Survey Dataset on Adoption Patterns of Climate-Neutral Farming Practices and Their Drivers and Barriers Across Europe

Dear farmers, We are interested in better understanding the drivers and barriers that influence your decision-making with regard to the choice of agricultural practices that are potentially more climate-friendly. We are interested by your opinion regardless of whether you already adopted the practices or not. Your experiences, opinions, preferences and knowledge of your farming systems are central to understanding this. All opinions are welcome, including scepticism regarding the topic and practices. Completing the questionnaire takes about 15-20 minutes. If you are interested, we will send you an overall summary of the survey results in due course. Your data and information will of course be kept strictly confidential and will be used anonymously for scientific purposes only. Please note that your participation is entirely voluntary and you may withdraw your participation at any time. We thank you very much for your participation! Sylvain Quiédeville and Charles Rees Workpackage task lead – ClieNFarms Project Email: [email protected] Section A: Geographical Information This section covers the geographic location of your farm in terms of which country and region you are located in. A1. Please select the country where your farm is located. Belgium France Germany Ireland Spain Switzerland A2. In which Province of Belgium is your farm located? West-Vlaanderen (Flandre-Occidentale) Oost-Vlaanderen (Flandre-Orientale) Provincie Antwerpen (Province d'Anvers) Limburg (Limbourg) Vlaams-Brabant (Brabant flamand) Brussel / Bruxelles Brabant wallon (Waals-Brabant) Hainaut (Henegouwen) Luxembourg (Luxemburg) Namur (Namen) Liège (Luik) A3. In which Region of France is your farm located? Bretagne Normandie Pays de la Loire Nouvelle-Aquitaine Centre-Val de Loire Île-de-France Hauts-de-France Occitanie Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes Bourgogne-Franche-Comté Grand-Est Provence-Alpes-Côte d’Azur A4. In which Federal State of Germany is your farm located? Berlin Bayern Niedersachsen Baden-Württemberg Rheinland-Pfalz Sachsen Thüringen Hessen Nordrhein-Westfalen Sachsen-Anhalt Brandenburg Mecklenburg-Vorpommern Hamburg Schleswig-Holstein Saarland Bremen A5. In which County of Ireland is your farm located? Carlow Cavan Clare Cork Donegal Dublin Galway Kerry Kildare Kilkenny Laois Leitrim Limerick Longford Louth Mayo Meath Monaghan Offaly Roscommon Sligo Tipperary WaterfordWestmeathWexfordWicklow A6. In which Autonomous Region of Spain is your farm located? Andalucía Aragón Asturias Canarias Cantabria Castilla-La Mancha Castilla y León Cataluña/Catalunya Comunidad de Madrid Comunidad Valenciana Extremadura Galicia Islas Baleares La Rioja País Vasco Murcia Navarra A7. In which Canton of Switzerland is your farm located? Aargau Appenzell Ausserrhoden Appenzell Innerrhoden Basel Land Basel Stadt Bern / Berne Freiburg / Fribourg Genève Glarus Graubünden Jura Luzern Neuchâtel Nidwalden Obwalden Sankt Gallen Schaffhausen Schwyz Solothurn Thurgau Ticino Uri Valais / WallisVaudZugZürich A8. What is the postcode of your farm? Please write in just the poscode, not the full address. A9. What is your cantonal farm id number? The farm number looks like, for example, BL****** for farms in Canton Baselland or BEB****** for farms in Canton Bern. Section B: Farm System Information This section covers the enterprises that you have on your farm and is used to tailor the types of questions asked to your production system(s). B1. Please select all the enterprises that you have on your farm that appear in the following options. Arable Crop Production (combinable crops, tubers, roots, silage maize) Grassland Based Forage Production (pasture, meadow, grass silage, haylage or hay) Dairy Cattle (breeding and/or milking) Beef Cattle (breeding and/or fattening) Other Other Section E: Cattle enterprise practice adoption We would like to know more about your knowledge of practices concerning cattle production, as well as their application on your own herd. E1. How do you rate your level of knowledge for the following practices? Nil Low Medium High Extensive Improving genetic selection for improved performance Feeding dietary supplements to reduce methanogenisis Reducing crude protein content of the diet Improving manure storage systems to reduce emissions (e.g. covered lagoons for slurry or composting manures) Increasing animal longevity in herd E2. Do you know any farmers who use the following practices? No Yes Improving genetic selection for improved performance Feeding dietary supplements to reduce methanogenisis Reducing crude protein content of the diet Improving manure storage systems to reduce emissions (e.g. covered lagoons for slurry or composting manures) Increasing animal longevity in herd E3. Do you currently use the following practices in your cattle enterprise(s)? No Yes Improving genetic selection for improved performance Feeding dietary supplements to reduce methanogenisis Reducing crude protein content of the diet Improving manure storage systems to reduce emissions (e.g. covered lagoons for slurry or composting manures) Increasing animal longevity in herd E4. How likely is it that you will use this practice on your farm in 5 years from now? No chance Not likely Maybe Quite likely Certainly Improving genetic selection for improved performance Feeding dietary supplements to reduce methanogenisis Reducing crude protein content of the diet Improving manure storage systems to reduce emissions (e.g. covered lagoons for slurry or composting manures) Increasing animal longevity in herd E5. Do you have any further comments about the reasons why you intend to start, continue or stop using any of the cattle management practices mentioned above? Please feel free to write your thoughts below. Section F: Technological practice adoption We would like to know more about your knowledge of technological practices, as well as their application on your own farm. F1. How do you rate your level of knowledge for the following practices? Nil Low Medium High Extensive Producing renewable energy on the farm (e.g. solar, wind, biogas etc.) Using variable rate or precision application technology for applying inputs (e.g. for improving efficiency of fertiliser or crop protection) Using emission reducing applicators (e.g. dribble-bar, trailing shoe, injection for slurry application) Improving energy efficiency of farm buildings (e.g. improved insulation) Improving fuel-use efficiency of farm machinery (e.g. more efficient engines, using the appropriate tractor size for the task or using wider working widths) F2. Do