Our evaluations count! Conveying obligation in English. SDGE of the Egramint project

Egramint - PID2019-105298RB-I00 1 OUR EVALUATIONS COUNT! CONVEYING OBLIGATION IN ENGLISH PRIMERA LENGUA EXTRANJERA: INGLÉS 6º EP PRESENTACIÓN Cada vez es mayor la frecuencia con la que las personas emprendemos viajes cortos o largos a diferentes lugares del mundo. Nuestros padres o familiares hablan con personas que ya han estado en estos lugares o leen reseñas en internet para informarse sobre dichos lugares, y saber si deben visitarlos o no. Estas reseñas muestran las evaluaciones de otros adultos que ya han estado en ese lugar, pero ¿qué pasa con las evaluaciones de los niños y niñas que ya han estado allí? En esta secuencia didáctica vamos a aprender a evaluar lugares del mundo en donde hayamos estado, ofreciendo directrices, recomendaciones fuertes, y consejos a amigos o amigas, y a otros niños o niñas para que los visiten o no. Para ello, como objetivo final, escribiremos una breve reseña sobre un lugar en el que hayamos estado, animando a nuestros lectores a ir o no a través de los distintos usos de la obligación que se observan en las formas de have to, must, y should en inglés, a partir de una pequeña guía ofrecida por el profesor o la profesora. La reseña sobre un lugar turístico es un género discursivo muy común, especialmente en internet, que suele presentar las siguientes características:  Es un breve texto que incluye información escrita sobre un lugar e imágenes  Puede contener un eslogan  Contiene información sobre el escritor (nombre real o ficticio, imagen generalmente ficticia con la que se identifica)  Contiene usos de la obligación en forma de directrices, recomendaciones fuertes, y consejos para el lector  Muchas veces contiene una evaluación numérica del lugar Let's start! Egramint - PID2019-105298RB-I00 2 DESARROLLO DE LA SECUENCIA DIDÁCTICA PHASE 1 Session 1, 2 & 3 We have a problem: Las reseñas de internet sobre sitios, hoteles y restaurantes están normalmente escritas por adultos, ¿qué pasa con nosotros (niños y niñas)? ¡Muchas veces no pensamos igual que los adultos! OUR EVALUATIONS COUNT! What we will do: Observaremos y analizaremos distintas reseñas sobre lugares del mundo, prestando atención a cómo el hablante los evalúa, y ofrece directrices, recomendaciones fuertes, y consejos al lector o espectador. Esto nos ayudará a escribir una reseña sobre un lugar para otros niños y niñas que lo vayan a visitar. What we will learn: Que una reseña puede estar escrita en tiempo pasado y presente; contiene palabras que describen el lugar y expresan la evaluación del hablante; contiene verbos modales que expresan obligación y sirven para dar directrices, recomendaciones fuertes o consejos al lector. Activity 1 (in pairs) A. Watch the following YouTube video of Abi and Lauren evaluating the National History Museum in London. You can watch it more than once, following the subtitles. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=u LvFrkFkKlo A: Hi I’m Abi L: I’m Lauren. We went to the Natural History Museum yesterday A: My best bit was the earthquake L: We went up the escalators into the World. It was amazing! A: We went into the red zone. It was about the human evolution L: I give it an 8 out of 10 A: I give it a 9 out of 10 L: Here’s a tip, you should go at the last hour of the day when it’s not so busy and the crowds are less busy. Egramint - PID2019-105298RB-I00 3 A: Hola, yo soy Abi. L: Yo Lauren. Ayer fuimos al Museo Nacional de Historia. A: La mejor parte fue el terremoto. L: Subimos por las esclareas mecánicas hacia el interior del Mundo. ¡Fue increíble! A: Fuimos a la zona roja. Era sobre la evolución humana. L: Yo le doy un 8 de 10. A: Yo le doy un 9 de 10. L: Un consejo, deberías/deberíais ir a última hora del día cuando no hay tanta gente y la multitud es menos… grande. A: Hola, jo soc Abi. L: Jo Lauren. Ahir anàrem al Museu Nacional de Història. A: La millor part va ser el terratrémol. L: Pujàrem por les escales mecàniques cap a dintre del Mon. ¡Va ser increïble! A: Anàrem a la zona roja. Era sobre l’evolució humana. L: Jo li done un 8 de 10. A: Jo li done un 9 de 10. L: Un consell, hauries/hauríeu d’anar-hi a última hora del dia quan no n’hi ha tanta gent i la multitud es menys… gran. B. Read the subtitles again, and answer the following questions.  How are Abi’s and Lauren’s evaluations of the National History Museum? Positive? Negative? Circle words that indicate their evaluations.  Look at Lauren’s last sentence in English, Spanish, and Valencian. Write these sentences in the table below. LAUREN SPANISH VALENCIAN Egramint - PID2019-105298RB-I00 4 Activity 2 (in pairs)  Look at the verb should in Lauren’s last sentence. It expresses obligation. Which kind of obligation? Select one of the following options. STRONG MEDIUM WEAK  Explain your answer briefly in your language.  