Об ударении и долготе в балтийских языках. II. Долгота в латышском языке

LIETUVIŲ KALBOTYROS KLAUSIMAI, XXX (1993) PERIFERINĖS LIETUVIŲ KALBOS TARMĖS Iš archyvų 0. 0. OOPTYHATOB OF YJIAPEHHM H JOJIOTE B BAJTHACKHX A3BLIKAX II. 10JI'OTA B JATHIIICKOM A3LIKE Publikuojama iš Rusijos mokslų akademijos Sankt Peterburgo skyriaus archyvo (gona 90, on. 1, ex. xp. 22). Spaudai parengė O. Poliakovas. B jarsmckKoM A3uke B JAOJITHX TIlaCHHhX, B AHOTOHTaX H B JMOTOHIH4CCKHX COYETAHMAX KpaTKOM CJIOTOBOH IMNaCHOA C MOCJEAYIOIIEI0 COHOPHOIO CorJjiacnojo! CymecrByeT M3BECTHOE pa3jiMuMe B Ka4eCTBE AOJIOTH TIJIACHOH, AMPTOHra MH Anėronrngeckoro coseranna. C HanGONBIIEIO NOJIHOTOJO 3TH pa3jiHM4HA ARIAIOTCA MPH NOJIOXEHHH TAaKMX 3BYKOB H 3BYKOBHX COYETaHMH MNOJ YAAPEHHEM, KOTOpOE B NATHIICKOM fA3HKE NajaeT, Kak H3BECTHO, HA KOPHEBOM CJIOT, T.€. HA MEPBHHA CJIOT CJIOB NMPOCTHX, H TOJIbKO B 3TOM NOJIOXKEHHH, NOJ JIATHUICKHM YJAApEHMEM, KadecTBO JIATHIICKOA JAO/JIOTH OCHOBWBAE€TCA HA M3BECTHHX Dpa3JIM4KHAX B BHAAX JIHTOBCKO- NATHIICKOA JAOJrOTH, XOTA NpH 3TOM B JATHIICKMX CJIOBAX, MNOJYYEHHHX OJHOC/IOXHHMH, KaieCTBO JOJNIOTH ONDpEJEJETCA JUACTLIO, KaK MH YBHAMM JAJIECS, TaKX€ H NO3AHEAIIMM BJIMAHMEM camoro yjapenua. B nonoxenum Ges yxapenus AOJITHME IJacHue, JAMOTOHTH H AMPTOHrMYECKHE COYETAHMA B JIATHINCKOM A3HKE HAM NPEACTABIAIOT OAMH H TOT X€ BHA JOJIOTH, WIM Xe, B AMAJIeKTax, ME CyIUeCTBYIOT pa3JIM4HA B KayecTse JOJIOTH, TAKX€ H NPH NOJIOXEHHH Ge3 yJapenus, STH pa3JIH4KHA HMEIOT HOBOE NPOMCXOXJEHMe H HE 3aBMCAT OT Pa3iMYMA B BMJAX JIHTOBCKO- JiaTHINCKOR jonrote. Ha cesepe nathuickon o6nacru, B Pyenckom npuxoze (Rūjene), no coobwenuio r. Benbma, crapue Joarve riacine B NOJIOXeHHH Ge3 yaapenus COKDpaTHJIKHCb, H TOYHO TAK X€ M3 AMPTOHIOB Ė H 11 6e3 yJApEeHHA B TOM Xe AHAneKTe NOJIYSHJIHCb | H U KPaTKHe. [lo onpezenennio PoszenGeprepaZ, Biortuepa3, Baapa%, Bunemmrennad, Bpusiemunakca (Tpednania)l, B NaTHmCKMX JOATMX TjaCHHX, AMPTOHrAX M 1 Jinai xpaTxOCTH x HA3MBAIO Aajiee ITH COYETAHMA NPOCTO AUPTOHIHIECKHMH CO4ETAHHAMH. 2 Formenlehre der lettischen Sprache. 1830 / Magazin herausgegeben von der Lettisch- Literarischen Gesellschaft; Formenlehre der lettischen Sprache in neuer stellung. 1848 // Tam xe. IX. Zweites Stiick. 3 Untersuchungen ūber die lettischen Sprachlaute. 1848 // Tam xe. IX. Erstes Stiick (1847). C. 1 H QCA. 4 Ueber die in der lettischen Sprache vorkommenden Laute und deren einfache Bezeichnung durch die Schrift. 1847 I Tan xe. C. bi H CJIEA. 5 Die lettische Sprache. 1863-1864. COopHHK aurponojiorH3eCKHX MH OTHOrpaduueckux crated, 3sasaemuid Jamxosum. Kuura II 181 JAPTOHMHIECKMX COYETAHMAX pa3)iM4alOTCA ABA OTTEHKA B NPOM3HOIIEHMM, [Ba TOHA, ABa BHAA JOJIOTH, TOYHO TaKX€, KAK H B JIATHIICKO-HEMEUKOM CJI0Bape Y/bMaHa oGo3naueno (MMEHHO B NOJIOXEHHH NOA YAAPEHHEM) pa3jiM4Ke ABYX BHAOB NATHUICKHX AOJITHX TNacHHX, AMPTOHrOB M Audronrnseckux coseranur. HauGojnee TOYHO onpexeneny GuaM 3TH Ba BHAA JOJIroTH Baapom H 3atem bBunenurTeAHoM, KOTOpHH, BNpOYEM, BO BIMVIAJE HA HEKOTOPHE M3 OTHOCAWIMXCA CIOAA ABJIEHHAĖ paCXOJHJICA C DBaapom, xorA eaBa Jd C JAOCTATOYHHM OCHOBaHWeM baap pasnuuaer B 3THX NATHIICKHX 3BYKaX H 3BYKOBHX COYETAHWAX HMMEHHO CHEAYIOUIME "OTTEHKH B nponsnomenun” ("Nūancen in der Aussprache"): 1) "gedehnte Linge" u 2) "gestossene Linge"; y Bunemmrenna coorserctsyior: 1) "gedehnter Ton" u 2) "gestossener Ton". Tepmun "gedehnt" y baapa m y bunemmreiina umeer 31ech 3HaYeHHe "Ge3 nepepuBa’, HW, HANp., OTHOCHMTEJIBHO JOJIOTH TMIaCHHIX C 3TOLO aonrorol Baap rosopur Tak: "Die gedehnten werden lang, ohne dass die Stimme wahrend des Lautens unterbrochen wiirde, gleichsam in einem Zuge ausgesprochen”; B 3TOM Xe CMHCJIe H Ai Ha3hIBalO JIATHIICKYIO AOJrOTY " MHTENBHOW, T.e. ~HenpepuBucTol0”, soaroroio. [lox "gestossene Linge" oTr1ejibHHx TJIaCHHX, AMPTOHrOB H AMPTOHrMIECKHX coderanui baap nomuman TO HMEHHO NPOM3HOILIEHHE, NpH KOTOPOM B CJIOMOBOH A0JIMOH IJIACHOH M B HEKPAaTKOH HECJIOrOBOH 9aCTH AWPTOHra HH AMOTOHTH4ECKOTO CO4eTAHHA rosioc npepusaercd, "freilich wenig bemerkbar”, H 3aTem ONATH 3BYYMT OY€Hb KpPaTKOE BpeMA, "so dass gewissermassen ein schwacher Hiatus entsteht"; "es ldsst sich diese Niiance schwer beschrei- ben" ,— rosoputr baap, — "sondern man muss sie aus dem Munde des Letten selbst horen". Ty NaTHIICKYIO AOArOTY fi HA3HBAIO "NpepHIBHCTOIO" AOJINOTOO, H NpH TOM — MMEHHO JOJITOTOIO C NOJHHM MnepepHBOM (B OT/IM9ME OT ApPYroM "NpepHBHCTOM" JOJITOTH); NMOJIHHA NEpepHB ronoca OGpa3yeTCA NOJIHHM 3aMHKAHHEM rosiocosoft menu (cm. "Stosston" y Cusepca). bunienutenn onpezenser aty A0AroTy, 3TOT TOH B OTAEAbHHX JOJTHX IJIACHHX NMpUOAM3MTENbHO Tak xe, Kak H baap: " der Ictus hebt das erste Element vor dem zweiten nachdriicklich heraus und ldsst das vom ersten gewissermassen abgesprochene, gewissermassen durch ein freilich unendlich kleines Vacuum vom ersten getrennte zweite Element leicht und kurz nachhallen"; Ho Bo B3rsiAze Ha "gestossene” AHQTOHIH M JIMGTOHrHIECKHEe CO4eTAHHA B NATHIICKOM fA3nke bunenmrenn pacxomntca Cc baapom. [lo Baapy, nojiuuū nepepus ("Stoss" y Cupepca) ABA€TCA B HEKPATKOH HeCJIOTOBONM 9aCTH TaKHX AMOTOHTOB H AHUPTOHIHYECKHX COYETAHMH (a B KpaTKHX aAugromrax, 3ameuaer baap, sropas, T.e. HeCJIOTOBAA, riacian poobuie Hveer 6OJIbLIEE KOJIHYECTBO CPaBHHMTEJILHO C NEPBOH, T.€. CJIONOBOH, r/1acHoM), noaromy, Hanp., "gestossene" ai, au, ar, al onpezenserca y baapa kak ai’, auwY, arf, all 7 | mexay Tem kak bunenmrein AyMaer, 4TO NMOJIHHA NEPEpHB CYWECTBYET MEXAY COCTaBHHMH YACTAMM audronra HH auronrmueckoro coseranua. Onpesenenne, sannoe baapom ana (narmucxne wapoanse necuw). 1873; Ma rope i no gruorpišiuų narauickoro Tuiemenu. 1881 / Tpyau aTHOrpadUIecKoro hem Mmneparopcxoro O6umecrsa MTENEA ECTECTBOJHAHHA, AHTPONONOIHH M ; B came Dare sitio rue cna de V Bunemwuresina tam, rae ou nepesaér mueume Baapa, smecro F/, mv" manegarano: IY, m’m (Die lett. Sprache I, 48 npuur.). 182 NATHIICKHX AMOTOHTOB H AMOTOHTHYECKHX COYETAHMA C NOJIHHM NepepHBOM, Ge3 COMHEHHA BEPHO, XOTA MHE KAXETCA, YTO B TaKHX JIATHINCKHX JMOTOHTAaX Ha iM u TNOJIHHA NnepepHB OGpa3yeTCA Torja, KOraa iM u em He HAYHHAIOT 3By4aTh, MEXAY TEM KaK OpraH ped TYT 3aHHMAeT TO NIOJIOXEHHe, kakoe Tpebyerca Ana OGpa30BaHHA 1 WH L“; NO3TOMY, Hanp., JaTHIICKHE "gestossene” ai H au 3By4aT Tak, 4TO NOJIHLIA NEPEPHB, ACHCTBHTEJIbHO, CANWUIMCA MEXY COCTaBHHMH YaCTAMM AMPTOHra (rae camwan ero Bunenwtenn), Ho B JiaTHLICKHX ANPTOHrMYECKHX COYETAHMAX C NOJIHLIM TEPEPLBOM 3TOT NEPEpHB H HA CJIYX ARNAETCA CAMOM COHOPHOM COrJIACHOCTH, T.e. NOCJIE Toro, Kak MpO3BYYHT 4acTb TOM corniacHor. Yro kacaerca au@ronros é H Ū (ia, ua) c monHHM nepepuBOM, TO m He Mory ONDpEJEJIMTb TOYHO, TE HMEHHO C/IHIIMTCA B HHX NEPEPHB; NO-BUAHMOMY, OHH OJHOPOAHH B 3TOM OTHOIIEHHH C AMQTOHraMH Ha i H U, MMEIOIIMMH nonHuA nepepus. Hekoropoe pa3inune mexny onpexenenuamu baapa um DBunenmredna aBnsercd Takke NO OTHOLIEHHIO K NATHIICKHM ~auTenbiM” (C "AjiMTEJIbHOJIO" sonroroio) amdronram. Baap nepesaér, Hanp., AMMTENbHHE ai, au, Ū HANMUCAHWAMM ai, ai, ud, T.e. ¢ 0603HAYEHHEM AOJINOTH HECNIOrOBOA 4acTH AMQTOHra TOYHO TaKX€, KaK ~JUIMTEbHHE ĮAMOTOHTHUECKHE coYeranus ar, em H Ap. OH obospavaer kak ar, emu Ap. [lo muenmio Bunenmrenna, NATHUICKKE ~AnuTenbhne” ĮAMĖOTOKTH MOryT OuTh oGo3navenH kak ai, ad, Ga H T. "der Ton liegt zwischen oder auf beiden Elementen in der Mitte, so dass also keines von beiden Elementen vor dem andern vorwaltet"; no “anurensune” Av@ronrugeckue coderanna bunemmrenn onpesenser kak arr, emm HM T.A. MH 3aMedaer, 9TO COHOPHHE COrJIACHHE C/HINATCA 3ech "kak Gn yapoenno”. Baap, Ges commenus, npas: B JATHIUCKHX ~UIMTENbHHX AMOTOHTAX HEC/Iorosas 4aCTb HMEeeT O6abiiee KOJIHYECTBO CPaBHMTENILHO CO CJIONOBOIO YACTBIO TOro xe Audronra, xota (“TO He orMesexo y baapa) mecnorosas rnacsas "anmrensnoro” AMGTOHra BCE-TAKH, MHE KaxeTCA, HECKOJbKO KOpoue, 4eM COHOPHAA COrjacHas B "JUIHTEJIbHLIX" AHPTOHIHYECKMX codeTaHHAX. [JNMTENbHOCTD HW NONHHA NEPEpHB NATHIICKMX AMQTOHIMYECKHX CO4eTaHHA CYWECTBYIOT, NO onpejenenuio baapa, numb npu NOJIOXEHHH COYETAHMH "KpaTKAA I/IacHaA + COHOPHAA COrJiacHas™ Nepel COrJacHoIo; Takxe M bujnenimrešn pa3iuuaer ABa TOHA B JIATHIICKMX COYETAHMAX "KpaTKAA IJ1acHan + COHOPHAf COMVIACHAA", TAE NOJIOXEHHe WMEHHO Nepej COrNACHOI0, H TPH TOM TOJILKO MOA yaapenueM. [lo-sumumomy, u Baap 3naer andronruueckue coseranus C ĮŲIMTEJILHOJO AOJITOTOI0 H C TOJHHM NEPEPHBOM TOJIbKO MOA YJAAPEHHEM; OH He JAčT NPHMEPOB UIA TEX H APYTHX JHMOTOHTHYECKHX COYETAHHH B NOJIOXEHHH Oe3 yaapenws, TOrJa Kak B JIOJITHX MNiaCHHX H B aupromrax baap pasnuuaer asa Bua JIOJITOTH, MEXKJIY NpOuHM, H B nojoxenuu Ges yzapemua (cM. y mens xanee). Bunenmrenn TAKXK€ POBOPHT, TO B JIATHIICKMX AOAIMX IJIACHHX M AMQTOHraX pasfiHiMe ABYX TOHOB CYILECTBYET HE3ABUCHMO OT YJAPEHMH, XOTA NOJ YJAPEHHEM BHCTYNAET ACHES; BIIpOYEM, B JATHLICKMX CJIOBaX H cypdukcax, paccvatpusaemux B "Die lettische Sprache", Bunenmrein Besse orveuaer nonnuf nepepus ('gestossener Ton") B AOJITHX raacHuX HW auronrax Ge3 yjapennHA, a HEKOTOPHE mNapajijelibHHe 8 . OAHOPOAHHE ABJIEHHA B AATCKOM S3HKC IPH NOAHOM nepepuse; cM. Jespersen. The articulations of speech sounds. P. 45. 183 0o6pa30BaHHA C ĮUIMTEJIbHOJO JJOJIFOTOJO B TAKOM JIOJIOXEHHH NpHBEJCHH 346Cb KaK MmanekKTHuecKne (anuanekTHme — O. II.), umenno H3 amanexra Baapa. Ornocurejibuo AOJITHX COHOpHHX COrjiacuwx baap 3aMeuaeT, 4TO B M3BECTHHX CJIy921X OHM CYWIECTBYIOT TaKX€ H Niepeld MacHOlO, HMEHHO B 3aMMCTBOBAHMAX H3 HEMELKOro s3HKA, Hanp., B kama, vafa, bulis MH Ap., a KpoMe Toro, | nepej TJIaCHOIO ABIAETCA B TaKHX AKHAJIEKTHUECKHX (amanektuux — O. II.) obpasosanmsx, kak vila, pila, rae | M3 rpynns In cokpamaerca B auanekrax (vilna, pilna). [lpn arom, oanako, Baap ne onpeesifer, Kak ACJIATCA TaKHe COYETaHMs 3BYKOB Ha cord (B akcnuparTopHOM OTHOILEHHH), H OTAECJAET ITH CIYYaH OT TeX, B KOTOPHX OH HAXOAMT "AJIKTEJIbHYJO" AONIOTY LeJioro COYETAHMA ~KpaTKad riiackas + COHOpHaA cornacuas”. [lo-summomy, BIPOYEM, Hanp., vila 3BYYMT Kak villa, T.e. H 346Cb smnserca “anmrensuoe” AMQTOHIHYECKOE COYETaHHE MNepel CorjiacHolo, xora OW mppaunonansHow (kak NEpEXOJIHLIM 3BYKOM K CJEAYIOWeA riacHoo). bunenmrern numer B 3THX ciysasax YABOGHHYIO COHOPHYIO COrJiaCHylO, Hanp., villa. C onpesenenuiem ABYX BMAOB JOJIOTH, AByX TOHOB B JATHIICKOM f3uke y Baapa H Dunenmreiina CXOJATCA MW KpaTKMe onpejenenus, Jannue Bpussemunakcom. B npeaMcioBuH K cOOpHMKY jaTHIICKMX Hapoanux neced, 1873 r., Bpussemmmaxc YKa3HBaeT Ha TO, TO JOJCHE IJlacHHE H ĮMOTOHTH B JATHIICKOM A3HKE MMEIOT "Jipa OTTEHKA , a MMEHHO ABNAIOTCA paCTAxHMHIMH ("gedehnt"), wim “npepuBaommMmucs” ("gestossen"); B pacTAXMMHX “3BYK T'OJIOCa BO BpeMA NPOM3HOLICHHA HE NPEPHBAETCA , a MPH NpOH3HOLIEHHH NPEPHBAIOIIKXCA "TOJIOC 3a4EPAKHBAETCA, HO NOTOM CHOBA BEChbMa KOPOTKO AOroBapHBaerca . Bnocneicrsum, B npeamcnosuu K COOpHHKY NaTHIICKHMX NOCJIOBHŲ, 3arajoK, HAroBOpOB H 3aknuuanuii, 1881 r., bpuBseMHMAKC Ha3Baji OHM M3 3THX AOJITHX IJIACHHX H AMPTOHIOB "JUIMTEJIbHHMH", A Apyrue "NpepHBHCTHMH™ (no MOEA TEPMMHOJIOPMM) MH 3aMETHJ, 9TO C AMPTOHraMu OJHOPOAHO B NATHIICKOM A3HKE NO OTHOWIEHHIO K TAKOMY Dpa3jiMuMIO TaKXe H coYeTaHHe KpaTKOH IJIaCHOM C NOCAeAYIOWEA COHOPHOIO COrJIACHOI0 NEpe] COracHolo. Anurensune augronrn obosmasaiorca y DBpussemnmakca B cGopuuke 1881 r. HanHCaHHAMH ai, au, & M T.A., MEXAY TEM KaK ANMTENbHHE AUPTOHrHIECKHe CO4eTAaHHA NMHIIYTCA 31eCh TAK: af, am MH T.A; OTCIOJA BUAHO, 910 H Bpussemumakc HAXOJMT Pa3/iMIMe B KOJIMYECTBE MEXAY HECJIOroBOIO IVIACHOIO AMTENBLHOrO Audronra H COHOPHOIO COIJIACHOK AJMTEJBLHOr0 AMPTOHrMYECKOro coderanus (CM. Bue). Oruocnrejibuo Takux ciysaes y Bpussemumakca, kak brile H Ap., CpaBH. ckazamioe MHOIO NO NOBOAY, Hanp., bulis, vila y Baapa. [lepBuM, ykasaBumm Ha CymeCTBOBaHHe B NATHILICKOM A3HKE ABYX “TOHOB", Gh PosenGeprep. B "Formenlehre der lettischen Sprache”, 1830 r. PoseuGeprep pasnuaun asa “Buia ygapenua" ("Art der Betonung"), asa “toma” ("Tone") moa YAApEHHEM B NATHIICKMX JOJIMX IMIACHHX, AMPTOHraX H COYETAHMAX KPATKOH I/IACHOM C NOC/IEAYIOWEI0 COHOPHOIO COrNACHO0” (MeXAy NpOuMM, H Mepel MACHO); OAMH M3 3THX TOHOB OH Ha3pan "gehalten”, B akobkax "gezogen", Apyroi — "gestossen", oy PoseuGeprepa aru corjiacinie He ONPEAENAIOTCA KAK JUIABHME WIM HOCOBHE, HO NpPHMEPH, HE MM, NOKa3WBAIOT, TO OH MMEJ B BUAY HUMCHHO COYCTAUMA KpaTKOR IMAaCHOH C NIOCJIEAY ole JUIABHOIO HIM HOCOBOIO COMJIACHOIO, 184 Bnocnejcraun, B "Formenlehre der lettischen Sprache in neuer Darstellung”, 1848 r., PosenGeprep cosa FOBOPHA O ABYX JATHIICKMX TOHAX, NMPHYEM TEPMMH "gehalten” npuanan HenpaBH.ibHuM M 3amemnn TepuuHOM "gezogen”. Pasjnune MEXLY STHMH TOHAaMH OH onpesessier Tak: "Ein allgemeines Merkmal ist, dass der gestossene Ton sogleich im Anfange seines Hervortretens seine ganze Kraft wie in einem Punkte concentrirt, daher abbricht und die Elemente der Sylbe, die in den Bereich des Tones kommen, einen Augenblick, sey’s auch der kiirzeste, frei ldsst, bevor sie dem folgendem Laute sich anschliessen, wihrend dagegen der gezogene allndhlich beginnend und stetig anschwellend die von ihm beherrschten Elemente der Sylbe bis zum folgenden Laute fortwahrend begleitet". Orciona Buano, aro Po3enGeprep paziuuaer B NaTHIICKOM A3HKE TE Xe ABA BHJA JOAIOTH, Te Xe ABA TOHA (M MPH TOM MMEHHO NOJA YAApeHHEM), O KOTOPHX TOBOpH/iK norom baap, bunenwrenn u apyrue; Tepmuny "gezogen" y PosenGeprepa coorsercrsyer "gedehnt" y baapa um Bunemurenna. B nemeukom sasuke, T.e. B HEMEKOM A3HKe JaThuCcKoro Kpas, Posenbeprep HaxOJMT TOJIbKO "NpepHBHCTHA" ("gestossen") TOH, HO npH 3TOM BEPHO YKA3WBAET HA TO, 4TO B JNATHIICKMX CJIOBaX, 3AHMCTBOBAHHHX H3 HEMEUKOro A3HKA, smuserca "gezogener Ton". OTHOCHTENBHO NATHIICKHX COYETAHMA "KpaTKAA IacHas + COHOpHAA CorjacHas” HaJO 3AMETHTb, 4TO PosenGeprep ornusaer B Hux "NnpepH6BHCTHA" TOH OT TOrO TOHA, KOTOpHA OH HA3BAN "gezogen", MEXy NPOIHM, H MPH IIOJIOXEHHH COHOPHOH COINIACHOM NEP] TJIACHOJO; B 4MCJIE NPHMEPOB ANA NMPEPHBHCTOIO TOHA B 9THX COYETAHMAX OH NPHMBOJMT HE TOJIbKO salt, vels "Gyzer karars", irt "rpectu” (1.6. sait, veis, iit), HO Takxe iffu, T.e. ifu "rpeGy", melli T.e. meli "arynn” (mvn.a.). Bepoaruo, Posenbeprep npumén K OmHOOYKOMY BIr/IAAY HA CYIIECTBOBAHHE NMPEPHBHCTONO™ TOHA B TAKMX C/Iy4asX, Kak ifu, meli, nox BJiKAHHeM TOro, 4TO ApyroA TOH, "gezogener”, H3BeCcTeH Own emy, MEXJIY NpOYMM, H NpH NOJIOXCHHH COHOPHHH COIVIACHHH Nepej rjiacCHOJO, Hanp., B npusoaumoM MM zelli, T.e. zeli (ocnomBa zelis) "Gesell"; cpaBH. CKa3aHHOE MHOIO BHIE OTHOCHTEJIbHO kana, bulis, brile H T.A. Ilpa poja AOAMMX TJiaCHHX H AKHĖTOHTOB H ABA poja KpaTKHX TIMiaCHHhiX Nepej IUIABHOJO HJIH HOCOBOIO COIJIACHOIO pa3jiH9aeT B JIATHIICKOM f3uKe BiorrHuep B TOM craTbe, Hanucannon B 1842 r., Koropas noMenIEHa B NepBOA KūnxKe IX-ro Toma "Marasuna Jlaruiuuckoro jimreparypuoro obuiecTsa’, HENOCPEACTBEHHO Nepejį CTATbLELO Baapa (1847 r.). B narsncKHx JOJITHX TJiaCHhIX M B AMQTOHrax B OZHMX CJIY4aAiX aperca, no Onpejgejiennio Biorrnepa, "gedehnter Laut", B Apyros — "accentuirter Laut”, HO B 96M HMEHHO COCTOHT pa3jiMuHe MeXAY TEMH HM APYTHMH 3BYKAMH, biorruep ne noscnaer. Ilpuvepu Jan Ana Tex W ApyTHX 3BYKOB B NEPBOM CJIOTE CJIOB, HO, KPOME TOr0, H OTHOCHTE/IbHO OKOHWAHMA MECTH. Nai. €A.9. OH 3aMe42eT, JTO 3/6Ch scezaa seaserca "accentuirter Laut”. U3 npumepos y Biorrnepa Buano, gro c ero TepmMuHoM "gedehnt" pnonme copnazaer "gedehnt" y baapa xm bunenwrerina; "accentuirter Laut" B npumepax y Biorriiepa coorBercrByer aonrore (wm "Tony") € nOJIHHM NepepHBoM, "gestossen" y baapa n bunenwrenna (B OKOHYAHMM MECTIL. Maa. el 4. ator "Tonu" y Bunemmrenna, mexay Tem kak baap 3maer 3zech AnuTenbHyio JONIOTY, KAK MH YBMAMM janee). B naThiickux KpaTKMX M/IaCHHX B MX COYETAHMM C 185 NOCJIEGYIOLIEJO COHOpHOJO COrjiacHolo y Biortnepa pasnnuaiorca (B mepsom crore cio): "kurzer Laut", manp., B irbe, kals, kurt, lemt, willa "mepcrs", kanna, T.e. 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K Takum cnhysasm npusainexar, Hanp., be#zs, bėrzs B 3acTH KYpJIAHJICKHX IOBOPOB NpH bérzs B JApyrHX KYpAAHACKHX roBopax, varpa npu varpa, sirgt npu sirgt, sifms npu sirms, kurpe npu kurpe, sveiks npu sveiks, traiikt npu traiikt, dzit npu dzit n ap. 10 B cnogape Ynswana: "Jtahrkis, ein Fisch (bei Libau soll der Name zu héren sein)". 11 Hagzo, snposem, umers B Bnay, aro Bunemuresin n Yisman (cornacuo ¢ PoseuGeprepos) numyT B NepBoM CJIore Cosa AKOTOHTH ai, ei, ui (ODkKHOBEHHO C NONHBM nepepniBOM) B noJioxeHHH Tepes j C JNOCJIEAYIONIEO FACHOI0, MEXAY TEM KAK ApYTHE Kypisuackue TOBOpi (nanp., y Baapa, y Bpusaemunakxca), a Taxxe roBopu JlnėjianauH COXPAHAIOT B 3THX CJIy4axX CTapyl0 KpaTKYJO rNiaCHylO NepeA j, Hanp., B COOTBETCTBHH C waijaga, lčija, saūija y Bunenmrenna, rae 3uaior NOJiuKA nepepus, waijaga MH TA, Y Yasmana B Apyrvx KYpJIAHACKHX roBopax vajaga, leja, sauja. 186 Uro xe Kacaerca HmenepBHX coro cnosa (He KOpHEBOro Cora), TO, MO YnoTpeOJIeHMIO B HHX ATHTEBHOM JOJOTH M JOJIFOTHI C NOJIHLIM NEPEPHBOM, MEXKAY KYpJIAHACKHMH TOBOpaMH ABJIAIOTCA MH3BeECTHHE pa3jiMuHA, OOpa3OBABINHECA ĖOoHeTHY4ECKH B OTJEJIbHOM CYIIECTBOBAHWM JIATHILICKOTO A3HKa (CpaBhn muxe). B Tex KYpJiAHJCKHX TOBOpaX, KOTOpHE HeNOCpe/ICTBEHHO Gwin H3BeCTHH bunenwrtenny HK KOTOpHM TNPHHAANEXHT TaKxXe TIroBOp JAaTHUICKMX TEKCTOB, M3JaHHHX BpHB3eMHHaKcoM, CJI0OBa, He 3aHMCTBOBAHHHE JIATHINCKHM A3HKOM, HE HMMEIOT AVMTEJILHOA JONIOTH B HENEPBOM CJIOTE, T.€. NPEACTARIAIT B 3THX CAYYafAX JIMINIb AOAroTy C NOJIHHM NEPEPHBOM, KPOMEe 3KCNMPATOPHO-HHUCXOAAWEA B TeX AXQTOHIHYECKHX COYETAHMAX M AuanekThieckux (mmanextnux — O). Il.) aupronrax na KPaTKHe i H L, O KOTOPHX A TOBODHJI BHILE; TOJIbKO B CJIOBAX, 33MMCTBOBABHHHX JIATHIUCKHM A3HKOM, MOXHO BCTDETHTb B 3THX KYPpJIAHACKHX TOBOpaX JUIATEJILHYJO AOJIrOTY B HENEepBOM Core, Hanp., B TaKHX CJIiOBax y bunenmrenna, kak siktérs "Secretdr", brankūzis nposunu. "Brankhaus" (Branntweinsbrennerei); 3aHMCTBOBAHHHE NATHIICKHM A3HKOM H3 HHXKHEHEMEeUKOoro Hapeuna, C "-hus" B KOHIJE H ap. Ho B rosopax cesepozanamnon Kypianaun, mexay npowum, B rosope Baapa, H C/IOBA HE3AMMCTBOBAHHHE HMEIOT B HENEPBOM CJIOTE AIMTENBHYIO AJOJITOTY NpH H3BECTHHX YCJIOBHAX, T.€. 3TH IMOBOPH NPEACTaRIAIOT B HENEPBOM CJIOTE CJIOB B OJHMX Cy9anX JO/rOTY C MOJHHM NEPEPHBOM, B APYTHX — JIMTENbHYIO, TaK 4TO, HANP., y bunenmrerina nu y bpuB3evMunakca MH HAXOAMM TONBKO AOJITOTY C INOJHHM nepepuBoM. /lnurenbhas AOjiroTa B HENEPBOM CJIOTE CJIOB B CEBEpPO—3anaHHX [OBOPAX Kypasmauu spnserci @oHETHYECKH HMMEHHO MPH NOJIOXKEHHH JOJINOH TJIACHOM MH AMQTOHra Nepes j,MeX1y Npo4HM, H TaM, Tie j 3aTeM QOHETHYECKM MCYE3, a TAKXKe NEpeA COHOPHHMH COMacCHHMH, T.6. Tepe] HOCOBHMH H IUtaBHnIMH. Takum oGpasoM, B 3THX KYP/MHICKHMX I'OBOPaX MH HAaXOJMM B HENEPBOM CJIOTE LIMTENBHYIO AOIrOTY B COOTBETCTBMH C AOJIFOTOJO, HMEIONIEIO MNOJHHIA MNepepHs, Hanp., B TIrOoBOpax bunenmrenna m. bpusseMnmakca, B CieAYIOIMX CAydanX. [epea j: 1) B okomsanuax MecTH. maj. eA. Y., Iie HEKOrJa CyIIECTBOBA/ B KOHUE QOPMH J, 3a KOTOpHM CJIe/J10BaJia KpaTkaA raacHas, Hanp.: darza, istabd, bedré, pitti, tirgū. Ho npu nonoxenun B mnepsoM ciore AOJiram rjacHas B OJAHOPOAHHX NO NPOHCXOXKACHHIO OGpa3OBaHHAX NPEACTABIAET AOJITOTY C NOJIHLIM TEPEPHBOM H B cepepHo-3anajuux Kypasuickux rosopax, kak H B rosopax bunenmredina wu BpuBsemunakca: cioga npubajyiexar Hapedus ta, ša "Tak", ka “kak” (npumepn ans $opM CO 3HAYEHHMEM MECTH. MAL el. 9. OT TaKHX X€ MECTOMMEHHHX OCHOB MHE He M3BECTHH M3 CEBEPO—3aNajHHX KYP/AHACKHX FOBOPOB). 2) B npou3soaubix OCHOBAX MMEH CYWIECTBMTE/LHKX HA -taja-, -dja-, -ėja-, Hanp., B QopMe poA. naj. eg. 4.: macitdja, araja, skrėjėja. Mmenur. naa. es. 4. arux umén B rosope baapa okanuusaerca na -fais, -ais, -eis, rae ai nu ei u3 dj(i) nm &j(i). 3)B okoHYaHMAX NnpHJiaraTeJibHHX ONpeAeNeHHHX, KAK B TeX NaAeXHHX o6pa3oBanuaXx, KOTOPHE COXPAHAIOT j MEXAY IJaCHHMH, TAK H B NaJeXKHHX 187 06pa3oBaHHAxX, YCTPAHMBIIMX j MEXKAY TJIBCHEIMH H. NMOJIY9HMBINHX CTAXEHHE MIACHHX. Ex 4. um. naa. myx. p. B rosope Baapa okamumsaerca Hua -ais, manp., B baltais, rae ai u3 Aj(i), MMEHHT. Nai. X. p. H POA. MAA. MyX. p. — Ha -4 U3 -4ja, POAMT. Naa. X.p. HA -4S M3 -4jas, BMH. Nal. HA -(, NO MOEMY MHEHHIO, M3 -Ūju-, MECTH. nai. Ha -Aja, JAT. Nal. MyX. p. Ha -djam, Jat. Nag. XeH. p. Ha -djai (baap nuwer B konue aj; Bo MH. 9. HMEHMT. naj. MyX. p. Ha -&, IIO MOEMY MHEHHIO, M3 -&ji, HMEHHT. H BHHMT. Nal. XeH. p. Ha -as M3 -djas, BMH. Naj. MyX. p. Ha -(:S, IIO MOEMY MHEHHIO, H3 -(;jus,pOA. naj. Ha -ū, NO MOEMY MHEHHIO, M3 -(ju. 3) (= 3a — O. II.) B ociosax nojiubix opm NpUAAraTebHHX ONPEAENEHHHX, T.e. | B §OopMax MECTH. H JAT.-TBOPHT. Nal. €A. 4. M MH. 4.; nanp., y baapa B §opmax mecT. nag. baltdja, baltajūs, baltdjas (O AnuTensHOM AOJIrOTE B OKOHYAHWAX MECTH. Mai. myx. p. y baapa cu. muxe), baltijam, baltdjai (Baap numer B Konue j, cm. Bue), baltdjém, baltajam (0 anmrensnonn zonrore nepea m y Baapa cm. muxe). B umen. nai. eA. 9. M. p. NpHJiaraTeJibHLIX ONpejiejičHHHX B rosope Baapa oKairiHBaIOTCA HA -ais, nanp., baltais12, rue -ais u3 -aj(i)s; cpaBH. BHI M3 3TOr0 Xe roBOpa HMEHA CYymecTBHTeJIbHHEe Ha -ais, -eis. Jnurensnan JoJiroTa B rosope baapa, npn gojroTe C NOJIHHM nepepusoM y bunenmrenna u bpuB3edMunaKca, ABJACTCA Takxe H B OKOHYAHHAX APYIHX KpaTKHX NaJexXHHX GOpM NpHiaraTebHHX ONpejJEJIiEHHHIX, T. €. B OKOHYAHHA, 3AaKJUOYAIOMIIKME B cebe au AndrOHTH €M Ūa, 3TH KpaTkue ŠOpMH, NO MOEMY MHEHHIO, Y4ACTbIO NIPOH3OLLIH M3 COKDpALIEHHA NOJIHLIX OPM, YACTbIO Xe H NpH TOM NPEMMYIIECTBEHHO NPEACTARIAIOT 00010 HOBOOGpa3OBAHHA, BH3BAHHHE BJIMAHHEM ananoruu. Qopmu Ha -ū, T.e. Ha -4 y baapa H ma -4 B rosopax Bunenmrenna wu bpussemunakca, B POJMT. nai. €A. 9. M. p. H B HMEH. Nal. el. 4. 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MH. 4., Hanp.: vizém, sėvam, bedrėm, klėtim, ragūm. 6) B okonsannax -am B ] Ji. MH. 4. npoui. Bp., Banp.: jajam, metam, nikam. 7) B umenax, 3akiodaonmmx B CJIOBOOGOpa3oBaTEjIbHOM CyOėuHKCe JOJIrylo rAacHyio Wau udronr nepea n, Hamp.: vilans, vilanite; sivėns; ėdėns; kurėne; turéne; perkins; makūns, cérpains. BnpouemM, Ani AIMTENbHOR AOANOTH ai B JANHOM TOJNOXKEHHH A 3HAI0 TOJIbKO OAuH npumep (cérpains), M3 crateu Baapa (c. 45). 14 Cy, "Die lettische Sprache”. C. 133. 15 Guwienmurenu (ram xe, ¢. 57) NPUBOAMT M3 HAPOAHOR NECHH OAMH C/YSad OPM BMH. Nai. eA. 4. HA -ūju. 189 [lepea rūtaBHojo COrACHOIO: 8) B umenax ma -ūlis, -ūls, nanp., B abūlis, kūdūls, H B eAMHHIHOM NO 00pa3oBaHMI0 HMEHH HA -aris MH -dre, MMeHHO B vagaris, vagare. OG6pamaiocs TENEpb K pa3jiMuHIO BHAOB AOJArOTH B JIMĖJIAH/ACKHX TOBOpaxX JNATHIICKOrO A3HKA. B JMOJIAHJACKHX roBOpax CyWECTBYIOT, MEXJIY NPOYHM, TakHe roBOpH, KOTOPHE MPEACTARIAIOT TPH BHAA AOAIOTH, TPH "TOHa" BO BCEX AOJIMX TJIaCHHX, AMQTOHrAX H AMPTOHIMYECKHX COYETAHMAX, NPUIEM MEXAY 3THMH MOBOpaMH ARIAIOTCA M3BECTHHE Pa3/IHIMA NO OTHOLIEHHIO K YNOTpeOJIEHHIO TPEX BHAOB JOJIOT, a TJIACHHX TAKXKE H NO OTHOIIEHHIO K MX KauecrBy. Kpome Toro, B JIuganamu MH3BECTHLH H TaKHE TOBODPH, B KOTOPHX HAaOJIOJAIOTCA Ba BHAA JOJINOTH, HO KOTOPHE, OJAHAKO, HE MMEIOT JOJITOTHI C NOJIHHM NEPEPHBOM H, CJIE/JOBATEJIbHO, OT/IHIAIOTCA OT IOBOPOB KYPAHACKHX. Cpean NMGAAHACKHX MOBOPOB, NPEACTARIAIOIWMX TPH BHAA JOJNOTH BCEX AOJAIHX TJIaCHHX, AMGTOHrOB H JAHOTOHTHYECKHX COYETAHMA, A Pa3IMYal0, Ha OCHOBAHMH cooGuičiuoro MOKA B NEYaTH MaTepHaia, BO-TEpBHX, Te IOBOPH, KOTOpHe A Oyay HA3HIBATb JIMĖOJIAKHJCKHMH roBopamMH A. Tpu Buza A0AroTH, TPH "TOHa" 3THX N'OBOPOB onpeenenn Own snepsue Hernanaom16, zavem Jlumze 7, a BNOCJIEJCTBHH Menexcom!8 (Koropuiū, BpoYeM, HH4erO HE TOBOPHJI O AMPTOHIMYECKHX COYETAHMAX), Dugzenuncom!9 u I1.1Imuarom20; Hefnana B nesasuee Bpems BHOBb mucan of 3THX BMAaX AOATOTHZ! no MOBOAY IKCNEPHMEHTANbHHX HAOJIOJEHMHA Hal HHMH amepukasnckoro ysénoro [IImmara — BaprenGeprepa. Hu Hefnana, uu Jlunae He yKa3HBAalOT HA TO, B KAKOH HMEHHO MECTHOCTH HJIH B KaKHX MECTHOCTAX JIaTHIICKOrO Kpaf CyWECTBYIOT TE TPH BHAA AOJIIOTH, Te TPH "TOHA", O KOTOPHX OHM IOBOPAT; TouHO Takxe H y KpymGepra, a pasio u y Crepcra, pa3MYAlONIHX, KaK MH YBHAMM Jajiee, TPH ~TOHA B JATHIICKOM H3HKE, HET YKa3aHWA HA Te rOBOPH, KOTOPHE KAX/IHA M3 HHX HMEET NpH 3TOM B BHAY. OTCyTCTBHE 3THX YKa3aHWH, a paBHO H TO OOCTOATEJIbCTBO, 4TO C Havana BOCbMHJIECATHX rofoB (uvenno c 1881r., Kora Guna nanesarana crates Jlunze) B Tegenne GoJiee 9eM JECATH JIET HE NOABNAIOCH B NEATH HHKAKOro coobuienua O Tpéx BHAAX JIATHILCKOH AOArOTH, NOOYAWIM MEHA B Hauasie AEBAHOCTHX IOAOB NPOCHTSH I. Bema (Velme), aroGu on 06paTh Bunuvanne JIATHILIEA HA 3TH HHTepeCHHIe GaKkTH B HX A3HKE H HA KPaHHIOW XEJaTeIbHOCTh TOYHHX YKa3aHWH HA TO, B KaKMX MMEHHO MECTHOCTAX JATHIICKOrO Kpas pas/iMyaloTCA TPH BHAA JOArOTH AOJIMX IACHHX, 16 Magazin, herausgegeben von der Lettisch-Literarischen Gesellschaft. 1874. XV B. Drittes Stiick. (crates 6e3 NOANMCH MMeHH aBTOpa). 17 Magazin. 1881. XVI B. Zweites Stick. 18 Rakstu krajums, izdots no Rigas Latv. biedribas Zinibu komisijas. 1894. 9. krajums. 19 Rakstu krajums. 1897. 11. kraj. "Tposxas zonrota B naTumckoM muke. Oraensunit ortuex wd COopumxa Oraenennn pycckoro muxa u chopecioctd Mmneparopexodt Axazemun mayx. 1899. T. LXVIL 2 Magazin. 1897. XX B. Erstes Stick. 