Prielinksnio tarp konstrukcijos administracinėje lietuvių kalboje

160 BENDRINĖ KALBA | 97 Rasuolė VladaRskienė Lietuvių kalbos institutas ORCHID id: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5725-7796 Research fields: normative linguistics, functional stylistics, sociolinguistics. DOI: https://doi.org/10.35321/bkalba.2024.97.08 pRIELINKsNIO tarp KONstRuKCIjOs ADMINIstRACINĖjE LIEtuvIų KALBOjE esminiai žodžiai: prielinksnis tarp, prielinksninės konstrukcijos, pažymimosios konstrukcijos, administracinė kalba, sintaksė. ANOtACIjA The article examines the use of the preposition between in administrative Lithuanian. Although this prefix is not common, some doubts about its use have arisen due to the influence of English through translations of ES documents. Research has shown that the use of this prefix has increased in documents from the beginning of the 21st century, their use depends on the relatively precisely defined meaning of a certain restriction, surrounding or interrelationship, and normative recommendations are based on this. Administrative language is more characterized by designative constructions, and their use is also related to the possibilities of the descriptive noun to control prepositional constructions between. ABstRACt the article analyses the usage of the preposition tarp in the administrative Lithuanian language. Although this preposition is not common, certain doubts about its usage have arisen due to the influence of English, which comes through translations of documents of the Eu institutions. Research has revealed that the constructions with this preposition became more prevalent in the documents from the early 21st century. their usage depends on a fairly precisely defined meaning of a certain limitation, presence in the middle of something or interrelations, and normative recommendations are based on that as well. Attributive constructions are more characteristic of administrative language, and their usage is also related to the capacity of the modified noun to govern constructions with the preposition tarp. Rasuolė VladaRskienė. Prielinksnio tarp konstrukcijos administracinėje lietuvių kalboje 161 INTRODUCTION Language changes are most clearly seen in the rapid change of vocabulary, while other parts of the language change much more slowly. syntax phenomena lyginant skirtingais šimtmečiais kurtus tekstus. XXI a. pradžioje vertinant only highlight the effect of globalization on the language, it is worth considering the peculiarities of prepositions functioning in the current language. This time, the use of the prefix between in the administrative Lithuanian language was examined more closely by translators of the European Union (EU) institutions, who saw the possible influence of English on the use of this prefix in translated EU documents. Therefore, the article more vių kalboje ypatumai. prielinksnis tarp yra antrinis, nelabai dažnas prielinksnis. Išsamų XX a. pradžios lietuvių kalbos prielinksnių vartojimo aprašą pateikė jonas jablonskis (1928) knygoje „Linksniai ir prielinksniai. jų vartojimas mūsų kalboje“. Rengiant vėlesnius gramatikų aprašus, žodynus, tiriant prielinksnių vartojimą lietuvių kalboje buvo remiamasi šio kalbininko įžvalgomis, jos buvo plečiamos ir tikslinamos. Kadangi šis prielinksnis nėra labai dažnas, thoroughly evaluates the use of the prefix between constructions in administrative Lithuanian. There are also many problems regarding its suitability for use in common language in general, perhaps that is why it has not received much attention from linguistic researchers. The aim of this article is to discuss the semantics of the preposition between constructions, revealed in Lithuanian language dictionaries and other language publications, and recommendations for the use of the preposition between constructions in normative publications, to clarify the specificity of the use of this preposition between constructions in administrative Lithuanian language. To achieve the aim of the article, the following tasks are set: after reviewing the descriptions of the preposition between in Lithuanian language dictionaries and other language publications, to clarify the semantics of this mo motyvus dėl tarp vartosenos kalbos norminamuosiuose leidiniuose; preposition; analyze recommendations and their provisionusing semantic, syntactic, quantitative analysis methods to clarify changes in the use of preposition between constructions, semantic characteristics and recommendations for use. research methods – semantic, syntactic, quantitative analysis. Sources of the research – legislation and other documents published in the register of legislative acts (hereinafter – tAR), Lithuanian translations of documents published in the European Union law portal EUr-lex. The usage of the last five years (2018–2023) was examined, and the Contemporary Lithuanian Language Textbook (hereinafter – CLT) was used to create a general picture. 