ORGANIZATION OF TEST NURSERY TO DETERMINE THE OPTIMAL NUMBER OF SEEDLINGS IN GROWING THE RYE VARIETY "SHALOLA" FOR GRAIN AND HAY

ISSN: 2582-4686 SJIF 2021-3.261,SJIF 2022-2.889, 2024-6.875 ResearchBib IF: 9.948 / 2024 VOLUME-5, ISSUE-10 387 UDC: 633.14 ORGANIZATION OF TEST NURSERY TO DETERMINE THE OPTIMAL NUMBER OF SEEDLINGS IN GROWING THE RYE VARIETY “SHALOLA” FOR GRAIN AND HAY Ahmedov T.P. Department head, Scientific-Research Institute of Livestock and Poultry Abstract In order to ensure the full nutrition of livestock, a well-established feed base is essential. To improve the feed base, it is advisable to cultivate cereal crops as intermediate crops. Intermediate crops provide the opportunity to harvest twice from the same field, thereby increasing the volume of feed units obtained per hectare. Among the crops sown as intermediate crops in the autumn period, rye is considered one of the most suitable. Determining the optimal sowing density when cultivating rye for grain is of critical importance. This article presents data obtained from studying the average plant height indicators of the Shalola rye variety when sown at different rates. Keywords: Animal husbandry, feed base, intermediate crops, yield, rye, plant height, grain, silage INTRODUCTION The decree No. PQ-4243 dated March 18, 2019, titled “On Measures to Further Develop and Support the Livestock Sector,” the decree dated March 28, 2019, “On the Organization of the Activities of the State Committee for Veterinary Medicine and Livestock Development of the Republic of Uzbekistan,” the decree No. 120-PQ dated February 8, 2022, “On Approval of the Program for the Development of the Livestock Sector and Its Branches in the Republic of Uzbekistan for 2022–2026,” and the decree No. 121-PQ dated April 12, 2023, “On Measures to Improve the System of Crop Production on the Margins of Agricultural Enterprises” emphasize the importance of increasing the livestock population, improving productivity, and strengthening the feed base. One of the important conditions for improving livestock farming is a solid foundation. In this case, the cost of production is the cost of livestock farming. Proper organization of the feed base not only develops the material sector, but also serves as the basis for the production of inexpensive livestock products. In our republic, there are areas used for cultivation, and most of the existing areas are deficient in saline water to varying degrees, which requires effective loading from these lands. However, the number of livestock in our republic is increasing from year to year. Therefore, it is necessary to effectively use the available energy in livestock breeding, increase crop yields, develop energy technologies to increase the yield per hectare of land, monitor varieties and hybrids, search for new sources, and find new sources in action. In the implementation of agricultural production, livestock farms are specialized in the production of livestock products, provided with high-generation seeds, and irrigated high-yielding areas are allocated for them. To meet the requirements of livestock, it is necessary to export flour from existing land areas, adjust crop types and varieties in accordance with soil and climatic conditions, and use high-generation seeds. Breeders, scientists and researchers have developed a number of good varieties. If the continuation of primary seed production work on Ozuqabop crop varieties is not carried out at the required level, ISSN: 2582-4686 SJIF 2021-3.261,SJIF 2022-2.889, 2024-6.875 ResearchBib IF: 9.948 / 2024 VOLUME-5, ISSUE-10 388 it will lead to biological decay of the varieties, which will cause their training to increase. Varieties lose their characteristics of productivity, establishment, and resistance to various adverse climatic conditions. Primary seed production work is carried out in originating organizations. New varieties have a unique feature of supporting primary seed production through productivity, biometric indicators of the court. THE PURPOSE OF THE WORK The purpose of the work is to develop