition 5b/akt, which corresponds to the common language plist, plūpt, e.g. blakt' Ir ugnėlė ažgiso. To describe the sudden, agile movement (strikt, strykt) of a small animal, skik, skikt, sviFpt, vikst, viFpt are used, e.g. : The piglets smelled, smelled, just skik, skik, skik just who — saw the sea ir | All the piglets viFpt', viFpt', viFpt' jumped into the pit | Vilkenyčia (wolf) swiFpt' pershooč aš ko, kap apišes lakstas 119 (leaves) shaking | Anas viks't' ir ran away | Medinea goat (stirna) was, beautiful such —viFpt', virpt' ana lėkia. The same pronoun is often used to express several images or sounds ar that occur during specific dynamic actions, or to describe the action itself: A broken door. | Fuck the fucking whip. Just šūs't' avėlę ratuosan | šūs't' pėčiun ir unšdvė (interruption) | You can get — away with it, you can go home. | The deer runs forward, — runs forward. In the first sentence, the pronoun pykšt denotes the sound of a breaking — fence, in the second the stroke of a baton. In other ta Lithuanian dialects, the meaning is more characteristic of — other outliers, for example, tridkšt when talking about a fence, plidukšt — about a whip. In the context of ne the sentence, some of the apostrophes seem to always be used in their place, e.g. Anas lapt, lapt ir su Goose flying. The word lapt is perhaps more suitable to describe the action of walking, running. Flying movements are described by the adjectives plast, plist. The latter are also used in conversation without the formative t: Plas, plas paskridė[- jo] (paskrido) paūkštė iF krito | Pas'kėlė paūkštės —plast', plast' iF nūlėkė. In the vicinity very peculiarly accurately ir highlights the movement of a small fire vifpt, e.g. : ViFpt', viFpt' the fire iF goes, goes | (Dar plg. : Says "brothe- (| r" brother) — only goes a fire to shit, shit, ti shit) | "I'm going to be a runner-up, I'm going to be a runner-up, I'm going to be a runner-up". As in other ir dialects of Lithuanian language, pronouns, denoting specific actions, characteristic sounds of living objects, often ar replace verbs of various tenses (mostly past perfect tense) in the sentence: ir Anas briks't' dal'gį putésan itésan | Aš Pinus až pinea (brooms) — such a stroke covered | Anas slowly, slowly ir suck' ją až vuodegos. My beard drams't'... Bear just dumped | Kap just kils't' a blowjob, it scream' iš | Tėp yébé kap kliūs't' [boiling water], it ti iF stroke rest (hair) | She'll nearly ir take you away Sdrka | Kndpt' az to boy's iš nugget | Then, kap opt’ k lenciūvo, až say ir | Get your head out if of the way. | Aš tą Lick my beard, I'm sick of it | Kap link't', tép dil'g't', ir sépa [country] | Kap azlipé, ir makt' ton hole | Cow opt’ standing iF | Anas pas-éjéjo (paėjo), ana jam svys't' morsą blyno | Cat lady... — The porridge was eaten by the spiny papečėn | Kap trūkt', iF translated itq kėlimą | When the bear called, when the té turlum, when the squeal of ir the foot | t' [į earth] leg, hide' broom | "There's a leg to pull, a broom to squeeze" | One push, another push, the third push you sit — [numirélis]. The other parts of the system are connected to each other by means of cables, or by means of cables and cables. ir su jų be Then the outlier is like an illustration of the sounds, images and sensations caused by the action expressed by the verb, together with ar which it forms a phrase, e.g. : ir su The knife fell out | Capt. až Vuedegds got a | Aš tą mouthful of kdndu. | Boba's teeth t' broke out when | Aš tą he spilled water on the mud. iF | Makt' French ir died | The Pumpkin iF fell | Stak stood up. ir In order to make a stronger impression, the phrase is often repeated two, three, even four times (this use is perhaps less typical when the singular