भारत एक उदयोन्मुख अर्थव्यवस्था: जागतिक परिप्रेक्ष्यात एक सखोल विश्लेषण

Journal of Research and Development Peer Reviewed International, Open Access Journal. ISSN : 2230-9578 | Website: https://jrdrvb.org Volume-17, Issue-10(I)| October2025 1   󰬁 󰫦󰱿󰬎:  󰲐󰭈󰬐   󰲄 .󰰌 󰰌  󰫦󰲌  󰭈 ..   󰫵 󰱳,,. Email - [email protected] Manuscript ID: JRD -2025-171001 ISSN: 2230-9578 Volume 17 Issue 10(I) Pp. 1-9 October 2025 Submitted: 10 Sept. 2025 Revised: 20 Sept. 2025 Accepted: 05 Oct. 2025 Published: 31 Oct. 2025    󰬁 󰫦󰱿󰬎 󰬆    󰬎       󰲄   .   󰱯     , 󰫳 󰲗󰫦  , 󰬄  󰬋 󰰀 󰬉   .  󰬁 󰫦󰱿󰬎  󰬉, 󰭈 󰲗󰫦 󰰘  󰫦 󰬎,   󰱇󰲖   󰲇 󰫽 󰬀 󰫽    󰫤 󰰗󰲑󰭅  .   󰫦 󰲒,  󰬀   󰫦  󰫦󰱿󰬎 , 󰬴󰱇󰲒  (Purchasing Power Parity - PPP) 󰬬 󰬴 .    󰫤󰭃,  󰬀󰫦  󰱚 󰫯 󰫦     󰫳 󰭈 󰭈  .  󰲗󰫦     󰲗󰫦  󰲐  . , , 󰲗󰫦     󰫦  󰭈 󰫦 󰬋 .  󰬎, -  󰬀󰫤    󰬎     󰱇󰲒 󰬆   󰫦  . 󰬍󰫦  󰬆  󰲒,   󰲗󰫦 󰱇󰲒 󰫼󰫳 󰫦 ,   󰫦  󰬁󰬇  󰬆   󰬎  󰫼 󰫤 , 󰫵 󰫽   󰲆 󰬌 . 󰭈󰬎: 󰬁 󰫦󰱿󰬎 󰬆 ? 󰬁 󰫦󰱿󰬎 (Emerging Market Economy)     󰫦󰱿󰬎 ,       .  󰫦󰱿󰬎  ‘ ’     󰫽  󰲇󰫳 ,  󰫦 󰬍󰱘 󰱇 . , , 󰭊  󰫮󰫯    . 󰬁 󰫦󰱿󰬎  󰭈 󰬍󰱘 󰭈 : Quick Response Code: Website: https://jrdrvb.org/ DOI:10.5281/zenodo.17112901 Creative Commons (CC BY-NC-SA 4.0) This is an open access journal, and articles are distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International Public License, which allows others to remix, tweak, and build upon the work noncommercially, as long as appropriate credit is given and the new creations ae licensed under the idential terms. Address for correspondence: .󰰌 󰰌  ,󰫦󰲌  󰭈 ,..   󰫵 󰱳,, How to cite this article: 󰰌 󰰌  (2025).   󰬁 󰫦󰱿󰬎:  󰲐󰭈󰬐   󰲄, Journal of Research & Development, 17(10(I)), 1–9 Original Article Journal of Research and Development Peer Reviewed International, Open Access Journal. ISSN : 2230-9578 | Website: https://jrdrvb.org Volume-17, Issue-10(I)| October2025 2  󰲗󰫦 :   󰲗󰫦    6  7 󰫮󰫮󰫳 󰬆 ,   󰲇󰫳 3 󰫮󰫮󰫤 󰬎 .  