Modelo de desarrollo de aplicaciones en tres capas. Corba y herramientas de desarrollo (LSI-2000-07)
Full text
0 2'(/2'('(6$552//2'($3/,&$&,21(6(175(6&$3$6 & 25%$< + (55$0,(17$6'('(6$52//2 -RDTXtQ3HxD)UDQFLVFR/HDO5DIDHO&RUFKXHOR\)UDQFLVFR)HUUHU ,QIRUPH7pFQLFR 'SWR/HQJXDMHV\6LVWHPDV,QIRUPiWLFRVGHOD8QLYHUVLGDGGH6HYLOOD $YGDGHOD5HLQD0HUFHGHVVQ6HYLOOD (PDLOMSHQD#OVLXVHV
, 1',&( 5(680(1 ,1752'8&&,Ï1 , 1752'8&&,Ï1$ &25%$ + ,6725,$'$/$6$548,7(&785$6'('(6$552//2'(62)7:$5( $SOLFDFLRQHVPRQROtWLFDV $UTXLWHFWXUDV&OLHQWH6HUYLGRU 02'(/2(175(6&$3$67,(5$5&+,7(&785( & $3$ & /,(17( & $3$ / Ï*,&$ & $3$ 6 (59,'25 ,17(5&21(;,21(175(&$3$6 ( 1/$&( $ *(17( 6 (59,'25 ( 1/$&( & /,(17( $ *(17( $/*81$6+(55$0,(17$648('$1623257($/02'(/2(1 75(6&$3$6 ' (/3+, 0 ,&5262)7 9 ,68$/ 6 78',2 2 5$&/( /28,6 9(17$-$6'(/$$548,7(&785$75(6&$3$6 ,1&219(1,(17(6'(/$$548,7(&785$75(6&$3$6 9(17$-$6'(/$87,/,=$&,Ï1'(&25%$(16,67(0$6'(75(6 &$3$6 &21&/86,21(6 $*5$'(&,0,(1726 5()(5(1&,$6%,%/,2*5È),&$6
7 $%/$'( , /8675$&,21(6 , /8675$&,Ï1 + (7(52*(1(,'$''( &25%$ , /8675$&,Ï1 $ 548,7(&785$ &25%$ , /8675$&,Ï1 $ 548,7(&785$ & /,(17( 6 (59,'25 , /8675$&,Ï1 0 2'(/2'('(6$552//2'($3/,&$&,21(6(175(6&$3$6 , /8675$&,Ï1 $ 3/,&$&,21(6(175(6&$3$6(1 06'6 , /8675$&,Ï1 $ 3/,&$&,21(6(175(6&$3$6(1 2 5$&/(
5 (680(1 +R\GtDFRQODSRSXODULGDGTXHHVWiDOFDQ]DQGR,QWHUQHWHVGLItFLOLPDJLQDUXQ RUGHQDGRUTXHQRHVWpFRQHFWDGRDOD5('RDXQDLQWUDQHW(OFRQWLQXRDYDQFHWHF QROyJLFR KDFH LPSUHVFLQGLEOH HO GHVDUUROOR GH QXHYDV DUTXLWHFWXUDV GH GHVDUUROOR GH VRIWZDUHTXHVHDGDSWHQDODVQXHYDVQHFHVLGDGHV(OPRGHORGHGHVDUUROORHQWUHVFDSDV VXUJHGHODQHFHVLGDGGHFUHDUXQVRIWZDUHPiVFRPSHWLWLYR\IOH[LEOH\HVFDODEOH(Q HVWHWUDEDMRH[SRQHPRVHQTXpFRQVLVWHQWHHVWDDUTXLWHFWXUDFXiOHVVRQVXVYHQWDMDVH LQFRQYHQLHQWHV \ KDFHPRV XQ UHSDVR D ODV SULQFLSDOHVKHUUDPLHQWDV FRPHUFLDOHV TXH VRSRUWDQHVWDIRUPDGHFRQVWUXLUDSOLFDFLRQHV7DPELpQVHPXHVWUDFRPRODXWLOL]DFLyQ GHOSRSXODUPLGGOHZDUH&25%$UHSRUWDJUDQFDQWLGDGGHYHQWDMDVDODKRUDGHGHVDUUR OODUDSOLFDFLRQHVFRQHVWDVQXHYDVLGHDV , 1752'8&&,Ï1 +DFHWLHPSRHODUWLVWDGHO VRIWZDUH HUDXQDILJXUDKDELWXDOHQHOPXQGRGHOD HPSUHVD6HVROtDKDFHUUHIHUHQFLDFRQHVWHWpUPLQRDSURJUDPDGRUHVH[SHUWRVHQUHVRO YHUSUREOHPDVFRPSOLFDGRVGHXQDIRUPDUiSLGDTXHDPHQXGRHUDpOHO~QLFRFDSD]GH HQWHQGHU/DLQJHQLHUtDGHO VRIWZDUH VLHPSUHKDLQWHQWDGROXFKDUFRQWUDHVWRVDUWLVWDV SURSRQLHQGRPpWRGRVDGHFXDGRVSDUDODFRQVWUXFFLyQGHEXHQDVDSOLFDFLRQHV HQWHQ GLpQGRODVQRVyORFRPRDSOLFDFLRQHVFRUUHFWDVUREXVWDVHILFLHQWHV\IiFLOHVGHPDQWH QHUVLQRWDPELpQFRPRDSOLFDFLRQHVTXHVHGHVDUUROODQGHQWURGHORVPiUJHQHVHVWDEOH FLGRVHQVXSUHVXSXHVWR\SHUPLWHQDODHPSUHVDTXHODVUHDOL]DREWHQHUEHQHILFLRV /DDUTXLWHFWXUDGHGHVDUUROORGHDSOLFDFLRQHVHQWUHVFDSDVVXUJLyKDFHWLHPSR FRPRXQDLGHDRULHQWDGDDREWHQHUPHMRUHVDSOLFDFLRQHVGRWiQGRODVGHXQDPD\RUPR GXODULGDG(VWHIDFWRUHYLGHQWHPHQWHHVXQRGHORVTXHPiVUHSHUFXWHHQODIDFLOLGDGGH UHXWLOL]DFLyQLQWHURSHUDWLYLGDG\SRUORWDQWRHQODIDFLOLGDGSDUDREWHQHUDSOLFDFLRQHV DGDSWDEOHVDODVQHFHVLGDGHV\DORVPHGLRVFRQORVTXHFXHQWDQFOLHQWHVPX\GLIHUHQWHV >%ODKD HWDO @1RREVWDQWHHOJUDQDXJHGHHVWDDUTXLWHFWXUDKDHPSH]DGRDUDt] GHODSRSXODUL]DFLyQGH,QWHUQHW\ODQHFHVLGDGTXHWLHQHQODVHPSUHVDVGHVDWLVIDFHUD VXVFOLHQWHVDWUDYpVGHXQPHGLRHQHOTXHHOQ~PHURGHWUDQVDFFLRQHVFRPHUFLDOHVVH