Apie gėlių, jų spalvų pavadinimus ir kitus dalykus

ABOUT FLOWER, JŲ COLORS DESIGNATIONS IR KITUS It is customary to decorate, care for the home, the environment. Whatever ir the world around us, it is very pleasant, but flowers are not shamed. ar ne be “Flowers — are our good friends in joy and sadness, ir accompanyiir ng us from birth through life, able to silently express the most beautiful human feelings, create a festive mood, healthy environment, give spiritual strength”. ir At the manor houses, especially in the summer gardens of urban residents, even on the balconies of multi-storey houses you can see the most colorful flowers. In the flower beds are still planted from the old common flowers, such as: oats, honeysuckle, jurginy, cattleya, marigolds, ramuniy, tulips, peas ,peas, night-scented nightgowns, nightstands. However, it often happens that grown flowers are called foreign names, although they have beautiful Lithuanian, e.g.: kankalicas, ir kankalijas, French should be called earrings; pineapples, peonies, peonies; Zinnia splendens; the so-called plox or plox should be called phlox; chebatels, chebatuks, bernardins with blue — shoes; profusely flowering balsamic sprigs; mouthpieces with nasturtiums; convalescents should be called hills; asparagus, asparagus, — but medicinal asparagus; beads are called blue. — — ne Of course, you can't count them ir all. Now a wide variety of flowers are brought from abroad, with which you can get acquainted through publications for plant lovers and growers. Large, beautiful books “Flowers”, “Between Flowers”, “Flower Book”, “Garden Flowers”, “House Flowers”, etc. are displayed in the bookstores, magazines “Gėlynas”, “Sodo spalvos”, ir “Mūsų sodai” are published, even books for young gardeners are printed, e.g.: “Gardening Basics”, “My Herbs”, about flowers and garden plants is written in the magazine “Mūsų namai”. Of course, it is necessary to mention the catalogues of the company "Florexlit", which visit many homes, in 1999 Balvočiūtė J, Gudanavičius S. Young florist. London: Light, 1988. P. 3. 98 “Flower Seed Catalogue” published by the company “Biofonas”. The eyes are caught by a multitude of extremely colorful brochures, information leaflets, small catalogues of various companies, which introduce plant seeds, various types of flowers, ornamental su plant seedlings, care products, tools, fertilization methods, compost soil mixtures, etc. jų This article was intended to draw attention to į another aspect of the language of the ir publications mentioned. The most beautiful, strangest flowers are perfectly presented, but, unfortunately, very convenient ne names slip through. Sometimes the sound of these names creates side effects, negative images, such as heliosperma, often a foreign name is not adapted to our leptosifonas. phonetics. iš Ar do we not knit our tongue to pronounce them? Here are some examples: alstromeria, brachycoma, centrodenia, cineraria, dizygotheca, ecremocarpus, eschinanthus, eskoltia, faucaria, godetia, hypocyrta, hortaderia, hutchinsia, hypomeia, cosmidium, nyrembergia, rogersia, salpiglosa, etc. ir These names ir of many other imported flowers would need Lithuanian replacements. Suggestions on how to call beautiful flowers in Lithuanian, which so far are called only by foreign names, could be made only by linguists, but by flower growers, sellers, bouquet makers, etc. ne ir ir To come up with a suitable name, you need to often see flowers before your eyes, watch how they grow, be able to distinguish special qualities. It is worth rememberijų ng the new Lithuanian names of flowers proposed by the linguist Kazimieras Gaivenis. Margalape difenbachia ajeriniy family plant — — K. He calls her Aeryn. Sansevieria, a flower of the lily family, often grown in rooms, with long, fleshy leaves — resembling swords, is proposed to be called sword in Lithuanian. į Hutchinsons, so-called blooms that grow in clumps, could be called clumps. Often grown in rooms, a flower with very decorative leaves is proposed to be called a bunch, but deciduous. ne Abortia is especially decorated with beautiful, lush leaves. In Lithuanian ją it is called margulė. The flower that blooms in flowerbeds early in spring, called erantis by a foreign word, Gaivenis suggests to call spring. The K. flowering stems are small, with small blooms. Its inflorescences are į similar to cones, so 99 the Lithuanian name of the genus could be spurguotė. Sternberg's chlorophyll blooms with small white flowers, but most