D. Poškos žodyno genezė ir likimas

LITHUANIAN LEXICON AND TERMINOLOGY PROBLEMS LITHUANIAN LANGUAGE QUESTIONS, XXIX (1991) KAZIMIERAS PAKALKA D. GENESIS AND FUTURE OF THE POETRY VOCABULARY Dionysus Poška (approx. 1757—1830 m.) was only a ne famous poet, but a good dictionary, ir ethnographer. He understood the need for a new Lithuanian dictionary and wrote about it on several occasions. In 1821, he invited Vilnius University to take care of the history of Lithuania, the grammar of the Lithuanian language dictionary (Poška, ir 1959, 271). Poška believed that it was impossible to write good grammar until we had an accurate dictionary. Vocabulary as the foundation of language (Poška, 1959, 489). Poška was looking for someone who could write such a dictionary. After his retirement, he worked as a dictionary editor. His lexicographical work was supported by other Lithuanian writers. The Polish-Latin-Lithuanian dictionary, as indicated on the title page, he began writing on March 1825. 8 The author himself called the dictionary „Stownik języka Litewskiego, Polskiego i Lacinskiego". Iš actual dictionary is Polish — Lithuani- — an Latin languages. 1825 year M. Brinkstein (1874— 1938) time date when Poška started writing the dictionary į ‘scratch’ (Brenstein, 1934, 20—21). To this conclusion Brenstein probably came based on L. Jucevičius (1813—1846), well known D. Posh, with the statemen- „O t: all his working hours of life he devoted to writing Dictionary of Lithuanian Language" (Jucewicz, 1837, 23). Jucevičius' statement was ir confirmed by himself Poška In the “Dictionary Material” (Notes). He wrote: "When I tą was doing the dictionary, I had a lot of work — I wrote my own handwriting rewriting" ir (Poška, 1959, 199). V. Maciūnas believes that Poška carried out the preparatory work of the dictionary already before 1825 m. „[1825] probably just started rewriting the iš material of the dictionary already collected, because it would be hard to believe that an old man in five years to death would have been able to write such a large (more than psl. 2000 manuscript) dictionary” (Maciūnas, 1981, 31). Poška's goal was to include as many words as possible in the dictionary. Dictionary Poška comparsu ed it to a forest: as in a large forest you have to find all kinds of trees, so in the — dictionary every word you want. On the second side of the title page of the dictionary, he presented the following Ta four-line poem: praises the true name of a good forest, That you find every tree that you ir need to look for: Yes, our ir dictionary, I want it to be, To find a skinny word that anyone would look for (Poška, 1959, 87). 8. Issues of Lithuanian Linguistics 29 t. 113 For his dictionary register of Polish words he took iš S. B. Linde's hexatome The Polish Language (1807—1814). Familiar su In Linde's dictionary, Poška understood unparalleled Lindsay. Therefore, on the front page he wrote a kind of humble excuse: Linde wrote a great dictionary for Poles, Worthy of the honorable name of a good writer, But on the one now written one child ne will say: At, neither anyway, nor so painted žemaitis palaikis (Poška, 1959, 85). Message about the written Search the dictionary as noted Brenstein, rather spread among Posh Friends: Poet S. Valiūnas (1789—1831) created a literary letter (Valiūnas, 1957, 293—294). In that letter Valiūnas enthusiastically supported The idea of a Poshkos dictionary gave ir significant advice to the dictionary writer. Sound about Poškos vocabulary expanded Vilnius University. Professor at this university J. Loboika (1786—1861) about Search ir jo the dictionary informed N. Rumyantseva. Mat Loboika 1825 m. had gone to Žemaitija to see Poška's dictionary (Maciūnas, 1981, 32). Poška did not finish writing the dictionary. In five years wrote more than half, up to the Polish word ‘sowing’. Poška, not yet finished writing the dictionary, thought about printing. jo This is indicated by the note to the printer („Przestroga dla drukarni“) in