Subraya el verbo después de should. ¿Podemos usar should sin este verbo? (¿Podemos decir *you should at the last hour of the day”, “*deberías/deberíais a última hora del día”?). Razona brevemente tu respuesta. Activity 3 (in pairs) MUSÉE DU LOUVRE Photo source: pixabay Egramint - PID2019-105298RB-I00 5 A. Read the following reviews of the Louvre written by an adult and a child. Adult review of the Louvre AN ABSOLUTE MUST-DO! Child review of the Louvre A BORING PLACE WITH NOTHING TO DO! Dec 21 Dec 21 Vocabulary list: drinking fountains: fuentes para beber queues: colas B. Respond to the following questions. You can use your own language, if necessary.  What’s the slogan in each review? What does the adult’s slogan mean? Use your own language to explain its meaning.  How is the adult’s evaluation of the Louvre? Positive? Negative? Circle words that indicate this evaluation.  How is the child’s evaluation of the Louvre? Positive? Negative? Circle words that indicate this evaluation.  Look at the adult’s and the child’s sentences below. How would you say the same in Spanish and Valencian? Write your answers in the table. YOU (SPANISH) YOU (VALENCIAN) ADULT: …You must bring your own water Last summer we visited the Louvre in Paris. The Louvre is an art museum. You must bring your own water, because there are no drinking fountains inside. We really enjoyed our visit. It was wonderful! Last summer we went to the Louvre in Paris. It’s a place full of paintings that I didn’t understand. There are long queues to get in, so you have to be there early. It’s a boring place full of people! Egramint - PID2019-105298RB-I00 6 CHILD: …you have to be there early Activity 4 (in pairs)  Look at the verb must in the adult’s review. It expresses obligation in English. Which kind of obligation? Select one of the following options. STRONG MEDIUM WEAK  Explain your answer briefly in your own language.  Look at the verb have to in the child’s review. It expresses obligation in English. Which kind of obligation? Select one of the following options. STRONG MEDIUM WEAK  Explain your answer briefly in your language.  Subraya los verbos después de must y have to. ¿Podemos usar must y have to después de estos verbos? (¿Podemos decir *you must water with you, “*debes agua contigo”?). Razona brevemente tu respuesta. Egramint - PID2019-105298RB-I00 7 ¿Qué hemos aprendido?...  Complete the text by selecting one option within the parentheses. Then use (√) where the characteristic applies. Should, must, y have to ______________________ (necesitan / no necesitan) ir seguidos de otros verbos para tener sentido. Se llaman verbos modales porque expresan __________________ (la acción / el modo) o manera en que se hace la acción del verbo que les sigue: ________________ (no obligada / obligada). OBLIGATION Should Must Have to Weak Medium Strong Egramint - PID2019-105298RB-I00 8 PHASE 2 Sessions 3, 4 & 5 Activity 5 (in pairs) A. Read the following children’s reviews of two touristic attractions in Australia. 1. MOVIE WORLD ____________________________ Movie World is the best place for kids’ entertainment. Movie World has very friendly staff that are happy to help you. You should try its nice restaurants. Movie World is fun! 2. EAGLEHAWK DIVE CENTRE _____________________________ Eaglehawk dive centre is one of my favourite places. You have to be there early, if you want to avoid a long queue. You mustn’t feed the fish, because it’s forbidden. There is a delicious cafe at the entrance, and a gift shop that you shouldn’t miss. It’s awesome! You must try diving at Eaglehawk! Vocabulary list friendly: amistoso o amistosa forbidden: prohibido staff: personal, empleados y empleadas miss: perderse algo avoid: evitar cafe: cafeteria feed: alimentar, dar de comer gift shop: tienda de souvenirs o regalos  Write a slogan for each of the reviews at their top. Be brief and use your imagination!  Write similar words in Spanish and Valencian to reviewers’ positive words below. You can use a dictionary, if you need it. Egramint - PID2019-105298RB-I00 9 SPANISH ENGLISH VALENCIAN the best place friendly happy nice it’s fun one of my favourite places delicious it’s awesome  Circle the positive words in the table that are most similar in English, Spanish and Valencian. Similar words in different languages are called Cognates.  