PXOWLSOLFDFRQHOSDVRGHORVGtDV(QJHQHUDOVHREVHUYDTXHDOLJXDOTXHKDFHXQWLHP SRWRGDVODVHPSUHVDVTXHUtDQDxDGLUHOFDOLILFDWLYRRULHQWDGRDREMHWRVDVXVSURGXFWRV KR\FDVLWRGDVGHVHDQSRGHUGHVDUUROODUDSOLFDFLRQHVHQWUHVFDSDV (QHVWHWUDEDMRLQWURGXFLUHPRVODVFDUDFWHUtVWLFDVPiVQRYHGRVDVGHHVWDIRUPD GHFRQVWUXLUDSOLFDFLRQHVFXiOHVVRQODVYHQWDMDVTXHSRGHPRVREWHQHU\FXiOHVVRQORV LQFRQYHQLHQWHVFRQORVTXHSRGUHPRVHQFRQWUDU7DPELpQKDUHPRVXQUHSDVRGHDOJXQDV KHUUDPLHQWDVFRPHUFLDOHVTXHSHUPLWHQDSOLFDUHVWDVLGHDV\DSXQWDUHPRVRWUDVIRUPDV GHHQWHQGHUHVWHFRQFHSWRSURSXHVWDVSRURWURVDXWRUHV$GHPiVSUHVHQWDUHPRVODIRU PDHQODTXH&25%$VHUHODFLRQDFRQODDUTXLWHFWXUDHQWUHVFDSDV\ODVYHQWDMDVTXH SUHVHQWDVXXWLOL]DFLyQ
(QODLQWURGXFFLyQVHKDUiXQDUHVXPLGDLQWURGXFFLyQD&25%$SRVWHULRUPHQWH VHKDUiXQEUHYHUHFRUULGRSRUODVDUTXLWHFWXUDVGHGHVDUUROORGHVRIWZDUHGHJHVWLyQD WUDYpVODFRUWDKLVWRULDGHODLQIRUPiWLFD'HVSXpVVHLQWURGXFLUiODDUTXLWHFWXUDHQWUHV FDSDVVXVYHQWDMDVHLQFRQYHQLHQWHVXQDUHODFLyQGHODVKHUUDPLHQWDVGHGHVDUUROORTXH SRGHPRVXWLOL]DU ,QWURGXFFLyQD&25%$ &25%$HVXQDQRUPDQRXQSURGXFWRTXHVHHQFDUJDGHHVSHFLILFDUODLQWHUR SHUDELOLGDGHQWUHREMHWRVHQXQHQWRUQRGLVWULEXLGRKHWHURJpQHRGHPDQHUDWUDQVSDUHQWH &25%$HVXQD QRUPDTXH IXH LPSXOVDGDSRUOD20* 2EMHFW 0DQDJHPHQW *URXSHQ>20*@6HSURSXVRXQDDUTXLWHFWXUDEDVDGDHQFRPSRQHQWHVFRQ FDSDFLGDGGHLQWHURSHUDELOLGDGOOHYDQLQWHJUDGDVODFRQHFWLYLGDGGHUHGFRQLQGHSHQ GHQFLDGHODORFDOL]DFLyQ)LQDOPHQWHHQOD20*GHILQLyHOSULPHU25%2EMHFW 5HTXHVW%URNHU ,OXVWUDFLyQ+HWHURJHQHLGDGGH&25%$ &25%$HQGHILQLWLYDHVXQPLGGOHZDUHTXHSHUPLWHFRQHFWDUFOLHQWHV\VHUYL GRUHVKHWHURJpQHRVWDQWRHQHOOHQJXDMHGHSURJUDPDFLyQFRPRHQODSODWDIRUPDGHHMH FXFLyQ (VWR VH FRQVLJXH GH IRUPD WUDQVSDUHQWH SDUD ORV FOLHQWHV \ VHUYLGRUHV /RV FOLHQWHVVLPSOHPHQWHLQYRFDQXQPpWRGRGHXQREMHWRVHUYLGRU\QRWLHQHQTXHSUHRFX SDUVHGHODORFDOL]DFLyQGHGLFKRREMHWR$GHPiVODSHWLFLyQVHUHDOL]DHQHOOHQJXDMHGH SURJUDPDFLyQHQTXHHVWiFRGLILFDGRHOFOLHQWHDXQTXHHOVHUYLGRUHVWpUHDOL]DGRHQRWUR GLVWLQWR(OHQFDUJDGRGHODWUDGXFFLyQ\WUDQVSRUWHGHODOODPDGDHVHO25%2EMHFW 5HTXHVW%URNHUXQDSLH]DIXQGDPHQWDOGHODDUTXLWHFWXUDGH&25%$
25% ,'/ 6WXEV ,QWHUID] GHO 25% &OLHQWH 6HUYLGRU 6WDWLF,'/ 6NHOHWRQ $GDSWDGRU GH2EMHWRV '\QDPLQF 6NHOHWRQ '\QDPLQF ,QYRFDWLRQ ,QWHUIDFH ,QWHUID]LGpQWLFDSDUDWRGRVORV 25%V 3XHGHKDEHUYDULRVDGDSWDGRUHV GHREMHWRV +D\XQVWXE\XQVNHOHWRQSRUFDGR WLSRGHREMHWR ,QWHUID]GHSDQGLHQWHGHO25% 3DUWH&OLHQWH 3DUWH6HUYLGRUD ,OXVWUDFLyQ$UTXLWHFWXUD&25%$ (O25%YHULOXVWUDFLyQHVHOEXVGHREMHWRVORSRGUtDPRVFRPSDUDUFRQHO 6RIWZDUHGH7&3,3TXHSHUPLWHDORVPLVPRVKDFHUOODPDGDVDRWURVGHIRUPDWUDVSD UHQWHLQGHSHQGLHQWHPHQWHGHVXORFDOL]DFLyQGHOVLVWHPDRSHUDWLYRGRQGHVHHMHFXWDQR GHOOHQJXDMHHQHOTXHHVWiQFRGLILFDGRV (VWDPDJLDVHFRQVLJXHJUDFLDVDO,'/,QWHUIDFH'HILQLWLRQ/DQJXDJHTXHHV XQDHVSHFLHGH(VSHUDQWRGHORVOHQJXDMHVGHSURJUDPDFLyQ0HGLDQWH,'/VHHVSHFLILFD TXpVHUYLFLRVHOLQWHUIDFHTXHSRVHHRIUHFHFDGDREMHWRVHUYLGRU8VDQGRXQFRPSLOD GRUGH,'/VHJHQHUDHOFyGLJRQHFHVDULRHQXQOHQJXDMHGHSURJUDPDFLyQGHWHUPLQDGR SDUDHOODGRFOLHQWHORVVWXEV\HOODGRVHUYLGRUVNHOHWRUVTXHLPSOHPHQWDGLFKDIXQ FLRQDOLGDG (VGHFLUHQODSDUWHFOLHQWHHOFyGLJRJHQHUDGRVHXVDHQODLPSOHPHQWDFLyQGHO FOLHQWHFRPRFXDOTXLHUOLEUHUtDFRQYHQFLRQDOSRUHMHPSORXQDOLEUHUtDSDUDHOPDQHMR GH6RFNHWVTXHKDFHYHUDOFOLHQWHHOREMHWRVVHUYLGRU\VXVVHUYLFLRV (QODSDUWHVHUYLGRUDVHJHQHUDFyGLJRTXHUHFLEHODVSHWLFLRQHVORFDOHVRYtDUHG GHORVFOLHQWHV\VHHQFDUJDGHOODPDUDODVIXQFLRQHVFRUUHFWDVGHOVHUYLGRUFX\DVFDEH FHUDVHVTXHOHWRVWDPELpQVHKDQJHQHUDGROyJLFDPHQWHGHELHQGRVHULPSOHPHQWDGRHO FyGLJRGHORVPpWRGRVSRUHOSURJUDPDGRU(VGHFLUQRVHQFRQWUDPRVEiVLFDPHQWHFRQ XQHVTXHPDVLPLODUDOFRQRFLGRGHODVFOiVLFDV5HPRWH3URFHGXUH&DOOV