190 AMĖTOHKTOB H AKOTOHTH4ECKHX coserannit. Ha sanpoc r. Benmma22 orBeruna rr. Ilenekc H Oumennnc. Ilenekc B neGojibimoji 3amerke O NATHIIGKOR AOJIroTE COOBMAET, 4TO ONHCaHHOE MM pa3/Hiue TPEX BMAOB JOJITOTH AJAOJITHX TMNIACHHX H AKHOTOHTOB landronrnseckue coseranus Ilenekc He paccMarpnHBaeT) OH CJisinIaji B Jinėjnanauu okono Bemsena (narumcekoe massanme Cėsis?3) w B Apyrux MecTax, Hanp., B Dzérbene; Juasenuuc B AOBOJIbHO OGWIMPHOA CraTbe O TPOAKOM NpOH3HOLIIEHHH JIATHIICKHX JOJIPHX IIACHHX, AMOTOHTOB H AMOTOHTH46CKHX CO4eTannAū (IMPTOHTH HM AMQTOHIHYECKHE CO4eTaHHA BMECTE JHa3eMuC Ha3kiraeT augronramu)?4 rosopur, gro TO TPOAKOE NPOM3HOIIEHHE THX 3BYKOB H 3BYKOBHX COYETAHMH, KAKOE OH ONMCHBAET B CraThe, CaM OH CiWman B okpecTHocTAX BojisMapa (natwm. HazBaune Valméra, Valmére). Tenep» u Heinnana coo6maer (8 “Magazin”, 1897r.), aro umenHo M3 roBOpa B Bosismape M3BeCTHH eMy HENOCPEACTBEHHO Te pa3jiM4KHA TPEX BHAOB JOJIOTH, KOTOPHE OH ONpeJeJIHji B CTaThe, Hanucannon B "Magazin" B 1874r. I1.ILImuar npoussoann HaOJUOJEHHA HAA TpeMA BH/AMH JATHIICKOA AOJITOTH B CBOEM POAHOM TOBOpE, HMeHHO "Ha rpanuue PomneGyprckoro H CMHABTEHCKOTO NpHXOJOB", T.€., KAK BHAHO Ha kapre Jluėjanguu, ovens GiM3ko OT Tex MecT, Ha KOTopHe ykasusaior Ilenexc, Auzenunc nm Hennana. B nunanackux rosopax A CymIeCTBYIOT MMEHHO CEAYIOWIME BHAH ACATOTH JONIHX TJIACHHIX, AMPTOHIOB H AMPTOHIHIECKHX COYCTAHMHA): 1) zonrora anmrensuas, 2) A0NroTa C NOJIHHM NEPEPHBOM, 3) zonrora, HasHBAEMAA MHOIO JOJITOTOIO C HENOJHHM NEPEPHBOM. pa nepBHX BHAA JOJNTOTH 3THX TIOBOPOB OJHOPOAHH INO NPHPOAE C COOTBETCTBYIOIIMMH pa3jiMūHAMH JOJITOT B rosopax Kypasmauu. OrnocHrejibHo AJIMTENbHOA JOJITOTH HAJO 3aMeTHTb, uro Jlunmje HasuBaer eč "BOCXOJIAINEIO, BO3PACTaioONIeI0” H HAXOAMT B HEM YyCHJIeHHe H NOBHINEHHe rojoca (CpaBH. Takxe y Jlunze "Art der Vocallange"); no Ilenekcy, B A0JITHX raCHHX C 3TOIO JOJIOTOJO BTOpasA 4aCTb MOxeT OHTb AnuHHee MH CHJIbHee NnepBož. CpaBH. NpHBEJČHHOS MHOIO BHILE ONpejejieHHe ITOH AOJITOTH Kak Bocxoismen y PosenGeprepa; takxe H onpeaenenne buneHmTeAna no OTHOWIEHMIO MMEHHO K AMdronram (CM. BHe) YKa3HBaE€T Ha NMPHCYTCTBHE BOCXOMALIErO 3/IEMEHTa, H NPM TOM B Havyaje ITOH aonrotd. C apyron cropoun, no [LIImuary, "rnacsas C JUIMTEJIbHOLO Aoaroroio NpOH3HOCHTCA pOBHO, 0€3 NOBHINEHMA WIM NOHHXEHHA rojoca”, H Tako Xe NPU3HAET 3TY AOArOTY JHA3EMHC NPH HOPMAJIbHOM, OOWYHOM nponH3HOnIeHnn (wanp., He NpH AEKJIAMATOPCKOM); B AMQTOHIMAX H B AHPTOHIHIECKMX COYETAHMAX, UMEIOUIMX 22 Pepepar Bensma o Tpoxroiū narwucxod aonrore (no uaGniozenuam KpymGepra, Heinauga u Jlumae) wanesaran B Rakstu krajums. 1894. 9. kraj. Ap. pyox. KBCb, KECb, KMCb. 4 Dugennuc omuGogio Aymaer, GYATO NOA PAVIMIHHMA BHAAMH MATHIUICKOM AOJITOTH A NOHMMAIO HūHA B KOJIM4CCTBE, H AAXKE NpeANOJIOXHMI, TO A NpHHHMAIO K NATHUICKOMY A3HKY Yueune BCKOTPO O TPEX KONMYECTBAX B JIMTOBCKOM A3kiKE. B ACRCTBHTEJIbuUOCTH HH4ETPO NOAOČHOTO mer, H BHAAMH JIATHILICKON AOJINOTH Ai HA3HIBAIO PAVIMIHE NATHIUICKOA AOJIPOTH NO wavecmey. B TOM xe CMHCJIE Baap rosopin 0 AByx soarorax (T.e. 10 KaueCTBY) B JATHIICKOM A3HKE TO OTHONICHHIO HMCIHHO K pa3JIM4KIO MEXAY AUIKMTEJIbHOIO AOJITOTOIO H. AOJIPOTOKO C NOJIHLIM NEPEPHBOM. 191 MAKTEJILHYJO AJOJITOTY, BTOpafi 9aCTb, NO JHA3EAMHCY, kak H no Baapy, npeacrasnser 60jibiuee KOJIMYECTBO CpaBHHTEJIbHO C nepsoio 4acTbiO. baap nu. Hefnana takxe nugero He NOBOPAT O BOCXOJJINIEM 3/ieMeHTe B AJiMTEJIbHOA AOJiroTe. Takum oGpasom, npu CONOCTABJIEHHH pa3JIMYKLIX ONpeJIEJIEHHA TOM JOJIrOTH B Kypiuananu H. JIKĖJIAKLJCKHX roBopax A MOXHO BHBECTH 3aKJIIOYEHME, 4TO NO OTHOLIECHHIO K JUIMTESILHOH JOJIroTE CYWIECTBYIOT HEKOTOpHe pa3jinuHA kak B Kypasamwamu, tak H B JluOjiaHAHH H 4TO B YACTH TeX H JApyTHX NOBOPOB OHA 3aKJIO426T B cele BOCXOJVILIHMA 3JIEMEHT WIM BO BCEM eč NpoTAXEHHH, HJIH B Havane. Ho JACRHCTBHTEJIbHO JIH 3TA JOJIOTa ABNSETCA B TOBOpaxX BOCXOJAILEIO H B 3KCIHpaTOPHOM OTHOLIEHHH, KAK H B TOHH4ecKOM? B TaKoM ciyuae IAQTOHMH H AMOTOHTHYECKHE CO4ETAHHA C JTO ĮJOJITOTOJO JIOJIXHH HMETb CJIOTOBONM 3BYK BO BTOpOH uacTH. Mm Xe BOCXOAAWMA 3JIEMEHT 3TOH JOJIOTH KACACTCA TOJIbKO TOHH4ECKOH CTOpOHH (noOBHIIEHHe rojioCa), MexxUJy TEM Kak B 3KCNHpaTOpHOM OTHONIEHHH B TEX XK€ M0BOpaxX MIMTE/bHAA JJOJITOTA AB/IAETCA HHCXOJANINJEIO, XOTA Ou li EKO ME LFL E WA IDINIMINE AJ MKLUJIOGOILYTOM į USA I IĮnėronrnueckue coueranux C JUMTEJIbHOJO JOJIFOTOIO CYWECTBYIOT B JIHGAAHICKMX roBOpax, MexAy NPOYHM, H TPH NOJIOXEHHH COHOPHOM COMriaCHORH HNepej riacHo, B TaKHX X€ Clyd9asX, Kak H B Kyp/AHACKMX roopax, nanp., B kana, vila. Hennana, npH3HABaA 3jzech AMĖOTOHTH4eCcKHe coveranusa ("unechte Diftonge"), rosopur, to HAJIO MHCATh B 3THX CydYanx ABOAHYIO COHOPHYIO COIJIacHylo, Hanp., B vila Hemnana BHMT villa. Jonrora c NONHHM NEPEpHBOM B JMPAAHACKHX ropopax A Boobie Takaa xe, kak H B Kypasniuu; O 3aMHKAHHH IOJIOCOBHX CBA30K, KaK OO YCIOBHM NOJHOIO nepepusa, rosopar Jlunze, [lenexc nm Ouszenmnc. Onpesenenue ato A0ATOTH y [L.IImuara, xoropwi Ha3kBaeT eš “npepuBucTOi0”, Jenaerca ueachmm; LlImmar 3aMeuaer, NpaBja, 4TO “MPH NpOH3HONIEHHH ITOH JOJITOTH TOJIOC Kak 6yaro Ču Bapyr NPEPHBAETCA WIM CKHMAETCA , HO BCĖ-TaKH €My KAXeTcd, 4TO "3TO, NOXKANyH, axe He HACTOAWIAA JOAroTa, HO OYATO HAaCHJIbHO BHKMMAEMHM KOPOTKMA 3BykK . B AHQTOHrax HW AWPTOHIMIECKHX COYETAHHAX, HMEPINHX 3Ty goaroty, Jlumuie wu Ou3ZeIMHC Tak Xe, kak H Baap, cammar nonnui nepepus BO BTOPOM 3BYKE, T.e. BO BTOPOH TJIACHOH HJIH B COHOPHOH COIr/IACHOM, MO3TOMY OH3AEJMHC, COrjiacHO C Baapom, H B 3THX AMOTOHTaX H JAKMĖTOKTHYECKHX COYETAHHAX ONpeJELJIAET BTOPOH 3BYK kak Gonee JIOJIrMA CpaBHHTE/IbHO C HepBHIM. OTHOCHTEJIbHO KOHEYHOM YACTH JOJIMOTH C NnOJIHLIM nepepuBoM Jiunjge roBopHT, 4TO KOHEL JOJIrOA TrJIaCHOR, NOCJIE NOJINOTO nepephiBa, NpOH3HOCHTCA WENOTOM, a KACATEJIbHO AMPTOHrOB 3aMEYaer, 4TO B HHMX BTOpaA rjiaCHaA, 3aKJIOVaIOlNiJaf, B cebe NOJINLIA NepephB, NpOH3HOCHTCA NOYTH wénorom (T.e., BepoxTno, Jae cChnmmiaT weénor nocjie nepepusa). Ilo Owmenmicy, KOHeU JAOJINOTH C MOJIHHM NEPEpHBOM Kak B JAOJATHX IIACHHX, TAK H B AMPTOHrax H AMGTOHrHIecCKHX coderanuax obpasyerca wénorom; no [lenexcy, B soarux raacuux c 3TOI0 AO/IOTO BTOpafi 9acTh, NOCJIE NEepepuBa, ECTb MMEHHO NPOM3NOCHMAA THXO. Cpasu. ne pnoane scioe onpezenenne y Bunemmrtenna, no koropomy B Audronrax Bropaa raacuas "klingt tonlos, deshalb gelinder und kiirzer nach”, B AXQTOHIHYECKHX COYETAHMAX JUIABHAA MAM HocoBas coruiacuaa "hallt leise und leicht nach”, B A0ArMx riacuux BTOpOR aaement npowusnocurca "leicht und kurz". B 192 NEpBOM YaCTH JAOJIFOTH C NOJHHM NEpepHBOM, T.€. B ACTH AO NOJIHOTO nepepuisa, HMeIOlleR KonuuecTso Gonbwe oauon Mepu (no Baapy nu Omasenmncy) ocračros HEPaIbACHEHHOI eč TOHMYECKAs CTOPOHA, a MEXAY TeM, KaK MH YBUIAMM Janee, MOET NPEACTABMTLCA BONPOC, HE 3aKiovaeT JIH B cele 3Ta 4acTh NOBHIIEHHE TOJIOCA NEPEA NOJNHHM NEPEpPHBOM, T.e. HE MABJIAETCA JM BOCXOAALIEID B TOHHYECKOM OTHOLLEHHH. Tperui BHA AOJOTH B TOBOpaX, HA3HBAEMHX MHOK JIMŠJIAHJCKHMH roBopamMH A, Oun orkpur HennansomM (B cramse 1874 roza)?D, nocie Toro xax Kpym6epr Pa3/IHIHI YK€ B NaTHIICKOM A3HIKE TpH "TOHa", NO OTHOLIGHMIO K JAPYTHM PaiHIMAM B "TOHe" B KAKOM-TO ApyroM rosope (cm. muxe). Henan masupaer ary AOJIroTY "halbgestossene ~~ Aussprache" H B nepsoit CBOeii CTaThe OH ONpeJejiHji TAKYIO AOJrYIO TIaCHYIO Kak COCTOAllYyI0 "aus einem gestossenen und einem gedehnten kiirrarn Yokal" 3m nnnamanaimia ronamn na nani In Ynaūriūx marina paannualoTca "gestossene Aussprache” u "gedehnte"), sa u camomy Hefinanay ono Kaxerca Teneps neyzosnersopurensunM ("Magazin”, XX B., erstes Stiick, c. 8), Ho ANA HAC OHO BCE-TAKM BEPHO B TOM OTHOLIEHHH, Te CBHMAETENBLCTBYET O CyIIECTBOBAHMH Kakoro-To nepepusa B ator goarore Ha cayx Hennamja. To xe npousHomenue, no ciopam Hennanza, sBNfAeTCA B HEMEUKMX AJOJIDHX IJIACHHX M Andronrax B ocraefickux ryGepumax (vexay tem kak Posenbepr He orimuan, kak MH BHAMM, HEMEUKYIO JOJIOTY OT JIATHIICKOW AOArOTH C MOJAHHM NEPEPHBOM, T.e. OT "gestossene Aussprache"). [lo onpezejiennio Junge, natumckas aonrora, Ha3upaeman Hemnanaom "halbgestossene Aussprache", ects zonrora “Hucxoasmas, ocnabnaiomasnca”, MMEHHO TakKaf, NpH KOTOPOH BTOpas 4aCTb 3BYYMT Cnabee H HMXE NO TOHY, 4eM NepBas YaCTb; OTHOCHTE/IBHO JOJITHX IIACHHX C TaKOIO JOJIroTOIO JIumze rosopur, 4TO OHH ACHO CJIHIIATCA M3 JABYX TECHO COEAMHEHHHX KpaTKHX TIaCHHX, a 3TO 3aMedYanue CBMJETE/ILCTBYET ONATb-TAKH O NPEPHBHCTOM xapakTtepe Aannon JOJIrOTHL Cornacho C Heananaom wu Jlunje HaxoAuT B HEMEUKMX AOATMX TjaCHHX H Audronrax (B NATHILCKOM Kpae) A0JroTy TOXKAECTBEHHYIO C JIATHINICKOIO TpeThelo aoaroron. — Us CONOCTABJIEHHA ONpeJeNeHuA TOR naTuuickon JOJIroTH y Hennanga (B nepson crate) H y Junge a, emė B TO Bpems, koraa He ŪkUIM H3BeCTHH HaGmiosenms [lenekca, 25 Henan, xax 310 BHAHO u3 obeux ero crated no sammomy sonpocy (1874 u 1897), cam me NPH3IHAET, OAHAKO, 4TO B ACACTBHTE/IBHOCTH €My NPHHAANEKMT BCA 4CCTb OTKPHTHA TOM JIATHIUCKOH Y4ecKOf) AOJITOTHI, KoTopyio oH hasusaer "halbgestossene Aussprache”. Heinana ccunaerca Ha pymbepra, XOTA H BHAHT, 4TO AOCTATOYHO 3HA4HTEJIbHO PACXOAMTCA C HHM B AAHHOM BONPOCE; HO TpeTHA rou” y KpymGepra ("HHCXOARIIMAT) H no ONPEACNCHHIO, KAKOE JAN eMy Kpyulenr, M, rJiaBikiM OGpa3oM, no Te, copceM He ToT, 310 “"halbgestossene Aussprache y Heanaua (cm. y mens zanee). Kpome Toro, Heiviaua aymaer, ero ewe Biorruep B OMHOM KHHKKE Marasuna”™ yxazan Ha npumep vile € Tpema 3uasennanMu“ ("nuna", "kaima y nates”, "obmaiyn’), rae pasnuuse Tex TPEX "NpOH3HOLIICHHA : KAKME 3aTeM paviusaeT H B Apyrux ciysasx ou, Hednaus. fl we maxoxy, OAHaKO, B xumxxax | Maraansa TOMO YKAAHMA; TAKKE H JWIBENHEC M'OBOPHT, 910 He Mor HašTH ero. Biorruep B Toit crate B "Marasnue", PAE OH PACCMATPHMBAET BHAN JNATHIICKMX AOJITOT, pa3jiH3aeT ABA, HE TPH BHAA (CM. y MEHA Bune), a B sacTu nNpHMEpOB ANA ONPEAC/ICHHA WM pasiinunė B "Vocallaute" Oi NPUBOAMT, B PAATHYHEX MECTAX CTaTbH, H TPH, H serupe cosa vile, Ho npu arom wihle "nuna" C AjurenbHOAOJIruM i, wihle “xaiMa y rated” C Tem AONTMM 1, XoTopoe DloTTHEp Onpejendn Kak "accentuirter Laut” (r.e. ¢ nonunm nepepupom); OH OTJin32eT oe uma Wille (Vile) c KparkuM i H wille "mepcrb , T.e. vile , XOTA nocieAuee COBO OH NHCAJI Taxxe wille. Hao sameruts, 910 B rosope Henan vile “xafima y 1UIaTsa” MEET TPETHA BHA AOJITOTH "halbgestossene Aussprache” ¢ A0JIruM i, MeXAy TeM Kax BiorrTHep, A Aymao, He 3Han 3TOro BHAA AOJINOTHL. 193 Ouasenunca nu II.Lilvnjra, BuBen 32aKJIO36HHEe, 4TO TpeTbA JAOJIPOTA JIKOJIAHJICKHX roBopoB A cen H3BecTHOro poja NpepHBHCTaA JAOJIrOTA HMEHHO Takas, KOTopas no KpaiHeH Mepe B 3KCIMpaTOpHOM OTHOILIEHHHM Npej/ICTaBJUICT ABE BEPLIMHH: MriaBHylO B Hauajie H BTOPOCTENEHHYIO, HE3HAYMTENbHYIO, B KOHUE. Takoro poja npephiBHCTYlO JOArOTY A HA3HBAI0 AOJITOTOJO C HENOJHHM NEpepHBOM. JTO 32KJIO4eHME noATBepx12eTCA TeM ¢akrom, uro Heūšnaumgs Bo Bropoi Crarbe OT/IHYAET "halbgestossene Aussprache” įMO$TOHrH46eCKHX CO4eTaHHH OT TOrO NPOH3HOLICHHMA, KAKOE MMEIOT COYeTaHHA "KpaTKas IJlacHas + COHOPHAA COr/lacHas™ NMpH MOJIOXEHHH He nepel COIrJIACHOIO; TOJIbKO NEpe] COIJIACHOIO 3TH CO4eTaHHA MPEeACTABNAIOT pa3/iH4HA mexay "gedehnte, gestossene, halbgestossene Aussprache”, M, ciei0BaTebHO, NpH NOJIOXEHHH B KOHUE C/I0B AMdronruieckue coveranna B ropope Heinansa, kak H B KYPJAHACKHX TrOBOpax, HMEIOT IJKCNHPATOPHO-HHUCXOAfllEe KaueCTBO LUeJoro coueranus, oTiuuaiomeeca or "halbgestossene Aussprache” (y Hednamsa mer npumepoB)26. 