you know any farmers who use the following practices? No Yes Producing renewable energy on the farm (e.g. solar, wind, biogas etc.) Using variable rate or precision application technology for applying inputs (e.g. for improving efficiency of fertiliser or crop protection) Using emission reducing applicators (e.g. dribble-bar, trailing shoe, injection for slurry application) Improving energy efficiency of farm buildings (e.g. improved insulation) Improving fuel-use efficiency of farm machinery (e.g. more efficient engines, using the appropriate tractor size for the task or using wider working widths) F3. Do you currently use the following practices on your farm? No Yes Producing renewable energy on the farm (e.g. solar, wind, biogas etc.) Using variable rate or precision application technology for applying inputs (e.g. for improving efficiency of fertiliser or crop protection) Using emission reducing applicators (e.g. dribble-bar, trailing shoe, injection for slurry application) Improving energy efficiency of farm buildings (e.g. improved insulation) Improving fuel-use efficiency of farm machinery (e.g. more efficient engines, using the appropriate tractor size for the task or using wider working widths) F4. How likely is it that you will use this practice on your farm in 5 years from now? No chance Not likely Maybe Quite likely Certainly Producing renewable energy on the farm (e.g. solar, wind, biogas etc.) Using variable rate or precision application technology for applying inputs (e.g. for improving efficiency of fertiliser or crop protection) Using emission reducing applicators (e.g. dribble-bar, trailing shoe, injection for slurry application) Improving energy efficiency of farm buildings (e.g. improved insulation) Improving fuel-use efficiency of farm machinery (e.g. more efficient engines, using the appropriate tractor size for the task or using wider working widths) F5. Do you have any further comments about the reasons why you intend to start, continue or stop using any of the practices mentioned above? Please feel free to write your thoughts below. Section G: Farmer Characteristics This section covers some background questions about the farm manager. G1. What was your year of birth? (Format: YYYY) G2. What is your gender? Female Male G3. Are you responsible for making most decisions on the farm? Yes No, but I am involved No, not at all G4. Since which year have you been responsible for managing the farm? (Format: YYYY) G5. Please select the highest level of education that you have achieved. Primary School Certificate Secondary School Certificate Technical College Certificate (e.g. Agricultural College) University Degree (Bachelor’s Degree) Higher University Degree (Masters or PhD) G6. In the last year, how many units of the following types of labour, including you, are employed on your farm in terms of full-time equivalents (FTE)? If someone works 20%, the full time equivalent would be 0.2, If someone works 80%, the fulltime equivalent would be 0.8. Family Members (Unpaid) Family Members (Paid) Other Permanent Employees Seasonal Workers Trainees or apprentices Section H: Training & Advice The following questions relate to the topics of training, advice and behaviour in relation to the entire agricultural area of your farm. H1. On how many occasions in the last year have you sought or received agriculturally related advice from any of these sources? Never 1 or 2 times 3 times 4 or 5 times More than 5 times Other farmers Agriculturally related social media channels Publications or webpages from the farming press Agronomist, nutritionist or agricultural adviser Farm trader, agricultural processor or agricultural retailer H2. How often have you participated in any of these training sessions in the last year? Never 1 or 2 times 3 times 4 or 5 times More than 5 times Equipment Demonstration(s) e.g. at an agricultural show or at a neighbor's, friends' or your own farm Farmer Discussion or Training Group(s) e.g. a farmer working/discussion group Farm Walks or On-Farm Demonstration(s) e.g. visit to a demonstration farm Practical course(s) related to agriculture e.g. provided by your agricultural college Section I: Preferences and Attitudes The following questions relate to the topics of your preferences and attitudes in relation to agricultural production your farm. I1. In general, how much do the following statements apply to you? Does Not Apply Mostly Does Not Apply Somewhat Applies Mostly Applies Strongly Applies I am very willing to take risks when it comes to agricultural production on my farm I am very willing to give up income that is beneficial for the farm today to invest in climate adaptation in order to benefit more from that in the future I usually set myself very ambitious production targets If I encounter production problems on my farm, I am confident that I am always able to find a solution My successes in agricultural production are solely due to my skill as a farmer It is very important to me how I am perceived by my fellow farmers I2. How much do you agree with the following statements? Strongly disagree Disagree Neither agr ee/disagree Agree Strongly agree I think that changes in weather patterns will have negative consequences for agriculture in my local area. I have noticed large changes in weather patterns on my farm over the last 10 years. I think farmers can play a large role in mitigating environmental problems. Farming in a environmentally friendly way is of high importance to me. Climate change mitigation and adaption to changes in weather patterns is important for my farm to remain viable. Section J: Decision-making and Barriers The following questions relate to the barriers that you face when it comes to adopting new practices on your farm. J1. In general, to what extent can these factors be a barrier for adopting a new way of production on your farm? Not a barrier means that it does not affect your descisions. Complete barrier means that it completely prevents you from using the practice(s). Not a Barrier Small Barrier Moderate Barrier Large Barrier Complete Barrier Uncertainty whether there will be sufficient return on investment Uncertainty of how to get financial/subsidy support, or whether the funds required will be available Uncertainty in the time and effort needed to integrate them into your system Uncertainty of how to get the necessary practical advice or support Uncertainty of the direction of government policy on these practices Uncertainty about the opinion of other farmers or peers Uncertainty over environmental effectiveness of the practices The unknown risks to yield or production costs The specific geographic or climactic conditions of the farm