Apso lietuvių šnektõs daiktavardžių kaityba

LITHUANIAN LINGUISTICAL QUESTIONS, XXVIII (1989) LANGUAGE RELATIONS AND INTERACTIONS KAZYS MORKŪNAS LITHUANIAN SNEKTA IN THE APSO REGION* The Lithuanian dialect of the Apso district of the Wrocław region of the BSSR, which is in the vicinity of the Slavic — Belarusian, Polish, Russian — languages (dialects), interests scholars in various respects: the relationship of that dialect with other dialects of the Lithuanian language, the survival of older relics important for the history of the language in it, the results of constant contacts with surrounding languages, the further development and fate of the schnekta, etc. For this reason, Lithuanian linguists, in cooperation with Belarusian philologists, have organized several scientific expeditions and trips to Wrocław and neighboring regions in recent decades. Perhaps the best results were achieved by the complex expedition of the Lithuanian Language and Literature Institute of the MA of the Lithuanian SSR, which worked in this district in June 1956. Its participants recorded the necessary local Lithuanian slang data for the “Atlas of Lithuanian Language” from Bužioniai, Jūodelėnai, Petkūniškės, Ražavės, Ūsioniū (researched by Jadvyga Lonskaité! and Aloyzas Vidugiris), Dvarčiniai, Ignotiškės, Misi, Šalakandžiai (Juozas Senkus and Kazys Morkūnas), Damėšiai, Rimašėnai (Elena Grinaveckienė) and other villages, a considerable number of place names were collected, most of which are of Lithuanian (Baltic) origin. Valuable ethnographic material (Angelė Vyšniauskaitė), folklore, song melodies (Bronius Uginčius) of these places were also recorded. Many of the respondents of older age (70-90 years) who speak Lithuanian more or less well (based on their own and their parents’ and grandparents’ memories) recounted various political, economic and social events and administrative changes they experienced over several generations — from the end of the 19th century to the mid-1950s — which in one way or another also determined the linguistic situation and its development in that region. By the way, the use of local Lithuanian schnekta has weakened over the years, and the number of people who speak it has decreased. Although the participants of the expedition clarified that at that time people who knew or understood Lithuanian were still found in more than fifty villages of the Wrocław district, this language was rarely used actively anywhere. Therefore, it is important that as much as possible of the data of this endangered Lithuanian schnekta be known to linguistics. Some information about the situation of the Lithuanian schnekta in Apso and the surrounding areas, the language facts recorded during the mentioned expedition and other trips have already been published in various publications (Grinaveckienė 1960; Lie- * The article is dedicated to the memory of the Lithuanian linguist, one of the Apso schnekta researchers Juozas Senkau (1907 07 18—1970 10 29). 