3arem nago 3amernts, aro Heinana u Jlnunge OTOXAECTRAAIOT C Tperbelo NATHIICKOIO JOrOTOI0 JHQIAHACKMX I'OBOPOB A HEMEUuKyio Aoaroty (B NaTHIICKOM Kpae) TOJIbKO B HEMEUKHX JOJITHX TPJacHHX H AMQTOHrax, HO HE B HEMEUKHX COYETaHMAX "KpaTKaA IJacHas + COHOPHAA COIJIACHAA TOrO Xe CJIoBA ; MOCHEMHHe, CJIEJJOBATEJILHO, NPEACTABIAIOT IKCIMPATOPHO~HUCXOAALLEE KAYeCTBO LIEJIOro CO4CTAHHA, MEX/y TEM KaK HEMELKHE AMPTOHI'M B NMPOHU3HOLIEHHH OCT3ECHCKHX HEMLEB KaXYTCA H MHE MMEIOLIMMH ABE 3KCIMPATOPHHE BEPLIMHH. Ilenekc naswBaer TperHA BHA AoaroTH (sropoi y [lenekca) natnmckum TEpMHHOM, NpeJCTABIIAIONIJHM coboi0 nepeBos HEMEUKOro "gestossen”, H ONpeAenfeT JOJIrHEe TJIaCHHE C 3TO0 JAOArOoTOK) Kak TaKHe, B KOTOPHX NepBad 9acTh NPOHM3HOCHTCA CHAbHEE, I'poMYe BTOPOH; MO KOJIM4ECTBY ata AOJIroTa, rosoput [lenekc, xoposue AIMTENbHOH, HO OH HE YKa3WBaeT Ha kakoe-Jinbo OTJjIMYKHEe e€ B KOJIM4ECTBEHHOM OTHOIIEHHH OT AOJINOTH C NOJIHHM NEPEPHBOM. VY II.Lllwunara aTa NaTHIICKAA ACArOTA HA3HBAETCA ~HMCXOAAWIEID : "rJiaCHaA C HHCXOAALLEIO JOJITOTOIO NPOM3HOCHTCA Tak, Kak OyATO COCTOMT M3 ABYX 4Yacred, npHučM Nepean umeer yaapenue” (cpasu. onpesenenve Jlunze). Takyo soaroty soarux rhacuux MH. [lmuar, kak u Hennana, u Junge, naxoanr B NpHOAaJITHACKOM Hape3HH HEMEUKOro A3HKA, a OTHOCHTE/IbHO AMGTOHIOB C 3TOIO JOJITOTOI0 OH TOBOPHT, 9TO "3TO BOODLE Camoe eCTecTBeHHOe MH camoe obuuHoe NpOM3HOIIEHHE™ HM 9TO OHO CYLIECTBYET H B PYCCKOM fA3HKE, Hallp., B CJIOBaX: val, paid, aad. YKazande Ha TO, 9TO JATHIICKAA AOAroTa, Ha3uBaeMas [LI muarom HUCXOJAILIEIO, B JAEACTBUTE/NLHOCTM HE €CThb NpOCTad HUCXOAAIIAaA, A BHXY B npusnasaemom [IImuaTom oTHIMH AMGTOHIHYECKHX COYETAHMA C 3TOIO JAOJIrOTOJO OT JAMĖOTOHTHYECKHX CO4eTaHHH B KOHLE CJIOB. [lpn nanucahHH TaKHX CnoB, Kak tam, 26 lume, PACCMATPHBAA TPH TOHA B AM(TOHIHIECKUX COYCTAHMAX, HAXOAMT “HMCXOAAMA TOH" (T.e. TPETWA BHA AOJITOTH), MEXAY NPOYMM, H B COYCTAHMAX "KPATKAA IVIACHAR + COHOPHAA COIJIACHAR nepes raacuoi0”, Hanp. B gaia, zeme W Ap, (a npuMepoB ANA COYECTAHWMA "KPATKAA IJIACHAA + COHOpHAX cornacias” B KOHUE CJIOBA OH He AAČT), HO MoxuO AyMats, 910 JlMiae NpuIEN K TaKOMY 3aKJIOSeEHMIO NG HA OCHOBAHMM TOMO, 9TO COYETAHMA "KpaTKAA MIACHAA + COHOPHAA COr/IACHAA NEPEA IMACHOK HMMEIOT B JATHIICKOM A3WKE ~AIMTEbHNA TOH B TaKuMX CJiysasx, kak kafia (CM. swe), xoTa "TOHa" C nousm nepepimBoM H JIMIAE HE HAXOAMT NPM JIOJIOXENHH COHOPHOR COrNACHOA nepea raacuowo. Hefnana so sropoit CTATbE, A AYMAIO, Npas, npusuasas owmGoaunm mueuse Jlunae O TaKMX Ciysasx, KAK gaia, zeme H Ap. 194 kam, LlImuar ne oGosuasaer B AuėrOHTH46CKHX COueTAHHAX HH OJHOIO M3 TPEX paccMaTpHBaeMHX HM BHAOB AOJINOTH, WMEHHO NOTOMY, KOHEYHO, 9TO 3TH COYETAHMA TPH NOJIOXEHHH B KOHLUE CoB M B roBope LlImuara, kak H B Apyrux, O KoTOpHX Ai FOBOPHA BHIE, HMEIOT 3KCNHPATOPHO-HHUCXOMALIEE KAYECTBO LEJIONO COYETAHMA. Hens3a Takxe ne oGparHTb BHMMAHME HA TO, 4TO ANA OGO3HAYEHMA Tperbero BHAA sonroti Llmuar nonsayerca 3HaKOM ~, KOTOPWA B HANMCAHMM AMOTOHTOB MH AMQTOHTHIECKHX CO4eTaHHA OH CTaBAT Hai GyKBOD, Bhipa:KAD0IIJEIO BTOPOH 3BYK 3BYKOBOIO COYETAHMA, HAND. B ai, af MH Ap.; TakoH cnocol OGo03Ha4eHHA ITOH AOJIrOTH eaBa iM Oki ABHJICA, ec Oki Camas JIOJIrOTA GHIA NMPOCTOI0 HHCXOAMIEIO. Takum obpazom u B rosope Illmuara zonrora Tperbero Buaa NpeACTaBNAET 00010, A AyMalo, JOArOTY C HENOJHHM NEPEPHBOM, C ABYMA SKCIHPATOPHHMH BEpIIMHAMM, a onpelenenue 3TOA oarotH y [lenekca, xora He paspachser ed NPHPOAHN BO BCAKOM Cydae HE yKa3nBAET HA NMPOCTO HHUCXOAAIIEE KAYeCTBO, Aa H camas JOAroTa 3Toro Buia He Hasmsaerca y [lenexca mmcxomsamero. Ho y Oumenunca TperbA AOJiroTa ompefenserci Tak, 4TO AEACTBUTENBHO HE MOXeT OHTb OT/IMWMA OT JIOJI'OTH 3KCNMPATOPHO-HUCXOAAWEH. OHA3E/MHC HA3HBAET TY AONrOTY “HHCXOJAIIMM NPOM3HOLIGHMEM™ H TOBOPHT, 9TO 3TO "HHCXOJIAIEC NPOH3HOIIEHHE™, NpH KOTOPOM NepBaA 4acTh ARAeTCA Gonee CHIBLHOIO, 9eM BTOpaf, CYILECTBYET, MEXAY NPOIMM, H B AMOTOHTH46CKHX COYETAHMAX B KOHUE CJIOB, HANp., B kur, kam. Ciiorn ¢ "HHCXOJIALIIKM NpOH3HOLIEHHMEM", no HAGJUOJEHMIO Jua3e MHC, KOPOY€ CJIOTOB C "JUIMTEJIbHLIM NPOM3HOIIEHHEM™ M TeX, KOTOpHe 3akilodaer B cebe NOJIHLIA NEepephIB, H NPEACTABIAIOTCA NpHOJIH3HTEJILHO TOJILKO ABE MOPH, MEXAY TEM, KaK B ABYX APYrHX AOJIHX “NPOM3HOWEHMAX OHASEJIMHC HAXOAMT NpMOJIM3HTEJILHO TPH MODH; NMO3TOMY B AMQTOHrax H B JAMOTOHTHYECCKHX COYETAHMAX NpH ~HUCXOAALIEM NPOM3HOIEHHH OGe COCTaBHHE 4aCTH 3BYKOBOINO COYETAHMA ABIAIOTCA KPATKHMH, H TaKOTO poja AMQTOHIH ai, au, ei, NO MHEHHIO JHI3E/MHCA, CliejoBao Oki NuCaTb aj, av, ej, nojobHO TOMY, Kak MMIIYT ev B sev, tev, rae AMPTOHr eu HMeeT "HHCXO/AlLIEE NPOU3HOLIEHHE™, XOTA HAO 3AMETHTb, ITO TEM HE MeHee CAM OHA3EJMHC obo3nagaer NpoMsHOIIEHHE AMPTOHIOB H AHMOTOHTHUECKHX COYETAHMA 3HAKOM “ HAJ GyKBojo, BHPAXKAIOLIEI0 BTOPYIO 4ACTb 3BYKOBOIO COYETAHMSA, HANp., B HANMCAHMAX ai, ar HK Jap. : Brnipouem, Onuzejiuncy n3Becrex H Takom rosop, HuMeHHO B Drusti, rie cioru C "HHCXOJAILIMM NPOH3HOLIEHHEM MOTYT HMETb TAKXKE H KOJIHYECTBO NPHOIM3UTENBHO B TPH MOpH; Hanp., B draūgs ( ° y Ouasenunca 3#aK "HMCXOAAMIEr0” NpOH3HOLIEHHA), H 316Cb AM@TOHr au npeicTaBiser NpHOJIH3HTEJIbHO ABE MOPH, HO B drauga B TOM rOBOPE C "HMCXOMAIIMM NMPOM3HOLIEHHEM HMMEIOT NpHOJIM3HTEJIbHO TPH MOPH. B cram C 3THM KOJIHYECTBEHHHM pa3/iMideM MOIMIO OH HAXOAMTHCA pa3inune H B KauyecTse gaonroTH (cpaBi. npuoaMMbe Mio onpesenenns soarot y Crepere), Ho Juasenunuc HE NOBOPHT O TAKOM pa3JIH4MH. Urak, a aymaio, 4ro TpeTbA AONrOTa B JHPAANACKMX roBopax A €CTh MMEHHO AOJINOTA C HENOJINLIM NEpepHIBOM, C ABYMA 3KCIMPATOPULMM BEPLUMIAMM, XOTH MPH 3TOM fl CYMTAIO BO3MOXILM, 4TO B YACTH AAlIKLX roBopos (B rosope JuasenMica) ona M3MENAeTCA B AOArOTY aKcnuparopho-nucxoaduyio. Us obmenarumckoro s3mka noayyena Guna B 3TMX CJly9afiX AOArOTA HM C HENOMULM NEPepHBOM, KAK MH YBHAHM Janee. 195 [lo xonuuecTBy JIATHLUCKAA AOJITOTa C HENOJIHHM NEPEPHBOM OAMHAKOBA, NO- BHAMMOMY, C J0/INOTOI0, HMEIOILEIO NOJIHHA NEpPEepHB, H HECKOJIBKO KOpO46 MIMTENbHOH zonrotu. Hano aymars nostomy, 910 B AMGTOHrax H AMGTOHIHYECKHMX COYETAHMAX H MPH 3TOM BHAE AONIOTH, Kak M MPH ABYX APYIMX, BTOPOH 3BYK HMEeeT GoJiburee KOJIHYECTBO CPaBHMTEJIbHO C NMEPBHM, XOTA HECKOJIbKO KOpOYe TOro Xe 3ByKa B AMQTOHrax H B AMPTOHrMYECKHX COYETAHMAX C ANMTENBHOW jgoarorow. Ans 0o603Ha4eHHA AOJITOTHI C HENOJIHHM NepepHBOM (TpeThed AOArOTH) JIMOJIAHJICKHX rOBOPOB A # NOJB3YIOCh 3HAKOM ~ , KOTOPHH, KaK A 3aMETHJ] yXe, C TeM Xe 3nasenvem ynorpebaserca n y II. [limmara. Pasinune Mexay Tpems BHAAMH JOJITOTH B JMQAAHIACKMX rosopax A B Haubonbmem KOJIM4eCTBE npumepos onpeaeseno I. [lImmuarom no OTHOLIEHHIO K pasnMYHEM cioram cnosa. Jia nepBoro iora CJIOB MHOTO NMPHUMEPOB JAET TaKxke OHI3E/HHC, Y KOTOPOrO B CAMOM TEKCTE €ro CTaTbH 0003HAYEHO BMECTE C TEM KayecTBO AONIOTH B KOHEYHOM CJIOTE HEOJHOCNOXKHHX CJIOB, XOTA JHA3ENMHC FOBOPHT, 9TO 3aTPYAHAETCA TOYHO pa3inuaTh ANMTENbHOE HW ~HHCXOAfAUIee™ NPOM3HOLIEHHE B Henepsom core cob. Y Heinanza npusesens npumeps TpEX BHAOB JOJITOTHI TOJIbKO Ana nepsoro caora; Jluuse wu I[lenekc, kpome npumepos TpEX AoAror B TOM Xe HapeHH, CoOOIAIOT KOE-YTO H OTHOCHTEJIBHO KA9€CTBA JOJINOTH B HENEpBOM CJIOME, npuuém Jlunge us crysaes aroro posa Gepėr HCKNIOIMTENBHO JIHIIb JOJITHE IVIACHHE B konue cos. [lo OTHOLIEHHIO K NEpBOMY CJIOTY CJIOB IATHIICKHE MOBOPH, HA3HBAEMHE MHOIO THQIAHACKHMH roBOpaMH A, He NPEACTABIAIOT, NO-BHAMMOMY, KaKHX-JIKGO o0umx pa3jiMynA Mexay coGoio B YynoTpeGjieHHH TPEX BMAOB AOATOT, T. €. B NEPBOM CJIOTE CJIOB, HACKOJILKO MO3BOJAET CYAMTh COOpaHHHM NOKA MATEpHAJI, pa3jiMūKA MeXJIY 3THMH roBOpamMH B VNOTpEeOJIEHHH TpEeX BH/IOB JIOJITOT AIBJIACTCA Hub B OOJ6ee HJIH MEHEC L/MOMIKHIX Clysanx““, K Takum HCKJUO4EHHAM NpHua„UJiexaT Hanp. aūkla "mmnypoK" y JmmsemncaZd u IIlunara = aūkla y Heūnnamsa, aūkle "manpka” y Omasenunca npu aūklis y Hennanja, grézt "Beprers" B rosope IIlwnara = grėzt okono Bommsapa (npuseseno y Illwnara), kurlis B rosope IIlwnara = kuflis y Illwnara uz Apyrux rOBOPOB H kufls y Jumsennuca, ūdze y Illwnara (npuseseno xak cioBo M3 JiuTeparypioro Hapeuna) = Šdze y Oumsenmnca, Gtris B roBope Llmmara = ūtris B roBope Tpuxarenckoro npuxosa (npuseseno y LIlwnara), sndgt "naocrurarb" y Oiugennuca u y IIlwnara = snégt y Heinanaa wu ap. [pu conocrannennn JMIAHACKHX roBopos A .€ KYP/AHACKMMH IOBOPaMM Haj0 pa3jin4aTb NO OTHOLIEHMIO K KAYeCTBY CTapol AONTOTH (T.£. HE B HOBHX AM@TOHIax M AMOTOHTH4. COYETAHMAX) NEPBOTO CJIOTa CJIOB, BO-TIEPBHX, C/I0BA, NOJNYYEHHHE HE OAHOC/IOKHHMH (CIEJOBATEJIbHO, MEXAY NPOYHM, H HOBHE OJAHOC/IOXHHE CJIOBa, C YCTPaHEHMEM IJIACHOrO KOHEYHOr'o CJiora), H, BO- BTOPHX, CTapHe OAHOC/IOXHWE cioBa. B mepsom ciore cos, noayuennux ne OAHOC/IOXKHHMHM, ANMTENBHOA AOArOTE KYP/JAHACKMX I'OBOPOB COOTBETCTBYET H B B ciosape IIlwnara pcrpesaioTCA, BNPoYCM, Hi HECOMHCIHHIE ONEYATKH B 3HAKAX AOJIOTHL „ Ilpu conocrasneunu marepuana, cobpansoro y Ounsaeninuca u y Lilwnara nago se 3aGusars, ATO WAH HM” y WDENMECA MMEIOT 3Hateune, obpaTHoE TOMY, Kaxoe Olin nonysaor y Lllwwara: max o y BHPAXACT KaueCTBO TPEThEH A0MOTH (“HMcxoanwmee npousnowenue” no Jwoeamucy), ay HCIO CY XHMT ANA 0603HAYCHMA NONLOID NEpepuBa. 196 JMMĖOJIAHACKHX roBopax A TaKxe gjnTEJbHAAm JgOjiroTa (3a EJECHH49HHMHM MKCKIUOYEHMAMK), MEX AY TEM KAK B OOOTBETCTBHH C KypISHACKOA JOJITOTOJO, HMEIOIIEI0 NOJIHHA NEPEpHB, JMĖJAKACKME FOBOPH A NPEACTARIAIOT B OJHHX CIYUAAX Ty Ke AOJINOTY C MOJIHLIM NEPEPHBOM, a B APYTHX CYSafX — TPETHIO JOJIroTy (C HEMOMHHM NEPEPHBOM); pa3imMune MeXAY TEMH H ApyTHMH CJlydaAMH HE OGLACHAETCA M3 JIATHIICKOrO0 A3HKA B €ro OTAE/AbHOM CYUIECTBOBAHMM, HO, KaK INOKA3HBAET CONOCTAR/ICHHE JIATHIICKOIO A3HKA NpexXJE BCETO C JIHTOBCKMM HA3HKOM, pa3JiMuKe B 9TOM Ciy9a€ Mex1y JAOJIMOTOIJO C MOJIHHM NEPEPHBOM HM Tperbelo A0AroTol (c HeNnNOJIHLIM NEPEPHBOM) CoxpaHAeTCA B JMOJAKJCKAX roBopax A H yTpasena B KYPAAHACKHX TOBOpax, rie 002 3TH BHAA JOJITOTHI COBIAJIKA B OJHOM AOJITOTE C NOJIHLIM JIEPpEepLIBOM, OCHOBHWBACTCA HA CTAaphX JONATHIICKMX Dpa3jiKuHAX B BHIAX AONrOT H B Mecre yaapenus. [Ipuvepu Gyayuu npusesenn MHOIO Huxe, Kora A Gyay FOBOPHTb O NPOMUCXOXKACHHH OOLIENATHIICKHX BUAOB JIOJIMOTH. B crapHx 0AHOCIOXHHX CNOBAX B COOTBETCTBMM C JIMTEBHOIO JOJIMOTOJO KYP/AAHIACKHX TOBOPOB JIHM@IAHACKHE IOBOPH A MMEIOT B OAHMX Ciydaax Ty Xe AONIOTY, a B APYIMX — TPETbel0 JIOJIMOTY; Hanp., Kyp/AAHACKMM C10BaM ta "ara", més "MH", jūs "BH" H B IM@UIARACKMX roBopax A COOTBETCTBYIOT Takxe ta, més, jas, Ho, HANP., NpH KYPJAHACKUX ta "aroro", po. ma. (BuieHmiTeAn NpUBOAMT Takxe H ta, C BONPOCHTE/ILHHM 3HAKOM) ty, tas, mūs, jis, MH HaXOAMM B JIMOJIAKHJICKHX roBopax A: ta, tū, tas, mūs, jūs. OGsacnenne atux cniysaeB Gyaer npegcTaBjieHo MHOro nuxe. Kypasmackon AOJOTE C NOJIHHM NEPEPHBOM B CTAPHX OJHOCJIOXIHHX CJIOBAX COOTBETCTBYET B audaanickux TOBOpax A Boobie TpeTsa JOJiroTa, Hanp., KypJi. kū (y bBunenmresina Takxe H kū npH H3BecTHOM YynoTpeGjienun) = nės. A kū, kypa. tai (H tai B sacrn rOBOpoB) = aud. A tai, kypa. jau (u jaū B sacri roBopoB) = Jinėj. A jaū; HO B COOTBETCTBUHM C Kypi. tris "TpH" nufnsnickue ropopu A mmewor tris (o6nacuenne 3TON0 MCKJIIOYEHHMA CM. HUXKE). Pa3nuune Buia Crapo JAOJITOTH B HEHEPBOM CJIOTE CJIOB B JIKOJIAHJICKHX TOBOpax A onpejejinerca B GojibumiucTBe CJiygaeB, Kak A 3aMeTHJI yxe, Toasko y [lImuara. B HenepsoM cuore npocTHX CJioB y LlImuara pasnuuaiorca Boobie Asa BHAA CTapon JAOJrOTH: JUIATEJIbHAA M C NOJIHHM TEPEPHBOM; TPETbA JJOJITOTA B HENEPBOM CJIOre NPOCTHX CJI0B CO CTapoio goaroroio ykasana y UImmara toneko ana augronros ai, ei, ii B OKOHYAHMAX JAT. Maj. el. 4. UMEH, Hamp., B malai, matei, sirdii, xoTA "B pa3roBope crapukcs™, no ciosam [IImuara, "BCe 3TH TpH QOPMH 3aMeHAIOTCA KOPOTKOIO raachoio i“ (r.e. §opmoio Ha i?), a BMECTO -il H MOJI0JOE NOKOJEHHe NpoH3HOCHT OOkIKHOBEHHO -i, HANp. sirdi. /[urejibuoe KaueCTBO AO/IIOTH B HENEPBOM CJIOTE NpOCTHX CJIOB B roBope LlIMuara MH HaXOJMM, MEXAY NPOYMM, B NOJIOXKEHHH nepej j, Kak COXpaHAIOLJHMCA, TAK H HCYE3HYBLIMM, H Tepe] IUIABHLIMH H HOCOBLIMH COMIaCHHIMH; B TeX Xe CIyuaiX, KAK MH BHIAMM, ABJIAETCA JUIMTEJIbHaAfi JJOJITOTA TaKXe H B OEBEpIIO-3aIlaJUJILIX KYPJIAHACKHX TOBOpaX, HO MEXXJŲY 3THMH POBOpaMH H IOBOPOM [Ilvnara CywecTByiOT, TEM He Melee, H3BeCTILNe pa3jiMuKHA B YCIOBHAX OGpa30OBalMA JAAMTENbIOA JAOJIOTH B TaKHX caydasx. Bce Jojirne rjachHe B HenepBOM CJiore HIpOCTHX CJIOB KaK NEpeA j, COXpaHAIOLUHMCA MIM MCIE3UYBIUMM, TaK H nepes 197 HOCOBHMH H IUIAaBHHIMH COTMiaCHhiMH, HMEIOT B roBope [lImmara anurensuyio JIOJIroTY. Cioja npunaanexar caepyiomue cCiysan y II|vngra: okonsanua mectn. naa. ea. 4. HMeH, Hanp., mala, bedré, bari, sirdi, tifgt;220konvanus najexHux opm npHjiaraTelibHHIX ONpejesieHnHx, Hanp., labais (rae ai us Ai, cm. sue), laba, labas; NPOM3BOAHKHE MMEHAa CYIIECTBHTE/IbHHE C OCHOBAMM Ha -(dja-, -dja-, -Gja-, Hanp., mėacitaš(-aš u3 -Ajš), po. nas. macitaja; aras (-a3 us -4j530 ), pos. nas. araja; gajėš (-ėš u3 -ėjš),poz. nas. gajéjadl ; npomussosume riaronbHue OCHOBH HACT. H Mp. BP., 3aKJIIOVAIOUIHME B cygdukce raacuue 3, & i nepea j, nanp., B ratdaju, sédéju (npom. Bp.), skaitiju (npom. Bp.); okonsanne I-ro Ji. mMHOX. 