󰫽   󰫦 󰫽 (GDP)    󰲇󰫤  .   󰬀  󰫽󰱷:   󰫦󰱿󰬎    ,  󰫽  󰫽󰱷    󰬀 . 󰲇 󰲒 󰫦:  󰫦󰱿󰬎   (Foreign Direct Investment - FDI) 󰲗󰫦 󰫼 󰭈󰱡 .    , 󰫦   󰱿 󰫼  , 󰫵  󰭃󰫥,   󰱿 󰱮󰰎  󰭈 . 󰫽   󰫦 󰭑:  󰫦󰫳 󰭑  󰰉 󰫽   󰫼  󰲑 .   󰲇 󰫽 󰬁 󰬎  󰲛󰰩   󰭈󰬁 .  󰬀󰫦: 󰲗󰫦  󰱿󰱇󰲒 󰲐󰱪   󰬀󰫦 󰭈 . 󰬉 󰫽󰱷 󰫽    󰫽 󰬉  , 󰭃󰫥  󰫤  .  󰬁 󰫦󰱿󰬎   ?     󰲇     󰬀 󰬎 󰲒  . 󰫽 󰫦󰱿󰬎    ,   -󰲐  󰱳  -󰲐  󰰉󰲐  .   󰬍,  󰬀󰫦,  󰭃󰫥   󰫤󰭃 󰭈  󰫦  󰫽  󰬁  󰬆 󰲐 .  , 󰫳 󰬁 󰫦󰱿󰬎  󰲄  .   󰭈 󰲗󰫦 󰰘,  󰱇󰲖 , 󰫦  󰲎 󰬋,      󰫽   󰫤 󰰗󰲑󰭅  .  󰲑󰬍󰱘 - . 󰬁 󰫦󰱿󰬎  󰬉  . . 󰫳 󰲗󰫦   󰬅.  . 󰫳 󰲗󰫦  󰬄  󰬋 󰰀 󰬉 . .󰭈 󰲗󰫦 󰰘  󰫦 󰬎 󰬅. .  󰱇󰲖   . . 󰲇 󰫽 󰬀     󰫤 󰰗󰲑󰭅 .  󰫦󰱿󰬎 󰫦 󰬎󰰉  󰭈 󰲗󰫦 󰰘 -  󰫦 󰫽 (GDP)  󰬴󰱇󰲒  (PPP)   󰬎 -  󰬎  󰲗󰫦   󰭈 󰰘󰰉  : 󰭃  󰫦 󰫽 (Nominal GDP)  󰬴󰱇󰲒  (Purchasing Power Parity - PPP). 󰭃 󰫳 ,  󰬀 $ . 󰲐󰬾 GDP   󰱿 󰬴 󰫦  󰫦󰱿󰬎 .  󰬴 󰲐, ,   󰫦 󰫳  ., 󰬴󰱇󰲒  (PPP),  󰬎   󰲑.  ,  $ . 󰲐󰬾   󰫦  󰫦󰱿󰬎 , 󰫵󰬀   ($. 󰲐󰬾)  󰲐 ($. 󰲐󰬾) 󰫳  .   󰫳 󰲗󰫦   󰰍  . 󰭃      󰫳 󰱚 󰫯  󰫦 󰬎  󰫳   󰲑󰰎 󰫦 .   󰱍 󰲕  󰫦 󰲒,  󰬴󰱇󰲒  󰬎  , 󰫵 󰱚 󰫦   󰲑 . , 󰭃   󰲕    󰲗󰫦    Journal of Research and Development Peer Reviewed International, Open Access Journal. ISSN : 2230-9578 | Website: https://jrdrvb.org Volume-17, Issue-10(I)| October2025 3 󰱿 󰫽   󰫦󰲑 󰬉  . 󰫽, 󰫳 󰲗󰫦  󰬉  󰬁 󰰘   󰬌 . 󰲗󰫦    󰬍   -  󰫳     󰲗󰫦  󰰣 . 󰲗󰫦 󰫦  󰬀,  󰫦󰱿󰬎 󰫦 󰬎󰫳   󰱆  󰬎  󰰣.  󰲗󰫦 󰲐󰬎 󰬎 , 󰫦  󰫳 󰲗󰫦    .  , 󰲗󰫦 󰫦 - 󰬀  󰬎  󰲇 󰫽 (Real GDP) .   󰱆 󰫼  .󰬍 󰫳 󰫮󰱯 󰲇  (IMF) 󰫯 󰬎 󰫽  󰱿󰱇  . IMF 󰫳 󰫵 ,   󰬀      󰫦  󰫦󰱿󰬎 . ,  󰰩 󰫦   󰬬 󰬴 󰫼  󰫦  .  󰫽󰫦    󰫳 ' '󰬀 󰭈  󰬉  ,  󰲗󰫦   󰬉  .     󰫦󰲑 . 󰫳 ,  󰰩  󰫦󰱿󰬎    󰱆  , 󰫵  󰫽󰱷 $.  󰭈 󰫦  .   󰲗󰫦    󰫼 󰫤 . 󰫦󰱿󰬎 󰫤󰭃 : , 󰱳    󰫦󰱿󰬎  󰬍󰱘 󰬆  󰫽 󰬎󰰉. 󰬎󰮇 󰬉  󰫦󰱿󰬎  󰫤󰭃 󰫦󰬎 ,  󰬉    -󰲐 󰫦󰱿󰬎 -󰲐 󰫦󰱿󰬎   .    ‘󰫽 󰱨’ (Structural Dualism) 󰫦  ,      󰬎 󰱷 .  󰫤󰭃 󰫦󰬎:  󰫤󰭃 󰫳 󰲗󰫦      . 󰲗󰫦 󰫦  󰬀,  󰫤󰭃 󰫦󰱿󰬎󰫳  󰲒   󰱆  ,  󰫽  󰬉󰫦 (GVA)  󰲗󰫦 󰫦   . 󰫮󰫮󰰉 󰲗󰫦 󰫦  󰬀 . 󰫮󰫮󰰩  .  󰫤󰭃 󰲗󰫦   󰬉  󰰩  󰫮󰫮󰫤 󰬎 .  ,  󰭃󰫥  󰱿 󰫳   󰬉  󰫮  .  󰬎, 󰫳  󰫦 󰫽   , 󰫵󰬀   󰱿    󰱆  .  󰫤󰭃 :  󰫤󰭃      .    . 󰱆 󰫯  . , 󰫽 󰫳     ,  󰬀󰫳 󰲑 . 󰱆 . 󰰉 󰬎󰲆  󰲒, 󰰀󰫯 󰫯  󰫽 󰬉  󰫤󰭃  ,   󰫤󰭃  󰫯 󰬎 󰬉󰫦  . 󰬉  󰰩  󰫤󰭃  󰲗󰫦   . 󰱆  ,  󰱷󰫤 󰰍󰫦 .    (Digital Agriculture Mission)  󰬴  󰫤󰭃 󰫦󰫤  󰬶 󰲐󰱪  󰫼 󰭈󰱡  .  󰲐󰭈󰬐  󰫽 󰬎 󰬁 󰫦󰱿󰬎 󰬆     󰬉 󰫽  󰬎  󰬎󰲆 .  󰭊󰫮 (BRICS)   󰫦  󰫯  󰫦󰱿󰬎   󰰍 . 󰭊󰫮 (BRICS)  : , 󰭊  󰫤 󰲑󰭉   󰭊  󰬁 󰭊󰫮  (󰭊, , , , 󰫤 󰲑󰭉) 󰬎   󰫦󰱿󰬎 . , 󰫽󰫳 󰲗󰫦  󰰍󰫦  󰲑 . Journal of Research and Development Peer Reviewed International, Open Access Journal. ISSN : 2230-9578 | Website: https://jrdrvb.org Volume-17, Issue-10(I)| October2025 4 󰲗󰫦  :   󰫦 󰫽󰫳 (Aggregate GDP)   󰫦󰱿󰬎 󰭊󰫤  .  󰫯   󰭈 󰫯 ( 󰬀  . 󰬄) ,  󰭊󰫳  󰫤 󰫯󰫤   . 󰭃,  󰫽󰱷󰫳 (GDP per capita)  󰭊 󰫤   .  󰬀, 󰭊   $ ,     $ .   󰫳 󰲗󰫦    󰫽󰱷󰫳 󰫦 󰭈 . 󰲗󰫦  󰭓: 󰭊 󰫦󰱿󰬎 󰲗󰫦    󰱿   , 󰫵  󰫳 󰲑  󰫽  󰲐 . ,   󰲇    󰫤󰭃 󰬎 󰲐 , 󰫵   󰬎 .   󰫦󰫯 󰭈 󰫦󰱿󰬎 󰬎󰫦 󰫳        󰬋,  󰭈 󰫦󰱿󰬎 󰬎󰫦  . 󰲇  (IMF) 󰫳 ,   󰬀      󰫦  󰫦󰱿󰬎 .  ,   󰰩 󰫦   󰬬 󰬴 󰫼 󰫮 .  󰱿 󰭈 󰫳  󰬴  󰰍󰫦  󰫦.     󰬁  󰬆  ,  󰲇    󰲗󰫦 󰱿󰬎   󰱇󰲒 󰬆   󰬉 󰬎󰲆 .  󰬎󰫦      󰫼 󰭈󰲐 ,  󰫽    󰫤󰭃. 󰱇  .: 󰭈 󰫦󰱿󰬎 : 󰭃 GDP  PPP ( )  󰭃 GDP (󰲐󰬾 $) 󰬴󰱇󰲒  (PPP) (󰲐󰬾 $)  - . 󰲐 - .  . .  - . 󰫦 - -  - . 󰭊 - - 󰫤 󰲑󰭉 . . 󰲌: https://www.investopedia.com/articles/markets/050416/economics-report-compare-and-contrast-indiavs-brazil-pbr.asp 󰲗󰫦  󰭈 󰬋    󰲗󰫦 󰭈 󰬉  , 󰫦   󰬎   󰬋    , 󰫵 󰭈  󰬌 .  󰬋 :  󰬬 󰫦󰱿󰬎    󰬎  .  󰬎 󰬎󰰉  .  ,   󰱳󰬀  󰫼  󰭈󰫤   ,  , 󰱍󰫤 󰰈󰬀   󰬎 . 󰱿󰰌 󰫤 󰬉󰬀     󰱆 ,     󰫤 󰬉󰬀   󰱆 .  ' 󰫤󰱮'  󰬉 󰫳  󰫦 󰬉 -  󰬎󰲆 .  󰬎  󰫼  -󰲐  󰬎  󰱳 󰭈󰫽  󰬌 . Journal of Research and Development Peer Reviewed International, Open Access Journal. ISSN : 2230-9578 | Website: https://jrdrvb.org Volume-17, Issue-10(I)| October2025 5 󰲐󰱪  󰲗󰫦 : 󰬉  󰰩 󰲐󰱪 󰫦   󰭈  . -  -  󰬆 .   󰲐󰱪󰫳  󰫼  . 󰭃, 󰫽  󰲗󰫦    󰬎  . 󰫮󰫳 ,  󰫦 󰭑  󰱆   󰲇 󰰌  󰱆 󰬎 .  󰫦 󰲒 󰲗󰫦    󰫦 󰬎󰰩  󰭈  , 󰫵  ,   󰲗󰫦 󰬎 󰫦  .   󰫦:    (. ,     󰱿󰬎)  󰬁   󰭈 󰬋 .  - 󰰩 $ 󰲐󰬾 GDP  󰬐 󰫼    $. 󰲐󰬾 󰫦  󰬌 . 󰫦, 󰬎, 󰬉    󰫯 󰫤󰭃 󰭈󰬁 󰲑  . ‘󰭈 󰱇󰲒 ’  ‘ 󰬁󰭉󰬎󰬾󰫮  (NIP)’ 󰫯 󰰍󰫳  󰬴  󰫳 󰭈󰬉     󰫽   .  