Аббревиатуры в научной терминологии

MOKSLO KALBOS KULTUROS IR TERMINOLOGIJOS PROBLEMOS LIETUVIU KALBOTYROS KLAUSIMAI, XXIV(1985) JIAPHCA ®POJIOBHA KAXOBCKAS ABBPEBHATYPbI B HAYYHOM TEPMUHOJIOrHH TIpoaxyKtusuoctn a66peBuatypHoro cnocoba CNOBOOOpa30BaHHA H AaKTHBHO€ HCNOMb3OBaHHe COKPalleHHEIX e2HHH BO BCex ccepax oOmecrBennoit ACATCMPHOCTH ABJAIOTCA HEOCIIOPHMBIM aKTOM B COBPeMeHHEIX A3bIKaX, AGOpeBuatypH, GyLyyH BeCcbMa SKOHOMHEIMU B MaHe BbIPaKeHHA, OOMaLalor BBICOKOH YAaCTOTHOCTHIO B TeKCTaX pasaH4HOTO XapakTepa, 4TO HepesKO BeACT K NepeHachilleHHio TeKCTa COKPalleCHHBIMH COBAMH H BHISEIBACT 3aKOHHbl€ BOSpaxeHHA ASbIKOBeAOB. OLHAKO MpaBOMepHLIMM MoryT cuNTaTSCA NHMIb BOSPaxKeHHA NO HCMOJb3ORaHHIO ab6peBNaTyp, HO He To cyllecTBy cmoco6a a66pesuauun. Hosbie copa, cosanuEe aOOpeBuaTypHEIM Crloco6om, y2xKe JOBO.bHO AuMTeIbHOe BPeMA MONOMHAIOT OOLLCCTBREHHO-OAHTHYeCKy JIeKCHKY MHOTHX a3bikoB. MeHHO STOT paspaz cOB HM NOABepraeTcH UccMELORAHMIO mpex ze Bcero MPM HCHOMb3OBaHHH B KayecTBe HCTOUHHKa cbaKTHYecKOrO MaTepnasa u3naHHi Tepnozuueckoi neyatu. B ocHosuom Ha 6a3e oGtecTReHHO-no.wHTHYCCKOH JIeKCHKH BBITONHeH pax MHTepecHEIx ucceLOBaHHii, B KOTOpBIX aOOpeBualiua He TOKO YYUTHIBAeTCH Kak OHH H3 (akTOpos pasBuTus ABbIKa, HO MOMBepraloTcn eTaJIbHOMy H3y4eHHIO CaMH COKpalleHus. B paborax 7. VW. Anexceesa, B. B. Bopucosa, H. B. Taya, B. A. Unxosuya, P. MW. Morunescxoro, JI. K. Tlapnosckoli un Apyrux a66pesuatypst paccmaTpHBaioTca Kak B CHHXPOHH4eCKOM, Tak H B JHaXPOHH4¥eCKOM IWIaHe, Kak B CHCTeMe OHOrO ASbIKa, TAK H B COMOCTABeCHHU MaTepHata HeCKOJIBKUX S3bIKOB, H3y4aeTcH ucTOpHa aOOpeBuaTyp, MecTO H pOsb HX B Cpexe Apyrux caOBapHEIX €1HHHU, HX CTPyKTYpa M 3aBHCHMOCTH OT MpoMsBOLAMero KOMMaeKca. XapakTepHoii ocoGenHocTHO coBpeMenHO! adGpeBHaluN ABAAeTCA BCe 60Jee IlMpoKoOe MpHMeHeHHe aTOrO cnocoba WepHBalHH Aa OOpasoBaHus TepMHHOB Pa3JIHUHBIX OTpacdel HayKH, TeXHHKH HM MponsBorcTBa. B orsenax Hay4HO-TeXHH4eCKOH HHOpMalluH, B peLaKWHOHHOL npakTHKe BOW B OOHXO CHHCKH COKpalleHuli pasnu4HOl CTPpyKTYPbI, B KOTOPBIX pacwiHdpoBblBaeTca 3HaueHHe aOOpeBuatyp. Bugumo, cyulecrByeT HacyllHad HeOOxosHMOCTb He TOJbKO B CO3aHHH CNOBapelt COKpalleHHit ONPeAeeCHHEIX ASbIKOB, HO M B COCTaBJeHHH CielHaNM3HpOBaHHbIX TEPMHHOMOTMYeCKHX CAOBapel Hu CIpaBOYHHKOB COKPalleHHEIX COB. Visyyenne a6Opesuatyp-repMuHOB MOXKET AaTb HeKOTOPHe onomHHTeWTbHbl€ CBECHHA O CBOMCTBAX COKPaleHHEIX COB H B aciekTe Hx O6pasoBanua, ¥ 110 HCIOb3OBaHHWO AX B HaydHOH WHTepatype. 