the dictionary, where Poška advises to use such printing marks when printing that the iš reader would see the differences between the individual parts of the speech (Stownik..., I t., 163, 671). Poška, when he was seriously ill, took care of ir the fate of his manuscript dictionary. In his will, he left all Lithuanian manuscripts Kajetonui Nezabitauskiui (1800— 1876). In the last paragraph of the will written in Polish he wrote: “I want my Lithuanian manuscripts, as they will be found, to be handed over Mr. President. Kajetonui Nezabitauskiui, living Kingdoms of Poland For the good of Lithuanian language ir working in Warsaw” (Poška, 1959, 672—677). The brother of the deceased wife Ursula was appointed to execute the will Vincent Sosnovski, Lieutenant Colonel of the Russian Army (Brensztejn, 1934, 17). As seen in the me iš subsequent dictionary history, he The testament was not executed. Lucky fate has led to the fact that The manuscript of the ne Poshkos dictionary, once po declared missing, has reached our times through various wanderings. The manuscript of the dictionary passed through the hands of many people. Of course, exactly jo track the journey lacks data. About Poškos Lithuanian Dictionary was first published by Jucevičius 1837 m. in the booklet “Excerpts iš of new Polish poets: a ir few words about Lithuanian language literature” ir (Jucewicz, 1857, 23). This fact is repeated in the review of ir this book by an unknown author — "A new creation" (Magazyn Powszechny“, 1837, 229). Periodic publication ,,Magazyn Powszechny“ editorial staff on Poshkos dictionary manuscript added the following note: “We have learned from reliable sources that this manuscript, written in a will Kajet. Nezabitauskas, which should have been sent to him in the previous year, but 1830 unforeseen circumstances kept the manuscript šį In Kaunas, [Jurgevičius] 114 in the hands of a lawyer. It would be desirable for the manuscript to reach its destination, as this would fulfill the last will of the author, and Lithuanian-Zemaitian literature, of course, would only benefit.” (Jucevičius, 1959, 667). The author of the manuscript Lithuanian grammar, Juozas Čiulda (1796—1861- ), provided some information about the further history of the Poška dictionary. He wrote about the fate of the manuscript of Poška’s dictionary in his “Short outline of the rules of the Samogitian grammar”. “Some people want to consider the dictionary mentioned here to be merely imaginary, but that is wrong. I don’t know how the dictionary’s autograph got to Kaunas, where no one knew Žemaičių kalba. I had borrowed from him for a couple of days. The dictionary was two large volumes in 4" minori from letter A to P inclusive, in three languages; Lithuanian — Polish and Latin. I wanted to buy it, but the price is 18 rb. silver at the time was too high for me. After the unfortunate death of Jurgevičius, who, frankly speaking, died in extreme poverty and solitude, both all his belongings and this manuscript disappeared. And, it seems, he died forever” (Jurgutis, 1960, 25). Čiulda tried to evaluate Poška’s dictionary: “Although it was two volumes, the dictionary, in my opinion, covered perhaps only half of the words beginning with those letters. It is not the work of one person and it is not temporary (Jurgutis, 1960, 25). Čiulda was better acquainted with Poška's dictionary than others. "Short biography". In the sixth chapter “Apie Žemaičių eilėraščių rašymą” he relied on verse examples from Poška’s dictionary (Čiulda, 70—72). The claim that the Poška dictionary had two volumes is not in doubt. And two volumes of the dictionary have reached our time. The first volume covered: A—Ozigblo (1116 pp.), the second volume: Oziebtoshe—Sianie (969 pp.). Full manuscript 2040 pp. It is not known why Čiulda does not mention the part R—Sianie of Poška's dictionary. Perhaps Čiulda made a mistake when indicating the volume of the dictionary by letters, perhaps Jurgevičius did not borrow the entire manuscript of the dictionary to Čiulda. Poška himself divided the dictionary not by volumes and pages or leaves, but by sheets. The entire manuscript consists of 255 sheets. 