AngleDome, Gas flow conditioning through reflection

AngleDome, Gas flow conditioning through reflection Jae Un Kim1 1Independent Researcher, Seoul, Korea [email protected] 1 Introduction Flow alignment and selective gas routing are key challenges in gas capture and processing systems. Traditional approaches use mechanical or electromagnetic devices such as fans, rotors, or electric fields to induce order within turbulent gas motion. However, these methods require continuous energy input, increase system complexity, and often have limited scalability. To address these limitations, we propose the AngleDome: a passive geometric flow conditioner designed to align and sort gas molecules according to their direction and momentum—without any moving parts or external power. The AngleDome operates using the law of reflection, wherein a gas molecule incident at angle θin with a surface inclined by β exits with a new trajectory: θout =θin −2β After multiple reflections, the dome structure progressively reduces angular dispersion of the gas flow. This flow alignment effect can be quantified by measuring the reduction in angular standard deviation: ∆σθ=σθ,in −σθ,out >0 Here, σθdenotes the dispersion of molecular flow direction, and a positive value of ∆σθ signifies improved ordering. In addition to flow alignment, the AngleDome introduces intentional momentum separation. Let pin represent the incoming momentum of a gas molecule, and pout its momentum after reflection. Then, the reflection-induced momentum alteration may be expressed as: pout =pin + ∆p(β, m) Where ∆pis dependent on surface angle βand molecular mass m. Heavier CO molecules incrementally accumulate higher momentum along the central flow path, while lighter gases such as N and O more easily diverge to peripheral regions. This stratified flow enables passive species separation without filtration membranes or electric fields. 1 For maximum dissolution efficiency downstream, the inlet of the solution chamber must be precisely aligned with the exit trajectory of the AngleDome. We define θflow as the average outgoing flow angle and θinlet as the normal vector of the solution chamber inlet; their alignment condition is given by: |θflow −θinlet|< ε Where εdenotes alignment tolerance, typically 2◦to 5◦. This paper provides the geometric design framework of the AngleDome, the underlying reflection and sorting principles, simulation results validating flow alignment and momentum stratification, and the structural coupling to liquid-phase dissolution modules. 2 Table of Contents 1. Introduction 2. Reflection-Based Flow Alignment 3. Structural Design of AngleDome 3.1 Facet Configuration 3.2 Geometrical Optimization 4. Flow Simulation and Angular Dispersion Analysis 4.1 Multi-Reflection Convergence 4.2 Inlet Matching Conditions 5. Application to Liquid Solution Chambers 6. Prototype Fabrication and Experimental Setup 7. Conclusion 2