162 GENERAL LANGUAGE | 97 The relevance of the study is revealed by the need to clarify the changes in the current administrative language, which affects the language of translated ES documents. In Lithuanian grammar (LKG III, DLKG) prepositional inter-constructions are described as being capable of entering into verb compounds and denoting place, limited time and object, noun compounds with prepositional inter-constructions are discussed separately in LKG, constructions of action names (also with prepositions) were examined in detail by jurgis pakerys (2006), synonymic possibilities of prepositional constructions were thoroughly analyzed by Elena valiulytė (1998). Konkrečiai ir tiksliai prielinksnio tarp reikšmės apibūdinamos LKže ir DLKž8e. Abiejuose žodynuose skiriamos 8-ios šio prielinksnio reikšmės. DLKž8e rašoma, kad prielinksnis tarp vartojamas žymint: 1. vietą, ribojamą dviejų objektų: Pastatė kėdę t. spintos ir lango. Kelias t. Vilniaus ir Kauno. Stovi t. durų (durų angoje). 2. vietą, esančią daugelio vienarūšių daiktų viduje, jų apsuptyje: Laivas įstrigo t. ledų. Gyvename t. miškų. 3. laiką, ribot of two moments: T. first and third hour of the night. 4. limits of possible deviations: Their number varies between five and ten. 5. the relationships of similarity, difference, contradiction, etc.: T. there are many of them in common. Peace of the Nations. 6. mutual actions: consulted t. self. T. as we speak. There was a dispute. 7. shareholders: Divide the property i.e. heirs. 8. persons with whom permanent contacts are maintained: He lives t. artists. They're all journalists. Similar meanings are given in LKže, here it is stated that the preposition between the construction can indicate the presence or action taking place in a place limited by some objects; homogeneous objects or persons surrounding the action; a group of objects or persons, from which something stands out in some respect; related persons communicating with each other; comparable, similar persons, objects or phenomena; the limits of possible extremes; time period. Similar, but more generalized meanings of the preposition under consideration are distinguished by jonas Šukys (1998: 512–517). The linguist states that constructions of three meanings – place, time, quantity – are related to restrictions, less often a special meaning of the way (e.g., to write between brackets), as well as constructions can mean objects between which Rasuolė VladaRskienė. Prielinksnio tarp konstrukcijos administracinėje lietuvių kalboje 163 there is a discrepancy or communication, and prepositional constructions of all meanings, describing a noun, become indicative. A more systematic description of the meaning of the prefix between is given in Kp s2 (2003: 107). 4 values: place, time, quantity and object. but separately consider three nuances of the meaning of the place of the preposition: 1) between several objects (for example, put a chair between a closet and a window); 2) surrounded by whom (for example, I spent my life among books); 3) with a friend's shade (for example, there was a discontent among the gathered); It is emphasized that the time represented by the prepositional construction is limited by two moments, the quantity is also limited by certain quantities, and the value of the object is described as the value of the interrelationship of objects. From the descriptions of the prefix between the meanings it is clear that this prefix in Lithuanian language most often denotes various circumstances, limited by certain sizes or indicating the surroundings, as well as an object, denoting mutual relations. The characteristic semantics of this prefix are “a certain limitation”, “enclosure” or “interrelationship”. In the opinion of J. Šukis (1998: 512), “[B]he general meaning of the preposition between is the presence of something limited, surrounding. Together with the nobleman and the word that controls this construction, between acquires more specific meanings." This generalization could be further clarified by the fact that the constructions of the prefix in question are used only when it is necessary to indicate the interface or interaction of two or more objects. 