4. mpoil. Bp. Ha -dm, HANP., B devam, staigdjam; OkOHYaHMA AAT. naj. MH. 4. MMeH Ha -am, -Ėm, Hanp., B malam, matėm; HapeuMe prūjam “BOH, mpous”, coio3 ėkam “npexae vem” (nocneanee ormeseno y [lImmara kak Cj10BO M3 JIMTEPATYPHOrO HApe3HA, HO, HANp., y bunenmrenna ėkam C KpaTKMM G); NPOM3BOAHEE MMEHA C OCHOBAMM Ha -ana-, -ina-, manp., dzaltinc (konesnoe c w3 s nocie n)32, cémic (-ic u3 -ins), poz naa. cėmina; cymecr. vagars "crapocra"( u3 smrepatypuoro Hapewna, no Llmuary). Judronru é nm Ū B HenepsoM ciore NpocTHX CJI0B B rosope Lilmuara npu Tex xe YCJIOBHAX NMPEACTABIAIOT TaKXE MJIMTENbHYI0 AONrOTY, HO He BO Bcex ciaydasx. B ROJIOXEHHH NEPE] j, COXPAHAIOWEMCA WIM MCIE3HYBLIEM, AMOTOHTH € MH Ū Henepsoro ciora npocTHx ios B npumepax LlIMmara MMeEIOT TOJIbKO ANMTENBHYIO AOAIOTY, MMEHHO B OKOHYAHMAX NAJCXHHX GOPM NpUAAraTebHHX ONpejesieHHHX Ha -€, -Ū, -iis, nanp., B labg, lab{,, labūs H B NMPOM3BOAHHX rjarojax Ha -Ūju, HANp., B strejpuidiju, zva rūju H Ap., HO Ė H Ū NEpeA HOCOBOJO H IUIABHOIO COIJIACHHMH C10B00Opa30BaTE/IbHEX cy@prxcos33 oGosnavens y LlIMuara C JUMTEJIbHOIO JOJIOTOJO BOOGIIE JIMINb B TEX CJIy9afiX, re NpeAleCTBYIOUMA CJIOP MMEET AOJITOTY C NMOJIHLIM NEpepHBOM, MExXJY TEM KaK HHa46, NpH OTCYTCTBHH 3TOIMO YCJIOBHA, € H Ū TaKHX cyduxcos NpegCraBJIAIOT B roBopax IIlvngra sonrory c nOJiHbIM nepepusom (CM. B crarbe IIlvnara c. 8). Cpasn., nanp., C OJKHOM CTOPOHH, TaKHe Cily9aH, Kak augins, dzėrėns, ėdėns (ILIlvnar, crp. 8, onevarka); abūls, kūdūls, ūzūls, vitūls, Ho, c Apyrof CTOpoHH, Hanp.: dzilgne (dzaltūne — O. II.) gžiūne, magūne, makūnis; jaiitajéne, kamėnc, nesėni, dzangls, pūpūls (xora B kamūls nosemy-To JMTEBHAA AOJIroTA). Mu BuAMM, 4TO B CeBepo3anajHHX KypJAAHACKMX rosopax, Harnp. y baapa, JOArOTa HENEpBOro wIOra MPOCTHX CJIOB cama no cee ABRIAETCA A0JINOTO C JIOJIHLIM NEpEpHIBOM, Kak H B Apyrux rosopax Kypasimamu, H 9T0 JUIMTEJIbHAA A0ANOTa AOJIHX FIACHHX H AMQTOHrOB &, Ū (a B OAHOM M3BECTHOM MHE NpUMepe MH Audronra ai) HENEpBOTO CJIora NPOCTHX CJIOB HaOJIOJACTCA B 3THX KYPJAHACKHX I'OBOPax TOJIbKO B 29 B okOHSAMMAX MECTH. nam. MH. 4. MMČH B rosope LIlwnara aonrora C nonuum nepepusos (CM. uuxe), uanp.: malas, bedrés u T. 4; y Baapa anurensuan zoarora B ITHX OKOHSAHMAX OOBACHACTCA, KAK ri , BJIMAKMEM AHAJIOMMH. Pasnuune mexay atum -ūš w3 -3js, -ajš u -ais w3 -ajs, -4is B. MM. NaA. Npuiar. ONpeaA. , BEPOATHO, TEM, 4TO HA MMEH. Nad. EA. 9. UMEH Cyl. C OCHOBaMH Ha -tūja-, -dja- BAWAIO Aj, C J nepeg MACHHMM B OCHOBE ApyTHX NajexXed. 1B oom Cysae, MMEHHO B CioBe Vifsaji, T.e. virsaji "Bepecx" oGosmasena nosemy-To (onesarxa?) y Illwnara Aa0jiroTa C nOMHEM NEPEPHBOM. 32 Kyrsa a y Illmuara oGo3uamaer "e" orkpuroe. Jat. naa. Mu. 4. uM cym. Myx. p. okaususaerca B rosope [lmuara we ua —em, wo na -im. 198 NOJIOXEHMH NEepejl j,COXPAHAIOWIMMCA WIM HMCYE3HYBINHM, M JIEpEejA IUIABHHMHM M HOCOBHMH COI/IACHHMM; HECOMHEHHO NOSTOMY, 4TO ĮŲIMTEJIbHOS KAYCCTBO AOJIFOTH BO BCEX ITHX CiydasX ODYCJIOBJIEHO 31€Ch QOHETHYECKMM BIMAHMEM CO CTOPOHH J, IIaBHHX M HOCOBHX coriacuux. Ho B rosope IlImmara mnmurensmas gonrora HENepBoro Cjiora NpOCTOTO CJIOBA ABIAETCA HE TOJIbKO MPH NOJIOXEHHH AOJITHX ANACHHX H 9aCTH AMOTOHTOB € M Ū Nepejį j, COXpaHAIOLIHMCA WIH MCIE3HYBIINM, H nepėjį NIaBHYIO HH HOCOBOIO COIJIACHOIO, HO TAKXE H B APYTHX Clydasx. Tak Anurenbuas zonrora ormeuena y Illmuara B mmenax cym. ma -iba, -éc (u3 -ėtis), x.p. -ėte; -ic (u3 -itis), x.p. -ite; -néks, x.p. -nica, nanp., B ticiba, vacėc, krévéte, bralic (pox. nag. bralisa), saimnaks, saimnica; B KOHEIHOM CJIOTE OCHOB npHjiaraTejibHHX MH ACENPHYACTHA AEACT. 3a1. HACT. H OyAyul. Bp., Hanp., B virdic, takūš (rae 5 m3 ocios apyrux majexen), nakūt, nakšūt, zinit; B okonsanuu -ŽĖ BO 2 JI. MH. 9. TpOWI. Bp., Hanp., B. devat, staigajat. Anurenpnas aonrora craporo AMPTOHIHYECKOr0 COYETAHHA B HENEPBOM CJIOTE MPOCTHX CoB oBo3navena y [lImmara, Hanp., B cdturtais, cekurzis "imninka", titijbis (na3panue nTULH). Ąonrory c nojinuM nepepuBoM B HENepsoM core npoctHx cio LlImuar ONpeAeNAeT: B MMEHAX NMpWiaraTelbHHX Ha -dc (X.p. -3da), -dks, -igs, -ainc M B CYWECTBUTE/IBHEX HA -ainis, Hanp., B daZac, labaks, pédigs, bibarainc, kukainis, tavainis; B NPOM3BOAHKX IJIArO/bHHX OCHOBAX Ha -3-, -Ė-, -i-, -Ū- B NOJIOXEHHH HE nepeA1 j, Hanp., B raudat, raidaSana, ecėt, ecėkšas, adit, adiklis, vaizūt; B OKOHYAHHH BO3BpaTHOH (OOpMH MiaroJIOB, NpH4aCTHA H MMEH CYlIECTBHTEJILHHX, HAaNp., B kaūnės, kaunés, kainamės, kainatės, kaūtaės (cymun), kačinūtės (uM. rag. MH. 4. MPHYACT. HacCT. Bp.), kaiS5anas; B OKOHYAHMAX MECTH. Nal. MH. 4. HMEIOT, Hamp., B gaidūs, malas, bedrés, sirdis; B TaKMX HMEHAX CyIIECTBUTEJIbHHX, Gonee win Menee eAMHHIHHX NO oDpasoBanmio, kak Hanp.: apūgs; balūdis; galida; valida; tūkstūc H tūkstūš, validze; putraims u Ap. ŽojiroTa ¢ NMOJHHM NEPEPHBOM CTaporo AMGTOHIHYECKOrO COYETAaHHA B HenepsoM cuore cnos ykasana y [lImmara, manp., B paparde, skabarga. Hrak, necoMHeHHo, 4TO pasiviue MeX1y MIMTEIBHOIO JOJITOTOIO H AOJIOTOIO C NOJIHLIM NEPEPHBOM B HeNepBoM ciiore NpOCTHX cos B ropope IlImmara Bo MHOTHX CIy9aiX HE 3aBUCHT OT (OHETHYECKOro BIIMAHHA CO CTOPOHH COCEAHHX B CJIOBE 3BYKOB, T.€. OCHOBWBAETCA Ha CTApHX pa3/IMIMAX B KaueCTBE JOJITOTH TAKHX CJioroB (cm. Huxe).CnejoBarejibio, H TaM, TE MH HAXOAMM B 3TOM IOBOPE B TaKHX Xe CJorax MAJKTEJIbHYJO AOJITOTY Tepes j, HOCOBOIO MIM TUIABHOKO COTJIACHOI0, MH JOJIKHH (ormernts — O. II.) pasnuunne CjiyuaH, B KOTOPHX AIMTENLIOE KAYECTBO, BMECTO AOJIFOTH C MOJIHEIM TepepuBoM, 00YCIORIEHO BJIMAHHEM CO CTOPOHH j, HOCOBOM HJM IUIABHOA COrJIaCHOH, H COjiygaH ApPYyroro poja, rie nonydena Omnia Ta AOJITOTA, KoTopas cama no cebe fonxua Owna ABHTLCA Anurenshol B rosope LlImmara npu NOJIOXEHHAX B HENEpBoM ciiore npocThX CoB. [lostomy OTHOCHTEJIbHO OKOH4AHHA 2- ro Ji. MH. 4. pol. Bp. Ha -af, Hanp., B devat, Heb3A YTBEPXKJATh, 4TO MIMTEILHOE Kau4eCTBO A0aroTH OGpa30BaUIOCb 3iech Noi BiuanveM gopmu 1 JI. mu. 4. Ha -am, Hanp., B devam; Mu YBMAMM JaJiee, 4TO B TOM H APYIOM Cilygae -3 noiydeno Guo C TOI0 A04roTol0, Kotopas B rosope LLImuara sonxia Guia H3MEHHTbCA B UIMTENBHYIO MPH NOJIOKEIMH B HENEPBOM CJIOre NPOCTHX CJIOB. 199 C HenepBhiM CJIOPOM NMPOCTHX CJIOB OAHOPOJEH B H3BECTHĖIX CJIY4afiX NO YCJIOBHAM 06pa30BaHHA JUIMTEJIbHOR JOJIrOTH B roBope II|vnjra KOopHueBON chor CJIOB BO BTOpO# 4aCTH CJIOBOCO4EeTaHHA, HMEHHO B CJIOBAX COOCTBEHHOCJIOXKHLIX, 3AaKJUOYAIOLIHX B cebe WIH COEJHMHEHHE HMEHHLIX OCHOB W/IH X€ COC/MHEHHEe HeOJIEKTHBHOTO CJIOBA C OCHOBOIO MMEH CYIIECTBHTENbHHX, HO HE B CIAHTHO-C/IOXHHX CJIOBaX, OGpa3yeMhIX M3 COeJMHEHHA NPEAJIONoB C MIarojiaMH M C MMEHAMM NpHJiaraTeJibubiMH. B tex caysasx, ri€ KOPHEBOH CJIOT CJIOBA, ABJAIOLIErOCA BO BTOPOM YACTH TAKMX CJIOXHHX CJIOB, MMeeT cam no cebe, B OTAE/IBHOM CJIOBE, AOATOTY C HENOJIHHM MNEPEPHBOM, OHA usmenserca B ropope LlImmara B anurensuyio Aoaroty NpH ynorpebieHMM BO BTOPOH YaCTH 3THX CioxHHX cos. Cioza npuHaAneXart, Hanp., TaKMe Clyda, Kak apricis, šrūcis — cpasu. rūka; gaidaiic, kaklaiic, cpasu. afic (r.e. auts)34; mataiikla, cpa. afikla; pasparne "yGexnme" (no Bunemmredny, "Raum unter dem Fliigel"), cpasu. spafni "kpuaba” (cv. y [lmuara c. 8-9), Ho gojiroTa C HenoJiubiM nepepuBoM coxpanserca 6e3 H3MEHEHHA BO BTOPOA 42aCTH CJIOB, CIMTHHX NO 3HAYEHMIO, MH B NPOM3BOAHHX OT HMX, HANP., B acplistés (m3 at-s- plistés), aizmifst (xora npocrod raaron *mifst "3aGwBarL" He ymorpeGasercs), aizmafSigs, &lips, &kibs u Ap. Pasjūinune Mexay TEMM H APYTMMH HENPOCTHMH CJIOBAMH NO OTHOLIEHMIO K KAYGCTBY AOJIOTH B KOPHEBOM CJIOr€ BTOPOH 42CTH B ropope llImmara oGsacuserca, Hajzo AJAyMATb, TEM, 4TO B CJIOBAX, CJAMTHHX TNO 3HAYEHMIO, I/IABHOE yAapeHHe HeKOrJa NpOJIOJIXAJIO COXPAHATHCA B JIATHIICKOM A3HKE Ha KOPHEBOM CJIOreé BTOPOrO CJIOBA, B TO BpEMA, KOrJa yXe CyLIeCTBOBaJ 3aKOH OTHOCHTEJIbHO YAApAEMOro NEpPBOro CJiora CoB. Takxe H B CJIOBAX, CJIMTHHX NO NPOMCXOXKAEHHIO, coxpauserca Ges wuamenenua B rosope I[llmmara zoarora c HENOJIHLIM NEPEPHBOM B KOPHEBOM CJIOTE BTOPOrO CJIOBA, MPH OTCYTCTBHH HA 3TOM Core riaBHoro ygapenna, Hanp., B paldé “cnacubo” (mpu paldés, c rnasumm yAApeHHeM Ha BTOPOM CJiOre, CM. Hn2xe). B KYpJIAHACKHX rosopax BO BCeX 3THX Ciyyasx (Kak B CJIOBAX C/IMTHHX, TAK H B COGCTBEHHO CJIOXXHHIX) ABIAETCA AOArOTa C NOJHHM NEpepHBOM B KOPHEBOM CJIOre BTOPOHA 4aCTH HEMPOCTOro C/I0BA, H B 3TOM KYPJAHACKOM JOJrOTe B AAHHHX CIY9afxX MOMIH COBNACTh TE ABA BHAA A0ArOT, Kotopue B rosope LlImmara paznmuuaiorca kak AO/IrOTa C HENOJIHHM NEPEpHBOM H KaK JIMTE/IbHAA AOJITOTa, TAK Kak Beib H B HenepBOM CJOre MPOCTHX CJIOB KYPAAHACKAA AOArOTA C JIOJHHM NEpPepHBOM COOTBETCTBYET, MEXAY NpouuM, Anurenshon gonrore B rosope [lImmara. Ūro xe KaCaeTCA TeX HENpPOCTHX CJIOB, KOTOPHE 3aKJI0YAI0T BO BTOPOH 42CTH CJIOBO, MMEIOLiee B OTAEJILHOM YNOTpeOJIEHHH AIMTE/IbHYIO AOJIFOTY KOPHEBOIO CJIOra, TO B NPUMEpAX Y IIlwnuara, npaBaa O4eub HEMHOrOYMCNEHHHX, A. HAXOXKY COXpaHAIWeECH Ge3 H3MEHEHHMA 3Ty JAOJIOTY H BO BTOpOH 4aCTH Jaxe COGCTBEHHO CJIMTHHIX CJIOB, HANp., B 34 He acuo, oamaxo, noseMy ABWIACb AQAIOTA C NOJIHWM NepepuboM B prikSace y [lswara. IIlunar ommubosno obuacuser cioso adėne "kKopoBa, KOTOPAR TEJIMTCA 9epe3 ABA rosa” W3 at+d@na (npuylM NPOUCXOXKACHUE IHAYCHUN OCTABANOCH OM HENOUATHNM), B ACACTBMTELHOCTH, BTOpan sacTb B adėne, POACTBEHHO, KOHEWO, C JIKTOBCK. déni “Gepemenuas, Tensuan”, déninga "Gepemennas ua cuocax” B crosape IOwxesusa (cpasu. 8 LDW Kypwara "dėna d. diena trichtig”) u umeer, 1 aymao CTapyi0 AIMTE/BHYIO SOJITOTY, T.e. OOpa3OBABULYJOCA HE B CIOBOCNOXKCHUM (CM. HMXE O TAKMX xe chysanx). Heseposrunm xaxerca mue taxxe mueuue Llmuara, Gyaro croso adėfi "apuua" obpalosano M3 at+déna; Yaeman npu adéfi, adénis npusoaur u adifii u yxasusaer wa Jiuscx. adia. 200 pasaūle, cpasn. saiile; He TOJIbKO B CJIOBaX CAMTHHX, HANp., B pazit, cpaBH. zit; TaKXe H B KYP/UWIHACKMX roBOpax BO BCEX THX C/y4asX, KaK A I'OBOPHJ, LIMTE/IbHAA aonrora. Hanso aymats, nostomy, aro KOPHEBOH CJIOI' C JVIMTEJILHOJO ACJINOTOI0 MPH ynorpeOjieHHH C/I0BA BO BTOPOM 9aCTH CI0BA COGCTBEHHO CJIOKHOTO MMEET Ha cele B NATHILICKOM A3HKE 3HAYMTE/bHOE yjapenue (a B C/IOBAX CJIMTHHIX COXPAHAET HEKOTAA NONHOE yjapenne), Tak Kak MH XJajiK OH HHa3e Takoe ke MIMEHEHHE 31eCh ANMTENbHOH JONIOTH, KAK M B HENEPBOM CJIOTE NMPOCTHX CJIOB, HMEHHO AOJIOTY C HOJIHLIM NEPEPHBOM Kak B KYpJIAH/ICKHX rosopax, Tak H B rosope [lImmara. Hakoneu, B TEX HENPOCTHX CJIOBaX, KOTOPHE HMEIOT BTOPYIO 4acTb, OOpa3OBaHHYylO M3 CJIOBA, NPEACTAB/AIOWEr0 B KOPHEBOM CJIOr€ AOJIOTY C NOJHHM NEPEpHBOM B I'OBOPE IIlunara, ara gonrora coxpamAerca 34ech BO BTOPOH YaCTH CJIOB CJIMTHHX H CODCTBEHHO CNOXHHX, Hanp., B atraugatės, égaivis, raugatds, gaiva; B KYpJIAHJICKHX TOBOpaX B 3THX CJIY9afiX Takxe JOJIMOTa C NOJHHM NEPEpPHBOM. Jluune onpenejiner KauecTBO AOJITOTH B HenepBOM CJiOre CJIOB JMWb IIO OTHONIEHHMIO K JAOJIPMM MUIACHHIM B KOHLE CJIOB, HMEKHHO B OKOHYAHMAX MECTH. Maj. el. 4. MMEH, B OKOHYAHHAX 2 Ji. 64. 4. MH 3 A. HACT. Bp. NMPOM3BOAHHX IMlarojiOB C OCHOBaMH Ha -a, -€, -i M B KOHEYHOM -2 NpHJIaraTeJIbHHLIX ONpeJEJIĖHHHX, T.€. Boobie B HEKOTOPHX H3 TeX CJIy42€B, rie 3a JOJITOIO IrNjiacHOlO uciexno j. [lo onpezenenmio - Jlunge, gojirne rūachhie B THX OKOHYAHMAX HMEIOT TPETHIO A0AroTy (“HMcxoasuiyio” no Jlunze), nanp., B kūti (ecru. nas), mazga (2 m. eg. 9. u 3 Ji. macr. Bp.), laba (Mven. maz. ex. 4. X. p. H POA. maj. eg. 4. M. p.), H, CiegoBaTrejibuo, roBop Jlunje OTJIM42ETCA B TaKHX ciysanx OT rosopa LlImuara. Heinnana Bo Bropoi craTbe ynomunaer o6 arom HaOjojennun Jlumze, ne NPEACTAR/IAET BO3paxXEHHŪ, BCJIEJICTBHE UETO MOXHO JyMATb, YTO H B rosope Henuiarnjia KOHEYHHE JOJITME MIaCHHEe B HENEPBOM CJIOTE CJIOB, NEpejį HC4e3HYBINHM j, HMEIOT TY K€ TpeTbIO JOJIroTy. Takxe H y Duuzeniuuca B CAMOM JIATHIICKOM TEKCTe ero CraTbH OGO03HAaUeHa Tperba gojiroTa ("Hucxojamas" no OHAENMHCY) KaK B 3THX CJly9afX, Tak H B HEKOTOpHX ApyTHX, OAHOpOAHHX C HMMM, rae y Illvnugara anurensnas JOJIroTA, HMEHHO B $opMe NpHJIar. onpeieiEHHHX Ha -AS H B OKOHYAHMAX JAT. Nal. MH. 4. Ha -am, -Čm, XOTA HAA0 HMETb B BHMAY, 4TO JHA3EJHHC, KaK OH CaM TIMOBODpHMT, 3aTPyAHAETCA pa3nuyath B Core Ges yjapeiHA MIHTENbHOE HM HHMCXOAAILee” NPOM3HOLIEHHE MH YKA3WBAET B OAHOM M3 NMPHMEYAHHH HA TO, 4TO OH HE MOXET ONpeje/uTh TOYHO, ARIACTCA JM MIMTE]bHOE WIM "HHCXOJALIJEC" MPOM3HOIIEHHE B OKOHYAHMAX MECTH. nai. eA. 4. MMEH, HaNp., B nama, Upė (B Texcre CTaTbH oGo3nauaer, OAHAKO, ~HHCXOAfALIEe NpOH3HOLIEHHe B 3TMX CJiy4aniX, T.e. TpeTbiO gonrory). Ho B rosope I[lenexca Agojirne rjiacHhie B OKOHYAHMAX MECTH. naj. eA. 4. MMEH NpeACTABIAIOT AOJITOTY C NOJHHM NEPEPHBOM, Hanp., B nama, leją; u Ta xe JONrOTa B 3THX OKOHYaHMAX M3BECTHA u3 rosopo H LlImmaty, xoTA B ero poanom FOBOpe B 3THX OKOHYAHMAX ABIAETCA, KaK MH BHJEJIM, JVIMTEJIbHaA JO/roTa. Kpowme 3THX C/y9aeB, KauyecTBO AOJIFOTH HENEpBOro CJIOra MPOCTHX COB OGo3Ha4ueHOo y Menexca u y Oumsenunca (y nocieisero B CaMOM TeKCTe CTaThbH) B OKOHYAHMAX BO3BPATHOM (QOPMH MIarojiOB H NPHYACTHH, a Y OHA3ENHHCA TaKXe H B OKOHYAHMAX 201 MECTH. Naj. MHOX. 4. MEH, NpH 9€M MH B TeX, H B JApyTHX ŠOpMAX OnipejejieHa HMEHHO AOJIrOTA C MOJHHM NEPEPHBOM; TAKOW Xe BHA JOJITOTHI CYLIECTBYeT B 3THX CJIY9aAX, Kak fi rosopui, H B roBope [lImmara. Ana onpezenenus KauecTBa JAOJITOTH B KOPHEBOM CJIore BTOPOH 4acTH CJIOB Henpocrux Hennana, Jlunae, Ilenekc me Aaior Marepuajia. Y Ongazejimuca, B NATHIICKOM