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Hospitality Customs in the Velpari Folk Tale

T. Shamila Joster

Abstract

Culture refers to the unique and significant frameworks embedded in human behavior. From the earliest periods of human life, culture has emerged as a result of successive changes in human actions and practices. Human culture manifests across all aspects of life, including food, clothing, dwellings, music, arts, painting, and literature. Cultural practices are often classified under categories such as offerings, rituals, hospitality, arts, and friendship. These aspects of human life have been documented continuously in literature, starting from Sangam literature to contemporary works. In this context, the folk tale “Veerayuga Nayagan Velpari,”centered on the chieftain Velpari as depicted in Sangam literature, also reflects the cultural life of the Sangam period. Among these cultural traits, the tradition of hospitality is highlighted, which forms the focus of this study.

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öu. v. C¢xUPÀ¿›, |õPº÷PõÂÀ 148 £UP® £ßÚõmkU P¸zuµ[P® : Œ©Põ»z uªÇõ#Ĩ @£õUSPÒ Hospitality Customs in the Velpari Folk Tale Dr. T. Shamila Joster Assistant Professor, Department of Tamil St. Xavier’s College (Autonomous), Palayamkottai Abstract Culture refers to the unique and significant frameworks embedded in human behavior. From the earliest periods of human life, culture has emerged as a result of successive changes in human actions and practices. Human culture manifests across all aspects of life, including food, clothing, dwellings, music, arts, painting, and literature. Cultural practices are often classified under categories such as offerings, rituals, hospitality, arts, and friendship. These aspects of human life have been documented continuously in literature, starting from Sangam literature to contemporary works. In this context, the folk tale “Veerayuga Nayagan Velpari,”centered on the chieftain Velpari as depicted in Sangam literature, also reflects the cultural life of the Sangam period. Among these cultural traits, the tradition of hospitality is highlighted, which forms the focus of this study. References 1. Thirugnanasambandar S., Tolkappiyam with Poruladhikaram, Original and Commentary, p.551 2. Mohan I., Pattuppattu (Original and Commentary), p.105 & 107 3. Porko S., Tirukkural, 90 4. Venkatesan S., Veerayuga Nayagan Velpari, p.88 (Part 1) 5. Venkatasami Nattar N.M., Moodurai, p.26 6. Venkatesan S., Veerayuga Nayagan Velpari, p.438 (Part 2) 7. Venkatesan S., Veerayuga Nayagan Velpari, p.90 (Part 1) 