+LVWRULDGDODVDUTXLWHFWXUDVGHGHVDUUROORGHVRIWZDUH $SOLFDFLRQHVPRQROtWLFDV $QWHVGHDSDULFLyQGHDUTXLWHFWXUDVGHDOWRQLYHOFRPRODTXHHVWDPRVWUDWDQGR HOGHVDUUROORGHDSOLFDFLRQHVHUDELHQGLVWLQWR(OSURJUDPDGRUQRVHFHxtDDQLQJ~QPR GHORGHWHUPLQDGRVLQRTXHWRPDEDXQOHQJXDMHGHSURJUDPDFLyQ&2%2/HQODPD\R UtDGHORVFDVRV\FRPHQ]DEDDSURJUDPDU\GHSXUDU(OUHVXOWDGRHUDXQDDSOLFDFLyQ PRQROtWLFDHQODTXHVHPH]FODEDODLQWHUID]GHXVXDULRFRQORVGDWRV\ODOyJLFDGHQH JRFLRGHPRGRTXHDOHVWDUWRGRHQWUHOD]DGRFXDOTXLHUFDPELRVXSRQtDXQJUDQHVIXHU ]R'HWRGRVPRGRVSHVHDORVLQFRQYHQLHQWHVTXHHVWDWpFQLFDFRQOOHYDKR\GtDKD\ JUDQFDQWLGDGGHHPSUHVDVTXHVLJXHQXVDQGRVLVWHPDVDSOLFDFLRQHVPRQROtWLFDVDXQTXH PX\GHSXUDGDV\DGDSWDGDVDODVQHFHVLGDGHVDFWXDOHV\DTXHORVFRVWRVGHUHKDFHUOD DSOLFDFLyQGHQXHYRFRQODVWpFQLFDVDFWXDOHVVRQGHPDVLDGRHOHYDGRV $UTXLWHFWXUDV&OLHQWH6HUYLGRU ,%0&RPSDWLEOH :RUNVWDWLRQ 0DF,, 6*%' 3DUWH&OLHQWH 3DUWH6HUYLGRUD ,OXVWUDFLyQ$UTXLWHFWXUD&OLHQWH6HUYLGRU 3RVWHULRUPHQWHDSDUHFLyODOODPDGDDUTXLWHFWXUD&OLHQWH6HUYLGRU/DDUTXLWHFWX UD&OLHQWH6HUYLGRUSUHVHQWDPXFKDVYHQWDMDVFRQUHVSHFWRDODVDSOLFDFLRQHVPRQROtWL FDV&RPRVHREVHUYDHQODLOXVWUDFLyQHQXQVLVWHPD&OLHQWH6HUYLGRUVHGLVWLQJXHQ GRVWLSRVGHQRGRVORVQRGRV&OLHQWHVDODL]TXLHUGDHQODILJXUD\HORORVQRGRV6HU YLGRUHVDODGHUHFKDHQODILJXUD/RV&OLHQWHVVHXWLOL]DpOWHUPLQRHQSOXUDOGHELGRD TXHJHQHUDOPHQWHVXHOHKDEHUPiVGHXQ&OLHQWHVRQORVTXHJHQHUDOPHQWHLQWHUDFW~DQ
FRQHOXVXDULR\SURSRUFLRQDQODLQWHUID]JUiILFDSDUDUHFRJHUODVSHWLFLRQHVGHOXVXDULR \FRPXQLFiUVHODVDO6HUYLGRUSRURWURODGRHO6HUYLGRUHVHOTXHVHHQFDUJDGHDOPDFH QDUODLQIRUPDFLyQ'%06VLVWHPDGHJHVWLyQGHODEDVHGHGDWRV\SURSRUFLRQiUVHODDO &OLHQWHFXDQGRpVWHDVtORUHTXLHUD (QODPD\RUtDGHORVFDVRVODJHVWLyQWUDGXFFLyQHWFGHODVSHWLFLRQHV\SRU FRQVLJXLHQWHODPD\RUSDUWHGHOSHVRGHFRPSXWDFLyQ\DGPLQLVWUDFLyQGHODDSOLFDFLyQ UHFDHQVREUHHO&OLHQWH /DDUTXLWHFWXUD&OLHQWH6HUYLGRUHVODPiVXVDGDHQODDFWXDOLGDG\DTXHSUH VHQWDPXFKDVPHMRUDVFRQUHVSHFWRDODVDSOLFDFLRQHVPRQROtWLFDV3RUHOFRQWUDULROD RUJDQL]DFLyQ&OLHQWH6HUYLGRUHQGRVFDSDVQRVSODQWHDWDPELpQVHULDVGHVYHQWDMDV 3DUDHPSH]DUHO&OLHQWH\HO6HUYLGRUHVWDUiQHVFULWRVSDUDXQDGHWHUPLQDGD SODWDIRUPD\XQGHWHUPLQDGRJHVWRUGHEDVHVGHGDWRVSRUORTXHHOFyGLJRQRVHUiUHX WLOL]DEOHHQRWURVFDVRV\VLVHTXLHUHUHDOL]DUDOJ~QFDPELRVHWHQGUiTXHUHHVFULELUOD DSOLFDFLyQFRPSOHWD /DHQFDSVXODFLyQGHORVGDWRVRFXOWDFLyQGHODLQIRUPDFLyQHVSREUHDFDXVDGH TXHHO&OLHQWHGHEHFRQRFHUWRGDVODVFDUDFWHUtVWLFDVGHO6HUYLGRU\ODIRUPDHQTXHVH DOPDFHQD\WUDWDODLQIRUPDFLyQ 2WURGHORVLQFRQYHQLHQWHVTXHVHSUHVHQWDHVTXHVHYHOLPLWDGDWDQWRODHVFDOD ELOLGDGKRUL]RQWDOGHOVLVWHPDFRPRODHVFDODELOLGDGYHUWLFDO/DHVFDODELOLGDGKRUL]RQWDO FRQVLVWHHQDXPHQWDUHOQ~PHURGH&OLHQWHV\VLpVWHDXPHQWDGHPDVLDGRSXHGHLQFOXVR SURGXFLUVHXQFRODSVRGHO6HUYLGRUHOQ~PHURGHFOLHQWHVHVOLPLWDGR/DHVFDODELOLGDG YHUWLFDODOFRQVLVWLUHQPLJUDUHO6HUYLGRUDXQVLVWHPDPiVSRWHQWHSRUHMHPSORFRQ YDULRV6HUYLGRUHVRXQ'%06PiVSRWHQWHSXHGHREOLJDUDUHHVFULELUODDSOLFDFLyQGHV GHFHUR $GHPiVVHGHEHREVHUYDUTXHHQODPD\RUtDGHORVFDVRVHVHQHOFOLHQWHGRQGH VHHQFXHQWUDODPD\RUSDUWHGHODOyJLFDGHDGPLQLVWUDFLyQGHOVLVWHPDSRUORTXHOD FDQWLGDGGHFyGLJRVHUiJUDQGH\VLVHDFFHGHDpVWHDWUDYpVGH,QWHUQHWODGHVFDUJDGHOD DSOLFDFLyQFOLHQWHSXHGHOOHYDUEDVWDQWHWLHPSR 3RU~OWLPRODDGPLQLVWUDFLyQ\ODVHJXULGDGGHHVWRVVLVWHPDVHVFRPSOHMDDOHV WDUODOyJLFDGHODDSOLFDFLyQGLVWULEXLGDHQWUHHOFOLHQWH\HOVHUYLGRU\QRSRGHUWUDWDUOD GHXQDPDQHUDFHQWUDOL]DGD 0 2'(/2(175(6&$3$6 7,(5 $ 5&+,7(&785( (OPRGHORHQWUHVFDSDVVXUJHFRPRXQDPHMRUDVREUHODDUTXLWHFWXUDFOiVLFDHQ GRVFDSDV(VWDEDVDGRHQODLQFOXVLyQGHXQDQXHYDFDSDRQLYHOGHDEVWUDFFLyQHQOD TXHVHDtVODODOyJLFDGHDGPLQLVWUDFLyQGHOVLVWHPDGHOUHVWRGHEORTXHV (OREMHWLYRGHHVWDGLYLVLyQHVKDFHUFDGDFDSDFRPSOHWDPHQWHLQGHSHQGLHQWHGH ODVGHPiV\KDFHUTXHFDGDXQDGHHOODVVHFRPSRUWHGHPDQHUDWRWDOPHQWHWUDQVSDUHQWH
HVGHFLUTXHODVFDUDFWHUtVWLFDVGHXQDFDSDFRQFUHWDQRGHSHQGDQHQQLQJ~QDVSHFWRGHO UHVWRGHODVFDSDV$VtFDGDFDSDVHYHFRPRXQHOHPHQWRLQGHSHQGLHQWHGHOUHVWR 8QDGHODVFRQVHFXHQFLDVGHHVWDPHMRUDHVTXHODSDUWHFOLHQWHTXHGDUHGXFLGDD XQDVLPSOH,QWHUID]JUiILFD3RURWURODGRODSDUWHVHUYLGRUDTXHGDUiUHGXFLGDDODEDVH GHGDWRV\HO'%06\SRU~OWLPRVHFHQWUDOL]DUiHQODFDSDTXHVHLQVHUWDODOyJLFDGH QHJRFLRGHODDSOLFDFLyQ *UDFLDVDODYHUVDWLOLGDGTXHQRVGDHVWHPRGHORSRGUHPRVXWLOL]DUFDGDFDSD FRPRSLH]DVGHXQPHFDQRWRPDQGRHOQ~PHURGHHOODVTXHQHFHVLWHPRVDGDSWDQGRHO UHVXOWDGRILQDODQXHVWUDVQHFHVLGDGHV$GHPiVVHSRGUiXWLOL]DUFDGDSLH]DWRGDVODV YHFHVTXHVHDQHFHVDULR ,QWHUID] YW 6*%' 77 &DSD &DSD &DSD ,QWHUIDFHVGH FRQH[LyQ ,QWHUID] :LQ ,QWHUID] ::: ,QWHUID] $SOLF $FFHVR D/yJLFD /yJLFD $FFHVR D'DWRV ,OXVWUDFLyQ0RGHORGHGHVDUUROORGHDSOLFDFLRQHVHQWUHVFDSDV &RPRVHSXHGHREVHUYDUHQODLOXVWUDFLyQODDUTXLWHFWXUDFRQVWDGHYDULDVFDSDV TXHH[SOLFDUHPRVDFRQWLQXDFLyQ &DSD&OLHQWH /DSULPHUDFDSDTXHVHREVHUYDHQODILJXUDHVHOFOLHQWH(QHOODHVWDUiLPSOH PHQWDGRHOFOLHQWHHQIRUPDGHLQWHUID]JUiILFDTXHLQWHUDFWXDUiFRQHOXVXDULRSLGLHQGR GDWRVGHHQWUDGD\PRVWUDQGRORVGDWRVTXHSURGXFHODDSOLFDFLyQ/DLQWHUID]GHXVXDULR SXHGHFRQVLVWLUGHVGHXQDDSOLFDFLyQLQGHSHQGLHQWHKDVWDXQWHUPLQDORLQFOXVRXQDSD JLQD:HE /DPLVLyQGHHVWDFDSDHV~QLFDPHQWHFRQWHQHUOD,QWHUID]JUiILFDSDUDLQWHUDF WXDUFRQHOXVXDULR
2WUDGHODVYHQWDMDVHVTXHKDFHTXHDXPHQWHOD HVFDODELOLGDG (OPRGHORGH WUHVFDSDVSHUPLWHHVFDODU QXHVWURVVLVWHPDVFRQ PD\RU IDFLOLGDGTXHRWURV1RUPDO PHQWHXQDHPSUHVDWLHQHFOLHQWHVGHWLSRVPX\GLIHUHQWHVFRQHTXLSRVGHGLVWLQWDSR WHQFLDTXHKDUiQHFHVDULRTXHVHSXHGDQDGDSWDUODVLQWHUIDFHVGHXVXDULRDWRGDVODV PiTXLQDVWDQWRDODVPiVDQWLJXDVFRPRDODVPiVUHFLHQWHV/DDUTXLWHFWXUDHQWUHV FDSDVSURSRUFLRQDODYHQWDMDGHSRGHUGHVDUUROODUGLVWLQWRVFOLHQWHVTXHVHDGDSWHQDODV GLVWLQWDVQHFHVLGDGHVKDUGZDUHDSURYHFKDQGRGHHVWDIRUPDWRGRVORVUHFXUVRVGLVSRQL EOHV\HYLWDQGRDODHPSUHVDODFRVWRVDFRPSUDGHHTXLSRVQXHYRV /DDUTXLWHFWXUDHQWUHVFDSDVSHUPLWH GLVWULEXLU ODDSOLFDFLyQHMHFXWDQGRFDGD FDSDHQODPiTXLQDTXHRIUH]FDODVPHMRUHVFDUDFWHUtVWLFDV$OVHUFDGDFDSDLQGHSHQ GLHQWHGHODVGHPiVVHSRGUiDORMDUFDGDFDSDGRQGHTXHUDPRVSUHRFXSiQGRQRVVyORGH TXHVHFRPXQLTXHFRQHOUHVWRGHPDQHUDDGHFXDGD 8QDYHQWDMDLPSRUWDQWHHVOD KHWHURJHQHLGDG $OSRGHUDGDSWDUFDGDFDSDDO KDUGZDUHVLVWHPDRSHUDWLYRHWFGHODPiTXLQDHQTXHUHVLGHFDGDFDSDHVWDDUTXLWHFWX UDSXHGHVREUHYLYLUHQXQHQWRUQRKHWHURJpQHR $GDSWDUODVDSOLFDFLRQHVD ,QWHUQHW HVVLQGXGDXQGHORVREMHWLYRVPiVSHUVH