agricultural techniques for growing new varieties of rye, and to conduct primary seed production on the “Shalola” rye variety. METHODS The experiments are being conducted on the gray soil of the experimental field of the ScientificResearch Institute of Livestock and Poultry. Tajrib region is located in the foothills of the Kibray district of Tashkent region, 15 km from the city, at an altitude of 400 m above sea level. The experiments were carried out based on the methods of B. Dospekhov (1985) “Field experimental methods”, “Obtaining elite seeds from cereals and legumes” Tashkent 1982, “Cultivation of elite and super-elite seeds of beetroot” Tashkent 1983, “Cultivation of cereals” Tashkent 2013, “Tashkent 2013. 2014. ANALYSIS To determine the optimal number of seedlings for growing rye variety “Shalola” for grain and haylage, experimental nurseries were established. Autumn experimental planting was organized on October 20, 2024. Seeds were sown manually in 6 options. Sowing options were in 4 replications. The sowing rate per 1 m2 of land was 250 seeds in option 1, i.e. 8.633 g, 300 seeds in option 2, i.e. 10.359 g, 350 seeds in option 3, i.e. 12.086 g, 413 seeds in option 4, i.e. 410 g, 450 seeds in option 5, i.e. 15.539 g, and 500 seeds in option 6, i.e. 17.266 g. (Table 1) Table 1 Rye planting standards No. 1 to to the ground two norm ( piece ) 1 to the ground two norm ( g ) 1 to to the ground two norm ( kg ) 1 m2 to the ground two norm ( piece ) 1 m2 to the ground two norm ( g ) 1 2500000 86327,5 86,328 250 8,63 3 2 3000000 103593 103,593 300 10,359 3 3500000 120858,5 120,85 9 350 12,08 6 4 4000000 138124 138,124 400 13,81 3 5 4500000 155389,5 155,389 450 15,539 6 5000000 172655 172,655 500 17,266 ISSN: 2582-4686 SJIF 2021-3.261,SJIF 2022-2.889, 2024-6.875 ResearchBib IF: 9.948 / 2024 VOLUME-5, ISSUE-10 389 Pictures 1-2-3. The process of preparing the land for sowing rye Figure 4. Rye planted land appearance Figures 5-6. Appearance of sprouted rye ISSN: 2582-4686 SJIF 2021-3.261,SJIF 2022-2.889, 2024-6.875 ResearchBib IF: 9.948 / 2024 VOLUME-5, ISSUE-10 390 In the fall of 2023, on November 9, a seed nursery of the “Shalola” rye variety was established on an area of 1.0 ha. Field inspections were conducted in three nurseries in 2024 and took place on July 67. The yield was 2.4 tons. 7. Rye variety “Shalola” 1. CONCLUSION Grain and silage yield studied and economic place was released. Based on the plant needs, it is possible to arrive at a density that will affect the leaf yield of the plants. The number of plants multiplied by the surface area of the treatment per plant. The average leaf area of each plant was 691,198 cm2 at a plant density of 50000 plants/ha and 656,949 cm2 at a density of 85000 plants. A seed nursery of the rye variety “Shalola” was established on an area of 1.0 ha. Field inspections were conducted and harvested in three nurseries in 2024. The harvested crop amounted to 2.4 tons. REFERENCES: 1. Abdukarimov D.T, Gorelov Ye.P., Batirov K.F, Intercrops in Uzbekistan / Fodder cultivation (textbook), -Samarkand, 1995. -126-135 p. 2. Aydiev A. Ya, Novikova V.T, Dudkin V.M, Ecological selection of winter triticale // The role of triticale in stabilizing the production of grain, feed and the technology of their use: Proc. int. scientific-practical. conf. - Part 1. - Rostov-on-Don, 2016. - Pp. 41-45. 3. Aytuganov N.S., Measures for the development of forage grass seed production in Kazakhstan. Livestock and forage production: theory, practice, and innovation. Proceedings of the international scientific and practical conference. Almaty, June 6-7, 2013. pp. 180-182. 4. Amelin A.V, Azarova E.F., The role of variety in crop formation // Agriculture. 2002.- No. 1. – P. 20. 5. An He Sung, IVMassino, F.G.Boboyev, K.K.Azizov ―Triticale is a valuable crop. Handbook. MSUITTS and COPY RDA, KOREA. Tashkent 2018. pp. 2-9. 6. Atabayeva X.N, Rozmetov R., Advanced technologies of growing field crops. Tashkent 2004. 33 pages. 7. Akhmedova S.M, Massino I.V, Eremenko O.V, Seed production of forage crops.”Mehnat”, 1989, 152 p.