Monografija apie metskaitlių leidėją

LITHUANIAN LINGUISTICS QUESTIONS, XXXI (1994) QUESTIONS OF LANGUAGE NORMALIZATION OVERVIEWS, NOTES, REVIEWS, BIBLIOGRAPHY Monograph on the publisher of the yearbooks Petkevičiūtė D. Laurynas Ivinskis. V.: Mokslas, 1988. 1990 marked the 180th anniversary of the birth of L. Ivinskis. In Lithuanian encyclopedias L. Ivinskis is called a popular educator, a writer. However, in the consciousness of the Lithuanian intelligentsia, the image of this noble man is probably primarily associated with the concepts of “calendar publisher” and “teacher”. And also — with a picture of a kind-hearted, bright, lonely man. J. Basanavičius, J. Šliūpas, Vaižgantas, V. Mykolaitis-Putinas and others were interested in L. Ivinskio personality and his works. About his contributions to our common language wrote J. Kruopas, J. Palionis, V. Vitkauskas and other linguists. D. Petkevičiūtė’s monograph, which summarizes all studies of L. Ivinskio work, highlights and systematizes his biographical facts, relations with contemporaries, and evaluates the merits of the famous educator and writer for our culture. The author of the monograph correctly states that „L. "Ivinskis Calendars — Unique Publication in the History of Lithuanian Literature". It is said that some outstrip the future, while others are outstripped by the past. L. Ivinskis was a bright and progressive man. His talent as a pragmatic scientist is more pronounced than that of a creator. L. Ivinskis was evaluated by famous scientists of the time: A. Bilenšteinas, A. Flamincynas, F. Kuršaitis, M. Voronin and others. D. Petkevičiūtė emphasizes that L. Ivinskis “was the first of Lithuanian educators to raise the ever-sensitive problem of nature protection”. He was also the first popularizer of science, one of the first terminologists. in This monograph is valuable in many respects. First of all, it should be noted that it, especially the biographical part of it, is based on extensive archive material, good study of sources and appropriate summarization of them. D. Petkevičiūtė looks at L. Ivinskio legacy mainly through the eyes of a historian, writer and linguist. The author of the monograph well reconstructed The environment of Kėlainiai school, where L. Ivinskis studied, described in detail his pedagogical work in Rietavo parish and agricultural schools, Joniškėlis parish. in Kaunas and the last days of his life in Milvydai. Literary collaborators of her newly established calendars are significant for the history of literature: Mikalojus Gadliauskas (1818—1890), Jokūbas Kurmavičius (1794—1858), Karolis Brunas Rimavičius (1808—1874), Motiejus Žutautas (1828—1880) and others. The monograph also discusses in detail the literary legacy of L. Ivinskis himself. According to tradition, he is credited with the short story "The Circumcision", the stories "The Craftsman and the Chebator", "The Rich and the Poor Neighbor", "The Payment", "The Shame" and several short stories. The poetic legacy of L. Ivinski is also limited: two tales, two fairy tales, 181 several poems. Having regard to L. The work of Ivinskis ir jo translations, D. Petkevičiūtė correctly emphasizes that the greatest L. Ivinsky's merit to literature is that in calendars for the first time jo printed S. Valiūno poems for "Writing a Lithuanian dictionary" ir “Birutė”, A. Baranauskas’ “Anykščių šilelis”, K. Praniauskaitės translation of “Žalčio motė”, Poška’s “Mano D. darželis” ir ‘Gromata pas Tadeusz Czackis", J. Emphasis "Artūras" ir et al. D. Petkevičiūtė does not examine L. Ivinskij's lexicographic and terminological activities. Other linguistic issues, especially terminology, are explained in the monograph in some places somewhat superficially, but quite accurately. For example, it ne says: "The best calendars are the names of 141 p. the Zodiac constellations. Zodiac constellations even now, more than a century later, are still called 100 L. Names translated in Ivinsky's calendars: Awinas, Tauris, Dwinej, Wiežis, Lewas, Pana, Swarstikles, Kurklis, Strielezius, Ožis, Wandu, Žuvis.’ Iš real Zodiac constellations names — ne L. Translated terms for Ivinski calendars. D. Poška (formerly known as ir M. Sarbievijus) claimed that Lithuanians knew the constellations of the Zodiac and gave them ir Lithuanian names! : jų "First—Aries, second — Bulls, three called Twins, the Fourth — Cancer, fifth Leo, SeSts — Panaitė, Sekmas — Pound, eighth — Parplys Worm, Nine Shooter, — Ten — Gooseberry, the Eleventh — "The 12-year-old girl who wasn't allowed to — play in the 12-year-oldsu s' football team". ; To The names of the constellations were slightly altered in the calendars of the period. For example, the following names were used in the “Aušra” calendar: Tekis (Aries), Taurus, Gemini, Cancer, Leo, Pan, Libra, Scorpio, Sagittarius, Goat, Aquarius, Fish®. L. Irving was a ir newcomer to the theatre. This is shown by the jo terminology used in plant systematics, translations of fictional literature and popular ir science articles. However, in order to identify novelties, it is necessary to prove that they are words of ne human (oral) language that the words were not used by previous ir authors. tų D. Petkevičiūtė is not accurate in this respect. For example, when speaking about L. Translated by Ivinskis J. Krasickis' short story "Koduras" (p. 164) it says that L. Ivinskis "used his own novelties in translation, such as draugininkaj, užmusziejas, klastininkaj". Iš real word buddy is not L. Ivinski's Renovation — „draugo, bičiulio“ in the jį meaning of „friend, friend“ has used K. Sirvydas, also used in the book "Summa Aba Short introduction to Ewangeliv... Kiedaynise... 1653“, o used in the meaning of „participanjį t, accomplice“ M. Mažvydas ir ‘Margarita Theological". Tą the same can be said about the ir word deceiver. In the meaning of "deceiver, deceiver" jį has used L. Ivinski's contemporary Antanas Ta1 Names of K. constellations // Language culture. 1990. Sas. 59. P. 51. 2 Poška D. Writings. V., 1959. P. 89. 2? Kalonaitis R. The sun goes in a circle of beasts. V. 1976. P. 21. 4 Jankevičius K., Jankevičienė R. Some new data on L. Ivinskis's works in the fields of Lithuanian botanical terminology // "Botany Question1962. T. 2. 182 s, tarė (1805-1889)- ". This fact alone cannot prove that the word falstnik is a novelty of L. Ivinski. The term striekis (p. 229) is not a novelty either. It is Germanism. The monograph correctly reproaches L. Ivinskis that, in translating Robinson Crusoe, he “unsuccessfully formed the genders of some words, e.g.: ispanczikas, brazilaziki” (p. 229). In this case, the language is not considered to be a language, but rather to be a language-type. In some places, correction errors have not been avoided when presenting the Latin botanical terms used by L. Ivinski, e.g.: „Wilkuoge juodoje. 221) "A.S. 221" (PDF). "A.S. 221" (PDF). Agraricus (= Agaricus —KG) muscarius" (p. 221) "Skujej, ne lapaj spruglu, puszun ir jadagiun. Folia (= Folia —KG) occulares (= acicularis —KG)“ (p. 221) and others. If these are errors of L. Ivinski, they should have been discussed in the footnotes. The terms used by the author herself are also not always accurate, e.g.: “In the translation L. Ivinskis incorrectly used the prefix nu: in compound words he wrote the hypernormalism from instead of it”. (p. 223). Su prepositional words cannot be called either compound or compounded. In another place it is written: “The dialect is confirmed by the sound n[...] preserved in nasal forms” (p. 222). There is no definition of the term "nasal form". All these are all sorts of trifles, small mistakes. However, since there are not one or two such details in the monograph, but a whole handful, one will or will not begin to doubt the professionalism of the linguistic analysis of L. Ivinski’s texts. One more reproach can be made to the content of the monograph. For example, the first chapter is called “The Way of Life.” But after all, the work of a teacher or work in Kaunas is also a path of life. The monograph is accompanied by a bibliographical index of works, articles and messages published in L. Ivinski calendars, but we are missing the index of names and the list of illustrations usually included in such monographs. By highlighting the small shortcomings of the reviewed monograph, we do not mean that the forest is not visible through the trees. The forest here is clearly visible and pleasing to the eye. The work done by D. Petkevičiūtė deserves good words. In the words of the Roman playwright Publius Terentius, pro captu lectoris habent sua fata libelli, i.e. the fate of books depends on the reader’s judgment. We believe that this book will have a favourable fate, because it is honestly written and of a good scientific level. Kazimieras Gaivenis LYGUTĖ, O NE According to Lithuanian ornithology authority Tadas Ivanauskas, in the family of alpestrians (Alaudidae), in addition to the most well-known field — wild alpestrian, or arable alpestrian (Alauda arvensis) LPV 134, LP III 167, city — alpestrian, or ridged alpestrian (Galerida cristata; TLE IV crictata is a proofreading error) LPV 135, LP III 173 (otherwise also alpestrian), in our country very rare (mostly in the Curonian Spit) horned (in Latvian, eared—woven) alpestrian (Eremophila alpestris) LPV 135, LP III 175, there is also a fourth species — dry, sandy soil (Eremophila alpestris) LPV 135, LP III 175, which does not like Suvalkia fertile fields, Klaipėda area and the Baltic Sea coast. LJ 183