राजीव गांधी किसान न्याय योजना से गोठानों के निर्माण से ग्रामीण रोजगार में वृद्धि - एक विश्लेषणात्मक अध्ययन

Sahitya Samhita (lkfgR; lafgrk) (Peer Reviewed Hindi Journal) ISSN 2454-2695 Vol 11 Issue 10 October 2025 Received on 2 Oct 2024 Revised on 16 Oct 2024 Published on 27 Oct 2024 DOI https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.17475909 6 jktho xka/kh fdlku U;k; ;kstuk ls xksBkuksa ds fuekZ.k ls xzkeh.k jkstxkj esa o`f) & ,d fo'ys"k.kkRed v/;;u MkWjkds'k dqekj xqIrk 'kks/k funsZ'kd lkekftd foKku ¼vFkZ'kkL=½ MkWlhOghjeu fo'ofo|ky; djxh jksM] dksVk] fcykliqj ¼NÙkhlx<+½ Jherh o"kkZ nqcs 'kks/kkFkhZ lkekftd foKku ¼vFkZ'kkL=½ MkWlhOghjeu fo'ofo|ky; djxh jksM] dksVk] fcykliqj ¼NÙkhlx<+½ lkjka'k & NÙkhlx<+ ljdkj }kjk 'kq: dh xbZ xksBku ;kstuk jkT; dh xzkeh.k vFkZO;oLFkk dks vkRefuHkZj cukus dh fn'kk esa ,d Økafrdkjh igy gSA xksBkuksa ds ek/;e ls xzkeh.k {ks=ksa esa i'kqikyu] oehZ dEiksLV] xkSew= vk/kkfjr mRikn] gLrf'kYi] ckxokuh ,oa vU; —f"k vk/kkfjr xfrfof/k;ksa dks c<+kok fn;k x;k gSA bl ;kstuk dk eq[; mís'; xzkeh.k jkstxkj l`tu] efgyk l'kfädj.k] ;qokvksa dks dk;Z ds volj çnku djuk rFkk LFkkuh; Lrj ij iyk;u dks jksduk gSA bl 'kks/k&i= dk çeq[k mís'; xksBkuksa ds fuekZ.k ls mRiUu jkstxkj voljksa dk v/;;u djuk gSA vuqla/kku ls çkIr rF;ksa ds vuqlkj] xksBkuksa us xzkeh.kksa dks u dsoy LFkk;h vkthfodk nh gS] cfYd muds ifjokj dh vk; esa Hkh o`f) dh gSA xksBkuksa ls tqM+h xfrfof/k;ksa tSls oehZ dEiksLV mRiknu] i'kqikyu] —f"k lgk;d dk;ksaZ ,oa xks&vk/kkfjr mRikn fuekZ.k us xzkeh.kksa ds fy, u;s jkstxkj ds }kj [kksys gSaA fo'ks"k :i ls efgykvksa vkSj ;qokvksa dks Lokoyach cuus ds volj çkIr gq, gSaA bl v/;;u ls ;g fu"d"kZ fudyrk gS fd xksBku ;kstuk us u dsoy xzkeh.k jkstxkj esa o`f) dh gS] cfYd xzke vFkZO;oLFkk dks Hkh l'kä cuk;k gSA ;g 'kks/k Hkfo"; esa xzkeh.k fodkl dh uhfr;ksa ds fy, ,d egRoiw.kZ fn'kk çnku dj ldrk gSA eq[; 'kCn & xksBku ;kstuk] xzkeh.k jkstxkj] efgyk l'kfädj.k] i'kqikyu xfrfof/k;k¡] xzke vFkZO;oLFkk ifjp; & Hkkjr dh vFkZO;oLFkk esa xzkeh.k {ks= dh Hkwfedk vR;ar egRoiw.kZ jgh gSA xzkeh.k fodkl dk vk/kkj —f"k] i'kqikyu vkSj Je vk/kkfjr m|ksxksa ij fuHkZj djrk gSA NÙkhlx<+ jkT; esa xzkeh.kksa dh Sahitya Samhita (lkfgR; lafgrk) (Peer Reviewed Hindi Journal) ISSN 2454-2695 Vol 11 Issue 10 October 2025 Received on 2 Oct 2024 Revised on 16 Oct 2024 Published on 27 Oct 2024 DOI https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.17475909 7 vk; ,oa thou Lrj esa