2. RECOMMENDATIONS ON THE INTERVAL BETWEEN USE OF CONSTRUCTIONS According to E. The development of prepositional norming is presented in the “Language Advice” (Kpe) section of the website “Lietuvių kalbos” (Lithuanian language), it is clear that the first corrections of the prepositional between construction were Kpp2 (1985). The current recommendations are most clearly formulated in Kp s2 (2003: 109), which lists three verbs with which the preposition between cannot be used to denote an object: išsiskirti tarp ko (= be different from what), e.g. : He clearly wanted to stand out among them (= from them); choose between what (= choose from what), e.g. : You will have to choose between several proposals (= from several (pa)proposals) one; differ between what (= differ from what), e.g. : It differs among all (= from all). And to divide between what is considered as an avoidable construction, e.g. : Distribution of aid to the affected population has begun (– affected population). Considering that one of the authors of the booklet quoted is J. Šukys, it is not surprising that similar 164 GENERAL LANGUAGE | 97 The recommendations for use are also given in this linguist’s book (Šukys 1998: 516). true, there are more corrections in this publication, but they are not relevant to the use of administrative language. dinys was prepared1, in the administrative language there were no major problems with the preposition between use. The appropriateness of this prefix in KancKp prielinksnio tarp konstrukcijų taisymų nėra, matyt, kai šis leithe titles of the treaties and agreements was subsequently questioned by the translators of the EU institutions, who perceived the possible influence of the English language, so that the construction of the prefix between was inevitably included in the CAA: ‘A Treaty establishing a European Stability Mechanism is concluded between the Kingdom of Belgium, the Federal Republic of Germany, the Republic of Estonia, Ireland … and the Republic of Finland (‘the Treaty establishing the European Stability Mechanism between the Kingdom of Belgium, the Federal Republic of Germany, the Republic of Estonia, Ireland … and the Republic of Finland’); plg. angl. <...> the Treaty <...> between the Kingdom of Belgium, the Federal Republic of Germany, the Republic of Estonia, Ireland <...> and the Republic of Finland. The documents governing the language of the es-legislative acts stipulate that the title of the document translates not the contract between, but the contract of whom.’ Based on the recommendations of the already discussed publications providing language norms, formulated taking into account the meanings of the prefix described in the dictionaries and distinguished characteristic semas, and AKA was recommended to avoid the prefix between constructions in certain cases, e.g. : a) avoid directional markings, e.g. : Employees commuting between Sweden and Denmark (–from Denmark to Sweden and from Sweden to Denmark; to Sweden and to Denmark); Applications for travel expenses of a local assistant between Parliament’s three places of work are submitted to the relevant Secretariat unit prior to the start of the mission; (b) the choice between is not given because the verb from which it is made is considered as such, e.g. : Second language choice between (=from) three languages; The choice between domestic and imported products is not limited and depends only on commercial considerations. c) avoiding the use of the noun combination exchange of data between, e.g. : Exchange of data on pharmacovigilance errors leading to adverse reactions, including data exchange between competent pharmacovigilance and patient safety authorities (–including data exchange between competent pharmacovigilance and patient safety authorities). 