JXLGRV DFWXDOPHQWH SRU ODV HPSUHVDV TXH TXLHUHQ RIUHFHU VXV VHUYLFLRV D WUDYpV GH :::/DVGRV~OWLPDVFDUDFWHUtVWLFDVGLVWULEXFLyQ \ KHWHURJHQHLGDG DQWHULRUPHQWH FLWDGDVVRQTXL]iVODVPiVUHODFLRQDGDVFRQ,QWHUQHW/D:::RIUHFHXQHQWRUQRFRP SOHWDPHQWHKHWHURJpQHRDOTXHWLHQHQDFFHVRGHVGHSRWHQWHVHVWDFLRQHVGHWUDEDMRKDVWD 3&SHUVRQDOHVSDVDQGRSRU0DFLQWRVKHLQFOXVRWHOpIRQRVPyYLOHV\DSRGHPRVSUR JUDPDULQWHUIDFHVJUiILFDVHQ-DYDSDUDWHOpIRQRVPyYLOHVTXHIXQFLRQHQFRQPLFURV TXHHMHFXWHQFyGLJR-DYDGLUHFWDPHQWH$GHPiVVHSXHGHQHVWDEOHFHUFRQH[LRQHVGHVGH FXDOTXLHUOXJDUGHOPXQGRDVtTXHGHEHPRVGLVSRQHUGHDSOLFDFLRQHVFDSDFHVGHIXQ FLRQDUHILFLHQWHPHQWHDWUDYpVGHODUHG &RQODVHSDUDFLyQHQWUHLQWHUID]JUiILFD\OyJLFDGHQHJRFLRTXHKDFHODDUTXL WHFWXUDHQWUHVFDSDVVHREWLHQHODSULQFLSDOED]DSDUDODLQPHUVLyQGHXQDDSOLFDFLyQHQ ,QWHUQHW6H3XHGHSRUHMHPSORXWLOL]DUSDUDODLQWHUID]JUiILFDXQDSSOHW-DYDLQFUXVWD GRHQXQDSiJLQD:(%$OVHUHOFOLHQWHXQDSDJLQD:(%ORVXVXDULRVGHHVWDSiJLQD SRGUiQXWLOL]DUFXDOTXLHU6LVWHPD2SHUDWLYR\FXDOTXLHUSODWDIRUPDKHWHURJHQHLGDGOR ~QLFRTXHQHFHVLWDUiQVHUiXQQDYHJDGRU$VtHOXVXDULRVLHPSUHHQFXHQWUDODPLVPD ,QWHUID]JUiILFDDXQTXHFDPELHGHSODWDIRUPDQDYHJDGRU\ORVFDPELRVHQHOFOLHQWH VyORKDEUiTXHKDFHUORVHQHOVHUYLGRUKWWS\QRKDEUiTXHLUFOLHQWHSRUFOLHQWHDFWXDOL ]DQGRHOVLVWHPD /DDUTXLWHFWXUDHQWUHVFDSDVUHGXFH FRVWHVGHPDQWHQLPLHQWR \DTXHDOWUDWDUVH GHXQDDUTXLWHFWXUDTXHDtVODFDGDQLYHOOyJLFRHQXQDFDSDHOPDQWHQLPLHQWRVHKDFH PXFKRPiVVHQFLOOR(O FyGLJR HVWDPXFKRPiV HVWUXFWXUDGR TXHHQODVDSOLFDFLRQHV PRQROtWLFDV\FOLHQWHVHUYLGRUGHIRUPDTXHVX FRPSUHQVLyQ HVPXFKRPiVIiFLO&R PRFDGDFRQFHSWRHVWDWRWDOPHQWHDLVODGRGHORVGHPiVVHSXHGHORFDOL]DUFRQIDFLOLGDG HODVSHFWRTXHVHTXLHUHPRGLILFDU\UHDOL]DUHOFDPELRVLQDIHFWDUDOUHVWRGHFDSDV 2WURSUREOHPDTXHVHPHMRUDHQFLHUWRVDVSHFWRVHVOD HILFLHQFLD 1RUPDOPHQWH HQXQVLVWHPDGHEDVHVGHGDWRVKD\FRQVXOWDVTXHVHUHDOL]DQFRQUHODWLYDDVLGXLGDG\ TXHSURGXFHQWRGDVHOPLVPRUHVXOWDGR6LVHLQWURGXFHHQODFDSDGHODJHQWHXQDFDFKH
TXHUHVSRQGDDHVWDVFRQVXOWDVVLQWHQHUTXHDFFHGHUDO'%06VHGHVFDUJDUiDHVWH\ODV UHVSXHVWDVVHUHDOL]DUDQGHPDQHUDPiVHILFLHQWHVyORVHDFWXDOL]DUiORVGDWRVGHODFD FKHFXDQGRVHDQHFHVDULR , 1&219(1,(17(6 '(/$$548,7(&785$75(6&$3$6 /DVYHQWDMDVFRPRDFDEDPRVGHFRPSUREDUVRQPX\DWUDFWLYDVSHURORFLHUWR HVTXHDODKRUDGHDSOLFDUHQODSUiFWLFDHOPRGHORHQWUHVFDSDVQRVSRGHPRVHQFRQWUDU FRQSUREOHPDVWpFQLFRVTXHKR\HQGtDD~QQRKDQVLGRFRPSOHWDPHQWHUHVXHOWRVSRU WRGDVODVKHUUDPLHQWDVGHGHVDUUROOR(QHVWDVHFFLyQFRPHQWDUHPRVDOJXQRVGHHOORV 8QRGHORVSUREOHPDVPiVLPSRUWDQWHVVRQORVDVSHFWRVGH VHJXULGDG &XDQGR ODVDSOLFDFLRQHVVHGHVDUUROODEDQKDFLHQGRXVRGHOPRGHORPRQROtWLFRORV~QLFRVSUR EOHPDVGHVHJXULGDGVHUHGXFtDQDTXHDOJXLHQQRDXWRUL]DGRWXYLHVHDFFHVRDQXHVWUR RUGHQDGRU$KRUDGHVGHHOPRPHQWRHQTXHVHUHFXSHUDQORVGDWRVGHODOPDFHQDPLHQWR KDVWDTXHODLQIRUPDFLyQHODERUDGDOOHJDDOXVXDULRGHEHSDVDUSRUODUHG\SRUODVLQWHU IDFHVGHFRQH[LyQHQWUHODVWUHVFDSDV(VWRKDFHTXHQRVHDVXILFLHQWHFRQXQDKHUUD PLHQWDFDSD]GHLQWHUFRQHFWDUYDULDVPiTXLQDVGHXQDIRUPDPiVRPHQRVVLPSOHDGH PiVGHEHRIUHFHUQRVFLHUWDVJDUDQWtDVGHTXHHVDLQIRUPDFLyQQRYDDVHUREVHUYDGDR PDQLSXODGDGHIRUPDQRDXWRUL]DGD &25%$RIUHFHXQVHUYLFLRGH HQFULSWDFLyQ GHLQIRUPDFLyQDOSRGHUXWLOL]DUHO SURWRFROR,,23VREUH66/GHIRUPDTXHSRGHPRVVROYHQWDUHOSUREOHPDVLXWLOL]DPRV 'HOSKLDGHPiV9LVLERUNHUGH'HOSKLSURSRUFLRQDKHUUDPLHQWDVTXHSHUPLWHQODXWLOL]D