79 Wutexcusyomy mpumenenuio adOpeBuannn npu coszannn COB-T@pMHHOB cnoco6crByi0r, BO-lepBEIX, HeKOTOpBie HHTPaJIMHPBUCTHYeCKHe saKkTOpHI: TeHACHUMA K SKOHOMHM ASHIKOBEIX cpescTB, acHMMeTpPHA BO BpeMeHH 3ByYaHHA H BOCHPHATHA SHAYeHUA, HepaBHOMepHOCTD Pacnpexenenun HHpopmaunn B Mpeelax OTpeskoB peyn, HHbopmalMonHas H3ObITOYHOCTh ASKIKOBBIX COO6WeHHii HT. 2. AKTHBHOe ucnomb30BaHHe adOpeBuatyp OObacHsetcs, BO-BTOPBIX, HX OTJHMUTCIBHBIMH CBOHCTBAMH: a) Oy uw Ty xe HHopMayHio coKpamenue COCOOHO MepexaBaTD nocpexcTBoM MeHBIero KOJIMYCCTBA 3HaKOB, 4eM coOTHOCHTEIbHOe CIOBOCOYeTAaHHe; 6) MeKCeMBI, Ha OcHOBe KOTOPBIX cO3aHbl SI€MeHTHI abOpeBuatyp, cyulecTByIOT B A3EIKe CaMOCTOATeNbHO; HaGbIOLa- €TCH COOTHECeHHe YCe4eHHBIX KOMMOHEHTOB c OMpeAeCHHBIMH COBAaMH B MOMCHT epuBallun, OANaKO NapastenbHaa cooTHeCeHHOCTD 1 Bcero cOKpaWeHHA H HCXOAHOTO cmOBOCOUeTAHHA cC eHOTATOM B TepHod yHKuHOHUpoBaHHA; B) aOOpeBuatypy um cooTHOCHTeADHBIE CHHTarMbI HepeAKoO ucnovtb3yJoTCH MapaseIbHO B TeyeHHe BCero BpeMeHH cyllecTBOBaHHA coKpalenna, 4TO SHaYHTeIbHO PaclupseT cchepy cHHOHMMUH. Ha6sogenna MOKasbIBaloT, YTO aGOpeBHaTyppI, KaK MpaBHO, cnoco6HEt CHHOHUMHYCCKH HCHOMb3OBaTBCH B ped c HCXOAHBIM (HJIH COOTHOCHTeIbHBIM) CHOBOCOYeTaHHeM, C onpeneneHHoli opmoii onopHoro copa (caoB) u, HaKOHL, C e€KCeMOli, IpoHsBOAHOL OT ONOPHOrO HIM OCHOBHOrO cMEICAOHecymero cioBa, Hamp.: A)K— apounaa ovecreaa Kpens — apouxan Kpens; AZC — asTosanpasouwnan cTaxyun —sanpaexa; PJIT — PakeTHoli Osueatens reepdoz0 Tonauea— PakerHolt Oeueaters; CBY — camoxodxnaa Oypoeaa ycraHo6Ka — camoxoOka. IIpumenenue SJIEMCHTAPHEIX NPHEMOB MCHXOAMHTBHCTHTeCKOPO aHawH3a cBuJeTemLCTBYeT, YTO B OOmACTH oOulecTBeHHO-nowHTHYeckoii TepMuHosoruu, Hamp., or 60 20 80% unopmantos upn urennu texcra © COKpallleHHbIMH CIOBAMH MpOYHTHIBaIOT HU OcOsHaloT aO6pepuatypy Kak CaMOCTOATeIbHOe COBO, OT 4 fo 30% —Ha mecte CoKpalleHus uctompsyf0T ONOPHOe COBO HJM MpOHSBOLHOe OT Hero u OT 4 Jo 17% yuacrHuKos 9xcTepuMeHTa 4HTaIOT Ha MecTe aO6peBuatypHI ucxomHOe MOJIHOe cOBOCOKeTanue. Pacnpezenenue cuHonumuyeckux Map 3aBHCHT OT MHOrHX ycuoBuil, B TOM 4HCle H