1 The first edition of KancKp appeared in 1993. Rasuolė VladaRskienė. Prielinksnio tarp konstrukcijos administracinėje lietuvių kalboje 165 taigi, kaip matyti, norminamosios rekomendacijos paremtos 1-ame skyThe article examines the relationship between semantics and the ability to form constructions, mainly recommending to correct the incorrectly marked object. In translations of es documents, doubtful constructions of local (more precisely, directional) meaning with verbs (drive, carry, etc.) or the reikšmės atspalvį turinčios pažymimosios konstrukcijos. 3. pRIELINKsNIO tarp KONstRuKCIjų vARtOjIMO ypAtuMAI ADMINIstRACINĖjE KALBOjE Šiame skyriuje nuodugniau analizuojami prielinksnio tarp vartojimo ypasame meaning in administrative language arise. By comparing different periods, the frequency of use is discussed, which meanings of the examined construction are characteristic of administrative language are determined, the structure and semantics of the designative constructions are clarified, as well as their competition with other means of expression. 3.1. Frequency and meaning of the prefix between constructions The MRL data suggest that the prefix between constructions is more common in other areas of language use than in administrative language (see. Table 1). TABLE 1. Preposition between use DLKt Source: http://tekstynas.vdu.lt/tekstynas/advanced.search. therefore, according to MRL data, among publications used 10 times more often than in administrative literature. This could be due to its rather strictly defined meaning, usually suitable for indicating specific things, the preposition tussen is not very suitable for general expression in administrative language, although very useful when it is necessary to define a precisely limited place of action. 166 GENERAL LANGUAGE | 97 As mentioned above, the use of the preposition between in the administrative language at the end of the 20th century did not cause major problems, therefore, in order to find out whether, among other reasons, this could be due to its infrequent use, the frequency of its use was determined. to this end, documents published by the RIAs in different 2 LENtELĖ. prielinksnio tarp konstrukcijų vartojimas tAR paskelbtuose dokuperiods were compared (see Table 2). mentuose Number of Documents with documents the date of between construction published adoption prefix skaičius santykis, proc. 1993-01-01–1997-12-31 18 135 1 590 8,8 2023-01-01–2023-09-01 18 018 3 665 20,3 The data in Table 2 show that over the past 30 years the number of prepositions between constructions in the administrative Lithuanian language has increased more than twice. Of course, these are only approximate data, because the number of documents was counted, and not tikrai ryškus, todėl galima teigti, kad XXI a. pradžioje prielinksnio tarp konstrukcijos vartojamos dažniau nei XX a. pabaigoje. viena iš konstrukcijų pagausėjimo priežasčių galėtų būti ir konstrukcijų semantika, nes jomis dažniausiai administracinėje kalboje žymima objektų tarpusavio sąveika ar sąsaja, o tokių reglamentuojamų atvejų ypač padaugėjo Lietuvai įstojus į Es – dėl plataus bendradarbiavimo tenka tiksliai nustatyti ir apibūdinti įvairių objektų ar subjektų santykius. the cases of use (the AR does not provide them), but the tendency to clarify the meanings of the prefix between constructions in the current administrative Lithuanian language was examined the use of these constructions in documents published by the AR, adopted from 2018-01-01 to 2023-09-012. In order to determine the frequency of the prefix between the constructions in documents, cases of these constructions were used in 1000 documents published by the AR (2023-06-14– 2023-09-01) (see table 3). 