often they are eye-catching, ne o iš stem tops of growing roots. This flower K. The name is translated as "Lithuanian witch". A lot of flowers already have a good name for many it is known, but, unfortunately, sometimes forgotten. ir For example, the eye is delighted by the blooming chamomile in nurseries and flowerbeds. In the past, the chamomile was only a nursery flower, now grown in rooms. This is why they are called primates. ir The Lithuanian name of gladioli, gladiolus, grown in many countries, is already in place. Flower growers distinguish between ir peony and pineapple, iš although they are in fact different species of one genus. The name pineapple, or peony, derived from the Latin name Paeonia L. Thus, the large head-bowing flowers, which were grown in medicinal gardens, monastery territories, arrived in Lithuania į several hundred years ago, are called peonies. Beautiful flowers of ir the flower bed wilting quite often by flower growers are called the foreign name frieze. Profusely long flowering geranium. ir Ji particularly suitable for flowerbeds, balconies, but another name should be offered snake. Flowers, — especially those that are often grown in flowerbeds, balconies, window sills, are not suitable to be called balsamic, balsamic. The charming flower is called sprige. Until the frost, nursery gardens are decorated with the long-flowering flower tagete, whose Latin iš name is common in various publications. However, 1993 m. "Dictionary of Modern Lithuanian Language" (hereinafter — DLKŽ,) (p. 688) specifying that the aforementioned spicy nursery plant is to be referred to as serentis. — Heliotrope for balconies (only ne eliotrope) flowers smell like vanilla, it has dark, wonderfully colored wrinkled leaves, so it could acquire the name wrinkles. In the common room is showing off from old In Lithuania, a flower of the Aeriaceae family is — grown. Ji also has a Lithuanian name žinginys. The flower window is brightened by cyclamen, which in flower grower magazines is Alpine lighthouse. *Fresh K. We offer several Lithuanian names of flowers // Language culture. Sąs. 69. 1997. P. 46-48. 100 Gerberas can be bought cut, some grow them in pots, so the flowers delight regardless of the time of year. jų Jų are the most varied and colorful. ir Only called herbera, ne but gerbera*. In the previously mentioned publicationir s, single-word titles predominate. Some of the nomenclatural words are simply the names of the genus adapted to the Lithuanian language system, e.g.: achimene, brunfelsia, dipladenia, dipteracant, erantema, esheveria, gardenia, iksora, krosandra, poinsetia, stefanotis, etc. ir The other part of the one-word names are common — language words adapted for this purpose, e.g.: ąsotenis, bajorė, gvaizdūnė, katilėlis, margenis, meilenis, nakviša, rykštene, snaputis, sprigė, sukutis, šilokas, vaistutis, viksvuolė, žvaigždūnė etc. ir It should be noted that į there are a number of compound names, which allow the plant to be called a shorter rather informative word, e.g.: ivy, ir black-grained, wart, pigeonberry, hare-cocktail, lion's foot, pillar rose, white-tailed, rye, sunflower, thick-leaved, sunflower, witch hazel, etc. ir However, a group of compound names made up of several iš words stands out in particular. Composite names are used when you want to distinguish a certain feature, to specify the term, e.g.: leafy cacti, broad-leaved fern, small-flowered cattleya, graceful camedorea, yellow callistemon, fragrant geraniums, etc. ir It is very important that the compound name is grammatically ir correct. It is customary to describe the ar variety of the flower in noun forms, so there must be a yellow lily, but a yellow lily; white pot, but white pot, common rose, but common ne rose, blue wolfberry, but blue wolfberry, as well as common ne sunflower, common lobelia, etc. ne ne ir It is used ir to write ne fragrant daffodil, fragrant nightgowns, but fragrant daffodil, fragrant nightgowns. The name of the genus of the same flower should not vary in different literature, e.g.: lat. Celosia, lit. cellulose, cellulose — should be ce- * Terminology corrections / Liet. k. inst. ; Prepared by K. Gaivenis ir et al. V.: Science, 1992. P. 44. 