OT cheps ucHObsOBaHua. TaK, B PasroBopHon peyn npeod- ‘lanaeT ynorpe6menve B KayecTBe CHHOHHMOB COKpalleHHOrO coBa H ceMAHTH4ecKOrO KOHAeHCaTa Tuna CamOxXOOKA, sanpaeKa; B chepe puxcannn (cheuHanbHaa Haya auTepatypa, lepHomquyeckasd neyaTh) abOpesuatypsl, Kak MPaBHJO, HCHOMSylOTCA NapadebHO C HCXOAHBIM NOAHEIM cnoBocoueTanuem. Mcnomb3opanuio a66pesnatypHuix cB B HaywHOH TepMuHOsorun, HOHHMAHHIO HX OOJbINHM YHCIOM HocuTeneH a3HIKa B 3HAaUHTeNBHOL cTeneHM cnlocoOcrByer ynotpeGurenbuocTs (cpeanas MOBTOpAeMOCTh) coKpamieuni, cp.: ACY, KIJI (u nd), JI9IT, no AITB (aBToMaTHyeckoe noBTopHoe BKo4enHe), CO (uHepunanbuaa cuctrema orcueta), TMK (teopus maccoBOH KOMMYHHKallHH) Hf Ap. 80 B pa3MuHbIx O6nacTaAx A3bIKa HaykKu BcTpeyaloTcs COKpallleHHble copa BCeX HSBeCTHBIX THIOB, Halp.: HHMUMaNbHble aGOpeBuatypbI GyKBeHHOrO u sBykoBoro oxtranos—AMC, APH, OCT (rexu.): HC, TA, GE (AMHTB.) ; CHOTOBbIe COKPallleHHA BUHUNAACT, 2ABCAaN, napceK; cmeuIaHHEIe — mMoneKC (moaekysapHoe cuto), ITPOCAB (nporupocamounetuaa apuannonnad 6oM6a), paduoxun (payuoKomnapuposanue u neweHrauua) u ap. Jlona cmentanHBIX aO%peBHaTYp, B KOTOPBIX HHMUMANbHbIe 4acTH coeAMHAIOTCH CO cmoroBBIMH YCeYeCHHAMH, HeBeNHKa B OOlei Macce TepMHHOB-coxpamenuit. KaKOH-J1N60 34KOHOMepHOCTH B HX HCHOb3OBaHHM He ycTaHoBmeHO. Oco6piii uuTepec BEISLIBaloT TepMHHEI, MIpeAcTaBlsiollne coboH coKpaiieHHe ONpeeueHHOH YaCTH HCXOMHOTO CMOBOCOYeTAHHA TPH T101HOM .OCHOBHOM cope. IIpumepbl TaKHX COB, Ha3bIBaeMEIX YacTHYHO COKPalleHHBIMH, HeNOAHLIMH, M€PeXOAHBIMH H T. 1., WHPOKO H3BECTHBI B A3bIKe (I'naenec, TocTenepaduo, eudponomoa ut Up.). Asbiky HayKn cBOlicTBeHHO Ocob0e cbopmaubHoe BbIpaxkeHve OTMe4eHHOTO THNa aOGpeBuatyp, Hanp.: BY-cuenanoi, HCaxanus, HY-cuenaaol, YBY-repanua. CBoeo6pasue 3akm0uaeTca B TOM, 4TO Take COKpallleHHA OObIYHO uMeIOT AeducHOe HanucaHue c HavambHON MAHWMaNbHOH YaCTbIO H CHOCOOHEI TpaHciopMupoBaTECa B COBOCOueTAHNA pa3- ‘MYHOTO COCTaBa, CP.: BblCOKOYACTOTHOLe CueHaAbI, AHAAUZ NO HenOcpedcTeeHHO COCTdBARIOUWUM, Tepanua Cc UCnNOAbZOBaHUeM YAbTPaBbICOKOi “aAcTOTOl. TepMunoworuyeckHe coxpatienua Tuna AT-Oeueareno, YBY-repanus cnenyeT pacCMaTpuBaTb B KaveCTBe CNOKHBIX COB HIM BIOPHYHEIX aOOpeBuatypHbIX OOpasoBanH. TlopropHoe npuMeHeHue cnoco6a 266pesuanuu (Hamp.: 1) yaerpaBbicokan uacrota—>YBY—2) Tepanua