1 J. Lonskaitė (during the expedition —student of the Vilnius State Pedagogical Institute) iš Wrocław raj. Ražavos k. 91 tuvių kalbos tarmės 1970; Jonaitytė, Sudnik 1973; Lietuvos kalbos atlasas 1977, The 1982, 1990). author of this article, describing the spelling of the noun Apso šnektas, mainly relied on his own and J. Senkaus data recorded in 1956 in Dvardiniy, Ignėtiškiai, Misi, SalakafidZiy and other neighboring villages. The singular and plural nouns have the following syllables: noun, adjective, noun, adjective, indefinite noun, internal present tense, or inessive tense, internal present tense, or iliative (il.), shouter ir (shr.). The internal interjection is very common in Apso, as in a large area of other eastern Lithuanian dialects. Localities of the past present (adjective) and past present (aliative), the relics of which have been preserved by other Lithuanian schnets of the eastern and southeastern outskirts (Gervėčiai, Lazūnai, Zietela), have not been recorded in the Apso area. There are only a handful of skeletons, and not all of them are complete. The plural vowel coincides with dgs. the denominator. Sometimes the singular forms of the noun are also said with the meaning of a fighter, e.g.: ku'mi.t'i.s m'eilū.t'i.s n'e"š' (=bring) man'i; trieb'i'k trūb'i"k (sl. "blow, blow the trumpet"), mana t'ev'e-l'i.s. Some of the endings of the verbs differ from the corresponding endings of the Lithuanian literary language phonetically, are more or less changed morphologically (variably abbreviated). ar Phonetically mainly different from literary language unpronounced endings with vowels ė, o, be to, pronounced ir unpronounced ends of su vowels ė, e po regularly (!) and sporadically (r, s, sometimir es other) hardened consonants. The ė vowel is ne always pronounced ir ne all representatives equally: in the pronounced endings sometimes almost like literary language ė (after some consonants even 'e, ie), sometimes less tense, narrow už jį (in dialectological works notation ¢) ar almost like a voice e; po hardened consonants — į middle row diverted ė ar e (someti- «€ ar 32), mes referred to as a. Unpronounced limbs are ė usually pronounced as less e, frequently — e (e); hardened po consonants — a, uncommon > (£). The accentuated vowel of the o extremity is sometimes pronounced almost like literary language, sometimes with a su smaller ar larger vowel tone a (noted d), 92, not pronounced — as ag, sometimes with a su o nuance? (d). In order to simplify the transcription, the accented vowels mentioned in this article are marked ė (after hardened consonants — ¢), o, not to pronounce — e (after hardened consonants — a), a. Nekir€iuoty The number of long vowels in various positions of the word is also always pronounced by different ne representatives of the — schnekta, often ir to of the same speaker, those vowels are sometimes pronounced longer, t. y. long, sometimes shorter, as semi-long. In the article these vowels are marked as long (e.g., a'~o, e*mė, i*~y,i, mūs y), long ur accented short 0 vowels as semilong — (e.g., i.