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Rotational and magnetic splitting in the beta-Cep pulsator HD 192575

Vanlaer, Vincent; Vandersnickt, Jelle

Abstract

The theory of angular momentum transport leads to inconsistencies with internal rotation frequencies measured through asteroseismology for a significant number of stars. Various mechanisms such as internal gravity waves or magnetic fields have been proposed to solve this discrepancy. However, these proposals need to be validated with observations. Of particular importance are stars with observed constraints on internal structure, internal rotation profile and internal magnetic field properties. Asteroseismology can provide these constraints through the analysis of the asymmetries of rotationally split multiplets. In this context HD 192575 is a unique massivecalibration star. It has one of the richest frequency spectra of all known supernova progenitors. Both gravity-mode and pressure-mode rotationally split multiplets have been detected, with one of the gravity-mode multiplets potentially being split by magnetism as well. We perform a rotation inversion and verify whether the contribution of rotation to the asymmetries matches with the observations. Our rotation inversions deliver the theoretical asymmetries are roughly consistent with the observed asymmetries. Further, we show that the richest gravity-mode multiplet is consistent with being magnetically split. We derive constraints on the magnetic field properties. The remaining differences between the modelled asymmetries and the observations provide valuable insights and constraints for further modelling efforts of thisevolved massive star.

Full text

Vincent Vanlaer PhD student KU Leuven Jelle Vandersnickt MSc student KU Leuven FIRST DETECTION OF AN INTERNAL MAGNETIC FIELD IN A MASSIVE STAR Contact: [email protected] Misaligned rotation and magnetic field axis leads to multiplets with up to frequencies with specific splittings and amplitude ratios. This allows us to derive various properties of a star: This work is supported by the Research Foundation Flanders (FWO) under grant agreements 1156925N (PhD fellowship) and K233724N (travel grant) Magnetic field strength Rotation frequency Inclination Obliquity A doubly split multiplet has been detected in the β Cep star HD 192575 We modelled the magnetic field of HD 192575 with this multiplet Next steps - Include deformation with StORM (see poster 133) - Combined modelling of all stellar properties Magnetic field strengthRotation frequency Inclination Obliquity + Schematic representation of a ℓ = 2 multiplet split by rotation and magnetism, when rotation is dominant. We mark two dierent splittings: large (Δf, caused by rotation) and small (δf, caused by the magnetic field). Each color indicates a group of frequencies whose amplitudes are fixed relative to each other. These relative amplitudes are an important constraining factor. Between groups there is no constraint on the amplitude, and groups may be absent in their entirety. Frequency 3.753.50 4.00 4.25 Model fit Observations Probability Properties of HD 192575 β Cep pulsator ~12M , near the end of the main-sequence Various rotationally split multiplets in the Fourier spectrum Low order p and g modes Modelled by Burssens et al. (2023) and Vanlaer et al. (2025) Weak dierentially rotating, at ~0.18 d-1 The ℓ = 2 g-mode multiplet of HD 192575 shows doubled peaks. This is an indication of the presence of an internal magnetic field We assume a stable dipole-like field in the radiative envelope of the star. Our treatment is first-order in the eect of rotation and magnetism (Loi 2021). We reproduce the observed multiplet splittings as two groups of five frequencies. One frequency is not observed, but is close to the noise floor. Mode identification is the dominant source of uncertainty (each possible mode identification is a dierent color in the plots above, for more details see Vanlaer et al., 2025). Combined forward modelling for age, mass, and overshooting with the rotation and magnetic field properties may help reduce these uncertainties. The doubly split g-mode multiplet