4 sheets per sheet. The Polish linguist J. Karlovičius (1836–1903) was interested in Poška’s dictionary, as well as in Lithuanian studies in general. The study “Apie lietuvių kalbą” in the section “Lithuanian bibliography features” gave knowledge about Poška’s dictionary. Karlovich did not see the manuscript. He repeated the data of Jucevičius and Čiulda about the Poškas Dictionary. Karlovičius himself indicated that the Vilnius bookseller J. Zavadskis, who gave him the manuscript of Ciulda’s grammar, “Kraupi metmenys...”, prepared for printing, (Karlowicz, 1875, 226-227). Karlovičius, repeating Ciulda’s information, missed the fact that it was Ciulda himself who wanted to buy the Poška dictionary from Jurgevičius. As Čiulda himself wrote, he did not match Jurgevičius because of the price of the dictionary. In Karlovič- ’s opinion, information about the Poška dictionary’s trip to Kaunas was provided by an anonymous reviewer of Jucevičius’ booklet “Excerpts from the New Polish Poets...”. In fact, not the reviewer, but the editorial staff of “Magazyn Powszechny” itself announced that: Poshko's manuscript was found It's a shame. K. Jokantas, writing under a pseudonym, revealed the further fate of the Poška dictionary, (1880—1945), without citing sources. A. Miškonis (Miškonis, 1905). Qs 115 Poška's dictionary manuscript, Jokant's testimony, found A.. Juška was (1819—1880) thrown in some manor in Žemaitija with all sorts of su trash and snares. Apparently, Poška's dictionary was ir then with A. Youshka. Mirus A. Juškai, Poškos dictionasu ry in all other languages Juška's manuscripts left to his jo brother Jonui (1815— 1886). Mirus J. Juškai, Poška's dictionary jo passed on to his wife Felicia. Juškiene, living in Sleep. Poshkos biographer According to po Brenstein, Juška's jo dead wife Posh dictionary along with man's su manuscripts 1908m. donated Lithuanian Science Society in Vilnius (Brenstein, 1934, 27). Poshkos dictionary A—P letter additions The “Note”, according 1912 m. to Brenstein- ’s testimony, has transmitted to the Society Jablonskis (1860— 1930) (Brenstein, 1934, 28). — Library of the Lithuanian Scientific Society su Poškos dictionary manuscript inherited Lietuvos Scientific Academies Institute of ir Lithuanian Language and Literature. Now Poškos dictionary manuscript ir photocopies are preserved Library of the Institute ir of Lithuanian Language and Literature. LITTERACY Brenštejn M. Dionysus Paszkiewicz, Polish-Lithuanian writer nu Žmudžia first w voyage 19th century. Vilnius, 1934. Čiulda J. Short bridges on the o grammatical rules of the Žmudzki language (manuscript). Jucewicz L. Exceptions of z modern Polish poets translated into Lithuanian na language by adding a few z words to Lithuanian literature. o i Wilno, 1837. Jucevičius L. A. Raštai, V., 1959. Jurgutis V. Rasta Juozo Ciuldo 1854 Mety grammar // Library work. 1960. No. 1. Karlowicz J. O in Lithuanian // Discourse, 1875 (printed with a separate stamp). Maciūnas V. University of Vilnius ir Lithuanian XIX pr. a. movement // Institute of Lithuanian Studies 1979 m. the work of the congress. Chicago Illinois, 1981. Woodland A. [K. Jokantas]. Dionysus Poška // Vilnius News. 1905. No. 18. New Dzielo || Magazyn A common, diary of useful news. Year Four w Warsaw 1837. Poška D. Writings. V., 1959. Dictionary of Languages Lithuanian, Polish i Lacinskiego by Dionizego Paszkiewicza Zmuydzina (manuscript). Valiūnas S. Raszantem lietuviszka Zodini || History of Lithuanian Literature / Feudalism | Compiled by K. Korsakas, J. Lebedys. V., 1957. P. 293—295, K. ITAKAJTIKA TEHE3HC H CY/JbBA CJIOBAPS J. IIOJNIKM Pe3i0mMe JI. Ilonrxa (ox. 1757 — 1830) 6511 He TOJIbKO IIO3TOM, HO H nekcukorpadpom. OH xopomo oco3HAJI HY)XIY B HOBOM I'm a stupid guy. 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