lq/kkj ykus ds fy, vusd ;kstuk,¡ pykbZ xbZ gSa] ftuesa xksBku ;kstuk fo'ks"k :i ls mYys[kuh; gSA bl ;kstuk dk mís'; ^ujok] xjok] ?kqjok] ckjh* dh vo/kkj.kk ds ek/;e ls xzkeh.k vFkZO;oLFkk dks vkRefuHkZj cukuk gSA xksBku u dsoy i'kqvksa ds j[k&j[kko dk dsaæ gSa] cfYd ;g xzkeh.kksa dks LFkkuh; jkstxkj miyC/k djkus dk ek/;e Hkh cu x, gSaA bu dsaæksa ij i'kqikyu] oehZ dEiksLV] ck;ks&xSl mRiknu] tSfod [ksrh] pkjkxkg fodkl rFkk vU; mRiknd dk;Z fd, tkrs gSaA blls xzkeh.kksa dks vfrfjä vk; ds volj feyrs gSa vkSj efgykvksa rFkk ;qokvksa dks Lojkstxkj dh fn'kk esa çsj.kk feyrh gSA bl v/;;u dk mís'; ;g fo'ys"k.k djuk gS fd xksBkuksa us fdl çdkj xzkeh.k {ks=ksa esa jkstxkj ds u, volj mRiUu fd, gSa] ikfjokfjd vk; esa o`f) dh gS] vkSj LFkkuh; Lrj ij iyk;u dh leL;k dks de fd;k gSA eq[; fo"k; & xksBku ;kstuk dk eq[; mís'; xzkeh.k {ks= esa lrr~ vkthfodk lqfuf'pr djuk gSA NÙkhlx<+ esa yxHkx gj xzke iapk;r esa xksBku LFkkfir fd, x, gSa] tgk¡ i'kqvksa ds laj{k.k ds lkFk&lkFk fofHkUu mRiknd xfrfof/k;k¡ lapkfyr dh tk jgh gSaA bu xfrfof/k;ksa ls xzkeh.k tula[;k dks u dsoy jkstxkj feyk] cfYd mudh lkekftd&vkfFkZd fLFkfr esa lq/kkj Hkh gqvk gSA xksBkuksa us i'kqikyu ds lkFk&lkFk oehZ dEiksLV] tSfod [kkn] Qwy&iÙkh çlaLdj.k] vkSj gLrfufeZr oLrqvksa ds mRiknu dks c<+kok fn;k gSA blls u dsoy iq#"k cfYd efgyk,¡ vkSj ;qok Hkh bu dk;ksaZ esa lfØ; :i ls tqM+ jgs gSaA xksBkuksa ls mRiUu jkstxkj Lo:i fu;fer vkSj LFkk;h ç—fr dk gS] ftlls xzkeh.k vFkZO;oLFkk dks LFkkf;Ro feyk gSA 'kks/k dk;Z ,oa vuqla/kku i)fr & 'kks/k dk mís';  xksBkuksa ds fuekZ.k ls xzkeh.k jkstxkj esa gq, ifjorZuksa dk v/;;u djukA  xzkeh.k ifjokjksa dh vk; esa gqbZ o`f) dk fo'ys"k.k djukA  xksBku vk/kkfjr xfrfof/k;ksa esa efgyk vkSj ;qokvksa dh Hkkxhnkjh dk ewY;kadu djukA  LFkkuh; iyk;u esa deh ds dkj.kksa dk ijh{k.k djukA 'kks/k dk {ks= & ;g v/;;u NÙkhlx<+ jkT; ds p;fur ftyksa ds xzkeh.k {ks=ksa esa fd;k x;k] tgk¡ xksBkuksa dh LFkkiuk dh xbZ gSA p;fur xk¡oksa esa jk;iqj] fcykliqj] dksjck vkSj egkleqan ftys ds xksBkuksa dks uewus ds :i esa fy;k x;kA 'kks/k dh ç—fr & ;g 'kks/k o.kZukRed ¼Descriptive½ rFkk fo'ys"k.kkRed ¼Analytical½ nksuksa ç—fr dk gSA blesa çkFkfed ,oa f}rh;d nksuksa çdkj ds MsVk dk ç;ksx fd;k x;k gSA Sahitya Samhita (lkfgR; lafgrk) (Peer Reviewed Hindi Journal) ISSN 2454-2695 Vol 11 Issue 10 October 2025 Received on 2 Oct 2024 Revised on 16 Oct 2024 Published on 27 Oct 2024 DOI https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.17475909 