󰬋   󰫦󰱿󰬎    󰬉,   󰫽  󰲗󰫦   󰭈  . 󰬁 󰫦󰱿󰬎 󰬆    󰰎   :    :    󰱿   󰬉  . 󰬴 󰱮   󰱿󰫽   ,  󰱷  󰫳 󰲑   . 󰲇  󰲑 󰲀: 󰫯 󰱚 -, 󰲇  󰲑 󰬎  󰫽  󰫼    󰫦 . 󰰌  󰬎:  󰬎 󰰌  󰬎   󰭈 - 󰬁 󰫦󰱿󰬎  󰲐 .    󰬉  󰲗󰫦 󰬎 󰭃  .  󰫽         󰫦󰱿󰬎   ,      󰫽   󰰍   . - 󰬀  󰬀󰫤  ' '   -   󰰗    G-  󰬀󰫤 󰬎.  󰬀󰫤 󰬉 ' ' 󰲕 ' 󰫾,  ,  󰬍' (One Earth, One Family, One Future)  .       󰫦  󰫼  󰲑. G- 󰬀     󰲒  󰱆   󰱿󰲒  󰱆  , 󰫵    󰫦󰱿󰬎 󰬎 󰰍󰫦 .  󰬀󰫤   󰬎 '󰲂󰰉' 󰬆   󰲑 .  G-     󰬎 󰬆 󰬋,     󰬎- 󰱇󰲒 󰬆 󰫽  󰫦.      ‘󰫼 ’ (Negligible Participation) ‘󰲐󰫦 ’ 󰫼󰫳 󰲑  .  󰱿  (WTO)   󰲇 󰬎  󰬎    󰲗󰫦 󰱿󰬎  '󰲐󰫦 ' 󰫼 󰫳 .  󰫦󰱿󰬎 󰱺  , 󰱿 󰬎󰰘 󰲐 󰫼   󰬎 󰫽 󰫼   󰱿  (WTO) 󰬎󰫽 󰬎.   󰬎  󰬎 󰫽󰫳 󰫽 -󰲒  󰲗󰫦 󰰍 󰭈󰲓 .    󰬉  󰫤  ,     󰫼   󰲇󰫳 󰫳 󰰗󰱞  󰫼 󰭈󰱡 . Journal of Research and Development Peer Reviewed International, Open Access Journal. ISSN : 2230-9578 | Website: https://jrdrvb.org Volume-17, Issue-10(I)| October2025 6   󰱿   ' 󰰗󰭅' 󰫼 󰲑󰱯󰲆    󰬉   󰱿  (Foreign Trade Policy - FTP) 󰲑󰱯󰲆  󰰩  󰫦 $ 󰲐󰬾󰰩  .    󰲗󰫦   ,       ‘󰰍󰫦 󰰗󰭅’ 󰬆 󰭈󰬎 󰫼  󰰍󰫤 󰭈󰱡 . 󰭈   󰫦 󰰌    󰫳   󰰈󰲑󰬉  .  : 󰬍 󰫮  󰫽  󰫳 󰬍    󰲗󰫦    󰬉󰫳 󰬁  .   󰫽     󰱯 󰬀 󰫼 󰰍󰫦 󰰉 :   󰫽 : 󰬉 : 󰫤  󰬉 󰬀 󰱚 󰭈   󰬌 , 󰰉 󰫽 󰱳󰫳  󰫦  . 󰫤 󰭈   󰰉 󰰈  󰫳    󰬎  󰱳 󰫼 󰭈󰫽  󰰍 .  󰫤󰭃 󰲒:  󰫤󰭃 󰫽 󰫼 󰭃󰫥     󰬬 󰱍 󰬉󰫳  󰫼 󰭈󰫽 .    󰬴  󰲑 󰰍󰫦   . 󰱳 󰭈󰫽: 󰲗󰫦 ‘󰬎󰫦  ’  ‘󰭅 ’ 󰫯 󰱨 󰱳  󰭈󰫽  󰬌 . 󰲂    󰲗󰫦 :   󰱿  󰫼  󰲑    󰭋󰲆     .   󰭈󰬉  ,  󰫦   󰫤󰭃. '󰭈 󰱇󰲒'󰫯 󰫳 󰭈   󰬎 󰫦   .  󰭑󰱇󰲒  󰫼      󰫳 󰲐 󰫤 󰲀  󰬌 .    󰱍-󰭃󰫥 󰫤󰭃 :   󰫳 󰲗󰫦  󰰍   . -󰫦,  󰰗   󰭃󰫥      . 󰫯       󰬉   󰫾󰰩󰰩 󰫼 󰰍󰫦  . 󰬍󰫦 ,   󰬁 󰫦󰱿󰬎 󰬆  󰬎  󰰍󰫦 󰲗󰫦  󰫽 󰱇󰲒 󰬆   .  󰲗󰫦 , 󰱚 󰫦  ,   󰫤󰭃 󰫦󰬎  󰫽󰫳 󰭈 󰭈 󰬎 .    󰲀   󰫦󰱿󰬎  󰬉 󰱮  .  ,  G-  󰫯 󰱿,       󰫦󰱿󰬎 󰫽  󰬎 󰫦.󰬀  󰲂  , , 󰲗󰫦     󰫦  󰭈 󰬋  .  󰬋 󰲗󰫦        󰫦 󰰉 .   󰬉    󰲗󰫦 󰱇󰲒 ,   󰫦  󰬁󰬇  󰬆   󰬎  󰰉 .  󰲄,  󰬍  󰫽󰫳 󰲗󰫦   ,   󰫽󰫳 󰫽 󰲆  󰫦 󰲐   󰫦 󰫼󰫳 󰫤 󰲐 . Journal of Research and Development Peer Reviewed International, Open Access Journal. ISSN : 2230-9578 | Website: https://jrdrvb.org Volume-17, Issue-10(I)| October2025 7 󰫦 - . 