2 The examples cited are accompanied by the date of publication tAR, which may be later than the date of adoption of the document. Rasuolė VladaRskienė. Prielinksnio tarp konstrukcijos administracinėje lietuvių kalboje 167 TABLE 3. the meaning of the prefix tAR between constructions in published documents SignificaFrequennce cy Circumstance indicating structures Explanatory sentence parts with construction between them Total space Time units 370 207 51 Iš 1445 225 2298 % 16 9 2 63 10 100 The documents examined show that in the administrative language, the term nio tarp konstrukcijos, įeinančios į veiksmažodinius junginius, gali būti vartojamos šiomis reikšmėmis: 1) objekto, pvz.: Taip pat tarpininkaujama tarp gyventojo ir šeimos narių, giminaičių, draugų atkuriant arba palaikant ryšius tAR, 2023-06-19, Nr. 12125; <…> įmonė yra nedidelė, turinti ribotus resursus, personalo trūkumą, informaciją reikia derinti tarp skirtingose valstybėse esančių sub “subjects” is used to refer to <…> tAR, 2023-09-07, No. 17697; Similarly, this method is applicable to the distribution of the loss arising from controlled transactions among associated persons, if such loss would also be distributed among unassociated persons tAR, 2020-10-22, No. 21932. Table 3 shows that this is a rather typical meaning for the administrative language, such cases among other prepositional constructions account for about 15%. ; 2) location, e.g. : Between the point and the digit of the sub-point and after the sub-point, dots are placed tAR, 2023-05-15, No. 9138; According to Article 10, paragraph 5, point 4 of the Law on the Land Remaining to the Republic of Lithuania, state land plots are sold without auction, if they are inserted between private land plots and do not exceed the size established by the Government, to the owners of these plots tAR, 2022-12-23, No. 26536; The city of Telšiai has the lowest unemployment rate among the areas examined, therefore it can be said that the city has sufficiently favourable conditions for working <…> tAR, 2023-09-07, No. 17729. Structures with a local dimension account for about 9 % of uses (see Table 3); 3) time, e.g. : In urgent cases between sessions of the Seimas, such a decision must be taken within the teisę priimti Respublikos Prezidentas, kartu šaukdamas neeilinę Seimo seframework of the discussion of this issue GA, 2022-12-23, No. 26607; Between sessions, current issues may be discussed and the opinion of the members of the commission expressed. 168 GENERAL LANGUAGE | 97 kiama by e-mail tAR, 2022-05-02, No. 9115, such usage was found in the least number of cases, only about 2% (see table 3). The structures of these prepositions between the meanings, when describing nouns, become indicative, about their peculiarities in the administrative language are written in subsequent subsections. This value is most typical of the administrative language, which was found in about 63% of the cases (see Table 3). This is a special feature of administrative language, due to the specificity of this area of use: administrative language is characterized by noun expression, because it is often necessary to describe not specific, but generalized regulated actions or their circumstances. The explanatory parts of the sentence with introductory words between them are particularly characteristic of administrative language, it is a standard formulation that allows to clarify the scope of the described concept. it accounts for about 10 % of the investigated uses (see Table 3), e.g. : Employees of the municipal administration (including workers), taking into account the complexity, scope and nature of the functions or tasks performed, may be awarded the following premiums GA, 2023-01-11, No. 505; The procurement organiser must specify in the application for the task: <...> requirements for the qualification of suppliers, including requirements for individual suppliers submitting a joint application or tender <...> GA, 2023-01-13, No. 685. tAR documents found only a few cases of non-normative inter-use in verb conjunctions, e.g.: <…> the purpose of reorganization – to improve the efficiency of the budgetary institution’s activities and management, administration and quality of services provided, to rationally distribute functions (–functions for institutions) between institutions <...