8 MsVk laxzg dh fof/k;k¡ & çkFkfed MsVk & xzkeh.k ifjokjksa] efgyk Lo&lgk;rk lewgksa ¼SHGs½] xksBku çca/k lfefr;ksa vkSj LFkkuh; iapk;r vf/kdkfj;ksa ls lk{kkRdkj ,oa ç'ukoyh ds ek/;e ls tkudkjh çkIr dh xbZA f}rh;d MsVk & fofHkUu ljdkjh fjiksVZ~l] iapk;rh jkt foHkkx ds nLrkost] vkfFkZd losZ{k.k] vkSj ;kstukvksa ls lacaf/kr çdk'kuksa ls çkIr fd;k x;kA uewuk p;u & dqy 120 mÙkjnkrkvksa dk p;u fd;k x;k] ftlesa 60 iq#"k] 40 efgyk,¡ vkSj 20 ;qok 'kkfey FksA buls çkIr çfrfØ;kvksa ds vk/kkj ij fu"d"kZ fudkys x,A MsVk fo'ys"k.k dh fof/k & çkIr vk¡dM+ksa dk fo'ys"k.k lkaf[;dh; rduhdksa tSls çfr'kr] vkSlr] vuqikr] vkSj rqyukRed fo'ys"k.k ds ek/;e ls fd;k x;kA 'kks/k dh ifjdYiuk &  xksBkuksa us xzkeh.k jkstxkj ds voljksa esa o`f) dh gSA  xksBkuksa ds dkj.k ikfjokfjd vk; esa o`f) gqbZ gSA  xksBkuksa us efgyk ,oa ;qok l'kfädj.k esa ;ksxnku fn;k gSA  xksBku vk/kkfjr jkstxkj us iyk;u nj dks de fd;k gSA lhek,¡ &  v/;;u dk {ks= lhfer ftyksa rd gh lhfer FkkA  le; vkSj lalk/kuksa dh deh ds dkj.k foLr`r rqyukRed v/;;u laHko ugha FkkA i;Zos{k.k & losZ{k.k vkSj lk{kkRdkj ds vk/kkj ij çkIr çeq[k voyksdu fuEufyf[kr gSa &  jkstxkj voljksa esa o`f) & 85% mÙkjnkrkvksa us crk;k fd xksBkuksa ls xk¡o esa u, jkstxkj ds volj mRiUu gq, gSaA fo'ks"kdj oehZ dEiksLV] i'kqikyu] vkSj [kkn fuekZ.k esa LFkkuh; Jfedksa dks fu;fer dk;Z feyk gSA  efgykvksa dh Hkkxhnkjh & efgyk Lo&lgk;rk lewgksa us xksBkuksa esa lfØ; Hkwfedk fuHkkbZ gSA 65% efgyk,¡ oehZ dEiksLV fuekZ.k] nqX/k mRikn] vkSj gLrf'kYi ls tqM+h gSaA  ;qokvksa dk ;ksxnku & 45% xzkeh.k ;qokvksa us crk;k fd xksBku esa mUgsa Lojkstxkj feyk gSA dqN ;qokvksa us oehZ [kkn foØ;] pkjk mRiknu] vkSj ck;ks¶;wy fuekZ.k esa jkstxkj ik;k gSA Sahitya Samhita (lkfgR; lafgrk) (Peer Reviewed Hindi Journal) ISSN 2454-2695 Vol 11 Issue 10 October 2025 Received on 2 Oct 2024 Revised on 16 Oct 2024 Published on 27 Oct 2024 DOI https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.17475909 9  vk; esa o`f) & 70% ifjokjksa dh ekfld vk; esa vkSlru ₹2]000&₹5]000 dh o`f) gqbZ gSA blls muds thou Lrj esa lq/kkj vk;k gSA  LFkk;h jkstxkj & xksBkuksa ls çkIr dk;Z ekSleh u gksdj LFkk;h ç—fr dk gSA o"kZHkj mRiknu vkSj j[kj[kko ds dk;Z pyrs jgrs gSaA  iyk;u nj esa deh & xksBkuksa ds fuekZ.k ls xzkeh.k etnwjksa dk 'kgjksa dh vksj iyk;u ?kVk gSA 60% mÙkjnkrkvksa us crk;k fd vc os xk¡o esa gh dk;Zjr gSaA  lkekftd çHkko & xksBkuksa us u dsoy vkfFkZd cfYd lkekftd Lrj ij Hkh lkeatL; vkSj lkewfgd