FLyQFRQMXQWDGH&25%$FRQ)LUHZDOOV/28,6QRRIUHFHODSRVLELOLGDGGHHQFULSWDU LQIRUPDFLyQ\GHOHJDHVWDVWDUHDVHQHOVLVWHPDRSHUDWLYR'HHVWHPRGR'HOSKL0LFUR VRIW'HYHORSHU6WXGLR\2UDFOHVRQODV~QLFDVKHUUDPLHQWDVTXHKHPRVDQDOL]DGRTXH SURSRUFLRQDQVHUYLFLRVHVSHFtILFRVSDUDSURWHJHUODLQIRUPDFLyQTXHIOX\HDWUDYpVGHOD UHG 3RURWUDSDUWHDOKDFHUXQ XVRPiVLQWHQVLYRGHODUHG GHFRPXQLFDFLRQHVHO DQFKRGHEDQGDTXHUHTXLHUHQQXHVWUDVDSOLFDFLRQHVVHPXOWLSOLFDORTXHVLJQLILFDTXHVL JUDGXDOPHQWHGHVDUUROODPRVPiV\PiVDSOLFDFLRQHVKDFLHQGRXVRGHHVWHPRGHORQRHV GHH[WUDxDUTXHHQXQSOD]RGHWLHPSRQRGHPDVLDGRODUJRODUHGGHLQWHUFRQH[LyQVH FRQYLHUWDHQXQFXHOORGHERWHOODLPSRUWDQWH *HQHUDOPHQWHODVKHUUDPLHQWDVTXHSHUPLWHQFUHDUDSOLFDFLRQHVHQWUHVFDSDV SHUPLWHQDOGLVHxDGRUGHWHUPLQDUFXiOHVHOWDPDxRGHORVSDTXHWHVGHGDWRVTXHVHYDQ DWUDQVPLWLUSRUODUHGSHURHVWHGDWRVXHOHILMDUVHHQWLHPSRGHGLVHxRDOJRTXHQRHV GHOWRGRDGHFXDGRVLWHQHPRVHQFXHQWDTXHHOYROXPHQGHGDWRVTXHPDQHMDXQDDSOLFD FLyQSXHGHYDULDUFRQHOWLHPSRGHSHQGLHQGRGHIDFWRUHVDORVTXHHOGLVHxDGRUSXHGH VHUFRPSOHWDPHQWHDMHQR 'HODVKHUUDPLHQWDVTXHKHPRVHVWXGLDGRWDQVyOR2UDFOHSURPHWHFDUDFWHUtVWL FDVDGHFXDGDVSDUDRSWLPDUHOXVRGHODUHGGHFRPXQLFDFLRQHVSHURSRUGHVJUDFLDQRV KDVLGRLPSRVLEOHHYDOXDUHVWRVDVSHFWRVHQODSUiFWLFD
7DPSRFRGHEHPRVROYLGDUTXHHQXQDDSOLFDFLyQPRQROtWLFDRFOLHQWHVHUYLGRU ODOyJLFDGHORVSURJUDPDVFRQVXPHSRWHQFLDORFDOGHQWURGHFDGDXQDGHODVPiTXLQDV HQODVTXHVHHMHFXWD$KRUDHQWHRUtDVHUtDXQD~QLFDOyJLFDODUHVSRQVDEOHGHUHVSRQ GHUDWRGDVODVSHWLFLRQHVTXHUHDOL]DVHQODVGLVWLQWDVLQWHUIDFHVGHXVXDULRDOJRTXHHYL GHQWHPHQWHQRHVDFRQVHMDEOHVLHVDDSOLFDFLyQGHEHGDUVHUYLFLRDXQQ~PHURGHXVXD ULRVHOHYDGR/RPiVDGHFXDGRSDUDUHVROYHUHVWHSUREOHPDVHUtDSRGHUFRQWDUFRQYD ULDVPiTXLQDVHQFDUJDGDVGHODOyJLFDGHWDOIRUPDTXHHO HTXLOLEULRGHODFDUJD GHWUD EDMRVHUHDOL]DVHGHXQDIRUPDDXWRPiWLFDHQWUHHOODV 9LVXDO6WXGLRR'HOSKLSHUPLWHGLVWULEXLUORVFRPSRQHQWHVTXHIRUPDQODOyJL FDFRQFLHUWDIDFLOLGDGSHURQLQJXQDGHODVGRVKHUUDPLHQWDVSURSRUFLRQDPHGLRVSDUD GLVWULEXLUODFDUJDGHWUDEDMRGHPDQHUDGLUHFWD6LQHPEDUJRVLXVDPRVHO25%TXH SURSRUFLRQD'HOSKLH[LVWHQKHUUDPLHQWDVTXHSHUPLWHQEDODQFHDUODFDUJDGHPDQHUD DXWRPiWLFD2UDFOHHVTXL]iHOPHMRUSUHSDUDGRHQHVWHVHQWLGR\DTXHDOHVWDUFRPSOH WDPHQWHEDVDGRHQ&25%$SHUPLWHGLVWULEXLUFRQJUDQIDFLOLGDGODVDSOLFDFLRQHVHQWUH YDULDVPiTXLQDV3RURWUDSDUWHWDQWR9LVXDO6WXGLR\2UDFOHHVWiQHVSHFLDOPHQWHSUH SDUDGRVSDUDDWHQGHUODVSHWLFLRQHVGHIRUPDySWLPDGHWDOPDQHUDTXHVHSXHGDVDFDUHO Pi[LPRSDUWLGRDORVUHFXUVRVGHODPiTXLQDHQTXHVHKDLQVWDODGRHOVHUYLGRUGHDSOL FDFLRQHV (QJHQHUDOQRHVIiFLO FRQYHUWLU XQDDSOLFDFLyQ\DGHVDUUROODGDTXHXWLOL]DHO PRGHORPRQROtWLFRRFOLHQWHVHUYLGRU HQXQDSOLFDFLyQHQWUHVFDSDV 6HKDGHVDUUROOD GREDVWDQWHHVIXHU]RSDUDREWHQHUPHWRGRORJtDTXHQRVSHUPLWDQGDUHOSDVRGHXQDIRU PDVHJXUD\SRFRFRVWRVD>1RIIVLQJHU HWDO 6KRIIQHU@SHURQRHVKDELWXDO HQFRQWUDUVRSRUWHHQODVKHUUDPLHQWDVGHGHVDUUROORSDUDUHFRQYHUWLUDSOLFDFLRQHV 'HHQWUHODVTXHKHPRVDQDOL]DGRHQHVWHWUDEDMRWDQVyOR/28,6LQFRUSRUDXQD KHUUDPLHQWDSDUDVHSDUDUODOyJLFDGHOLQWHUID]HQDSOLFDFLRQHVHVFULWDVHQ&2%2/(VWR QRVSHUPLWHUHXWLOL]DUFRQIDFLOLGDGYLHMDVDSOLFDFLRQHVFRQXQPtQLPRHVIXHU]R\FRQ WRGDVODVJDUDQWtDVGHTXHODDSOLFDFLyQUHVXOWDGRIXQFLRQDUiH[DFWDPHQWHLJXDOTXHOD RULJLQDO 9 (17$-$6'(/$87,/,=$&,Ï1'( &25%$ (16,67(0$6'(75(6 &$3$6 