󰰣   󰫦󰱿󰬎󰰱   󰰗 󰰌 - Drishti IAS, https://www.drishtiias.com/hindi/dailyupdates/daily-news-analysis/debt-of-emerging-markets-developing-economies-rose .󰬁 󰫦󰱿󰬎 󰱿󰫯 - 󰲑 - Fincash, https://www.fincash.com/l/mr/basics/emergingmarket-economy .  󰫦󰱿󰬎   - 5paisa, https://www.5paisa.com/hindi/stock-market-guide/stock-sharemarket/emerging-markets .󰬁  󰫦󰱿󰬎  | 5Paisa, https://www.5paisa.com/marathi/stock-marketguide/stock-share-market/emerging-markets .Emerging Market Economies: Definition, Growth, and Key Players, https://www.investopedia.com/terms/e/emergingmarketeconomy.asp .      󰫦󰱿󰬎,  󰲐  , - 󰬉  | Maharashtra Times, https://marathi.indiatimes.com/business/business-news/india-becomes-third-largest-economy-in-theworld-in-terms-of-purchasing-power-parity/articleshow/102510379.cms .      󰫦󰱿󰬎, US    󰬉 󰬴,   | India became the third largest economy in the world in terms of purchasing power parity, surpassing the US, China as the first - Marathi News, https://www.lokmat.com/business/news/india-became-the-third-largest-economy-in-theworld-in-terms-of-purchasing-power-parity-surpassing-the-us-china-as-the-first-a-a653/ . 2024-25  󰲗󰫦 󰫦  󰬎  󰲇 󰫽 ... - PIB, https://www.pib.gov.in/PressReleasePage.aspx?PRID=2035417  . 󰬉 󰬶  󰲗󰫦 󰫦 2025 󰬀 󰫳  󰲇 󰫽󰱷  󰬎  󰫤  󰬴 6.4%  9.7% 󰫼 󰫤 - PIB, https://www.pib.gov.in/PressReleasePage.aspx?PRID=2098471 . India Economy Projections:  󰫦󰱿󰬎    ..., https://news18marathi.com/money/india-is-set-to-overtake-japan-as-the-world-4th-largest-economy-in-2025imf-projections-1384126.html . 󰫦    2030      󰫦󰱿󰬎: 󰰗󰭅 󰭃  , https://ddnews.gov.in/india-will-overtake-germany-to-become-the-third-largest-economy-by-2030-unionminister-hardeep-puri/ .Press Release:Press Information Bureau - PIB, https://www.pib.gov.in/PressReleasePage.aspx?PRID=1895162  . Indian Economy |  󰲒 󰫦󰱿󰬎   ,   󰬍! | BIZ Tak - YouTube, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SSzmwZmcAp8 . 