The Emergence and Contextual Background of Introductory Works on Literary Criticism in Tamil
Abstract
In the Tamil context, scholars have acknowledged the existence of a traditional practice of literary criticism dating back to ancient times. However, this tradition is not connected with current literary paradigms such as Marxism, Modernism-Postmodernism, Structuralism-Poststructuralism, Postcolonialism, Dalit studies, Feminism, or Ecocriticism. Instead, it was reflected in areas like the printing of ancient Tamil literary manuscripts, source text research, the linguistic heritage of the Dravidian-Tamil community, chronological study of literary works, and the establishment of Tamil’s grammatical uniqueness. Hence, there was no immediate necessity for such modern theoretical frameworks in that period. Only recently has criticism emerged focusing on social, cultural, and political bases, especially emphasizing the need for ‘text’ beyond the creator or author and addressing reception theory. Likewise, it is undeniable that contemporary critical approaches influenced by these modern theories have become widespread in the study of ancient Tamil literature. Typically, analysis of any literary text increasingly reflects interpretations drawn from one or more theoretical frameworks. Given this context, an inquiry arises whether early critical texts articulated such theoretical readings and what their content reveals about the nature of criticism at thattime. Additionally, understanding the literary positions of early critics who authored these works is necessary. This article is written based on that premise.
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177 £ßÚõmkU P¸zuµ[P® : Œ©Põ»z uªÇõ#Ĩ @£õUSPÒ £UP® öu. v. C¢xUPÀ¿›, |õPº÷PõÂÀ The Emergence and Contextual Background of Introductory Works on Literary Criticism in Tamil R. Veeramani Ph.D. Research Scholar Subramania Bharathi School Tamil Language and Literature Pondicherry University, Puducherry Abstract In the Tamil context, scholars have acknowledged the existence of a traditional practice of literary criticism dating back to ancient times. However, this tradition is not connected with current literary paradigms such as Marxism, Modernism-Postmodernism, Structuralism-Poststructuralism, Postcolonialism, Dalit studies, Feminism, or Ecocriticism. Instead, it was reflected in areas like the printing of ancient Tamil literary manuscripts, source text research, the linguistic heritage of the Dravidian-Tamil community, chronological study of literary works, and the establishment of Tamil’s grammatical uniqueness. Hence, there was no immediate necessity for such modern theoretical frameworks in that period. Only recently has criticism emerged focusing on social, cultural, and political bases, especially emphasizing the need for ‘text’ beyond the creator or author and addressing reception theory. Likewise, it is undeniable that contemporary critical approaches influenced by these modern theories have become widespread in the study of ancient Tamil literature. Typically, analysis of any literary text increasingly reflects interpretations drawn from one or more theoretical frameworks. Given this context, an inquiry arises whether early critical texts articulated such theoretical readings and what their content reveals about the nature of criticism at that time. Additionally, understanding the literary positions of early critics who authored these works is necessary. This article is written based on that premise. Keywords: Tamil Literary Criticism, Modern Western Theories, Critical Theory in Tamil, Academic and Non-Academic Critics References 1. Sivathambi, Ka., Tamil Literature in Eelam, 1978, Tamil Puthakalayam, Chennai. 2. Subramaniam, Ka.Na., The Art of Criticism, 2014, Puthuppunal, Chennai - 05. 3. Subramaniya Iyer, A.V., Tamil Literature: Contemporary Period, 2023, Malar Books, Chennai - 106. 4. Gnanasambandhan, A.Sa., Literary Art, 2016, Mullai Nilayam, Chennai - 17. 5. Varadharasan, Mu., Literary Tradition, 1960, Pari Nilayam, Chennai - 01. 6. Nadarasan, Thi.Su., The Art of Critical Analysis, 2022, New Century Book House, Chennai - 50. 7. Panchankam, Ka., History of Tamil Literary Criticism, 2014, Annam, Thanjavur - 07. 8. Palanivelu, K., Theory and Criticism, 2020, Annam, Thanjavur - 07. 9. Mathiyalagan, Ma., History of Tamil Research and Criticism, 2009, Mithra Publications, Chennai - 24. 10. Raghunathan, Tho.Mu.Si., Literary Criticism, 2022, Tamil Nadu Textbook and Educational Services Corporation, Chennai - 06. 11. Varadharasan, Mu., Literary Competence, 2018, Pari Nilayam, Chennai - 108. ©»º: 10 ]Ó¨¤uÌ: 1 ©õu®: AU@hõ£º Á¸h®: 2025 P-ISSN: 2454-3993 E-ISSN: 2582-2810 DOI: https://doi.org/10.5281/ zenodo.17255946
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