> tAR, 2020-01-31, No. 2157; <…> it was not determined how the share of common use should be distributed among co-owners (–co-owners), making it possible for the latter to buy it tAR, 2022-12-29, No. 27194; Able student – a person studying in a general education school, talented, motivated, having special abilities and distinguishing by their achievements among (=from) similar experience and environment peers in the republic or international olympiads tAR, 2023-09-01, No. 17253. The structure and semantics of the designative constructions of the preposition in administrative language differs in that more than half of the use cases (63%) are made up of designative constructions, i.e. constructs describing nouns. Noun compounds with preposition between constructions consist of a main focus, a preposition between and a dependent focus, e.g., cooperation between departments. dependency point must be either plural tAR – register Rasuolė VladaRskienė. Prielinksnio tarp konstrukcijos administracinėje lietuvių kalboje 175 KancKp 2021 – Kanceliarinės kalbos patarimai (online edition), edited by pranas Kniūkšta, Vilnius: Lithuanian Language Institute. access on the Internet: http:// kanceliariniaipatarimai.lki.lt/. DLKt – Textbook of Contemporary Lithuanian Language. Internet access: http://tekstynas.vdu.lt/tekstynas/. of legal acts of the Republic of Lithuania. Internet access: https:// www.e-tar.lt/portal/lt/index. LItERAtŪRA DLKG 2006 – Dabartinės lietuvių kalbos gramatika, red. v. Ambrazas, vilnius: Mokslo ir enciklopedijų leidybos centras. DLKž8e – Dabartinės lietuvių kalbos žodynas (internetinis), vyr. red. s. Keinys, 8-as patais. ir papild. leid., vilnius: Lietuvių kalbos institutas, 2021. prieiga internete: https://ekalba.lt/dabartines-lietuviu-kalbos-zodynas/. jablonskis jonas 1928: Rygiškių jono „Linksniai ir prielinksniai. jų vartojimas mūsų kalboje“, Kaunas: „sakalo“ B-vės leidinys. Kniūkšta pranas 2005: Administracinė kalba ir jos vartosena, vilnius: Lietuvių kalbos institutas. Kpe– Kalbos patarimai. prieiga internete: https://ekalba.lt/kalbos-patarimai/. Kpp2 – Kalbos praktikos patarimai, sud. Aldonas pupkis, vyr. red. Z. Zinkevičius, 2-as patais. ir papild. leidimas, vilnius: Mokslas, 1985. Kp s2 – Kalbos patarimai 2: Sintaksė: Prielinksnių ir polinksnių vartojimas (s2), sud. R. Miliūnaitė, teksto aut. Aldonas pupkis, jonas Šukys, vilnius: Mokslo ir enciklopedijų leidybos institutas, 2003. LKG III – Lietuvių kalbos gramatika 3: Sintaksė, vyr. red. K. ulvydas, v. Ambrazas, A. valeckienė, vilnius: Mokslas, 1976. LKže – Lietuvių kalbos žodynas, 1–20 (1941–2002), red. kolegija G. Naktinienė, j. paulauskas, R. petrokienė, v. vitkauskas, j. Zabarskaitė, vyr. red. G. Naktinienė, e. variantas, vilnius: Lietuvių kalbos institutas, 2008 (atnaujinta versija, 2018). prieiga internete: https://ekalba.lt/lietuviu-kalbos-zodynas. pakerys jurgis 2006: veiksmo pavadinimo konstrukcija lietuvių kalbos gramatikoje. – Daiktavardinio junginio tyrimai, red. Axel Holvoet, Rolandas Mikulskas, vilnius: Lietuvių kalbos instituto leidykla. Šukys jonas 1998: Lietuvių kalbos linksniai ir prielinksniai: vartosena ir normos, Kaunas: Šviesa. valiulytė Elena 1998: Dabartinės lietuvių kalbos sintaksiniai sinonimai, vilnius: Mokslo ir enciklopedijų leidybos institutas. Gauta 2023-12-15 priimta 2024-03-09 176 BENDRINĖ KALBA | 97 Rasuolė VladaRskienė CONstRuCtIONs wItH pREpOsItION tarp IN ADMINIstRAtIvE LItHuANIAN LANGuAGE summary the article examines the peculiarities of using constructions with the preposition tarp in the administrative Lithuanian language. the aim of the article is to discuss the semantics of constructions with the preposition tarp, as revealed in Lithuanian dictionaries and other language publications, as well as the recommendations regarding the usage of tarp in normative language publications, in order to clarify the specificities of using these prepositional constructions in the administrative Lithuanian language. the sources of the research include legal acts and other documents published in the Register of Legal Acts and the Lithuanian translations of documents available on the official website of the Eu law Eurlex. the usage from the last five years (2018–2023) is investigated. Referring to the descriptions from dictionaries, grammars and other language publications, the general meaning of the preposition tarp implies limitation, presence between something or relationship between objects. Constructions with this preposition are used when it is necessary to denote a connection or relationships between two or more objects. Normative recommendations are based on the semantics of the preposition tarp and the capacity to form constructions; most recommendations focus on correcting an improperly modified object. the translations of documents from the Eu institutions also include questionable constructions with verbs (važinėti, vežioti, etc.) expressing place (to be more