dk;Z laL—fr dks c<+kok fn;k gSA fo'ys"k.k & v/;;u ds vk/kkj ij Li"V gksrk gS fd xksBku ;kstuk us xzkeh.k {ks=ksa dh vFkZO;oLFkk dks iquthZfor fd;k gSA vkfFkZd –f"V ls & xksBkuksa us jkstxkj l`tu ds ek/;e ls ifjokjksa dh fu;fer vk; lqfuf'pr dhA i'kqikyu vkSj oehZ dEiksLV tSlh xfrfof/k;k¡ xzkeh.k vFkZO;oLFkk dh jh<+ cu xbZaA lkekftd –f"V ls & efgykvksa dh vkfFkZd Hkkxhnkjh us muds vkRefo'okl vkSj fu.kZ; ysus dh {kerk dks c<+k;kA ;qokvksa us LFkkuh; Lrj ij Lojkstxkj viukdj iyk;u dks jksdkA i;kZoj.kh; –f"V ls & tSfod [kkn vkSj çk—frd lalk/kuksa ds mi;ksx ls fVdkÅ fodkl ¼Sustainable Development½ dks çksRlkgu feykA jktuhfrd –f"V ls & xzke iapk;rksa dh Hkwfedk l'kä gqbZ gS] ftlls LFkkuh; 'kklu dks etcwrh feyh gSA laiw.kZ fo'ys"k.k & ;g bafxr djrk gS fd xksBku ;kstuk xzkeh.k jkstxkj o`f) dh fn'kk esa ,d çHkkoh e‚My cu pqdh gSA fu"d"kZ & v/;;u ls ;g fu"d"kZ fudyrk gS fd xksBku ;kstuk us xzkeh.k thou esa ldkjkRed ifjorZu yk;k gSA bl ;kstuk us u dsoy jkstxkj ds volj c<+k, gSa cfYd ikfjokfjd vk;] lkekftd ,drk] efgyk l'kfädj.k vkSj LFkkuh; vkRefuHkZjrk dks Hkh çksRlkgu fn;k gSA xksBku xzkeh.k vFkZO;oLFkk ds fy, LFkk;h e‚My fl) gks jgs gSa] ftuls xzkeh.k {ks= esa xjhch mUewyu vkSj vkfFkZd fLFkjrk dh fn'kk esa Bksl dne mBk, x, gSaA lq>ko &  xksBkuksa esa mRiknu vk/kkfjr çf'k{k.k dk;ZØeksa dks c<+k;k tk,A  ;qokvksa ds fy, rduhdh dkS'ky fodkl dsaæ LFkkfir fd, tk,¡A Sahitya Samhita (lkfgR; lafgrk) (Peer Reviewed Hindi Journal) ISSN 2454-2695 Vol 11 Issue 10 October 2025 Received on 2 Oct 2024 Revised on 16 Oct 2024 Published on 27 Oct 2024 DOI https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.17475909 10  efgykvksa ds fy, lw{e foÙk ¼Microfinance½ lqfo/kk,¡ miyC/k djkbZ tk,¡A  xksBku mRiknksa ds foi.ku gsrq jkT; Lrj ij lgdkjh eap cuk, tk,¡A  ljdkj }kjk xksBkuksa ds fy, fu;fer fuxjkuh ,oa ewY;kadu ç.kkyh fodflr dh tk,A  uokpkj vk/kkfjr xfrfof/k;ksa ¼tSls ck;ks¶;wy] tSo mRikn½ dks çksRlkfgr fd;k tk,A lanHkZ &  NÙkhlx<+ 'kklu] ¼2022½] xksBku ;kstuk & xzkeh.k vFkZO;oLFkk dh jh<+] jk;iqj & iapk;rh jkt foHkkxA  vkfFkZd losZ{k.k] NÙkhlx<+] ¼2023½] jkT; dh xzkeh.k fodkl uhfr;k¡] jk;iqj & ;kstuk ,oa vkfFkZd foHkkxA  feJk] vkjds¼2021½] xzkeh.k jkstxkj vkSj vkRefuHkZjrk dk v/;;u] fnYyh & vFkZ'kkL= çdk'kuA  flag] ,e- ,oa oekZ] ih-] ¼2020½] xksBku vkSj xzkeh.k fodkl] fcykliqj & xzke çdk'kuA  Government of Chhattisgarh, (2024), Narva] Garva] Ghurva, Bari Programme Report, Raipur: Rural Development Department.