0HGLDQWHODXWLOL]DFLyQGH&25%$HQXQVLVWHPDGHWUHVFDSDVVHREWLHQHQXQ EXHQQ~PHURGHYHQWDMDVHQWUHHOODVODVVLJXLHQWHV &25%$SHUPLWH FRQHFWDUFOLHQWHV\ VHUYLGRUHV KHWHURJpQHRV WDQWR HQ OHQ JXDMHVGHSURJUDPDFLyQFRPRHQSODWDIRUPDVGHHMHFXFLyQ(VWRSURSRUFLRQDXQDJUDQ IOH[LELOLGDGDODKRUDGHDGDSWDUXQDDSOLFDFLyQDXQHQWRUQRHQHOTXHH[LVWDQGLIHUHQWHV QHFHVLGDGHVKDUGZDUH\VRIWZDUH /D FRPXQLFDFLyQ VHUHDOL]DGHIRUPD WUDQVSDUHQWH (OFOLHQWHVLPSOHPHQWHRE WLHQHXQDUHIHUHQFLDDXQREMHWR\SXHGHLQYRFDUFXDOTXLHUDGHVXVPpWRGRVVLQWHQHUTXH SUHRFXSDUVHVREUHHOWUDQVSRUWHODORFDOL]DFLyQGHORVVHUYLGRUHVODDFWLYDFLyQGHORV REMHWRVHORUGHQGHORVELWVRHOVLVWHPDRSHUDWLYRTXHXWLOLFH$GHPiVODVOODPDGDVD
HVWRVPpWRGRVVHUHDOL]DQHQHOOHQJXDMHGHSURJUDPDFLyQGHOFOLHQWHLQGHSHQGLHQWH PHQWHGHOOHQJXDMHHQHOTXHHVWpLPSOHPHQWDGRHOVHUYLGRU &25%$SHUPLWHODSRVLELOLGDGGH FRQHFWDUYDULRV25% DWUDYpVGHOSURWRFROR ,,23,QWHUQHW,QWHU25%3URWRFRO>-3HxD@8Q25%SXHGHPDQHMDUOODPDGDV HQWUHREMHWRVGHQWURGHXQSURFHVRVLPSOHP~OWLSOHVSURFHVRVFRUULHQGRHQODPLVPD PiTXLQDRP~OWLSOHVSURFHVRVFRUULHQGRVREUHYDULDVUHGHV\VLVWHPDVRSHUDWLYRV(VWR HVFRPSOHWDPHQWHWUDQVSDUHQWHDQXHVWURVREMHWRV (O25%LQFOX\HLQIRUPDFLyQFRQWH[WXDOHQVXVPHQVDMHVSDUDPDQHMDUODVHJXUL GDG\ODVWUDQVDFFLRQHVDWUDYpVGHORVOtPLWHVGHODPiTXLQD\GHO25% 2WUDGHODVYHQWDMDVTXHRIUHFH&25%$XQDGHODVPiVDWUDFWLYDVFRQVLVWHHQ TXHHVXQD VROXFLyQHYROXWLYD \DTXHSHUPLWHODFRH[LVWHQFLDFRQVLVWHPDV\DH[LVWHQ WHVHQXQGHWHUPLQDGRHQWRUQR/DVHSDUDFLyQTXHSURSRUFLRQD&25%$HQWUHODGHILQL FLyQ\ODLPSOHPHQWDFLyQGHXQREMHWRHVODRSFLyQLGHDOSDUDHQFDSVXODUDSOLFDFLRQHV\D H[LVWHQWHV8VDQGR&25%$,'/,QWHUIDFH'HILQLFLyQ/DQJXDJHVHSXHGHFUHDUXQD LQWHUID]GHIRUPDTXHHOFyGLJR\DH[LVWHQWHDSDUH]FDFRPRXQREMHWRSDUDHO25%LQ FOXVRVLHVWiLPSOHPHQWDGRFRQOHQJXDMHVQRRULHQWDGRVDREMHWRVFRPR&2%2/*UD FLDVDHVWRVHSXHGHWUDVODGDUXQDDSOLFDFLyQPRQROtWLFDDXQDDUTXLWHFWXUDGHWUHVFDSDV DSURYHFKDQGRHOFyGLJR\DHVFULWR3DUDDFODUDUHVWHFRQFHSWRVHYHUiHOVLJXLHQWHHMHP SOR 8QEDQFRWLHQHXQDEDVHGHGDWRVFX\DJHVWLyQVHUHDOL]DPHGLDQWHXQDDSOLFD FLyQHVFULWDHQ&2%2/'HELGRDODDSHUWXUDGHQXHYDVVXFXUVDOHVVHKDFHQHFHVDULR FRPXQLFDUODDSOLFDFLyQFRQPiVWHUPLQDOHVSHURVHSURGXFHXQDJUDQVREUHFDUJDGHO VHUYLGRU(OEDQFRGHFLGHFDPELDUODDSOLFDFLyQSRURWUDTXHVHDGDSWHDODVQXHYDV QHFHVLGDGHVSHURPDQWHQLHQGRODPLVPDEDVHGHGDWRV\DVHUSRVLEOHODPLVPDLQWHUID] GHXVXDULR6HSLGHSUHVXSXHVWRDXQDHPSUHVD VRIWZDUH SDUD GHVDUUROODU OD QXHYD DSOLFDFLyQSHURVHGHVHFKDHOSUR\HFWRGHELGRDVXHOHYDGRSUHFLR&RPRVHJXQGDRS FLyQVHSURSRQHDOEDQFRXQDVROXFLyQDOWHUQDWLYDTXHFRQVLVWHQWHHQPRGLILFDUOD DSOLFDFLyQDQWLJXDWUDVODGiQGRODDXQDDUTXLWHFWXUDHQWUHVFDSDV(OREMHWLYRHVWRPDU ODDQWLJXDDSOLFDFLyQVHSDUDUODLQWHUID]GHXVXDULRGHODOyJLFDGHODDSOLFDFLyQ\ SURSRUFLRQDUODFRPXQLFDFLyQHQWUHORVPLVPRVFRQ&25%$HVWDWDUHDVHSXHGHUHDOL ]DUGHPDQHUDVHPLDXWRPiWLFDFRPRYHUHPRVHQODVLJXLHQWHVHFFLyQ$OHVWUXFWXUDUOD DSOLFDFLyQHQWUHVFDSDVFOLHQWHOyJLFDGHQHJRFLR\VHUYLGRUXWLOL]DQGR&25%$VH UHDSURYHFKDWRGRHOFyGLJR\DH[LVWHQWHHVFULWRHQ&2%2/6HFRQVLJXHQ WRGDVODV YHQWDMDVTXHSURSRUFLRQDQ&25%$\ODDUTXLWHFWXUDHQWUHVFDSDV(OPDQWHQLPLHQWR GHODDSOLFDFLyQUHVXOWDUiPXFKRPHQRVFRVWRVR\DTXHODVFDSDVVRQLQGHSHQGLHQWHV HQWUHVt\VLQHFHVLWDPRVSURJUDPDUXQDQXHYDLQWHUID]GHXVXDULRpVWDVHSRGUiUHDOL ]DULQFOXVRHQRWUROHQJXDMHGLIHUHQWHGH&2%2/ 2WUDGHODVFDUDFWHUtVWLFDVGH&25%$HVOD LQYRFDFLyQGLQiPLFD ODOODPDGDD REMHWRVQRWLHQHSRUTXpVHUHVWiWLFDSURJUDPDGDGHDQWHPDQRHQHOFOLHQWHVLQRTXH XQFOLHQWHSXHGHEXVFDUTXHVHUYLGRUHV\TXHVHUYLFLRVHVWiQGLVSRQLEOHV\OODPDUORVGH IRUPDGLQiPLFDGXUDQWHODHMHFXFLyQ (VFDODU XQVLVWHPDHVXQDWDUHDIiFLOSRUHMHPSORVLVHWLHQHQYDULRVDJHQWHV FRVDTXHHVFRPSOHWDPHQWHSRVLEOHQRKD\TXHSUHRFXSDUVHSRUEDODQFHDUODFDUJD\D