~i, d. m ) 2 For Lithuaniir an speakers of Apso neighbourhoods ė, o in certain positions of the word pronunciation jvairavimo plg. Atlas of the Lithuanian language. 1982. P. 44—58 (ground. No. 27—40). * The above mentioned vowels have mostly been marked J. The authors ir of this article, while 1956 m. recording the snets data of Dvarčiniai, Misū, Salakafidziy neighboring ir villages. 92 The conjugation system of the Schneckian nouns contains certain relics of older conjugation, i.e. endings that are no longer used in the current Lithuanian literary language (see conjugation of nouns with consonant stems). There is a fairly strong tendency of mixing individual strains (transition from one diphthongation paradigm to another). The endings of the vowels of all stems are given below and their dialect pronunciation (t.) is indicated if it differs from the literary language. In addition, examples of all the vocals are given in phonetic transcription (not always all the vocal forms of the same word are recorded, so different words of the same root are given with the individual vocals). d stem Singular: vard. -as (It.ngas + langas, m'i.škas, n'ū'ksmas "language, $neka’), origin. -o, t. -a* (grandchild), naud. -u (at the end), maybe. -ą, t. -u* (da„rbu“, lū.ngu), in. -u (children, li.ngu), loc. -e, i.e. -i, after a hardened consonant /—-w (lauki, §6'n'i, galėji), il. -an (m'iškan, šd'nan), shout. -e (par'š'e, kid'e). Plural: vard. -ai (s'n'iegai, v'i'rai), origin. -ų (vaikii, v'i''ru’), naud. -am (vaika'm, vaik'el čnam ‘to children’), gal. -us (ratūs, va-karus), in. -ais (m'iškis, ra-tais), place -uos(e) -uosa, il. - Spring. Notes: 1. Greta vns. local forms of gals: there is also a conjugated form galeii, e.g. įir us'v'i‘da (= saw) galui d'ifva’s very d'i.d'el'i" man. 2. Vns. The adjective may also have a particulate -ai, for example t'é vai. Some nouns Ziy vns. The sounding is heard only with the Sia particle, e.g. kūmai, p'é trai “Petrai’. There are also abbreviated forms of polysyllabic nouns, e.g. bra'l'ū.k, d'iedi.k near kaim'in'e. 3. Dgs. locally written mostly abbreviated form with -wos (rare with -uos'), e.g., daržuos (adjective uncertain- ), k'etur'az'- d'eš'imtuos m'ė*tuos, m'iskuds, manuds namuos ‘at my house’, §'aududs. Fewer cases have been recorded of the use of longer forms of this vowel with -uose or -wosa, e.g. m iškuos'ė || m'išk'e, muštū.vuos'e, kumpudsa "kampuose". In addition, see the forms derived from other parts of the language: d'v'iejes'e "with two", k'etur'uosa || k'etur'uos "with four". 