TEKCTE ero CraTbH, OGO3Ha3aeTCA KAUeCTBO ACJINOT KOpHEeBOTO Cora BO BTOPOH YaCTH CJIMTHHX CJIOB, IPH SEM B 3TOM NOJIOXEHHH A HAXOXY Y DJH/BejiMHCa TOJIbKO 3HAKH MUIHTENBHOH JAOJITOTHI H JAOJITOTHI C MOJHHM NEpephIBOM, HO He 3HAK Tperbeii A0NroTH. /JlaMTensHas JAOJIPOTA. B TAKOM NOJIOxXeHHH OGO3Ha4eHA KaK TaM, rie BTOpafi 4aCTb CJIMTHOTO CJIOBA MMEET H B OTAEJILHOM YNOTpeOJieHHH Ty Xe JOJIrOTY KOPHEBOIO CJiOra, Hanp., B atzidams,TaK H B TeX CJIy4aAXx, rie 3Ta YaCTb, NO KpanHeH Mepe B CJIOBAX, CJIKTHHIX NO COCTaBy, NpEACTaBifer cama no CeGe, B OTAE/IBHOM ynorpeGjienuu, TPETHIO AONIOTY, Hanp., B pėslėjas (cpasu. sl&ju, npom. Bp. raarosa slėt) izkrit (cpasu. kritu, Kacr. Bp. rnarona krist); y LIlwuara B ciysasx sroporo poja COXPAHAETCA, KAK MH BHAMM, TpeTbA Aoarora. Joarora C nojHHM NEPEpHBOM B KOPHEBOM CJIOTE BTOPOM YaCTH C/IMTHHX CJIOB 0603HaYeHa y OJHA3EJMHCA Tam, [DE ata 4aCTb B KAYECTBE OTAEBHOIO C/IOBA HMEET Ty Xe AOJAroTy, Hanp., B uzstajas (cpasu. staju)30, H rie, kak MH BHIMM, Ta Xe JOJIroTa HMeeTCA H B rosope IIlvngra. fl ykasuBan JO CHX nop Ha YynorpeOjieHHe pa3jiM4KHHX BHAOB CTapOH AOJIOTH B AMPAAHACKMX TrOBOpax A M Ha OTHOLMIEHHe 3THX BHJAOB K CTapoA AOJIroTE B KYpJUAHACKHX TOBOpax. Ūro KacaeTCA JIATHILICKHX HOBHX JAMMOTOHTOB H AH@TOHIHIECKHX CO4eTaHHĖŪ NEpEeJ COrJIaCHOIO, NOJIYJMBINYKOCA BCJIEJCTBHE YTpaTH KpaTKOH rNacHoHM 3a jo V, WABHOKO WIM HOCOBOIO COTJIACHOIO, TO B KYP/AHACKMX I0BOpaxX, Kak A yxe TOBODHJI, OHH TPEACTABIAIOT AOATOTY C NIOJIHHM TIEPEPHBOM, JIPH INOJIOXCHHH Kak B NEpBOM , TAK H B HENEPBOM CJIOTE CJIOB; TAKXKe H HOBHE AMOTOHTH B KOHLE CJIOB B YACTH KYP/AHACKHX TOBODpOB HMEIOT, KaK MH BHJIEJIH, Ty Xe JOJIMOTY, MEXAY TEM Kak B cepeposanainux rosopax Kypasiuu OHM NOJNYYalOT 3KCIHPATOPHO-HHMCXOAfLIEE KauecrBo. B amasmackux rosopax A BO BCEX C/y4asxX ABIAETCA TPEThA JOJIOTA, yKa3zaHHad HMEHHO y Ouasenuuca, nepeiko y [lmuara um B eJMHH4BbIX npumepax y Jlunze. Hanp., kypa. atizas = aug. A. afizas (cpasu. nmrosck. avižos), Kypa. birkads (numyr birkaws), pos. nag. birkava = anda. A birkafis, poz. naa. birkava; kypa. AManexT. navi = Juda. A nafi; kypa. gars = audi. A gafs; Kypa. narhs = anda. A nams; Kypi. arums = Jinėji. A arums Hu ap. [Audronrnueckne Co4eTaHHA B KOHuE CJIOB, KaK CTapHe, TAK H HOBHE, H B JHMQIAHACKMX ropopax A, no KpanHeH mepe y Iilwnuara nm y Hennanga (ov. Bune), Kak H B KypJAAHACKMX IOBOpax, NMPEACTaBNAIOT IKCNMPATOPHO-HUCXOAAee KauecTBO (y OuA3enuHca, Kak A [OBODpHJI, OHO He OT/IMYA€TCA OT TPeThei JOATOTH, HA3BAHHOM Yy Hero "HHCXOAAIIMM NPOM3HOLIEHHEM), manp., B kuf (crapoe au¢r. coser.), kam (sosoe aur. coger.). K audnanackum rosopaM, pasiHYaloliMM TPH BHAA JOJFOTH B AOJIIMX TIACHHX, aadrourax H AMPTOHrHYECKMX COYETAHMAX, MPUHALIEAKHT H TOT roBOp, B KOTOPOM npousseseny uaGaogennna KpymGeprom, cooGMmIMBIIMM pPe3y/ibTaTH CBOMX 36 Ha crp. 110 8 crate Jwmenuuca pazit, T.e. npu MočM 0603HAICHHM BHAOB AOANOT pazit, BMECTO oxnzaewMoro pazit (r.e. B mom OGo3iasennu pazit ), NPEACTABNAET, BIPOYEM, ONEHATKY. 202 HCCNICAOBAHHH B HeCKOJIbKHX CTATbAX, Momemennnx B Marasnne Jlarsmuckoro Jlureparypsoro O6mecrsa B 1873 u 1881 rr.37, no wacrbio no ynorpeGnemnio, 4acTbIO NO NpHpOJIe, pa3jinune TPEX BHJOB A0AroTH B roBope Kpymbepra He 10, Kakoe HAM M3BECTHO H3 JIMOJVIH/CKHX MOBOpoB A. KpymGepry nayka obsszana tem, 4ro OH NEpBHA YKa3aji Ha CYIIECTBOBAHHE B NATHIICKOM A3uKe TpĖxX Aoaror ("TOHOB"), T.e. TPEX BMAOB AOArOTH, H BH3BAJI nabmozenna Hednamsa, Jlumge Ho Apyrux Has TpeMA NaTHIICKMMHM AONTOTAMH B Apyrux roBopax. B sarnaBuax crater KpymGepra mecrom xmrenscrsa asropa B 1873, a 8 1881 mecrom npexuero xurtenscrsa, masmpaercs ValmérmuiZa (Wolmarshof) B Jlnėjnanauu, Ho B camux CTaTbAX KpymGepr ne canraeT HyXHHM ONpeJeCJIKTb TOYHO MECTHOCTH, B KOTOPHX OH INpOBOJIKJI CBOH BAOJIOJEHHA, TaK Kak AyMaJi, 9TO YKa3HBAE€MOE HM Dpa3jiKuxe Tpėx "TOHOB" COCTABJISIET MPHHALIEAHOCTD BOOŠINE JIATHINCKOTO A3HKA, BCJIEJICTBHE Y€r0 OH NpH3HABAJI HEBEPHHMM, OLIMOO9HLIMH BO MHOTMX CjiygasX obcCyxienua pa3iinunū B “tone” y ViibMana, a Takxe HM y Heinansa. Bnposem, nm Heinana (B nepsoii cratse), u Junie Takxe He Ayman H O ananexthieckux (manektux — O. Il.) paznuamax B CAMOM f3HKE NO OTHOLIEHHIO K BHJAM JIATHILICKOH JOJIMOTH, Kpymbepr onpesen B NaTHIICKOM A3HKE TPH CIEAYIOWMX JOJIrux "TOHA": 1) "angapumiuit Ton”: "Vocallaut, wie beim Lesen des Alphabets”, 2) "ocxopmmi Ton": "vom alphabetischen Ton abschwenkend, wie beim Aufziehen einer angeschlagenen tonenden Saite sich etwas hinaufschwingend”, 3) "uncxoaammi Tou”, Gonee kpatkuit: "vom alphabetischen Laut ausgehend zum Kurzlaut jah abfallend und tonlos schliessend, wie beim plétzlichen vollen Nachlassen einer angeschlagenen tonenden Saite". H3 conocrasnenms npumepos, npusesénnux KpymGeprom B O3EHb 3Ha4HTEJILHOM Koamsectse, C npuvepamu y IIlvnara, Jumennnca, Hemnanpa, Junge u Ilenerca a BHBOXY CJIEJYIOLIME 3aK/II09€HHA KACATENbHO B3AHMHOTO OTHOIIEHMA TPEX BHAOB aonror B audaanackom rosope KpymGepra, C 0AHOM CTOPOHH, H B JIKĖJIAK/CKHX rosopax A, c apyron. CnepBa ocraHoBuMCA Ha nepsom core (T.e. moa yiapenuem) NPOCTHX HEOAHOCHOXKHHX CJIOB H Ha CJIOBaX OAHOC/IOXHHX. ~BOCXOAAIIMA TOH™ Y Kpymbepra B atom NnoJioxeHHH OOHKHOBEHHO COOTBETCTBYET NO YNOTpebaeHHIO AOJIrOTE C MOJHHM NepepHBOM B JMQIAHACKMX rosopax A, XOTA, HAO AyMaTh, OorJjiugaeTCA OT Heé no npupoze, Tak kak KpymGepr npu onpeaenenuu "Bocxoasmero TOHA" He YNOMMHAET O nepephise, OGpazyeMOM 3aMHKAHHEM TOJIOCOBHIX CBA3OK. Hanp., B C/IGAYIOIIMX CJIOBAX, HMEIONJIHX B NEPBOM Clore B JIMQAHACKMX roBopax A J0nrory C NOJIHHM nepepusoMm, ormeden y KpymGepra “socxoasmmi Ton”, 0603HavaeMui MHOIO 3nakomM © (B Tom xe 3Hauenun“ wu B crarbax KpymGepra 38): ada, aft, algt, atst "TkKars", bait, bégt, bitės, biaūut, burbulis, bit, catine, ceft, dégs, defs, dėt, dzédat, dzeit, dzivs, ėst, gailis, gafva, gratzt, grizt, igt, jat, jatns, jūsta, kails, kains, kauss, katt "sakanusats, Ours", knébt, krésls "kpecno”, lacis, 37 Magazin. 1873. XV Band. Zweites Stick. 1881; XVI Band. Zweites Stiick. B cnosape y KpymGepra BMecro 3naxa © ynorpe6Gaserca '; a ue Gepy aroT 3uax noromy, 910 wepes a 06031a%a10 CMArYeHHE COrACHHX. 203 laist, lėt (zonrora C nojJiukM nepepuBoM OGo3Hauena B atom cose y Jlunge m y Duusennunca, y Illvnara lečt onucka BmMecro leėt, T.e. lėt, Kak 3TO BHAHO H3 ŠOpMH npow. Bp., npupernnon LlImmarom: lėju, T.e. lėju), lėtus, lit, luks, macét, mėts, miksts, mifzt, mit "MeHaTb", naids, nauda, nirt, painala, pėda, pėtis, peit, pit, plans, platikt, préks u T.1. (apyrne npuMepH CM. Hnxe). Peaxo BcrpesaioTCA CjlygaH, B KOTOPHX ~BOCXOAAIIMA TOH" B NepBOM Clore Y KpymGepra cooTBeTCTBYET AIMTENBHOA JOJITOTE JIMĖJIAHACKHX MOBOpoB A; emė pexe MPH TaKOM NOJIOXEHHH "BOCXOJIALIHA TOH" mMepej COrJiacHOlO (He B OAHOCHOXKHHX CJIOBAX, OKAHYKMBAIONIHXCA HA AMOTOHT H JAMOTOHTHY. COUECTAHHA CM. JAJIEE) ARIAETCA B COOTBETCTBHH C TpEThELO JOJIMOTOJO JIMĖJIAHICKHX rosopos A. K TaKHM HCKJIUOYEHHAM NpUHAAIEXAT, Hanp.: batrit npu baūrūt y Hemn., Jum., IIIu.39; davat u davana, davat y D., III. u davana y J; gaifiat, gainat y Ill; grat, grat y LL; krits “men”, krits y Ilen. x IIL; lims, lūms y II; mainit (cpa. mit "menaTs”), maint y D. u LI; smaidit, smaidit y III.; Slaticités, šlaūcit y J. III.; tūlin, tūlin y II; lévars, npu Ičvars (lavars) y III; platcét, plaūcėt y 3. u LIL; rūns, rūns y III; rekšava, rėkšava y lll; taure, taūre y III.; tūls, tūls y III. OTH CygaK OJHOPOAHH B OOWIEM C TeMH, TE HW MEXJY OTAEAbHHMH NMGAAHACKMMH IOBOPaMH A SRIAIOTCA pa3jiM4HA B KaY4eCTBE JOJIOTH NEPBOro Cora OJHOINO H TOIO X€ CJIOBa, NPHUMEPH A NPHBOAWI BHILE, H CIOJA X€ NPHHALIEXAT, Mexay npounM, peldét, raidit, stiga y IIlunara, npu peidet, raidit, stiga y OHA3EMHCA, a C NOC/EIHHMH COrJiaCyloTCA H peidét, raidit, stiga y Kpymbepradl, "Bocxoasumi Ton" Apyroro mpoucxoxienns otmesen y Kpymbepra B HexoTophx CydasX B OAHOCNOXHHX CJIOBaX, MMEIOWMX B OKOHYAHMM MAH AMPTOHr HA i, UI (crapui H HOBHNA), WAM AM@TOHIHIECKOe CO4eranne (CTapoe H HOBOE), Tam, rae B JIKMĖJIAHACKHX rosopax A #ABAAETCA TpeTba AOJITrOTa AWPTOHra Ha i, LI H 3KCNMPATOPHO-HHUCXOAAIIEE KAYECTBO AMOTOHTH4ECKOTO COYETAHMSA; HANp., B CJIOBAX taj, jau, téw, séw, T.e. ted, seu (Ho B nau He oGo3naveno KauecrBo “toma”), kuf, af, ur, tarh (Ho B gopme 3 Ji., OKAHIMBAIOWEACA HA AMPTOHIHIECKOE CONETAHME, HAND., B war, T.e. var, He 00603Ha%€eHO KauecTBO "Tona"). ę "AhėaBurnuū Ton" y KpymGepra, oGo3nasaemMHū MHOIO 3uaKoM — (TOT Xe 3HaK y KpymGepra B cnncke 108) no npupoje COOTBETCTBYET, KOHE4HO, JUIKTEJIbuOŽ A01roTe JIMĖJAKACKHX r0BOpoB A, a "HHCXOJAIIMA TOH", KOTOpHA A 0060312920 4epe3 “(* um y Kpymbepra B cnucke cios) no NpHpOJE OAHOPOAEH C TPETHEH AQJIIOTOIO NHQNAHACKMX TOBOPOB A, H MPH TOM, Kak MOXKHO AYMAaTh Ha OCHOBAHHH onpejenenus, JaHHOTO 3TOMy Tony y KpymGepra (cm. Bwme), OH npeicraBaser 06010, NO-BHAMMOMY, MMEHHO AOJITOTY C HENOAHHM NEPEPHBOM, T.e. C ABYMA BEPIIMHAMM: TOH, B KOTOPOM 3aMEYaeTCA Ha CJIyX KPYToe MajeHbe, HHUCXOXKACHHE, MOXET BHITb, MHE KAXKETCA, HLL JAOJIOTOJO C ABYMA BEPLIMHAMM, I/IABHOIO B HAYAJE H BropocTenennyio B komue (xora KpywmGepr ne ynomunaer O sropon Bepumne). [lo 39 Kasecrso zonromu HENEPBOrO CJIOTa B CI0BAX, NPHBEACHHBX MHOIO 3A6CH M3 NMQUIAHACKHX 1OBOPOB A, a 0603sasai0 Tax, xax yxasauo y LlImuara. "Bocxoammmi Tou” oboauasen KpymGeprom, mexay nposns, B criosax tm, tam (tam, tam), sar. JI. MH. 4., H3 JHQUAHACKHX TOBOpOB A MHE HE MIBECTHO KAYECTBO AOJIOTH B ITHX MECTOMMBHHMX ŠOpmMax (B KYPIAHACKMX rosopax tam, tam). 204 KOJiM4eCTBY 3TOT “ton” y KpymGepra Kopo4e AByx apyrux; CpaBH. y OHA3E/IHHCA Onpeje/ieHHe KOJiM4eCTBA "HHCXOJALIEeTO npousuomenna”. [lo ynorpeGasemoct, OAHAKO, TOH "a/ėgaBuTHNA" M “mucxoasmmi” y Kpymbepra orimuaerca or COOTBETCTBYIOWIHX MM NO NpHpOAE BHAOB JOJIOT B AM@AAHACKMX rosopax A, a HMEHHO, B NEPBOM CJIOre NPOCTHX CJIOB M CJI0BAX OJHOCJIOXHHX. Kaxjhiū M3 THX ABYX "TOHOB" YNOTPeGIAETCA B COOTBETCTBMM KAK C JUIMTEJIbHOJO JOJIOTOJO, TAK H C TPETBEIO JAOJIOTOJO JHQNAHACKHX IOBOPOB A, B 3aBUCHMOCTH, C/I€JOBATENILHO, OT pa3iM4MA B M3BECTHHX YCJIOBHAX. Pasnnane B atx ycnosuax (kotopoe si OTKpHA He CXOpO) 0%€Hb NPOCTOE, a HMEHHO, “A/NGaBUTHHI TOH" B NEepBOM CJIOTE MPOCTHX CJIOB H B CJIOBaX OJHOCJIOXHHX, B COOTBETCTBHH, KaK C JUIKTEJIbHOJO, TAK H C TpeTbeElO AOJOTOJO JIMŠĖJIAK/ICKHX roBOPOB A, ABNAETCA OŠOHETHYECKH MPH NOJIOXEHHH 3BYKA WIH 3BYKOBOrO COYETaHMA, MOJMYYEHHHX C TEM M APYTMM BHAOM JOJIOTH TNeEpe] 3BOHKOIO COr/IaCHOIO, WYMHOIO H COHOPHOIO, a B HMEHAX CO 3BOHKOIO COIJIACHOIO BO BTOPOM CJI0reé OCHOB NepeHecéH Takxke H B POPMYy HMMEHHMT. nal. el. 9. HA -S, [JE 3BOHKaA COrjiacHaf, 3a KOTOPOIO BHNANA KpaTKaf I/IacHafA, ABJIAACb B NOJIOXEHHH Nepel S, CTaHOBHIACH JIyXOIO; “HHCXOJAIIMA TOH™ B NEPBOM CJIOTE MPOCTHX CJIOB H B CJIOBAX oanocnoxnux Yy KpymbGepra, B COOTBETCTBHH Kak C TpeThelo, TAK H C JUIMTEJIbHOJO AOArOTOK0 AH@IAHACKMX rOBOPOB A, CyWIECTBYET NpH NOJIOXEHHH 3BYKa WIM 3BYKOBOI'O COYETaHMA, NOJNYYEHHHX C TEM H APYrMM BMAOM JOJIOTH, HE nepes 3BOHKOIO COIJIACHOIO, T.e. HJIH Nepei IIyXol0 CorfiacHo (C yka3aHHHM BHme HCKJIIOYEHHEM), WIM B KOHLE OAHOC/IOXKHOIO CJIOBA. JTO NpaBHJIO, NMPHMEHAIOLIEECH, MeXy NMPOYMM, H K C/IOBAM 3aMMCTBOBAHHHM, fi NPOBEPHJI HA BCEX MHOTOUMC/IEHHHX npumepax, npuseséunnx KpymGeprom ana pasnuuuii B "TOHe", H eAHHMYHOE MCKJIIOYEHHE A BCTPETHA B CJIOBE ME "MH", B KOTOPOM HBIAETCA MNOYEMY-TO "andaBUTHHA TOH , He "HHCXOMAWMA , KAK MH YBHAEAH GH NO YKAa3aHHOMY MHOIO npasuay, xoTA B jus "Bu" y KpymMGepra "HMCXOAAIIMA TOH, COrJIaCHO C 3THM npaBHJiOM (B JM@AAHACKMX roBOpax A M B KYpJIAH/CKHX rosopax més u jūs). Apyrum HCKJIO4eHHeM Okio 6M 3ammcrBoBanHoe dr@skambaris, ¢ "angaBMTHHM TOHOM™ nepea rayxowo cornacuoio (cM. B cnosape Yapmana drehskambaris, T.e. dréskambaris, "Dresskammer, Sakristei"), HO 3TO CJI0BO B TAKOM €ro 3ByKOBOM BUJE NOJIYJEHO JAHHHM AMAJIEKTOM M3 APYroro AnajiekTa (3 uepkosHoro A3HKA). B CIOXHHX coax y Kpymbepra "HHCXOAAIIMHA TOH" NEPBOH YaCTH COXPAHAETCA H MPH NOJIOXEHHH NEpe] 3BOHKOI0 COMIaCHOJO B HAYA/E BTOPOH YaCTH, WH, KaK NOKA3HBAIOT C/I0Ba, HMEIONIME B TIEPBOA JaCTH MPEIOXHKE NPUCTABKH nėj- (CpaBH. mpeaior. ni; = nū B aun. rosopax A) u & (cpasi. & y. OHI3EHHCA MH B HEKOTOPHX CJlySanxX y ILImuara; xora obukuosenno B npuvepax y IIlwnara, a vacrbio y Oussenunca, 8), € "HMCXOJIILIKM TOHOM", MEXKJY NpO4HM, HW Nepej 3BOHKHMH COrlaCHHIMH, HANp., B nūvads, ėgaiva, ėgūt; nosToMy xe Kpymbepr muwer, Hanp., Vaczeme (xora nm 3aMeqaer, 9TO C 3By4HT 346Cb Kak d), Tak KaK vėacis HMeeT "HHCXO/JINIIMA TOH", B COOTBETCTBHH, NO YKA3aHHOMY MHOIO NpaBHJIy, C AVIMTEJIbHOIO JOJIFOTOIO NEpej IIyX0io cornacnojo B roBope IIlwnara (cm. y