TXHKD\LPSOHPHQWDFLRQHVGH&25%$SRUHMHPSOR6PDUW$JHQWGH9LVLEURNHUTXHOR KDFHQDXWRPiWLFDPHQWH$VtVLHOQ~PHURGHFOLHQWHVDXPHQWDVyORKDEUiTXHLQWURGXFLU XQDQXHYDPiTXLQDFRQRWURDJHQWH\&25%$VHHQFDUJDUiGHUHSDUWLUHOWUDEDMRHQWUH WRGRVORVDJHQWHV $GHPiVDXPHQWDOD WROHUDQFLDDIDOORV \DTXHVLVHWLHQHQYDULRVDJHQWHV\XQR GHHOORVFDHDXWRPiWLFDPHQWHWRGRVORVFOLHQWHVTXHHVWpQFRQHFWDGRVDpOSDVDQDRWUR DJHQWHGHIRUPDTXHHOFOLHQWHQRQRWDUiQDGDVyORXQSHTXHxRUHWDUGR &25%$RIUHFHODSRVLELOLGDGGH HQFULSWDU ODLQIRUPDFLyQHYLWDQGRORVSUREOH PDVGHVHJXULGDGDOHQYLDUODLQIRUPDFLyQGHXQDFDSDDRWUD3HURVHQRVSXHGHQSUH VHQWDURWURVSUREOHPDVGHVHJXULGDGGHULYDGRVGHODDUTXLWHFWXUDGH&25%$6LODFDSD OyJLFDDODFFHGHUDXQGHWHUPLQDGRDJHQWHKDFHXQDFRPSUREDFLyQGHXVXDULR\FRQWUD VHxD\QXHVWURDJHQWHVHFDH&25%$GDUiVHUYLFLRDQXHVWURFOLHQWHFRQRWURDJHQWH TXHHVWpGLVSRQLEOHVLH[LVWHQRWURVDJHQWHV3XHGHVXFHGHUTXHHOQXHYRDJHQWHTXHVH HQFDUJDUDGHDWHQGHUQRVQRQRVSHUPLWDHODFFHVRSHURQRVKDEUHPRVVDOWDGRODFRP SUREDFLyQ(VWHDVSHFWRSXHGHVHUWUDWDGRPDQHMDQGRODH[FHSFLyQTXHVHODQ]DFXDQGR FDHHODJHQWH & 21&/86,21(6 (QHVWHWUDEDMRKHPRVGDGRXQUHSDVRHQFLHUWDSURIXQGLGDGDODDUTXLWHFWXUDGH GHVDUUROORGHDSOLFDFLRQHVHQWUHVFDSDVXQDQXHYD IRUPDGHFRQVWUXLU VRIWZDUH TXH DERJDSRUXQDFRPSOHWDVHSDUDFLyQHQWUHODOyJLFDGHOSURJUDPDODVLQWHUIDFHVGHXVXD ULR\HOVLVWHPDGHDOPDFHQDPLHQWRGHGDWRV &UHHPRVTXHHVWDDUTXLWHFWXUDSHUPLWHFRQVWUXLUDSOLFDFLRQHVUHXWLOL]DEOHVHVFD ODEOHV\IiFLOHVGHDGDSWDUDODVQHFHVLGDGHVGHFOLHQWHVPX\GLIHUHQWHVSHURWDPELpQ SUHVHQWDDOJXQRVLQFRQYHQLHQWHVGHULYDGRVHQVXPD\RUSDUWHGHODUHODWLYDLQPDGXUH] GHODVKHUUDPLHQWDVTXHVRSRUWDQHVWDIRUPDGHFRQVWUXLUDSOLFDFLRQHV'HELGRDHVWD\ RWUDVUD]RQHVDOJXQRVDXWRUHVVHSUHJXQWDQVLUHDOPHQWHHVDFRQVHMDEOHTXHODVHPSUH VDVDFRPHWDQUHWRGHHPSH]DUDGHVDUUROODUDSOLFDFLRQHVHQWUHVFDSDVHQYH]GHFRQWL QXDUXWLOL]DQGRHOPRGHORFOiVLFRFOLHQWHVHUYLGRUTXHWDQEXHQRVUHVXOWDGRVKDGDGR 4XL]iVHOWUDEDMRPiVFUtWLFRHQHVWHDVSHFWRHVHOGH>)U\HU@(QQXHVWUDRSLQLyQ HOGHVDUUROORGHQXHYDVDSOLFDFLRQHVXWLOL]DQGRHVWHPRGHORUHSRUWDUiHQXQIXWXURLQPH GLDWRWDQEXHQRVUHVXOWDGRVFRPRORVTXHSURSRUFLRQDODDUTXLWHFWXUDFOLHQWHVHUYLGRU FOiVLFD\DEULUiDODVHPSUHVDVHQRUPHVSRVLELOLGDGHVHQHOPXQGRGH,QWHUQHW\HQHO TXH&25%$MXJDUiVLQGXGDDOJXQDXQSDSHOSURWDJRQLVWD $ *5$'(&,0,(1726 1RQRVJXVWDUtDGHMDUSDVDUODRFDVLyQVLQH[SUHVDUQXHVWURDJUDGHFLPLHQWRD-R Vp56DOJDGR-XDQ00DFtDV\%HDWUL]%HUQiUGH]SRUODD\XGDSUHVWDGDSDUDODHODER UDFLyQGHHVWHWUDEDMR
5 ()(5(1&,$6%,%/,2*5È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xD@ 3UREOHPDVGH,QWHURSHUDWLYLGDGHQ&25%$ -3HxD5&RUFKXHOR$ 5XL]))HUUHU-RUQDGDV7HFQROyJLFDVGH&iGL]
>6FKRIIQHU@ -DYD6WHSE\6WHS6FDOHDQ$SSOLFDWLRQIURP7ZRWR7KUHH7LHUV ZLWK-'%& 06KRIIQHU -DYD:RUOG,'*VPDJD]LQHIRUWKH-DYDFRPPXQLW\ >6FKXVVHO @ &OLHQW6HUYHU 3DVW 3UHVHQW DQG )XWXUH * 6FKXVVHO ZZZGFLH[SRFRPJHRV >6RIWLV@ 6RIWLV+RPH3DJH ZZZVRIWLVFRP >;HUR[@ $VSHFW2ULHQWHG3URJUDPPLQJ ZZZSDUF[HUR[FRPVSOSURMHFWVDRS >;HUR[@ $VSHFW+RPH3DJH ZZZSDUF[HUR[FRPVSOSURMHFWVDRSDVSHFWM