4. Dgs. The most commonly used forms of the iliative are those with -uosna, e.g., m iškūosna, namuosna, ra-tuosna, š 'audūosna, šd'nuosna, vain' ūrnuosna 'in Vainiūnus', zarasiūosna 'in Zarasus'. It is rarely said with -uosnan or in abbreviated form with -wos, e.g. m'iškūosnan, p'el'ekūos (|| p'el'ekūosna) 'in Peleka'. (i) its stem Singular: vard. -ias (k'el'as, s'v'é'c'as- ~siécias), -is, i.e. -i.s* (b'r'ied'i.s, brél'i.s, k'iš v'i.s, mo'l'i.s, pun't'i.s~ pdntis), -ys (arkl' is, gaid'i“s, šul'n'i*s *šulinys'), kilm. 1999) 2000 – "I'll Be There" 2001 – "I'll Be There" 2002 – "I'll Be There" 2003 – "I'll Be There" 2004 – "I'll Be There" 2005 – "I'll Be There" 2006 – "I'll Be There" 2007 – "I'll Be There" 2008 – "I'll Be There" 2009 – "I'll Be There" 2010 – "I'll Be There" 2011 – "I'll Be There" 2012 – "I'll Be There" 2013 – "I'll Be There" 2014 – "I'll Be There" 2015 – "I'll Be There" 2016 – "I'll Be There" 2017 – "I'll Be There" 2018 – "I'll Be There" 2019 – "I'll Be There" The /elongation of the -is vowel of the noun ending is not always as pronounced as in other north-eastern Lithuanian dialects — sometimes it is even extended to the long i (=i'—y), sometimes it is pronounced almost short. 93 caud. -iui (k'ė:l'ui, pū.n'c'ui, gaidz'ui, su prepositionally said ir p'r'ie mali 'prie molio', p'r'ie s'm'&1'i "to the sand"), maybe. -ig, t.-'w (k'el'w), =i, -i* t. (callsign “gaid’i*”), and -iu (k'el' ū, k'ir'v'a, mel'u, gaidz' ū), viet. -y (k'el' i, mél'i*, šul'n' I"), il. -ian (e.g. ‘kelionén’), -in (paus'ifi, šul'n'in), shout. -i (brél'i, bracluz'el'i ‘broluzéli’, gaid'el'i), -y (t'in'g'in'i"). Plural: vard. -ies (k'el'ai, pi.n'c'ai, gaidz' ai), kilm. -iy (k'el' ir 26°dz"w, ma'k'es'c'#), naud. -iam (s'v'ec'a'm, brol'am, pū.n'c'am, gaidz'd'm), gal. -ius (s'v'ec'ūs, b'r'iedz us, gaidz' us, drkl'us), in. -iais (k'el'ais, #6°dz ais, gaidz' ais), viet. -iuos(e) (Rug'uds'e, Kaipi'dz'uos 'SalakandZiuose'), il. -iuosna(n) (s'v'ec'uosna, ki.p'is'k'uosna ‘i "A-buol' tiosna obuolitiosna, ~ puod'el tiosnan puodelius'". "į South of the ir village is the NP. notes to the d trunk. a. ja stems The verbal endings of the nouns of these stems are the same, only in aū-stame words they are hard consonants, in ja-stame words they are softened consonants. Singular: vard. po o — po -a (I'nta ~ board, benefits "grūdai", drink; p'ir'k'a, val'dz'a~ valdzia, kd'ja), origin. -os, -0*s, t. -a's (galvo's, dio's; p'ir'k'é's, ko:ja's), naud. -ai (ruik) =traffic, val'dz'ai), maybe. -ą, -u' t. (gdrlvu', val'dz'w), in. -a, t. -u (lazdū, dūonu; val'dz'ū, koju), loc. -oj, -0'j, t. -arj (Vinto:j, ruūka'j; p'ir'k' 6rj, sdruja'j)), il. -on, -6'n, t. -a'n (head, ka'ktan; p'ir'k'6'n, sd-ujan), shout. -a (as of ) ‘gyvuly’). Plural: vard. -os, -a's t. (yens, val 'dz'ars), kilm. -y, -u* t. (aV'iZir, malku: val'dz' ir, kéju), naud. -om, -6'm, t. -a'm (d'iéné'm, ruiika'm; val'dz' 6"m, sd'uja'm), gal. -as (tru'šas = trąšas, @v'ias; val'dz as, ké'jas), in. -om, -6'm, t. -a'm (barzdé-m, mas’ i.na'm; val'dz' 6'm, kéja'm), viet. -os(e), t. -o's'e, -a's'e, -o0's, -a's (av'ižo's'ė, ruiika's'e, sūūmana's'e next to av'iZés, ruika's; p'ir'k'o's'ė, sdruja's'e next to p'ir'k' 6's, sdruja's), il. -osna, t. -6'sna, -a'sna (av'iZ6'sna, jiena sna~ ienosna; p'ir'k' 6'sna || p'i¥'k'a'sna). One example of the latter