Classify the modal verbs in purple according to their obligation meaning (weak, medium, strong). OBLIGATION MEANING WEAK MEDIUM STRONG  Reviewers use modal verbs in purple to give readers advice, strong recommendations, and directives. Classify them according to their uses. USES ADVICE STRONG RECOMMENDATIONS DIRECTIVES Egramint - PID2019-105298RB-I00 16 ticket. If you have a pet, you _____________ bring it, because they are not allowed. I highly recommend you to book a tour in advance too. There is a lot of security at the entrance, so you _______________ bring any dangerous object in your bag. You also _________________ go there early, because it gets very busy. In short, visiting the Colosseum is an experience you _______________ miss. Vocabulary: gladiators: gladiadores wild animals: animales salvajes allowed: permitido security: seguridad  How can we say the underlined sentence above using a modal verb in English?  ¿Qué verbo modal has usado en la oración “If you have a pet, you…”. ¿Por qué? Razona brevemente tu respuesta. Now you write! (in pairs)  Think of a place that you have visited. Write a review following these steps: A. We plan: 1. Which place (attraction, museum, building, hotel, etc.) will you review? 2. Select pictures of this place. Scan them or download them from the Internet and save them in your computer. 3. Select a picture for your reviewer identity: an avatar, animal, your face… Scan or download them from the Internet and save them in your computer. Photo source: pixabay April, 2022 Amy4am Egramint - PID2019-105298RB-I00 17 4. Set readers in context: o When did you visit the place? o What’s its location (city, region, country, …)? o How did you get there (by plain, bus, car…)? 5. Mention some characteristics. Use the tables below. o Useful expressions: This place is famous / popular, because…; This place is famous because of its history… Is it a famous or popular place? Why? o Useful expressions: There is a… / There are…; You can find… What can you find there? Any facilities? toilettes, shops, restaurants, cafes, parking spaces, buses…Any spaces? A lake, a forest, a field, a beach,… What can you find there? Things such as water, sand, trees, plants, flowers, rocks, paintings, sculptures, drinking fountains, a rollercoaster,…or animals such as farm animals, wild animals, fish… How can you access the place? Is free? Do you need to buy a ticket, pass…? Where do you buy it? Is there security at the entrance? Egramint - PID2019-105298RB-I00 18 6. Mention what you did there. Write brief notes in the space below. B. We write: 7. Write all the information in 2) as an Introduction to your review: 8. Is your evaluation positive? Negative? Use the information in 3) and 4) to write positive or negative words about the place and what you did there. Look at the examples. CHARACTERISTICS OF THE PLACE POSITIVE WORDS NEGATIVE WORDS There are nice toilettes. The toilettes are big. The toilettes are disgusting Egramint - PID2019-105298RB-I00 19 WHAT YOU DID POSITIVE WORDS NEGATIVE WORDS o It was amazing. There is always a long queue at the entrance. 9. Use should, shouldn’t, must, mustn’t and have to in order to advice, strongly recommend or direct readers to visit or not to visit the place. 10. Write a brief conclusion: How was your experience in general? Will you come back? Egramint - PID2019-105298RB-I00 20 C. Put all the information together in this template and revise your writing. YOUR NICKNAME HERE DATE OF REVIEW HERE YOUR SLOGAN HERE _________ Your review here YOUR PICTURE HERE A PICTURE HERE A PICTURE HERE Egramint - PID2019-105298RB-I00 21 ¿Qué hemos aprendido?...  Complete the text by selecting one option within the parentheses. Las reseñas tienen en su parte superior un _____________________ (título / eslogan), que es una frase corta que indica la motivación, acción o intención del hablante sobre el tema, y pretende captar su atención. En ellas expresamos nuestra evaluación positiva o negativa, y damos a los lectores consejos a través de ________________ (should / must / have to), recomendaciones fuertes a través de ______________ (should / must / have to), y directrices a través de ______________ (should / must / have to). Estos verbos expresan, por tanto, obligación. Should expresa obligación ________________________ (débil / intermedia / fuerte); must expresa obligación ________________________ (débil / intermedia / fuerte), y have to expresa obligación ________________________ (débil / intermedia / fuerte). _______________ (should / must / have to) se usa además para obligación moral, reglas y prohibiciones. ________________ (should / must / have to) se usa en contextos informales y en la conversación. Estos verbos se llaman ___________________ (verbos léxicos / verbos modales) porque se refieren al modo en que se hace la acción del verbo que les sigue: de un modo ________________ (no obligado / obligado). Por tanto, ______________________ (necesitan / no necesitan) ir seguidos de otros verbos para tener sentido.