Llmmara vacėc). Ho "angasurumi Tou” B NEpBOM ACTH CIOXHOTO C/IOBA H3MeHACTCA B "HMCXOMIIMA™ MPH NOOXEHHH Nepej FAyX0l0 COrJIaCHOX B Hauajie BTOPOH 4aCTH CJIOXHOM0 CJIOBa; NO KpaHHEH Mepe, 205 NpeANOXHAA npucraska par- (cpasn. y IIlvnara npeanor partl), COXPAHAIOWAACA B TAKOM BHAE Tepe] MACHO H Mepel 3BOHKOIO COIJIACHOI0, ABIAETCA HIMEHEHHOIO B par- npu MOJIOXEHHH Nepel rAyxo0I0 COIrJIacHoIo, Hanp., parasmins, parlukét, HO Hanp., parkaras, parteikt. JINR NOACHEHMA YKA3AHHOTO MHOIO NpašHJjia OTHOCHTENBHO ymotpebienua y Kpymbepra "angasuruoro" W "HHCXOAALIEr0 TOHA" B NEPBOM CJIOre NPOCTHX COR H B C/IOBAX OAHOCJIOXHHX NMPHBELY HECKOJILKO NMPHMEPOB, MPH EM B CxoOKax NOMEILY COOTBETCTBEHHHE CI0BA HIAHACKHX NOBOPOB A. 1) "AndasuTHEA TOK": alga (alga Henn, ., Im), aūzas (atizas H., 3., III.), barda (bafda J., III.), bérzs, pos maa. bérza (bérzs J., IIL); bs, pox mas. béza (bézs H., D., IIL); bralis (bralis H., J., III.), būda (būda H., 3., LLL), cms (cėms H., 3., LL), cirulis (cirulis 3., III.), darzs, poa. naa. darza (darzs Jluuze, J., IIL), dévs, poz. nas. déva (dévs H., JI, dės, pos naa déva, III.), draiigs, pos. max. draiiga (dratigs H., 3., III.), dūmi (dami 3., III.), dūbe (dūbe H., 3., LLL), dvinis (dvinis H., 9., IL), dzėrve (dzérve 3., III.), &rms (érms J., arms III.), &rglis (erglis D., III.), &va (ava H., 3., IIL), gadat (gadat J., 11), grida (grida H., 3., III.), gūds, poz. naa. ghda (gūds H., 3., III.), ghvs, sun. naa. gūvi (gūvs H., 3., ghs, sun. naz. gūvi LIL), ire (ire IIL), ir& (iret 3.), jaūdat (jandat 3., III.), jega (jėga D., cpasu. jégt III.), jūra (jūra 3., III.), kaja (kaja O., LIL), kaūdze (katidze 3., LLL), Kaiils (kaūls JI, 3., III.), kršvs (krévs JI, kréus, poz. naa. kréva III.), laūdis (latidis 3., LIL), 18s "6onsmon" (lėls H., JI, 3., III.), lidz (lidz 3., III.), maja (maja 3., III.), mags, pox. naz. maga (mégs J., III.), menesis (mėnesis D., III.), milėt (milét D., III), ndvat (nėvat J.), n&ét (nėzėt .), pans (péns H., JL, D., III.), plans (planc III.), pr&de (préde 3., III.), raibs, poa. naa. raiba (raibs H., JL, 3., IL), rams (rams 3., III.), ratidzt (raūdzit III., ratdzités J., cpasu. acu raiigs - H.), ribs, pox max rūba (rūbs JI, 3., III.), sarms (sarms 3., III.), saiile (saūle 3., 111), sérga (sarga III.), s&ns (séns H., 3., III.), sšva (séva JL, J., III.), sn&gs, po1. naa. sndga (snėgs H., 3., III.), sparns (sparns J.), stavét (stavét [lenexc, D., III.), straiime (stratime III.), sūds, poz. naa. siida (stds 9., IIL), škėle (sk&le J., III.), šūni (šūni D., LIL), tdvs (tévs H., J.), tas, poa. naa. tava, tirs (tirs JL, 3., III.), ūgle (ūgle III.), Gla (Gla LIL), vards, poa. maa. varda (vards JI, 3., III.), varna (varna 3., III.), vagls (végls D., LIL), vile "kanma” (vile H., JI, 3., LL), vili, Bum. naa., II.), virs (virs JI, 3., III.), zazds, poa. naa. zazda (zazds J., III.), z@ma (zéma J.), zile "cnunua" (zile JI, III., y D. ana zile ne ykasano 3nasenue), zile "xeaym” (zile JI, III. u zile III.), zGbs, pos. naa zGba (zūbs JI., D., LIL), Zavas, Zavat (Zavas J., Zavates III). 2) "Hucxoaswmia Ton": aust "paccseram” (atist H., I1., III), baiss (balss J., LIL), bart (bart H., JL, 3., III.), bert (bért H., JL, LII.), brésma (brésma J., LIL), brekt (H., JL, 3., III.), cést (cėst 3., LIL), cūka (cūka J., LIL), čūska (čūska I., III.), drazt?2 (drazt 3., 111), 41 Ho par g pardėt y Luara 1 y Junemsa. 42 4 nanmuuy B nOAOGHMX CAYSANX Z, HE S NO NPOUCXOKACHHIO. 206 drikstėt (drikstėt H., 9., LLL), dri3s (drūšs H., 3., III.), dvėsele (dvėsele 2., III.), dzit "ruars" (dzit III.), ėka (ėka D., III.), ėrce (ėrce LII.), &ms (&ms D., III.), grėzt "Beprers" (grézt D., III. u grėzt III)., grits (grūts D., LIL), gut (gat LII.), ipaši (ipašs 3., LLL), jėgt (jėgt LLL), jus (jūs D., LIL), jiks (jūks H., 3., III.), ka “koro” (ka H., JL, 9., III.), karkls (karkls D., III.), kart (kart JI, D., III.), kasėt "kamjiarb" (kasėt III.), kast "ueamrs” (kast III.), kaūkt (kaūkt H., JI., 3., LIL), klėgt (klėgt 3., IIL), ki (kū LI), krėpes "rpusa" (krėpes H., 3., IIL), krėsla"cymepru" (krėsla H., D., III.), kūsis (kūsis LIL), lapit (lapit 3., IIL), lėts (lėts JL, 3., LIL), leks (1&s JL, 3., LIL), lėpa (lėpa H., JL, 3., IIL), lėss (lėss 3., lL), lūpa (lūpa 3., Ll), lusis (lūsis H., lasa III.), liks “ayra” (igks H., JI, 3., III.), lėiks “ayk” (ifks H., JI, III.), masa ( 3., III.), mate (H., JI, 3., III.), merkt (mérkt H., JI, 3., LIL), mėtat (metat 3., LII.), mits (més JL, 3., III.), mėsa (mėsa 2., III.), mit "ronrars, mars” (mit JL, 3., III.), nakt (nakt 3., III.), nasis (nasis J., lL), nėks (néks H., JI, 3., lL), nis (nū H., II., 3., 111), pe (pall, 3., III.), pici (p&i 3., LLL), perkins (perkans D., LLL), pert (pert H., JL, 3., LIL), prats (prats 3., III.), pust (past H., II., 3., LIL), put (pat H., II., 3., LIL), rat (JI., 3., LIL), rėkt (rekt LIL), réksts (réksts D., LII.), rikle (rikle J., IIL), rika (rūka 3., IIL), sarts "kocrep" (sarts JI., III.), set (sét JI., J., III.), seta "3a6op" (séta J., III.), siks (s&ks JL, 3., LL), slėpt (slept 3., LIL), slit (sla LII.), speks (speks 3., LIL), spat (spét 3., lL), straits (strafits LLL), sūkt (stikt JI, III.), škit (škit III.), šūt (šūt 3., III.), ta "ara" (ta JI, IIL), ta "aroro" (ta JI, 3., LLL), tarps (tarps JL, 3., III.), tikls (tikls JI., 9., LLL), triset (triset LIL), trit (trit 3., LLL), tukstéits (tūkstūts III.), apis (apis III.), utrs (ūtris x ūtris LIL), vakt (vakt III.), varpa (varpa 3., III.), varti (varti 3., LIL), verpt (vérpt JI, 3., III.), vert (vert LIL), vėtit (vėtit JL, 3., LIL), zniits (znét LIL), zisss (zūss D., III.), zvigt (zvégt J., III.), Zupa (žūpa III.). B esunusnux cnysaax "angaBurunA" M "HMCXOASIIMA™ TOH B TEPBOM Ciore RpOCTHIX CJIOB ABJAETCA TaM, TE M3 JIMOJIAKHACKHX TOBOpoB A M3BECTHA AOJIrOTA C nojiukiM nepepusom. Hanp.: dėt, no y III. dėt (u3 nureparypuoro mapewna); krapt, Ho y D. u III. krapt; krėpat, no y III. krapat; ršva, mo y III. rėva; siki, no y II. H III. siks; skūpstit, no y III. skupstit; vérgs, mo y III. vargs. B HOBHX AuTOHraX H AMOTOHTH46CKHX CO4eTAHHAX NEpel -S B MM. Nai. eZ. 4. KpywmGepr ne oGo3nasaer KavecrBo "ToHa", NpH NOJIOXEHHH 3THX 3BYKOBHX COYETAHMA KaK B NEPBOM, TAK M B HENEPBOM CJIOPE CJIOB. B croxmux cioBax y KpymGepra sropas gacrb COXpaHAeT B NEpBOM CJIOTe TO Ka4eCTBO zoarotu (“roma”), KoTOpoe npuuasnexur ei NpH ynorpeGneHunHH B OTAEJIbiIOM CJIOBE. B uenepsoM core npoctux CJi0oB (Kak B OTAEJIbiOM, TAK H B Cnoxeliun) y KpymGepra obosuasen no GojisuieA wacru “BOCXOAAWMA TOH", T.€. TOT BMA AOJIOTH, KOTOPWHA COOTBETCTBYET AOJIMOTE C JIOJIILIM NEPepHBOM AHGAAHACKMX MOBOpoB A, HAnp., B NPOM3BOAIMX [JIAIO/BULX OCHOBAX HA AOJITYKO IIACHYI0O HW HA 1, MEXJŲ NPOYHM, H B NOJIOXEIHH NEPA j, B OKONYANUMAX BOIBPATHOH QOPMH, B OKOHYAHMAX MECTH. nai. ei. 9. M MH. 4., B MMenax ma -ains, -iba (y lllmuara -iba), -ice; B tukstists, yalt.dze nm ap. 207 B rex, ropaszo Gonee peakumx, CJlyganAx, rie B HeNepBOM CJIOre NpOCThIX CJIOB apaserca y KpymGepra “ton angaBHTHHA HW HHCXOMAIWIMA™, YCJIOBMA, OT KOTOPHX 3aBHCHT pa3/iMiMe JABYX THX "TOHOB", TE Xe, YTO H NpH ynorpeb/ieHHH B NepBOM CIOre; T.6. “HHCXOAAIIMA TOH H B HENEPBOM CJIOTE CJIOB MOXET CYIECTBOBATSH JIMIlb nepeA riyxol COrJIACHOI H B KOHLE CJIOB, a ai@aBMUTHHA — nepel 3BOHKOI cornacuo. Camue cyan, B KOTOpHX A Haxoxy y KpymGepra “Ton angaBuTHHA H HMCXOMAILIMA™, B HENEPBOM CJIOTE NMPOCTHX CJIOB, CEAYIOIHe. 1) "Hucxoasmui Tor" B KOHIE COB: B AMGTOHraxX HA J, B OKOHYAHMAX AAT. NAA el. 9. HMĖK, manp., B sifdel, cpaBH. y IlImmara Tperbio aoarory B 3THX o6pa30BaHHAX; B JOJITHX IMNacCHHX H B Ū, Nepejį YynpomeHHeM j C NOCJIeAyUIE KPAaTKOIO IMIaCHOIO, B TJIaroJibHHIX OKOHYAHHAX 2 Ji. e4. 4. H 3 Ji. HACT. Bp., HANp., B runa, ecė, dabū, cpasn. y Jlunge Tperbio gojiroTy B 3THX obpasosanmax, y IIwnuara NnarenbHyto gojiroTy (HO B OKOHSaHHAX MecTH. nal. el. 1. KpymGepr obosnauaer, kak A TOBOPWI, "BOCXOJAIIMA TOH", HANp., B MECTH. 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Bp. Ha -Ūts, Hanp., B véerdits, cpasn. y [lmmara aamrensnyio aoarory Ū B 3THX o6pa3oBanuax; "HHCXOMAWMA™ m "angannTHHA TOH" AndTOHTa t B MMemax: akiits, CpaBu. akūc y IIlwnara, apligs (uo y Ilmmara apūgs), sipūls, cpasu. sipūls y [Ilvunara; B 3auwcrsoBamuoM kapists "kanycra" (wo y Lilwnara kūpėse). Hepeaxo B AnKėTOKrax Nnepej COrjacHOIO B HENEPBOM CJIOre CJIOB KaYecTso "Tona" He OGO3Haveno y KpymGepra, nanp., BCIOJY B NpHJIaraTeJIibHHX OnpeAeNEHHHX HA -ajs; AIA AMQTOHIHYECKHX COYETAHMA NEpEeA COrJIACHOIO B HENEPBOM CJIOTE A HE HAXOXKY Y Hero NPHMEPOB. K marumckuM rosopam, pasnuualommm Tpu BHJA A0ArOTH, NPHHALIEXAT H TE FOBOPH, ANA KOTOPHX ONpeA€/ICHH pa3jiMūHA TPEX BHMAOB JOJIFOT HA HECKOJIBKMX npumepax y Crepcre B nepsoit 4acTH ero rpaMMaTHKH NaTHIICKOro mama, 187943: Crepcre roBoput, 4TO paccMaTpuBaeMue WM BHAN JOJIOTH CYIWECTBYIOT B cpeanem” HapeuHH NAaTHUICKOrO A3HKA, a OT CPeAHero Hapeyua™ OH, Kak, HANp., M 3 sterstu Andreja Latweeschu walodas mahciba. Pirma daa. Etimologija. Riga un Tehrbata. 208 Bunenurrenu (Die Lett. Spr. I, crp. 12 u cies), ormuaer Kapesne “pepxuedt crpany”, B Augizeme, H Hape4une Tak Ha3HBaeMHXx Tamumakos (Tamenéki, Tamnéki), B SaCTH cesepo-3anasnon Kypianamu; NpHHHMAA, oHaxo, BO BHHMAHHE, YTO NOKAZAHHA Crepcre OTHOCHTeJIbHO BHAOB JAOJITOT He NPUMEHAIOTCA KO MHOTHM roBopaM "Cpegnero" HAPEYMA, ONHCAHHHX B 3TOM OTHOLIEHHH ApyTHMH MCCNEJOBATE/AMH, O KOTOPHX A TOBOpHJI sume. fl 3amegy, aro Crepcre npoH3BOJIMJI HAČJIOJIEHMA Haj TpeMms BHAAMH AOJTOTH NHIUL B HEKOTOPHX (WIM B OAHOM) M3 roBoposB "Cpejuero" Hape43HA, H NpH TOM, NO-BHAHMOMY, rae TO B Jluėjanaun??. B nojnrux rnachnux H B AnOdTOKrax Crepcre pa3iiusaeT no npupoje Te xe TpH BHAH AOJroTH (BnaH “konmsectsa” y Crepcre), KakKne onpegejieiiki W ANA TOBODpOB, HA3HBAEMHX MHOK JIMOJIAKHACKHMH roBopaMH A, T.e. gojiroTy JZUIMATEJIbHyKO, C POBHHM NpOTAXEHHEM, AOATOTY "HHCXOAAILYIO™, TPH KOTOPOA "rojioc yOHBaeT", H gOJiroTy "C MEpeJIOMOM TOJIOCA BHYTPH 68", T.e. AOJIPOTY C NOJIHLIM NEPEPHBOM; NpH 3TOM OTHOCHTEJIbHO AMOTOHTOB Crepcre 3amMevaer, Ges coMHeHHA, omnGouno, GyATo BCE OHM MMEIOT KPAaTKYIO BTOPYIO sacs. Onpezenenve, saunoe y Crepcre ana "HMCXOAAIEro KONMYeCTsa”, TAKOBO, 9TO MOXET NPHMEHATHCA KaK K AONrOTe NMPOCTOM HHCXOAAIIEA, TAK H K AOJIOTE C HENOJIHHM NEPEPHBOM, C ABYMS BEpIIMHAMM, a B YNOTpeOJIEHHH 3TOA AOArOTH B npumepax y Crepcre Her ykasauwi Ha TO, 4TO ona GkUla NpOCTOJO HHCXOAAWIEIO AOAINOTOIO, TaK KaK B TeX C/y4asX, I'l HAM H3BECTHH H3 APYTHX I'OBOPOB AMQPTOHIH H AMQTOHIHIECKHE COYETaHHA B KOHUE CJIOB C NPOCTO0 HHCXOJANIEW AOJIMOTOR (axcnuparopro-nucxoaameo), MH Haxoaum y Crepcre, kak BHAMM Janee, HE TO "KOJIH4ECTBO", KOTOPOE OH HA3WBAET “HMCXOAAIIMM™; BO3MOXHO, MOSTOMY, 9TO H B rosope Crepcre, kak H B rosopax Hemnanza, Jlumze, [lImmara (cm. sume), Tperss Aonrora, T.e. "HHCXOJALIIEe KOJIKM4eCTBO" no Crepcre, mpeacrasnser coboio JOJIrOTY c HETIO/IHHM NEPEPHBOM C AByMA BepiunHaMH. B an@ronrmeecxux coseranmax Crepere Ha CTP. 5 pa3/iM9aeT ABA BMAA NO KOJIMYECTBY , MMEHHO AMPTOHrMYECKHE COYETAHMA C JTHTEIbHO~A0/IN0I0 TUIABHOIO HJIH HOCOBOIO COJIACHOIO, T.€. C AJIMTEBHOI0 JOJIMOTOJO, H AMPTOHIHYECKHE COYETaHHA C KPATKOIO IUIABHOIO WIM HOCOBOIO COrJIacHOIO, HO Ha crp. 69 B AMPTOHrHYECKHX COYETAHMAX, HE HMEIOIMX AIMTENBHOM AOJITOTH, Pa3IHYAIOTCA, B CBOIO OYepeib, COYETAHMA, HMEIONIHe ~HMCXOJAllee KOJIHYECTBO , H COYETaHMA, NMPEACTARAIONINE TO “KOJIHIeCTBO , KoTopoe Crepcre HasuBaeT, BO BCAKOM Clygae HenpaBH/IbHO, KpaTKHMH; NOC/IEAHEro poAa AMOTOHTHYECKHE COYETAHHA COOTBETCTBYIOT NO MX YNOTpeGJIEHHIO, KaK NOKA3HBAIOT NPHMEPH, TeM AMOTOHTaM, KOTOpHE HMEIOT 204roTy ("KOJIH4ECTBO") C NOJIHLIM NepepHIBOM. Pasnuana Tpėx BHAOB AOJITOTH AOJITHX raacuux y Crepcre cosnazaior no ynorpeGjnennio (HacKOJIbKO NMO3BONAIOT CYAHTb eAHHH4HHe NpuMepH, yKasaHHHE Y Crepcre) c c00rBercTBEHHHIMH PA3IMIMAMH JAOJIHX TUJIaCHHX B JIMOJIAHACKHX TOBOpaX A, HO B ZMQTOHrAX H AMQTOHIHYECKHX COYETAHHAX ABA BHAA He/UIMTEJIbHOR AOJIOTH OT/IHSAIOTCA NO YCIOBHAM YNOTpeOJIEHHA OT COOTBETCTBYIOUIHX AO/NIOT B JIHGAHACKHX rosopax A, H no3roMy-To rosop (wi roBopu) y Crepcre A paccMaTpHBal0 OTAE/IBHO OT rOBOPOB, HA3WBaeMHX MHOW nunanackumu rosopamu A. [lpuseay cnepsa 4 Cpasa. npusest CBHAETEJI Dgpejinuca OTHOCHTEJIbHO TOMO, 3TO eMy He WaBECTHA 3 pe nlm per Kuros FIT npokH3HOmIeHHe", NO JWDENMHCY). 