c ucnonb30BaHHeM YBU—-+YB4¥-repanus) npuBoquT K NoaBAeHMIO B Hay4HO TepmMunonorHH coKpallleHuii c aTpHOyTHBHOH YaCcTbIO, YTO MOxeT OBITS KBaHduNMpOBaHO KaK BOSHHKHOBeHHe aOOpeBnatyp-npuaaraTembubIx!. Llenecoo6pasuee, OHaKO, CHHTATb, YTO ATPHOYTHBHEIH KOMMOHCHT OKAa3bIBaeTCH B COCTaBe HOBOro C0Ba B pesyJbTaTe cNORKeHHA HIM abOpepuaunu. B HayyHOH TepmuHOJOTHH CHCTeMaTHYeCKH TpocmexuBaeTCA co3sqaHHe cOKpaleHuli, o6pa3oBaHHBIX NO MOJe@M C NOBTOPAIOMMMUCA BEIYICHACMBIMH KOMMOHCHTAMH, KOrMa K yCe¥eHHIO OCHOBHOTO CMBICIOHeCyHero CNOBa CHHTarMbI MpHcoeqHHAIOTCA 9ICMEHTHI THI -H, -eH, -UH, -O2 HT. 1. Co3faloTca PALL aHaOrHUHHIX O6pasoBaHHii, Hanp.: Oe€N3ON, BUNANOA, BUHON, KCUAOA, NalizeH, NUOHEL, pe830A, CUAOK, CUNTUN, ITAHOA, ITPOACL UH Ap. B OMHUX H3 HHX BO3MO2XKHO ycTaHOBHTb MPOHCXOXKeHHe BHIYICHACMOTO KOMMOHEHTA, ero HCXOAHOe TOMHOe COOTBETCTBHE, Hanp.: AeTUACH, 9NAK, THe -ax us AH — Akayemua HayK; paOox — payuit H aproH; cuszaa—or nat. Silicium (KpemHuii) u aura. alloy (cas), B Apyrux aOOpeBuaTypax TakOli KOMMOHEHT HCHOMb3yeTCA Kak FroTOBHI cNOBOOOpasoBaTebHbIi adbuKe No aHavioruH, cp.: Oedepon, Hetizon, ‘Tily6a TI. Il. AG6pesnarypsi-npunaratenbHble B COBpeMeHHOM pyCCKOM A3HIKe.— B xu: Cnopoo6pasosanvé H HOMHHATHBHAd AepHBallia B CAaBAHCKUX s3bIKax.— Tpoguo, 1982, 4. 1, c. 157—159. y 6 Uzsak. Nr. 1007 81 nepAox. YcTavoRNeHO, 470 NOLOGHBIe HaHMeHOBAHHA BelecTB H MaTepHanoB He TOJIbKO AKTHBHO HCIOJb3YI0TCA B ASEIKe HayKH, HO AOBOABHO ml0cae0BaTe/IbHO IIPHMCHAIOTCH MPH BbIXOZe 3a Npexers onpeereHHott TepMHHOOrHyeckoH o6actu. OHH Haxo_sT orpaxenne B NOJHTCXHHYECKHX cOBapAx, Tae cHaO2xaloTes NOMeTOIi «ToproBoe HasBaHHe>. Hecmopa na npoxyKtusnocrh COKpalleHHli, cO3qaHHEIx 10 MOJenaM «a6OpeBuatypa+nonHoe ca0Bo>, «yceveHHe+ ycToHaMBEIii SeMeHT TuMa -ox», HanOouee WHPOKO pacnpoctpanenHBIMH B crenMaNBHBIx HaywHBIX TeKcTax MPOAOMKAlOT OCTaBATCA HHHUMAMbHBIe aOOpeBHaTypsI, OOIaA Macca KOTOPIX Bce yBemHyHBaeTCH. Ha6moxaiores B ssbike HayKH u Apyrue HOBble TeHAeHIHH coBpemeHHOl aOOpeBuallMu: OTCyTCTBHe Tak Has. HCXxOmHBIX cmoBocoyeTanHit H ucnOb30BaHHe COOTHOCHTeIDHBIX CHHTATM MOCKe NOABAeHHA CoKpamenua, HamepeHHad OMOHHMHA aOOpeBHaTyp c yxKe H3BeCTHEIMH B sAgbIKe wekceMaMu, Halp.: 630P — B3B0N ONTHYeCKO pasBeqKH, Boicrpea—sucume cTpeakoBble Kypcbl, CHPHYC—c6op