󰫦󰲌 - Degloor College, https://www.degloorcollege.in/images/Documents/Study_Material/137.pdf .󰫳 󰭈  󰫤󰭃 󰫽 󰫤    ... - PIB, https://www.pib.gov.in/PressReleasePage.aspx?PRID=2035236 Journal of Research and Development Peer Reviewed International, Open Access Journal. ISSN : 2230-9578 | Website: https://jrdrvb.org Volume-17, Issue-10(I)| October2025 8 .  󰬉󰫦 (󰬋)  󰫤󰭃  󰲗󰫦 󰫦 2014  50.6% 󰰉  󰲗󰫦 󰫦 2025 󰬀 55.3%  : 󰲗󰫦 󰰘󰫤 2024-25 - Press Release:Press Information Bureau, https://www.pib.gov.in/PressReleasePage.aspx?PRID=2098213 .󰲗󰫦 󰰘󰫤 2024-25   󰬍󰱘 - PIB, https://www.pib.gov.in/PressReleasePage.aspx?PRID=2098061 . 󰫤󰭃 󰬉  󰰩  󰲗󰫦   4.18 󰱆 ... - PIB, https://www.pib.gov.in/PressReleasePage.aspx?PRID=2035315 . 󰲗󰫦 :  󰭈  󰫦  󰬋, https://www.orfonline.org/marathi/expert-speak/navigating-structural-dualism-and-inclusive-opportunities-inindia0 .   󰭊  󰬁  󰫦󰱿󰬎 󰭈  .A) .. - Filo, https://askfilo.com/user-questionanswers-smart-solutions/bhaart-v-braajhiil-yaa-donhii-deshaancii-arthvyvsthaa-3231363034303033 . Comparing the Economic Outlook for India and Brazil: How They Differ, https://www.investopedia.com/articles/markets/050416/economics-report-compare-and-contrast-india-vsbrazil-pbr.asp . Is India a better country than South Africa? - Quora, https://www.quora.com/Is-India-a-better-countrythan-South-Africa .  󰰗  󰲒 󰬎   - Soni Academy, https://soniacademy.com/www-soniacademycom-berozgari-samasya-samadhan/ . Unemployment in india is problem or opportunity? -  , https://www.evivek.com/Encyc/2021/3/19/Unemployment-in-india-is-problem-or-opportunity-.html .  (Poverty): india & bihar | upsc | 70th bpsc mains | economy #bpscmainseconomy, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=etVz21gVcMY . National Infrastructure PipelineBuilding India - Make In India, https://www.makeinindia.com/national-infrastructure-pipeline-building-india . '󰬎'󰬀  󰬋! - Marathi News | Mumbai Tarun Bharat, https://www.mahamtb.com/Encyc/2023/4/24/India-tops-in-logistics-.html .Reserve Bank of India - RBI, https://rbi.org.in/commonman/marathi/Scripts/speeches.aspx?Id=2956 . G20 󰬀󰫤  󰲗󰫦 , https://www.orfonline.org/marathi/research/indias-g20-presidencyand-the-macroeconomic-dilemma-marathi .-20   󰬀󰫤 - Press Release:Press Information ..., https://www.pib.gov.in/PressReleasePage.aspx?PRID=1882367 . -  󰲐    󰲑 - Tarun Bharat Nagpur, https://www.tarunbharat.net/Encyc/2023/9/8/g20-summit-2023.html . 󰰍󰫤  󰱿 󰰗, https://www.orfonline.org/marathi/research/an-ambitious-tradeagenda-for-a-global-india-marathi .  󰱿   󰬎  - ) .. - Filo, https://askfilo.com/user- Journal of Research and Development Peer Reviewed International, Open Access Journal. ISSN : 2230-9578 | Website: https://jrdrvb.org Volume-17, Issue-10(I)| October2025 9 question-answers-smart-solutions/3-bhaartaane-jaagtik-vyaapaar-snghttnece-sbhaasdaace3230363734363134 .󰲇  󰱳 󰲑 - PIB, https://www.pib.gov.in/PressReleasePage.aspx?PRID=1750435 .  MCQ [Free Marathi PDF] - Objective Question Answer for Infrastructure Quiz - Testbook, https://testbook.com/objective-questions/mr/mcq-on-infrastructure-- 5eea6a1239140f30f369ec64  . 󰫦 󰫤󰭃󰫳 󰲐  󰫤󰭃  󰭈  󰭈 󰰗󰭅     - PIB, https://www.pib.gov.in/PressReleasePage.aspx?PRID=1846709 . 󰫦 2030   󰲒    󰫦󰱿󰬎    - Drishti IAS, https://www.drishtiias.com/hindi/daily-news-analysis/india-to-become-asia-2nd-largest-economy-by-2030