101 Lyosis; lot. Zephyranthes, lit. zephyrant, zephyrant — should be zephyrant; lot. Hydrangea, leaves. hydrangea, hydrangea. DLKZ, (provided 198) roolasekliniy family gardens or potted shrub called hydrangea. In order to describe plants, the color must be described jo as accurately as possible, so it is į worth paying attention to the methods of color description. Writers about plants often choose suffixes -inis, -ė adjectives that can show similarity to the color of į the object represented by the base word, e.g.: apricot, lilac, orange color; raspberry-colored flowers; gold rings; chestnut middle of the ring; cream petals; carrot shade; brick color; a pink bud; silvery green leaves; beige color; cherry blossom etc. ir Ne only linguists should be interested in frequently occurring comparisons with a specific thing, e.g.: the color of ivory; petals of lemon color; flowers of lemon su yellowness; feathered amber-colored rings; yellowish color of egg yolk; ring center dark blackTheir currant color. Of course, agreement is a big factor, because many of the above mentioned adjectives have a figurative meaning of similarity, e.g.: middle of the golden mean, i.e. su gold-coloured acute. Again, we have to remind the often made, as well as often ir corrected, mistakes in the use of humor. In the publications, ir purpose is incorrectly expressed by the genitive of the verb noun, su e.g.: one of the most beautiful spring plants, suitable for decorating alpinariums (=decorating alpinariums); abundantly flowering plant, suitable for wall gardening (= wall gardening); perennial plant, ideal for bouquets for drying ir (= dried); fruits used for interior and exterior decoration (=for interior and exterior decoration); used for planting borders of flowerbeds (=for flowerbed edges) etc. ir When iš translating other languages literally, new, always ne well-made words and syntactic constructions appear, e.g.: a multitude of spherical kų (=spherical), full-sized small rings; compact (=small, not tall, short-stemmed, dense-leaved) flower, shrub; has large ruffled, yellow petals wide central discs ir (=di102 the middle, the center); dryingfull (=not completely, barely) unfolded flowers; measures against pests (= from pests); traditional lupine significantly (much) improves the color palette. Jau In the "Terminology corrections" it was indicated that the statement evergreen plants should be replaced by the normative name evergreen plants (p. 14), o instead of the compound flowering plants should be used simply flowers (p. 41). Quite often it is informed that a certain flower is suitable for growing in flower beds, garden containers. In the Lithuanian language, the international word container Used in a rather narrow sense — "big box for cargo" (DLKZ, p. 324). Of course, in this case it is not very suitable to change the garden box, because the aforementioned compound tends to describe a certain toolbox, in which garden tools are stored. Instead of a garden container, boxes might be better suited garden pot, potted plant, flower box, etc. ir By the way, the word flower box meaning "box for outdoor planting" is included į DLKZ, (p. 169). The variety of descriptions of the place of flower growing is not inferior to the variety of flowers. In addition to the usual terms flowerbed, flower ir bed, flower pot, etc. Many new names have appeared, e.g.: balcony, window sill bed, flower box, hanging basket, hanging pot, half basket, flower basket, flowerpot, flower wall, (flower) garden tub, flower shelf, flower shelf-stairs (better to call staircase flower shelf). All this helps to reveal the beauty of flowers, makes the environmir ent cozy and pleasant. O we all really to need! Literature 1. Balvočiūtė J.,Gudanavičius S. For the young gelniker. K.: The light, 1988. 2. Dictionary of Botanical Names. V.: Institute of Botany, 1998. 3. Dictionary of Modern Lithuanian / Liet. k. inst. ; Redkol. : S. Keinys (man. red.) ir kt 3-Ciasis patais. ir supplement. I'm sorry. V.: Science ir encyclopedias 1-cla, 1993. 4. Grammar of Modern Lithuanian Language / Red. V. Ambrazas [K. Garšva, A. Girdenis ir et al. ]; Lithuanik. an inst. V.: Science ir encyclopedias I-cla, 1993. 5. Gaivenis K. We offer several Lithuanian names of flowers // Language culture. Sąs. 69. 1997. P. 46-48. 6. Keinys S. The Alphabet of Terminology. V.: Science, 1980. 103 7. Plateliai: monograph. London: Versme, 1999. 8. Dictionary of International Words /Vyr. enciklopedijų red. ; Ats. red. V. Kvietkauskas. V.: VER, 1985. 9. Terminology corrections / Liet. k. inst. ; Prepared by K. Gaivenis et al. V.: Mokslas, 1992. 10.Brief English-Lithuanian and lietuviy—- angly dictionary of plant biology terms /Prepared by Ona Rupainienė. V.: UAB "National Research Center" publishing house, 1998. Dana VAINAUSKIENĖ 104