undopmauun, peructTpalun, u3mepenna, yipabileHus, CHrHaTH3alMH (aBTOMaTHYeCKas cucTema) HT. MI, Cxoeo6pasue a66pesuatyp B nayyuoit TEPMHHOJOrHN oOnpezennetca He TOMbKO HX CTPyKTypoli, cnoco6om cosqaHHa, TemMaTHYeCKOlt NIpHHa je HOcrbio. Cam mpolecc ucnomb30Banna adOpeBnatyp u ab6peBuanun B OOnacTH TePMHHONOrHH XapakTepusyetTcH HeKOTOPHIMH cnenMbuyecKUMH yepTamH. Tlapanneabuoe byHkunonupopanue COKpallleHHBIX H HECOKPallleHHBIX HOMHHallMit COMpOBOxaeTcA BEIPaboTKOH ycTOfyHBOrO COOTHECCHHA UX C ompeAeNeHHEIM akTom jelicrsutenbuoctu. Hesapucumo or cnocoba o6pasosaHUA, KONMYECTBA H BeNMYHHBI YCCYCHHEIX 9J/IeMeHTOB, OT POPMANbHO-cMBICMOBOro COOTHECeHHA COKPallleHHOrO CIOBa H HCXOAHOTO HauMeHOBaHUA Oba KOMIOHEHTa CBOCOOpasHol cnoBoo6pasoBaTeNbHOH app MapasenbHO coOTHOCATCA C OHUM HenoTatom. J[ns TepMuHa-aOGpesnatypht, KOTOphIit ofHaxbl OBI COOTHECeH C ONpeseneHHEIM cbakTOM JelicTRHTeNbHOCTH (Hamp.: CulaA — AerupoBaHHblii uyryH c 5—6% Kxpemuua, J73Y — nocrosunoe 3anoMHHalolilee YCTPOliCTBO B 9EKTPOHHEIX BLIYHCAHTCABHEIX MallluHax), He HyXKHO TONKOBaHHe, HH Tem Gomee NOKOMNOHEHTHaA pacmMpoBKa MPH KaxKOM HOBOM ero HcnombsoBaHHH. TlapannenbHoe ynotpe61eHue TEPMHHOB-COKpaWeHHH M CAOBOCOYeTAHHA B CTHHCTHYeCKHX WeNAX MOET IIPHBeCTH K BBITECHEHHIO OAHOFO W3 Ha3BaHHi — CHHTarMbI WI a6Opesnatypuy, nanp.: KB — KopoTKue BomHbI, KEO —xom6unat 6piToBoro OOcIyKUBAHHA, COULOAUNeSucTUKa — COUMabHad MHrBUcTHKa, TMK —TeOpua MaccoBoii KOMMYHHKaun. B tepmunosorun cnegyer oco60 BEAenATD MOJIHONpaBHEle TepMHHLI-coKpaULeHHA, HMeIOWIMe cTaTyc JeKceMbI, HaxozsmHe OTpaxkeHue B c0Bapsax, nanp.: CK — nomocrpontenpuniit KOMONHAaT, 2a3ep — KBaHTOBOMexaHHyeCKHH yCHIMTeIb cBeTOBOro ANana3zoHa (us aura. light amplification by stimulated emission of radiation, laser), M3C — npuausuas SJeKTPOCTaHnA, PTC — pemonruo-rexuuueckan cranuua 1 Ap. OTmevenHbie a66pesuatyppt 82 O6akalwT ROCTATOYHO BRICOKO! acTOTHOCTHIO ynoTpebuleHUA, BCeACTBHE wero JerKO BOCIIPHHUMAIOTCA H IHPOKO HcnONB3yIOTCA B TeKcTax pa3mM4HOro XapakTepa H Ha3Ha4ueHua. B mpowecce uccneqopanusa BHIABAAIOTCH TaKxKe coKpaleHua, xapaKrepHble JHIb AIA OTACNbHBIX TeKCTOB (HH Tpymm TeKcToB). Stra rpyrna TepMHHOB MOXKET ObITb YCOBHO Ha3BaHa TeKCTOBLIMH abOpeBHaTypaMH. Coxkpallenuble clloBa nonoGHoro pola, Kak MpaBUs0, He HCHOM3yIOTCA