syllable is recorded with -osan (daubé san). On dgs. local and iliative also see notes to 6 trunk. ė stem For the pronunciation and transcription of the terminal vowels e, ė after hardened consonants see plg. p.’ 92. Singular: vard. - Uh-huh. -ė*, &, -e*, -a* (buož'ė“, skrud'elė: "skruzdėlė", vi.p' e" ~ ūpė, skarėū'la“, pumpū.ra", pū.sa"), kilm. -ės, t.e. -ė*s, -&s, -e's, -a's (kat'ė*s, skrud'elė*s, ž'e*m' es, skarū'la's), used. -ei, t. -ei, -ai (vū.p'ei, 26"lai), gal. -į, t. -i*, =o" (karr'v'i“, kum'é:ler, pil.ser), in. 1998. pp. 10. "-i, -bi, -i, -ox (dal'g'i, ras'elėi, pusėi, ka'r'v'i, žd*'lbr ~ žolė)". -ėj, t. -ė'j, -ė'j, -e'j, -a'j (draug'ė'j, ža'lė'j, porgl'i'n' ej 'paeglynéje', skarūi'laij, pakalna'j, k'epū.ra'j), il. -ėn, t. -&n, -ė'n, -e'n, -a'n (paup'é&n, s'k'i"lėn, ž'e*m' en, saula'n, k'epū.ran || k'epii'r'e'n), shouksm. -e, t. -e, -a (ka't'e, kumi.t'e, k'aiila, s'esut'ė"la "sister"). The vocal of multisyllabic nouns is said without ending, e.g. bū'but (= bobute, hybrid). 94 Plural: vard. -ės, i.e. -es, -a's (kd'r'v'e's, ra'gut'e's ‘rogés’, k'aūla's), origin. -ių, t. =", "wu (raguc' ūr, la“p' u*), naud. -ém, t. -é'm, ém, -e'm, -a*m (buoZ'ém, varl ém, karr'v' erm, av'é&lam), gal. -es, t. -ės, -as, -es, -as (ž em ės, av'elas, ka'r'v'es, skri.d'elas), in. -ė'm, -&'m, -e'm, -a'm (kat'é'm, stabulė'- m'stebulémis', v'iF'v'e'm, ak'ė"la'm), loc. -és(e), i.e. -ė's'ė, -e's'é, -e’s’e, -a's’e, -&'s, -&'s, -e's, -a's (draug'é'- s’é, stabule's- 'é, kuok'i.n'e'- s'e, skara'las- ’e, duob'és, s'k'i’lé's, ra-gut’es- ), recorded once with -ésa (ra'gut’e'- sa), il. -ésna, t. & sna, sna, -e'sna, -a'sna (duob’é'sna, stabul é sna, kuok'i.n'e'- sna, skarala sna). The individual verbal endings of the masculine i-kamieniy nouns are often replaced by (in)d-kamieni, and the feminine i-kamieniy nouns by (in)ūar é-kamieni. The singular and plural nouns are sometimes said with the ending of the consonant roots (see "Consonant roots"). Singular: vard. -is, of the masculine gender and -ys from the iid stem (duni't'is ~ dantis || dun't'is, d'eb'es'is || d'eb'es'i"- s, vog'is; ak'is, aus'is, vū.n't'is ~ duck || vū.n t'e“, Zus'ls || žiūs is-e goose, žuv'is); kilm. with the older i stem ending -ies is recorded only in feminine nouns (vie.n't'ies, š'ir'd'iės, žuv'iės), and in masculine nouns with (i)d stem (dudita’, d'ė“b'es'- a', varg'a"); caud. has only newer endings: masculine words of -10 stem (dufni'c'ui || duficui, va'g'ui, Z'v'ér'ui), feminine words of -ia, sometimes -ė stem (aūsai ~ ailsei, p'ir c'ai, vūgn'aimūgniai, žits'ai = geese || žiūsai = geese); gal. -į (va-g'i, vūgn'ė'); in. -im (S'ir'd'im, vi't'im, žuv'im) next to the newer and, apparently, more common endings of feminine gender words -ia, i.e. -'u (š'ir'dz'ū || š i.r'dz'u, v'i"t' ū, aus" ū, nakc' ū, pus’ ū, vugn'u, né's'u, vū.n'c'u, ak' ū || ak'i, where -i ~-e from ė stem vns. inagininko), and of masculine gender words —-iu (vag'ū); viet. -y (p'ir't'i, Sir'd'ir, kriūtsi'n'- is ‘krasnyje’, nd's'iv), sometimes -yj, i.e. «ii, -i*i (aki ri, $'ir'd'i*i, though iri); it. -in (p'ir't'in, krirs'n'in, né's'in); tablespoons no forms were reported. Plural: vard. -ys, i.e. -i*s (dun't'i"s, aiis'i's, di.r'i's, n'it'i"s, sma'g'en'i- 's ‘brain’, Sa-kn'i's, vi.gn'i's, vie.n't'i's || vū.n't e's~dntés, žū.v'i"s), male gender Words and with the newer ending -iai (vag'ai); kilm. -iy, of some words with -ów, i.e. with a hard pre-terminal consonant according to the dgs of consonant roots. noble forms (dun'c'ū || duntiic, vag'ir, p'ir'c'ūr, kdr'c'w, aus'ū || ausiv, žuv'ūt || žuvir, but only di.ru“, šakniūi, žursū“); caud. -im (dun't'i.m, d'eb'es'i.- m, vag'i.m || vag'd'm, krut'i.m, dū.r'im, vi.n't'im); gal. -is (dun't'is, vag'is, ak'is, dur'is, žuv'is, kdr't'is and Zu'sas~ Zqsés with -es from ė stem); in. -im (dun't'im, d'eb'es'im, ak'im, aš'im, aus'im, žuv'im, b'i.t'im, di.r'im, né's'im), masculine gender and with -(i)s from (in)d stem (dun'c'ais || duntais, d'eb'es'is); viet. -ysu, -yse, -ysa (aš'm'en'i- "sū, p'ir't'i's’e, ws'on'i's'é "Ūsionyse', ak'i"sa, aus'i"sa, di.r'isa); it. -ysna (ak'i"sna, dur'i"sna; with this ending is also written the noun people dgs. iliative žmarn' i“sna). 95 (j)u stem More consistent su x ir ju the singular forms of the stem endings. Plural verbs are more affected by the influence of stems. There are few examples of d ir įd individual singular plural verbs (almost all of them are ir given). Singular: vard. ir -us, -ius (beers, cloudy ~ skies, rain, m'eduos, su*nūs || sinus, v'iduos, v'iršūs, market, Smo gus; jarujus "jauja', p'ė:č' us, s'p'ičc'us || §'p'ie¢ us *spiečius', val's'c'us = valsčius, ž'v' i"r'us); kilm. -aus, -iaus (alails, dungaiis, |'ietaūs, turgaus || turgaūs, žmargaiūs; p'é aus, dz’ aus), rarer sé forms su d the stem end (m'ė*da, “sirr”); caud. -ui, -iui (sirnui, Zmo-gui; p'ė“č' ui); gal. -ų, -ių (sim, žmo:gur; shoulder- ); in. -um (sunum || sūnum, viršum, Zmé gum) ir -iu iš jo stem (val's'c'ū); viet. -uj, -iuj (v'idūj and v'idui, v'iršūj; jarujuj, sé°dz'uj); it. -un, -iun (v'idufi, viršun, turgun; p'ė“č un); tablespoons "Žma'gaii || žmo'gau". Plural: vard. -ūs (p'iétu's), more common forms with a (in)6ė stem ending (p'ietai, su'nai, turgai; s'p'iec’ai || §'p'ie¢ ai, val's'c'ai); kilm. -ų, -ių (p'ietir, swnii; s'p'iec’w, val's'c'w'), naud. fixed forms only with (7)d stem end (p'ietd'm, suwnd'm; s'p'iec'am); gal. -us, -ius (p'ietūs || p'iėtus, sinus; s'p'iec'ūs); in. -um (su'num) next to forms with (i)d stem ending (p'ietais, sunais; s'p'ičc'ais); local and iliative forms are not written. The nouns of the subordinate roots still retain the older endings of the individual verbs. Especially common vns. nobleman and dgs. noun forms with the relic of consonant stems —in the ending -es (after r, s sometimes pronounced -as). In addition to the older forms, new ones are often used, with the endings of other stems. Some verbs are already fully adapted to other stems: masculine nouns usually have (in)d or i, feminine nouns — usually i, sometimes ja, ė stem endings. The following are words that have more or less preserved residues of consonant root conjugation and whose conjugation paradigms (or recorded forms of individual vowels) show more typical cases of root conjugation. In addition to the nouns that belonged to the old consonant roots, words of other roots are given, whose individual consonants have received new consonant endings. With the new consonant conjugation endings, i is mainly found in root words. Singular: vard. akmué (rt. akm'en'i“- s), p'iemué, ruduo, šuo | dž. 1996. (in Russian) "В. И. Ленин: жизнь, труд, смерть". (in Russian) "В. И. Ленин: жизнь, труд, смерть". shoes; kilm. rud'en'ės (|| rū.d'en'es- ), dukt'eras (|| dū.kt'eras), sasar'ės || sasaras and newer forms: a*km'en'a', p'iem'en'a', Si.n'a’, v'ū.n'd'en'- a', ū.n'd'en'a' (|| van'defis), t'e7š'm'en' aus; with the ending of the consonant roots -es still written i-stamed nouns dun't'ės || duii't’es (b'e v'iena" duii't'es), šakn'ės, š'ir'd'ės; caud. p'iem'en'ui, rū.d'en'ui (with the prefix —lig riū.d'en'ei), šiū.n'ui, viū.n'd'en'- ui, dū.kt'erai = dūkterei || di.kt'er' ai ~ dūkteriai, sū'sarai || sū'sar'ai; gal. črkm'en'i", rū.d'en'i", šū.n'i, vū.n'd'en'i:, dū.kt'er'i, sa-sar'i; in. 96 akm'en'u, p'iem'en'u, šun'ū, vū.n'd'en'u, dū.kt'er'u--- dūkteria; viet. "Von'd'en'i" || vun'd'en'irį, il. m'énas'in'ménesin', vun'd'en'iū; tablespoons no forms were reported. Plural: vard. akm'en'es, arš'm'en'es, p'iem'en'es, šū.n'es, dū.kt'er'es || dū.kt'eras, sū'sar'es || sa'saras ir newer forms: akm'en'i's, akm'enai, ū'š'm'en'i's, m'enai, aš p'iem'enai, t'eš'm'enai, dū.kt'er'i's; at the end su of consonant stems -es is also written: dufi t'es, aūs'es, di.ras, pū.š'es, žū's'es žū'sas, #i.v'es: || kilm. akm'enit, vun'd'enūr, dukt'erii-; caud. rud'en'i.m, šun'i.m, dukt'er'i.m || dukt'er'ė'- m, sasar'i.m; gal. P'iem'en'is, di.kt'eras~ dūkteres (-es iš é trunk); in. akm'en'im, dukt'er'im, sasar'im next to the masculine forms akm'enis, p'iem'enis; viet. ir it. forms not recorded (plg. i, d ir other strains of these lingers forms). Be nouns singular plural infinitive, sometimes ir also used binary noun-final. There are ar few sentence su phrases in the plural nominative-adjective forms ir ne su nouns of all stems: jd'i daiktu dar'e; She'll be ready du soon. m'ētru* š'imtū; pa: hedgehog; "K'un-lun" (in Korean). du du du ti du ‘two bridegrodu oms able to marry') tur’ it; per ruble du i. Much more often ir su Numeric du (two), both (abi) as well as variants ju of the plural ending of the nominative, ar e.g., mana: sinus jir dukt'é jira; di.jena du (~diano) su‘nai bū.var; §'it'ie di vaik'el é*nai g'erai n'iik'a (speaks) I'ieti.v'iskai; až aZ'er'el'a: du v'eFstai will (for the gates of du Zerel shall be): ten du gates; š'imtūs du gavaii; anas v'erktii-b'e (jis verkty) d'v'i diénas; di.kt'eras (~dicteres ‘dukterys’) d'v'i I'i.ka*; ab'i saras sa (~séseres ‘sisters- ’) g'iv'éna. * *x % The conjugation of the noun of the apso iš sniket is essentially little different from Dūkšto, Tverėčiaus ir other adjacent Lithuanian dialects of the surrounding areas (Lithuanian language atlas 1990). This shows (like ir certain phonetics, other grammatical phenomena- ), that The Apso dialect is a continuation of the abovementioned Lithuanian dialects. Some noun roots in the conjugation paradigms for more parallel forms (plg. still such, admittedly, rarely spoken forms of senior representatives, as Zu'sai ‘Zasys’) may have been be influenced by other reasons, such as the weakening of ir Lithuanian language skills. LITTERATUR Grinaveckienė E. Some More characteristic features of the Apso dialect // Lietuvos TSR Scientific The Academy. A series. 1960. T. 2 (9). P. 173—191. Jonaitytė A., a judge T. About one case of interference between — Lithuanian and Polish languages // Baltistica. 1973, T. 9(1). P. 75—77. Atlas of the Lithuanian language T. 1: Lexicon. V., 1977; T. 2: Phonetics. V., 1982: T. 3: Morphology. V., 1990. Lithuanian Dialects. Chrestomatija. V., 1970. P. 392—394, 7. 678 97 OJIEKCHS HMEH CYHNIECTBUTEJIBHBIX B JIATOBCKOM I'OBOPE OKPECTHOCTEM OIICbI Pe3iome Ha OCHOBe JMAJIEKTOJIOTHUECKHX NAHHBIX, COOpaHHbIX BO BpeMs KOMIUIEKCHOH 3STUDENTS LM M coTpy; HHKOB HHcTHTYTA JIHTOBCKOTO S3bIKA H JIHTepaTypbI AH JIntCCP B BpacjiaBckoM p-He (BCCP) B 1956 r., ONKCHIBAETCS CHCTEMA CKJIOHeHHSA HMEH TARGETS JIMTOBCKOTO roBopa okpecTHOCcTed Oncbi (JiHT. Aps). Haubonee xapakTepHbIMH OocoGeHHOCTAMH CK/IOHEHHSA HMEH CYIIECTBHTE/IBHBIX YES TOBOpa SBJISIOTCA CJICAYIOUIHE: 1. Harnnune HEKOTOpHIX apxaH4ecKHX (opm, Hemp. POIMTEIbHBIH MaAekK CAMHCTBEYHOrO UKCJIA H HMEHHTEJILHBIŪ May MHOXECTBEHHOTO YHC/Ia C OKOHYAHMEM -€5 WMEH CYLICCTBHTCIbHBIX ¢ OCHOBOH Ha cOrnacHsii (cp. pos. I. eg. 4. rud’en’és ‘ocenn’, sasar'ės || sassard ‘cecTpsl’, HM. II. 1998-1999 MH. 4. @'km'en’es ‘xaMun’, sa'sar’es || sū"saras ‘cecTpsbl’); MPELIOKHBIH (mecTHBINH) manex (MHECCHB) MHOx€ecTBeHHOro 4KCJIa ¢ popMaHTOM -su (Npanjia, 3adOHKCHpOBAHHbIH TOJIbKO B MMeEHaX TARGET € OCHOBOM Ha -i: aš m'en'i'sū "B ne3pusx’ Hapsay € OoJIee €acTo YrIiOTpe6nseMbiME dopMaMa p'ir't'i's'é "B Gansx', ak'i'sa "B raasax', a TaKXe COKpalLICHHbIMH dbopmamu m'iskuds necax’, "B ruiika's~raikos pykax') "B u Ap. 2. B mapagurMax HMeH OBJECTIVES C OCHOBAMH Ha i, =(i)u ¥ Ha COTJIACHBIH 4acTO yNnoTDEOIISIOTCA MapasuieTbHble (DOpMEBI, T. €. Hapsdy ¢ Gosee APEP dopMaMH — H pa3jIH4KLIC HOBbIE, BO3HHKINIHE IIOjį BIMAHHEM JIDYTHX Napagurm. 3. Kpome dOopM ejiuHcTBEHHOTO H MHOKECTBEHHOrO YHC/a, H3peak YnOTpeOIISIOTCA OOpMEI NmoicrBeHHOro UHcJIa (Hauls) Beero GOPMBI HMEHHTENBHOTO H BHHHTeJIbHOTO MajjexeH C 4KHCJIKTenbHBIM du ‘asa’, manp., bi.va'm du karti 'Geinmm miBa pasa'). B CYIIHOCTH CHCTEMA CKJIOHEHHA HMEH CiIIECTBHTE/IbHBIX JAHHOIO roBOpa May OT/IHM4AeTCA OT CKJIOHEHHA, COCEJIHHX JIATOBCKHX roBopoB Ha TeppHTOpHH JInTCCP, T. e. rOBOPOB OKpecTHOCTeit Įlykmraca (Dikstas), TBepauroca (Sighs) m Ap.