209 npuMepH, yKazaHnumMe y Crepcre And TpeX BHAOB AOJITOT JOJITHX TJIaCHHX M AMA JTHTEIbHOA AONIOTH AMPTOHIOB H ĮAMOŠTOHTH4ECKHX CO4eTaHHA, npuieM OGo3HA4y pa3JIM4KMA B KAYECTBE JOJITOTH TEMH X 3HAKAMH, KaKHe A YNOTPpeOIIAIO B NPHMEHEHHH K JIKŠJIAKACKHM rosopam A (y Crepcre Apyrne 3Harn). NAnurenbuas AOArOTa B NMEPBOM Core H B CJIOBaX OJAHOCJIOXHhHIX yKasaHa y Crepcre B Ciegyiomux npumsepax: ta "ona, ra", dėlis "aocka", vile “muna”, šūt, vaidi, laūks "none", beigas, lėls "6onsmoji", ūla "anuo", puika (3TH npuMepkhi CM. crp. 4), spalva, vilna, spifgts, rufiga, grumba (crp. 5), ė-, pė-, né- (crp. 13., par "nepe-" (crp. 35). Ana Bcex aTHx Ciydaes, 3a HCKJuO4eHneM rūkėfiu (1. 3., II. rokt, y III. u rūka "BopuMT’); M M3 JM@NAHACKMX IOBOPOB A HAM H3BeCTHa AMTensHas gonrora: ta, délis J., III., vile, 30t (ow. Bue), aro xe kacaerca pdr- "nepe-" y Crepcre, ro cpasi. par "sepes” y [lImuara. Cyan, B KOTOpHX OT™MEdeHA Y Crepcre ATMTENBHAS AOJNOTA IVIACHHX B HENEPBOM CJIOre CJIOB, NPEACTARIAIT Ty Xe gonroty H B ropope [lImmara: okOH3aHHA ŠOpM NPHJAraTE/IBHHX ONpPEAE/NEHHRX, manp., B laba, labas (crp. 26), okomsamum gop 2 Ji. eg. 4. M 3 Ji. HaCT. Bp. NPOM3BOAHHX TJIaroJIOB, Hanp., B tu mazga, viiš mazga (crp. 45); okomsamua -dm H -At B 1 H 2 a. MH. 9. npom. Bp., HANp., B mazgajam, mazgajat (crp. 45); umena cymecrBuTe bine Ha -djs, -ėjs (y III. -aš, -ėš), B poA. naa. ma -dja, -ėja; umena CymecrBHTe/ibHMe Ha -ėns (crp. 14); (y LL. ner npumepos, Ho H B ero rosope HaJO XIATb UMTENbHYIO JOArOTY JO/NOA rjacHORH nepeg n); Tūkūfiu BunuuT. nag. (crp. 69; y III. & nepea n cn0B006Gpaz3oBarejibuoro CyPPUKCa MMEET, Kak MH BHAMM, JUMTENBHYIO JOJIOTY NOCHE NEPBOrO Cora C NOJIHHM NEPepHBOM); OKOHYAHME JAT. nas MH. 4. -ėm (crp. 69; cpasu. y LII. B -4m, -ém, a BMecro -ėm y Hero Apyroe OKOHYaHHe -im). Jlonrota c NOJHHM nepepHuBOM B [JIACHHX MepBOro Cora MH B CJIOBax OJHOCJIOXHHX YyKa3zana y Crepcre B cieayiommx npumepax: ta "Tak", dds “cum”, vila "obmanyn”, žūt (y Crepcre onesarka), talumą. Cpasu. Ty xe A0jroTY B uaanackux rosopax A (B coorsercrsum ¢ "BocxojjimuM TOHOM" y KpymGepra): ta "rar" JI., D., III. (ta K.), dds (cw. sume), vilu, vili, vila u vile III., II., JL, H. (vile K.), zat JL, 3., III. (Zit K.), taiš, tais, taju J., LIL, II. ( taiš, tali, talu K.). B HENEpBOM CJIOTE CJIOB A0JIr0Ta C NOJIHLIM TepepuBoM B raaronax ormesena y Crepere: B OKOHYAHHH 3 Ji. NpOLL Bp. BO3BPATHOA GOpMH, Hanp., B mazgajas (crp. 45), cpasi. Ty Xe JOJITOTY B OKOHYAHHAX Bo3sparhon gopmu Yy [lenexca, Owmennnca m. [mnara; B OKOHYAHMAX MECTH. Mal. el. 4., Hanp., B taiuma (crp. 69), cpasu. aonroty c NOJIHHM nepepuBoM B 3THX CJiysasx y [lenekca H socxoaswumi ton y KpymbGepra (cnegoBarenbuo, y Crepcre, kak Mu y KpymGepra, sBaserca pa3jiuune B Ka4eCTBE AO/IFOTH TJIaCHOR NEpej YnpomeHHeM j B OKOHYAHMAX MECTH. Mai. eA. 4., C OJKHONM CTOpOHH, MH, C. ApyrOA, — B OKOHYAHWAX 2 Ji. €4. 4. H 3 Ji. HACT. BP. NPOM3BOAHKX IJ1aro0B, Hanp., B fopMax mazga (cm. sue). Ana "HHCXOAAWIEro KavecTsa”, T.e. AA TPeTheH AOJITOTH, TJIACHHIX B NEPBOM Clore CJIOB H B CJIOBaX oAHOCNOXKHHX y Crepcre ykasaHu C/eAyioumMe npumepu: ta poz. naj. eg. 4., méle "suk", vile "kaima", grūzis "zale". [locneanee cioBo ne H3BECTHO MHE M3 JMOJIAHACKHX roBOpoB A., a B NEpBHX TPEX H 3TH IOBOPH HMEIOT TaKxe 210 TPETHIO gojiroTy rnacnoR (cM. sue). B nenepsom crore CJIOB TpeTbA A0AIOTa TJIACHHIX ne ykasana y Crepcre; Takxe n y [lImmara aTa A0jiroTa He BCTpe4aeTCA B HeNepBOM CJIOTE NpOCTHX CJI0B (CM. Bue). Ūro Kacaerca ynorpebienusa AMOŠTOHTOB C He/UIMTEJIbHOR AOJIroTOIO (T.e. Kak C NOJIHLIM NMEpepHIBOM, Tak H C TpeTbelO JOJIroTOO) y Crepcre, TO HAJAO 3aMeTHTb CJIEJY0IIIEE: 1) androuru c Tpemseio Aonrorow Bo BCExX npumepax y Crepcre HaXOJATCA B NOJIOXEHHH TEP] 3BOHKOIO COrIIACHOI0; 2) AMGTOHrM C MOMHEM NEPEpPHBOM BO BCEX NMPHMEPAX, KpOME OAHOrO, KOTOPHH cam no cebe Gun Gu He scen (umenno (iis), ABAAIOTCA Nepej TJIyXOIO COrJACHOI, NpHučM B GO/bINEHA 9ACTH THX NPUMEPOB AOJITOTA C NOJHHM NEPEpPHBOM NPOH3OLLIA H3 TPETHEH AOJINOTH, NPH JAHHOM POHETHYECKOM INOJIOXEHHH; 3) cioBo jau Crepcre numer jaw u Ha crp. 69 onpezenser KOHeS3HHA 3BYK Kak cornacioilo wiv), CJIEJOBATEJIbHO, 346Ch, NPH NOJIOXEHHH B KOHIE CJIOBa, TOT AMGTOHT aukoropuii B ropope [lImuara nveer Tperbio aonroty (jai), wm, AeACTBUTENBHO, H3MEHAETCA B av, WIH XC 3BY4HT KaK I3KCIIHPaTOPHO-HHCXOAAIIMA mMdroHr , C KpaTKHM p(cpasi. Cka3aHHOe Bue). Ana guėronros c Tperbeio A04rotoio (°C HUCXOAAIIMM KaYeCTBOM ), B NOJIOKEHHH, MMEHHO, KaK A CKa3ajl, nepej 3BOHKOK cornachow, Crepcre jaér caeayomme npuMepu: gaida, gaūži, beidzu, 8a, {ila "acis grūza", pluinit (crp. 4), atinu — (crp. 5), aiz (crp. 69). Te M3 TMX C110B, KOTOPHE M3BECTHH MHE M3 JHPIAHACKHX roBopoB A, NpeACTaBIAIOT H 316Cb Ty Xe Aoaroty, umenno: gaūži J., III., beidzu, beigt H., JI, 3., III., ala 3., III., atinu, att D., III., aiz H., 3., III. c gaida y Crepcre, cpasu. gaidit y III. Jonrora c nonnum nepepusom B Audronrax OrMe3ema y Crepcre B CJIeJYONIHX Cygaax: gaita, laiks "HMeIoOmnA JiCHHY Ha ronose” (0 xuBoTHHX), beigt, &, ūlš "zeme" (umenno "M3BecrHAK"), suika "sufia vards" (crp. 4), beigts, aūts (crp. 5), prūtu, jūtu (crp. 9). Ana cos suika, jūtu y Crepcre Mune He H3BECTHO Ka4e6CTBO AO/INOTH H3 JIMĖJIAHACKHX roBOpOoB A; & MMeeT Ty Xe JOJIFOTY H B JIKĖOJIAH/ACKHX rosopax A (cw. Bue), a B npouux ciosax, npuseséunux y Crepcre, 3TH roBopu MMEIOT TPeThio Aoaroty Audronra: gaita III., laūks H., JL, II., III., ūlis III. (cpasu. Takxe lis y KpymGepra, c "angasurunm tonom”), afit (cm. sue), prūtu III. Hrak, B rosope Crepcre AnMOTOHrH C TPETHEIO JAOJIOTOKO, COXPAHAA 3TO KAYECTBO AO/INOTH Nepe] 3BOHKHMH COIJIACHHMH, M3MEHAIOTCA NPH NOJOXKEHHH Nepel TJLYXHMH COr/iaCHHIMH B AMOTOHTH C noauum nepepusoM (°c nepemenamum BHYTPH™, mo onpesenenno Crepcre)9; nosroMy is y Crepere, npu {lis y IIllwMnara, CBHJIETEJIbCTBYET, Mile KAXETCA, O TOM, 4TO | nepei riyxolo COrJIaCHOK $B AANHOM roBOpe He COXpauferT 3BONUKOTO CBOACTBA, HO MW3MEHAETCA B Trayxyl (Mam noayssonkyio?) cornacuyio. Crepcre, umes B BHAY TakHe ciayvaM, Kak afinu, beidzu | npu auts, bejgts, Aymaer 4ro M3menenne “HHCXOAAWErO KOJIM4eCTBa" (T.e. Tperhed 45 Oauopojno no npsakuaM TO ABnee TOBOPA B Drusti, O KOTOPOM 2 ynOMHHAJI BHILE, HMEHHO PAAIMIME B KONMYECTBE, HAND. MexAy au B drauga, B 3 mopu, MH au B draigs, T.e. B JHOLICHMM drauks, 8 2 Mop no Jwnenuucy. 5 BR ra 211 AONTOTH) 06YC/IOBIMBAETCA 3A6Ch BIMAHHEM TPYNNH COrJIACHHX B KOHUE CJIOra, HO Takoe oObsicuenne He NpHMEHAJIOCb Oh, Hanp., K gaita, prūtu BMecro gaita, priitu. IAnėronru c Tpersel0 zonrorol Bo BCex npumepax y Crepcre spasiorci, Kak A rOBOPHJI, B NOJIOXEHHH NEPEA 3BOHKOIO COIJIACHOIO; NO3TOMY Mor Oki MpeACTaBHTHCA BONPOC, HE CYWIECTBYET JH B AaHHOM IOBOpe H3MeHeHHe AMPTOHrOB C MOJIHHM NEpepHBOM B AHPTOHIM C TPETHEIO AOArOTO MPH NOJIOXEHHH Nepej 3BOHKHMH COrJIaCHHMH, HO Ha OCHOBAHMH ABJIEHHĖ, NPEACTaBIAEMHX HeJUJIMTEJIbHLIMH MKMĖTOHTH4ECKHMH COueTaKHAMH y Crepcre, Ha/O AyMATb, 9TO AHOTOHTH C NOJIHHM NEpepHBOM COXpaHAIOTCA Oe3 H3MEHEHHA B JAHHOM IOBOpE, MEXAY IIpO4HM, H Nepej 3BOHKHMH COrjiacHHMH (xoTa npumepos y Crepcre, K cCoxaJienuio, ner). B HEJUIMTEJIbHHIX AKMOTOHTHYECKHX COueraxnAax Crepcre pa3jimuaeT, Kak A roOBOPHI, "HucxoJjunee KOJIM4ecCTBO" (T.e. Tperbio AO/IOTY), H "KpaTKoe KOJIM4eCTBO"; H noaobHo TOMY Kak AHŠĖŠTOHTH C “HHCXOAAUIHM KOJIHYECTBOM , T.€. C TpETbELO AJOJIOTOD, H3MEHAIOT B ropope Crepcre 310 KaueCTBO JOJIOTH MPH NOJIOXEHHH NEPeA IIyXHMH COr/IACHHMH, TAK H AMPTOHIMYECKHE COYETAHMA C ~HMCXOJALIMM KOJIMYECTBOM™ NpH NOJIOXEHHH NEpej IJIyXHMH COrJIACHHMM He COXpaHAIOT 3TO KAYeCcTBO AOAIOTH B JAHHOM TOBOpE, HO H3MEHAIOT ero B TOT BMA AOArOTH, KOTOpHA y Crepcre me onpejgejičH H Ha3BaH omuOOUHO "KpaTKHM KOJIHYECTBOM™ (XOTA, MOHATHO, KOJIMY6CTBO UEJIOTO AKMOTOHTHYECKOTO COYETAHHA HE €CTh KPATKOE); TO xe "KpaTkoe KOJiH46CTBO" npexcrasafer y Crepcre AM@TOHrHIECKHE COYETAHMA NMEPEA COTJACHHMM, DJIYXHMH M 3BOHKHMHM, H B TeX CIy4asX, [JIE HM COOTBETCTBYIOT B JHPIAHACKHMX rosopax A ANQTOHrHIECKHE COYETAHMA C NOJIHLIM NnepepuBoM. [iA AMOTOHTH4ECKHX CO4eTAaHHŪ C "HHCXOAAIIMM KOJIHYECTBOM , T.e. C TperbelO jonrotol y Crepcre npusesén oamu npumep, umenno dzifd (crp. 69), ciegoBarejibuo, nepes 3BOHKOIO COriaCHOlO; Ta Xe AOJIrOTA B 3TOM CJIOBE H B JH@uARACKHX rosopax A: dzifdeét J., III. Įnėronrnueckue ooyeranus C "KpaTKHM KOJIM4ECTBOM" NEpej COrJIACHOI0 YKa3aHH y Crepcre B Ciegytomux Ciysaax: zirgs, pils, mans, nams (crp. 5); tumšt, kalnėm (crp. 69). CnoBa zirgs nm kalnėm, zat. nag. mu. 9. (B 3TOM croBe AugrOHTMŲ. 'CO4eTAHHE NEpejį 3BOHKOIO CONMlaCHOIO) MMEIOT B JIMĖJAICKMX roBOpax A AOArOTY C NOJIHLIM NEPEPHBOM, a B NpOuKX NipuMepax y Crepcre AHOTOHTrH4EeCKHE CONETANMA C "KpaTKHM KOJIM4ECTBOM" NEpejį IyXOl0 COMIaCHOIO NpOM3OLIJIKA M3 AMOTOHTH4ECKHX CO4eTaHHA C "HHCXOMALIMM KOJIMYECTBOM", T.e. C TpeTbelO AOJIrOTOJO: tumšt, CpaBii. tūmsa y Ouasenunca, a B pils, mans, nams ABAAIOTCA HOBHE AKĖŠTOHTH4ECKHE Co4eTaHHA INEpej S, MPEACTABIAIOWME B MOJAKACKHX roBopax A, KaK MH BH/HM, Tpersio onroty (pils, mais, nams). "Kparkoe konmsecrso” naxo1xrT Crepcre wu B AHQTOHIHYECKOM CO4eTaHHH B KOHUE CJIOBa, Hanp., tur “ram” (crp. 69). Hanso 3aMeTHTb, O1HAKO, "KpaTKOE KOJIKM46CTBO" AKOTOHTHYECKHX CO4weranuū Crepcre He OT/IHYAET OT KPaTKOro KOJIH4ECTBA CJIOTOB, MMEIONIHX KPATKYIO OTAEJIbHYO Macnylo, H, HANp., PAJOM C tumšt, tur OH pacCMATPHMBAET CJIOTH gri H ma B CJIO0Be grima. Hapeune sepxuenatnuickoe, no ciosam Crepcre (crp. 2 u 4), ormnnusaerca or cpeasero napeuusa B ynorpebienunm BHAOB AOjiroTH ("KoJiMaecTBa"), a mmenno BEPXHE/ATHILICKAA A/IMTEbHAA J0/INOTA ABJAETCA B TEX Cly4anx, Ae Cpejjiee Hapeune MMEET Kak JO/roTY C NOJHHM NEPEPHBOM, TAK M AONIOTY C "TOJiuKOM", MEXAY Tem 212 KaK B COOTBETCTBHH C JUIMTE/BHOIO AONIOTOK CPEAHEr0 HAape3HA BEPXHENATHIUICKOE Hapeune NpeACTaRIAeT JOJIOTY C NMOJHHM NepepHBOM MH joarory C "TojiuKomM". Ho Crepcre ne AaéT npuHMepoB H He Ha3HBaeT MeCcTHocren (B Ju@uanamu? win TaKxe H B Kypasauauu?), B KOTOpHX OH npou3soiun HAČJIOJEHHA HAA BHAZMH AC/ATOTH BEDXHEJIATHINCKHX ropopos. [lo ceuaerenscrsy Ilejiekca u Onazenunca, B BOCTOYHOM Jinėjnanauu, nanp., B Césvaine, Bérziine (no Ilenexcy nm Oumsenuncy), Vesténa, Vétalva, Landūna (no Oumenmncy), ciesosatensio B 061aCTH BEPXHENATHILICKONO Hape4HA CYWIECTBYIOT I'OBOPH, HMEIOLIHE ABA BHAA JOJINOTH: AOJIOTY JŲIMTEJILHYJO H aoaroty ¢ “Tonukom”, no onpexenenwio [lenexca; “Hucxoasumee npousHomenue”, no OHA3ENMHCY, T.e. AOArOTY, COOTBETCTBYIOUIYIO NO NPHPOAE TPETHEH AOArOTE Judaanackux rosopoB A. [lenexc 3zakniouaer, 970 B 3THX BOCTO3HOJIHŠOJIAHJCKHX roBopax B Tex chydasx, rae Gojiee 3anainne roBopu, HAa3HBAEMHE MHOI I'OBOPaMH A, MMEOT A0NroTY C NOJIHLIM NEpepHBOM, ABAAETCA AIMTENbHAs Aoarora (cpasH. Crepcre), XOT4 H He Taka A0Nraf, Kak B JMQAAHACKMX roBopax A; B COOTBETCTBHH C ATHTENBHOIO JAOJITOTOJO JIKĖJIAHACKHX rOBOPOB A 3TH BOCTOYHOIM@AHACKHE NOBOPH MMEIOT AOArOTY C "TONYKOM , XOTA H HE C TAKHM CWIbHHM, KaK B JH@AAHACKMX ropopax A; HaKoHell, AOArOTa C "TOJISKOM" JIMPNAHACKMX TOBOPOB A B THX BOCTOYHOIM@AHACKMX TOBOPAX WIM COXPAHAETCH, WIH M3MEHAETCA B JUIATEJIbHYO aonrory. Ilpumepos y [Nenexca ner. Cornacno c [lenexcom (cpasn. Toro xe Crepere), H OHA3E/MHC, KOTOPHA TakXe He JAŠT NpHMEpOB, YKAa3WBAET HA TO, YTO BMECTO "NpOH3HOLUEHHA" C NOJIHLIM TNEPEPHBOM ApyTHX NHPNAHACKHX IOBOPOB, HA3HBAEMHX MHOIO TOBOpaMH A, B 3THX BOCTOYHOJM@IAHACKMX TOBOpaX ABAAETCA ~AJIHTENBHOE npon3Homenne ("seviški", “npenmymecrsento”). B 3ax:uosennn atoro 0630pa TeX pa3jiM4KHū B BMAAX AOJITOTH, KAKHE ONMCAHH nOKA ANA Pa3/IMYHHX JIATHUICKHX TOBOpOB, NMpuBely COOOmEčHHOS moo r. BejiLpdoM nabuoenye ero Haj OAHMM M3 roBopoB cepepHOr JIngaananu. "B Pyencxom npuxose (Rūjene), B Jluėjnianjanu, NaTHIICKMA A3HK HMEET JAO/rHe TJIaCHHE H AMPTOHH TOJIbKO B KOPHEBHX cnorax490. Bo Bcex cy@@ukcax H OKOHTAHHAX JOJITHE riaCHHE M AMOTOHTH, 32 HCKJIOYeHHeM ai, COKPallaloTCA HA OJAHY MODpY, TaK YTO CTaJIH KpaTKHMH TJIACHHMHM, a CTaphe KPATKHE IJIACHHE BIOJIHE HC463JIH; NPH TOM {1 oGparH1o0Cb B u, a i ** — B e, Hanp., MeCTH. Naa. MH. 4. tirumus BMecro tirumūs, mazgates BMecTo mazgūtis, meits BMecTO meitas, HMČH, H BHHMT. Nal. MH. 4. Ūro KaCaeTCA pa3jiM4HA B KaueCTBE TOHA, TO B AMPTOHrax pas/IMIAOTCA TPH KaueCTBA. CymecrByioTr AMOTOHTH C AOJITOIO BTOpOIO 4aCTbiO H AHOŠTOHTH C KpaTKOKO BTOPOIO 4aCTbIO, A B NOCJIEJHKX MOXET ABJIATbCA NEPEPHB BHANXAEMOrO BO3AYXA MeEXAy oGenmMH sacraMH AnMOTOHTa; ato OhBaer, OAHAKO, JIMIUL B TOM CJly9ae, KOria cieayer 3BOHKAA COIJIACHAA, MEXAY TEM Kak nepei [JIyXOK COrjiacHolO HeT mepepusa. B AOMMX TNACHHX A HE MOT 3aMeTHTb nocneanero xasecrsa TOHa. Hanp., maizi, sun. nas. ea. 4. OT maize, H maisi, HMeH. naa. MH. 4. OT mMaiss. (Okxomanne creayer ) 46 V, xonewo, Taxxe B NPHCTABHKX, T.e. BOOGIE NOA r/IABHEM YAR PEHHEM. 47 T.e., B mom uanncanunu, & Komentarus ir pastabas numatoma spausdinti visos publikacijos pabaigoje. 213