B TeKcre 6e3 pacmudposku. Mx mecto B cHCTeMe a3bIKa MOXKHO ONpeseruTS MexAy cielHasbHol TepMHHONOrHel M ycOBHbIMM cOKpamleHuamu. IIpomexyTOYHOCTh MOMOKeHUA NOMKPeMIAeTCA TeM, UTO TeKCTOBLIe aGbOpeBuaTypbl BpeMA OT BPe€MECHH IPHMbIKaOT TO K OHOM, TO K Apyroli rpymme: OHM ABAAIOTCH HEHCTOINUMBIM HCTOYHHKOM COBpeMeHHOH seKcu4ecKOl abbpeBnaIMM; OHAKO MHOrHe TeKCTOBbIe aOOpeBuaTypbI AMUTeMbHOe BPeMA MpOsoON2KalOT OCTABATbCA YCOBHBIMM COKpallleHHaMy, cp., Hanp.: MC (mexuaanerHaa ctanuua), HTH (uHayywo-rexnuyeckan undopmauua), CIC, caxanudcTaxyua (CaHuTapHo-3nuemnouoruyecKkan craHuuaA), HO APB (aBToHOMHBIi pedpHxepatopabii Baron), BYC (scnomoratembubiii y3en cpasu), BIS (BepTHKaIbHOe 3eKTpH4eCKOe 30HANPOBaHHe), 26. (rBapAUA, rBapZelicKul), ®E (ppaseosnormyeckas equnuia). YcToHuHBocTh TEKCTOBBIX COKPalileHHii OObACHAeTCA Pa3SIHYHEIMH MpHIHHaMH: Y3KOCIelHabHOl MpHHatWexKHOCTHIO COKPaeHHBIX eHHHU, ccepol HCHOIb30BaHHA, 3aKPeNJIeCHHOCTbIO 3a MHCbMeHHOM SOPMOH ASbIKa, PallHoHaJIbHBIMH cnocoO6amMu IpHMeHeHHA H Ap. CymlecTByeT onpememeHHaa CHCTeMa HCHOMb30BaHHA TEKCTOBLIX aOOpeBHaTyp: Kak MmpaBuo, B Hayate aeTCA ONHCATebHOe HAHMCHOBaHHe PAOM C COKPallleHHbIM BapHaHTOM, 3aKJHOYeHHEIM B CKOOKH. B faabHelitiem npHMeHAeTCA TepMHH-a6OpeBuaTypa, a NOHOe Ha3BaHHe MPABMeKAeTCA NHUIb B CHJY CTHMMCTHYeCKOM HeOOXOAHMOCTH, Hamp.: <KOoHCTpyupoBaHue paxket-nocurened (PH), ABurateneli, OopTOBEIX CHCTeM ynpaBenua» H Mamee: «...3anycKaloTes PH runa «Kocmoc>?; «Buictynat B BHe ceepx@pasoeozo eduncrea (CE)»* u «...nonoxKeHne 9TUX CTpyKTyp pH opHentaunn CE>‘ ut. 1. TexkcToBble TepMHHbI-aGOpeBuaTYypPH Heb3A HaSBaTb YHCTO rpadHuecKHMA COKpalll¢HHAMH, TaK KaK B T@KCTAX OHH MPOYHTHIBAIOTCA COKpallleHHbIM BaPHaHTOM, HcnOmb3yoTCA B MpeAWOXRKeHHH B COOTBETCTBHH C KaTerOpHaJIbHbIMM TIpH3HaKaMH MMCHH CYyIIeCTBHTeIbHOrO, B NOMaBsAIoUleli Macce cmoco6bHbI K JICKCUKaIMSalMH UM XapaKTePHEI WA M000 OONacTH HayyHOH TepMuHOJIOTHH. Mcnoup30Banne B TeveHHe HEKOTOPOrO BPeMeHH TePMHHA-cOKpallenusa H HCXOAHOM HOMMHALHH MapaienbHO H MpOwHOe 3aKpPeneHHe B 3TO BPeMa a66peBHaTypHOrO HasBaHHA 3a ONPeeeHHLIM JeHOTATOM — 3aKOHOMePHBIit ? Tlonurexuwuecknit cxopapp.— M.: Cos. sumuKmonemus, 1980, c. 246. ® Teopna a3bika. Metognt ero uccdeqoBanua H MpenogaBanua.— JI.: Hayxa, 1981, c. 130. 4 Tam me, c. 132. 83