О критериях выделения лексических интернационализмов (преимущественно евроязычного ареала)

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Latviešu leksikologija.— Riga: Zvaigzne, 1981, 114. Ipp. 36 CKOH, pOMAHCKOK, CJIaBAHCKOH; B JJaHHOM cJlyyae K INECTH BhILIENEpEeYHCIIeH- HBIM A3bIKaM MOJKeT ObITb NPHPaBHEH TaKiKe NMOJbCKHH H, BO3MOKHO, INIIBeJĮ- ckuit). IlojmhJiekceMa MoxXeT OkbITb npejicTaBJ/IEeHa H B 53bIKAX ABYX HJIH He- CKOJIbKHX apeaJioB, HAaNp., eBPOSISLIYHOrO H HHAHNHCKOro. EcJiH JIEeKCcHUeCKHH HHTepHAlHOHAJIH3M BCTpeuaeTCS B S3bIKAX (si3bIKe) APYroro apeana, OH MO- JKeT ObITb OTHeceH K TpaHCapeaJbHOH HHTEPHAIMOHAJbHOH JIEKCHKE?; ecCJIH CJIOBO SIBJISIETCS ApeaJIbHbIM JIEKCHUECKHM HHTEepHAILHOHAJIH3MOM B JIBYX (HJIH 60jiee) apeajiax, TO OHO BXOJHT B COCTaB GHapeaJIibHOH (noJiKapeajibHONH) HHTEpHAIHOHAJIbHON JIEKCHKH. BeposTHO, IIDH BbUIEJIEHHH JIEKCHUECKHX HH- TepHAlLHOHAJIH3MOB He CJeJyeT YYHTHIBATh JIEKCEMbI, IIpe/jlCTaBJIEHHbIe JIHINb B HaHKCojJIee NnepHdĖdepHHHbIX TNOACHCTEMAaX TOTO HJIH HHOrO S13bIKA, OJĮHAKO JAaHHBIH BOnpoc elle TpeOyeT JiaJisHehunIero H3yueHHs. B 4acTHOCTH, BPS JIH BCe-TaKH MOXKHO B 3TOM AaCIrieKTe HOJIHOCTbIO HTHODpHpOBATb TAKOH CJIOK JIEK- CHKH, KaK OOIIHH CJIEeHT; OOJIbINOA HHTEpec NpejįcTaBJISeT TaKXe CIen1HAaJIb- HbIH CJIEHT MOPSIKOB, HIHDOKO HCINOJIb3YIONIHHA JIEKCHUeCKHe 3aHMCTBOBAHHSA (oco6eHHo anrauuusmel). HaBepHo, HMeeT CMBICJI B psiie CJIy42a6B TOBOpHTb 06 HHTepcCJIeHTH3MAX, XOTS1 TaKASi KaTeropusi HeHh3OexHO GyjieT mepeKpeliu- BAaTbCS C OCTAJIbHOK HHTEepHAIHOHAJIbHOK JIEKCHKOH. Huorjia BsILeJIeHHe JEeKCHUYECKHX HHTepHAIHOHAJIH3MOB 00YCJOBJIHBAETCH H TEMaTHYECKHMH KpHTEDHSAMH, IIpHUeM HHTepHAlLHOHAJIH3MAMH IIpH3HAIOTCH JIKINb CJOBa TEDpMHHOJIOTHUecCcKOTO xapakrepa (BCD; beaCd) uau cJIOBA, 0603HauaIONIHE NOHATHS MeXAyHapoaHoro MaciuTaGa ??. [To muenunio A. Jlay, TaKasi NMOCTAHOBKA BONpPOCa He SIBJASIETCS NPHEMJIEMOH, TaK Kak INOAMEHseT SI3bIKOBbIeE (DaKTLI KaTeropusiMu JIOTHKH . IlpaBaa, sHaueHHs CJIOBA — 3TO, 6e3ycJaoBHO, (DaKT SI3BIKOBOH, OJHAKO JIEKCTBHTEJIbHO IeJjecoobpasHee Ka- XKETCA CYHTAThb TEMATHUECKYI0 CIenHOHKY BTOPHYHOH, PaCKphLIBAIOIIEHCs MPH aHaJIH3€ TOH HHTEPHALHOHAJbLHOH JIEKCHKH, KOTOpasi BbiJeJieHa Ha OC- HOBe ye cOopMyJHPOBaHHBIX KpuTepHeB. B To xe BpeMsi oco6oro noaxoaa TpeGYIOT 3K30TH3MBI, KOTOpBIe JHOGO He JOJIXKXHbI OBIT BKJIOUEHB B COCTaB HHTEPHAIlHOHAJIbHOH JIEKCHKH, JHOO Ke JOJIKHBl paccMaTpHBAaTbCA KaK BECh- Ma cBoeoOpa3Hasi ee 4acTh !2 u3-3a «0053aTeJIbHOCTH»> HX 3aHMCTBOBAHHS MPH ONHCAHHH COOTBETCTBYIOIIHX peaJIHū. Takum 06pa30M, OCHOBHBIM KpHTepHeM BbIJeJIEHHS JEeKCHYECKHX HHTEpHA- IIHOHAJIH3MOB TMpelicTaBJISeTCA 1LeJecooOpasHbiM TNPH3HATL PacrnpoCTpaHEH- HOCTb 3aHMCTBOBAHHS (PYKOBOJACTBOBATbCS CJeAyeT HMEHHO Ienecoo6pas- HOCTBIO HJIH HeleJ1ec006pa3HOCThIO, TAK KaK HHTePHAUHOHAJIbHAS JIEKCHKA — 3TO BCe-TaKH KaTeropusi ČOJIbINe si3bIKOBeAYeCKasi — H, KOHEUHO, HHTEPJIHHT- ® Cp: Baldundéiks J. Anglicismu funkcionalais raksturojums miisdienu latviešu valoda.— LPSR ZA Vestis, 1981, Nr. 11, 64. Ipp. 10 Akyanenko B. B. Cymecrsyer Ju HHTepHallHOHaJbHast JeKCHkKa? — BSI, 1961, Ne 3, c. 61. Bnocaencrenn B. B. Akyjietiko, no-BHAHMOMY, OT 3TOr0 KPHTEPHS OTKa3aJcs. "1 Laua A. Latviešu leksikologija, 114. Ipp. 12 Cp.: Kpucun JI. II. Hruossbrunbie CJI0Ba B COBpeMeHHOM DpyCCKOM JIHTEPATYPHOM asnike.— M.: Hayka, 1968, c. 47. 37