precise, direction) or attributive constructions with a similar shade of meaning. the research revealed that over approximately 30 years, the usage of constructions with the preposition tarp has more than doubled in the administrative Lithuanian language. the analysed usage of constructions with the preposition tarp suggests that attributive constructions make up more than half of the cases. this is because noun expression is characteristic of administrative language, as it is often required to describe not specific but generalized actions, which are being regulated. Additionally, tarp is used in the meaning of place, time, and object. Explanatory parts of the sentence introduced by the words tarp jų are especially common in administrative language; it is a standard formulation that allows us to clarify the scope of the concept being described. Constructions with the preposition tarp can compete with other forms of expression, especially with genitive constructions. which of the competing constructions is selected depends on whether the phrase is not the title of a docu- Rasuolė VladaRskienė. Prielinksnio tarp konstrukcijos administracinėje lietuvių kalboje 177 ment and what the sentence structure is. to ensure clarity and fluency, it is advisable to avoid modifying a single noun with two different prepositional constructions. keywoRds: preposition tarp, prepositional constructions, attributive constructions, administrative language, syntax. RAsuOLĖ vLADARsKIENĖ Lietuvių kalbos institutas petro vileišio g. 5, Lt-10308 vilnius [email protected] Rasuolė VladaRskienė pRIELINKsNIO tarp KONstRuKCIjOs ADMINIstRACINĖjE LIEtuvIų KALBOjE santrauka straipsnyje nagrinėjami prielinksnio tarp konstrukcijų vartojimo ypatumai administracinėje lietuvių kalboje. straipsnio tikslas – aptarus prielinksnio tarp konstrukcijų semantiką, atskleistą lietuvių kalbos žodynuose bei kituose kalbos leidiniuose, ir rekomendacijas dėl tarp vartosenos kalbos norminamuosiuose leidiniuose išsiaiškinti šio prielinksnio konstrukcijų vartojimo savitumą administracinėje lietuvių kalboje. tyrimo šaltiniai – teisės aktai ir kiti dokumentai, paskelbti teisės aktų registre, ir Europos sąjungos teisės portale EUr-lex paskelbti dokumentų lietuviški vertimai. tirta pastarųjų penkerių (2018–2023) metų vartosena. Remiantis žodynų, gramatikų ir kitų kalbos leidinių aprašais, bendroji prielinksnio tarp reikšmė – buvimas ribojamam, supamam ko nors, objektų tarpusavio santykių reiškimas. Šio prielinksnio konstrukcijos vartojamos tada, kai reikia pažymėti dviejų ar daugiau objektų sąsają ar santykius. Norminamosios rekomendacijos paremtos prielinksnio tarp semantika ir galimybe sudaryti konstrukcijas, daugiausia rekomenduojama taisyti netinkamai žymimą objektą. Es dokumentų vertimuose atsiranda ir abejotinos vietos (tiksliau, krypties) reikšmės konstrukcijų su veiksmažodžiais (važinėti, vežioti ir pan.) ar tokį pat reikšmės atspalvį turinčių pažymimųjų konstrukcijų. The study revealed that in the administrative Lithuanian language, the number of prepositions between constructions has increased more than twice over the past 30 years. The study of the use of the preposition between constructions shows that more than half of the cases of use consist of designative constructions, in the administrative language the noun 178 GENERAL LANGUAGE | 97 The nominal expression is often needed to describe generalised regulated actions. as well as between used in the meaning of place, time and object. The explanatory parts of the sentence with introductory words between them are particularly characteristic of administrative language, it is a standard formulation that allows to clarify the scope of the described concept. prefix between constructions can compete with different expressions, especially with noble compounds. one of the competitors may be chosen depending on whether the compound is the title of the document, as well as on the structure of the sentence, and for the sake of clarity and fluidity, it should be avoided to describe the same noun with two different prefix constructions. esminiai žodžiai: prielinksnis tarp, prielinksninės konstrukcijos, pažymimosios konstrukcijos, administracinė kalba, sintaksė. RAsuOLĖ vLADARsKIENĖ Lietuvių kalbos institutas petro vileišio g. 5, Lt-10308 vilnius [email protected]