8. Mohan I., Pattuppattu (Original and Commentary), p.104 & 105 9. Venkatesan S., Veerayuga Nayagan Velpari, p.63 (Part 1) 10. Venkatesan S., Veerayuga Nayagan Velpari, p.106 (Part 1) 11. Mohan I., Pattuppattu (Original and Commentary), p.89 & 91 Supplementary References 1. Venkatesan S., Veerayuga Nayagan Velpari, Vikatan Press, Anna Salai, Chennai, 6th Edition, June 2021 2. Venkatasami Nattar N.M., Moodurai Saiva Siddhanta, Tirunelveli, 2nd Edition, April 1927 3. Porko S., Tirukkural, Poombazhil Publications, Chennai, 1st Edition, July 2004 4. Mohan I., Pattuppattu (Original and Commentary), Bhavai Printers (P) Ltd., Chennai, 6th Edition, October 2007 ©»º: 10 ]Ó¨¤uÌ: 1 ©õu®: AU@hõ£º Á¸h®: 2025 P-ISSN: 2454-3993 E-ISSN: 2582-2810 DOI: https://doi.org/10.5281/ zenodo.17346699 http://www.shanlaxjournals.com 149 £UP® Shanlax International Journal of Tamil Research ÷ÁÒ£õ› ¦vÚzvÀ ¸¢÷uõ®£À £s£õk •øÚÁº uõ. 媻õ ÷áõìhº Eu¨ ÷£µõ]›¯º, uªÌzxøÓ y¯ \÷Á›¯õº PÀ¿› (ußÚõm]), £õøÍ¯[ ÷Põmøh •ßÝøµ  £s£õk Gߣx ©ÛuºPÎß ö\¯À£õkPÎÀCh®ö£Ö®uÛzxÁ©õÚ AÀ»x •UQ¯zx©õÚ Aø©¨¦øÍ SÔ¨¤kÁuõS®.  ©Ûu Áõ̯¼ß öuõhUPPõ»® •u»õP÷Á ©ÛuÛß |hzøuPÎÀ HØ£mh ©õØÓ[PÎß öuõhºa]¯õP C¨£s£õkPÒ E¸ÁõQÚ GÚ»õ®.  EnÄ, Eøh, C¸¨¤h®, Cø\, Pø», K¯®, C»UQ¯® GÚ ©ÛuÝhß öuõhº¦øh¯ AøÚzx £›nõ©[Pξ® £s£õkPÒ ¤µv£¼UQßÓÚ. ÷©¾® CøÁ öPõøh, õ®, DøP, ¸¢÷uõ®£À, Pø», |m¦ GßÓ TÖPÍõPÄ®¤›UP¨£mkÒÍÚ.©Ûu Áõ̯ø» GkzxøµUS® CzuøP¯ £s£õkPÒ \[P C»UQ¯® öuõh[Q CUPõ» C»UQ¯® Áøµ°»õPÄ® öuõhºa]¯õP£À÷ÁÖC»UQ¯[PÎÀ £vÄ ö\#¯¨£mk Á¸QßÓÚ. AÆÁøP°À \[P C»UQ¯zvÀ Ch® ö£ØÖÒÍÁÒÍÀ£õ›ø¯uø»ÁÚõPU öPõsk E¸ÁõUP¨£mkÒÍ, “õ²P |õ¯Pß ÷ÁÒ£õ›’ GßÓ Áµ»õØÖ¨ ¦vÚzv¾® \[PPõ» Áõ̯ø» uʯ £s£õkPÒ ¦øÚ¯¨ £mkÒÍÚ. CuÝÒ Ch® ö£ØÖÒÍ ¸¢÷uõ® £À £s£õmiøÚ Bµõ#ÁuõP CUPmkøµAø©¢xÒÍx. ÷ÁÒ£õ›¦vÚ•®,AußPøu¯ø©¨¦®  BÚ¢u ÂPhß CuÈÀ, 2016& B® Bsk, w£õÁÎ ]Ó¨¤uÈÀ Áõµz öuõhµõPAÔ•P©õQ,2018&B®Bsk ¦vÚÁiÁ®ö£ØÓx,_.öÁ[P÷h\ß GÊv¯,“õ²P|õ¯Pß÷ÁÒ£õ›’GßÓ Áµ»õØÖ¨¦vÚ©õS®.\[PPõ»zøu Põ»¨ ¤ßÚo¯õPÄ®, \[P Põ»zvÀ ÁõÌ¢u ÁÒÍÀPÐÒ J¸ÁÚõÚ £õ›ø¯z uø»ÁÚõPÄ® öPõsk C¨¦vÚ® GÊu¨£mkÒÍx.  \[P C»UQ¯zvÀ Ch® ö£ØÖÒÍ £õ› öuõhº£õÚ SÔ¨¦PÍõÚ £õ›°ß ÁÒÍÀ ußø©, £õ›°ß©PÒPÒ,£Ó®¦©ø»°ßÁÍ®, ‰÷Á¢uºPÎß £Ó®¦©ø» •ØÖøP, £õ›&P¤»›ß |m¦ GÚ \[P C»UQ¯ SÔ¨¦PÒ ¦vÚzvß PøuU Pmhø©¨£õP E¸¨ö£ØÖÒÍÚ.  £Ó®¦©ø»°ß C¯ØøPÁÍ•®, £õ›°ß ÁÒÍÀ ußø©²® ÷Á¢uºPÐUS £õ›°ß «x ö£õÓõø©ø¯ HØ£kzvh, £õ› CÆÁoPzøu©ÖUS®`ǼÀ£õ›°ß «uõÚ £øhö¯k¨£õP ©õÔ {Ø£uõP ¦vÚzvß Pøu |PºÄ Aø©¢xÒÍx. C¨¦vÚzvß Pøu¨ ¤ßÚ¾UPõP B]›¯º _. öÁ[P÷h\ß, uÚx PÍ B#ÄuµÄPøÍ²®,RÇi,AÇPßSÍ® EÒÎmh APÇõ#Ä uµÄPøÍ²®, |h¨¦ {PÌÄPøÍ²® CønzxÒÍõº GߣxSÔ¨¤hzuUPx.  ÷ÁÒ£õ› ¦vÚ® Ph¢u ]» BskPÎ÷»÷¯Áõ\PºPÎøh÷¯ªP¨ö£›¯ uõUPzøu HØ£kzv, uÚUöPÚ uÛzu Áõ\Pº Ámhzøu E¸ÁõUQ²ÒÍx Gߣx SÔ¨¤hzuUPx.  CzuøP¯ ¦vÚzxÒ,\[PPõ»©UPÎßÁõ̯À öu. v. 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