The Doctrine of the Soul of Ascetics in Agananooru
Abstract
The soul refers to a part of a person that is connected to the divine and survives after the death of the body. Based on religion and philosophy, the soul is the immaterial aspect of a human being. The soul is considered the inherent part of living beings. Similarly, ancient Tamil people also held various doctrines about the soul of the deceased in their funeral rites and rituals. In Tamil classical literature, the funeral customs of ancient Tamils and the doctrines concerning the soul of the deceased have been recorded by ancient Tamil poets and scholars. This study aims to examine and bring forth the ancient Tamil doctrines about the soul of the deceased through Agananooru, one of the Eight Anthologies (Ettuthokai).
Full text
£ßÚõmkU P¸zuµ[P® : Œ©Põ»z uªÇõ#Ĩ @£õUSPÒ öu. v. C¢xUPÀ¿›, |õPº÷PõÂÀ 53 £UP® The Doctrine of the Soul of Ascetics in Agananooru Dr. K. Antonyraja Assistant Professor, Department of Tamil Studies Thiagarajar College (Autonomous), Tiruchirappalli Abstract The soul refers to a part of a person that is connected to the divine and survives after the death of the body. Based on religion and philosophy, the soul is the immaterial aspect of a human being. The soul is considered the inherent part of living beings. Similarly, ancient Tamil people also held various doctrines about the soul of the deceased in their funeral rites and rituals. In Tamil classical literature, the funeral customs of ancient Tamils and the doctrines concerning the soul of the deceased have been recorded by ancient Tamil poets and scholars. This study aims to examine and bring forth the ancient Tamil doctrines about the soul of the deceased through Agananooru, one of the Eight Anthologies (Ettuthokai). Keywords: Funeral Symbol, Thaazhi, Stone Platform, Stone Heap, Grave, Stone Circle, Sarcophagus, Soul, Doctrine References 1. Subramaniam, S. Ve., Sangam Literature - Ettuthokai, Text and Commentary, Manivasagar Publications, Chennai, First Edition - 2006. 2. Rasamanikkanar, Ma., Tamil Civilization and Culture, Pari Nilayam, Chennai, First Edition - 1975. 3. Rasavelu, Su., Archaeological Illuminations, Sekar Publications, Chennai, Edition - 1998. 4. Rasan, K., Sangam Period in Archaeological Perspective, International Institute of Tamil Studies, Chennai, Edition - 2004. 5. Sellam, V. Thi., History and Culture of Tamil Nadu, Manivasagar Publications, Chennai, Edition - 2006. 6. Gandhi, K., Tamil Customs and Beliefs, International Institute of Tamil Studies, Taramani, Chennai, Edition - 1980. 7. Shanmugam Pillai, Mu., Worship and Rituals of Sangam Tamils, International Institute of Tamil Studies, Chennai, Edition - 1996. ©»º: 10 ]Ó¨¤uÌ: 1 ©õu®: AU@hõ£º Á¸h®: 2025 P-ISSN: 2454-3993 E-ISSN: 2582-2810 DOI: https://doi.org/10.5281/ zenodo.17255859
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