of one verb performs the be function of 120 a participle), e.g. : Meška dudufi, duduūi, duduii kuolū durysan durysun) (| | Kvakt', kvakt' jail apvaksėjo ite henta, eiktė (go) make eggs | Bend, bend his head and ir fall asleep | The cat aii foot sat, nuéko liūžt', ir liūžt' tail rejected ended if (expired) | All delniiosan plapt', plapt', plapt' started to splash (floor) | Cap, cap speeds up (grabbing), watching (see) is — | Black-tailed fox (Clogging) girl push, — push | Tap, tap goes bear shopping | The wolf thrust, thrust all the goats | Triu riu 'riūū, triū riū rifid eiktė (go) all | Kojom gaidėlis tun, tufi, tui bėldžia (stuck). In the same sentence, even several ir singulars of different structures fit beautifully harmoniously, for example, one circle [Gunpowder] screams d jo joi, other o — a ja Yeah, o another ry, ry, ry, fourth kuvik chirik. o — — The first du sounds are reminiscent of emoticons, but here we are talking about the creaking of poorly greased wheels. Exceptions sometimes perform the function of a noun, e.g., Diiok gi, tetūle, būrbt (Say the guys who came on Pentecost. They need to give a piece of butter ar ko to each other that throwing į jų the pitcher with milk, a su burb sound would be heard). Write with iš prefixes of instant verbs derived from adjectives su -telt, -tert, denoting a short, intense action a short-term ar momentary state?, e.g.: būmtelti būmt) (: — Needed a live (fast) burst itdm barondičiu (| barondičiuo) būmtel't' | suūptelti (: suūpt) — The girl sits on the hill with a red hat, si whoever goes, the little tick tick tick tick) | (: — Tėvu (| tévuo) dilgtelė“ galvon nueit [at the children] | dridksterti (: dridkst) — Kaftais mūžo iš debesiūko, kad dridksteri(a), kad terika [lietus | dūrstelti dūrst) (: — Kap dūrstersiu, tai pėrdursiu | dūstelti (: dist) — The bird is ducking (Gasps) sd (your) — ronds are not | mostelti (: mést) — "There's Nothing Left to iF Lose" | "There's | Nothing (: Left to — Ir Lose" "There's Nothing Left to Lose" (feat. [lightning strikes], it's nothing, just three hearts (people) a little bit stirred | Plidukšteri (claps) only rafikom iš joy | taptelti | stūkterti (: stūkt) — He took the ir dil'ges — iš stūktelė twelve lancūvų atdaužė | Reikia tą ugnelę stūktelti ražončiuum (rožančiumi) af pėržegnotie | Ir stirrup po with two long su stirrups (with pins) | syringe| syringe (: syringe) — Syringe (whistleiF d) flew to the ją horse | Ana iF Švirkšteri, iF Raikom Plidukšteri | Sometimes, some of the outliers form one component of a figurative constant phrase. Jo The accent is usually placed when the adjacent phraseological Word is a noun, e.g. : * Tą outlandish feature already noticed A. Leskynas, see for more details. jo Article: Sound imitations and Sonorant verbs im In // Indo-European languages Research. 1902. Bd. 13. S. 165—212. 121 Lithuanian dingt galvén "to remember- ": Man dingt' galvén —milk left laukūosa (cf. Galvén dingtelė" —I know two more hymns) | dūrst raikq "to work for a while": Anas tik dūrs't' raikq and again' dairos gėrtie (cf. Vyras čia raūiką dūrsteri, ti dūrsteri, kokis ti jo darbas —rinkdosi rinkdosi) kyšt koją "to go, to step": Aš viduii koją kyš't' —ūnas živa (fastly) laukai (cf. Galvén dingtelė" —I know two more hymns) Only kėją kyš't' iF [at the | child] —angry [marti] | švikšt skaron "to strike, to strike": Moma jim skiréon švišk't' (cf. ONOMATOPOEIC INTERJECTIONS OF THE GERVĖČIAI DIALECT Summary The most characteristic peculiarities of onomatopoeic interjections of the Gervėčiai dialect: origin, word endings, structure and usage peculiarities are described in the paper. Some more characteristic onomatopoeic interjections are used only in this dialect, e.g.: skikt, svirpt, šebulaikšt, virpt.