MicroBooNE's beyond the Standard Model physics program

MicroBooNE's beyond the Standard Model physics program M. Nebot-Guinot for the MicrooBooNE Collaboration M.Nebot-Guinot MicroBooNE's beyond the Standard Model physics program •The MicroBooNE experiment" •BSM searches in MicroBooNE 2 Outline M.Nebot-Guinot MicroBooNE's beyond the Standard Model physics program 3 Outline •The MicroBooNE experiment" •BSM searches in MicroBooNE M.Nebot-Guinot Neutrinos at the Main Injector (NuMI) beam (BNB) 4 SBND (110m) ! taking data ICARUS (600m)! taking data The Short Baseline Neutrino (SBN) program at Fermilab A multi‐detector and multi-beam facility on the Booster Neutrino Beam (& Neutrinos at the Main Injector beam) at Fermilab to test MiniBooNE’s anomaly.$ It uses the same neutrino beam, nuclear target, detector technology to reduce systematic uncertainties. •Neutrino beam from pion decay-in-flight mostly. Well-known beam, same as MiniBooNE (PRD 79, 072002).$ The same mechanisms that produce neutrinos are great sources of potential BSM particles. " •3 Liquid Argon Time Projection Chamber (LArTPC) detectors. The MicroBooNE experiment MicroBooNE (470m) ! finished taking data 2021 For more details see! Christian Farnese’s talk For more details see! London’s, Jairo’s, Fan’s talks For more details see! my other talk M.Nebot-Guinot 5 Why LArTPCs? The MicroBooNE experiment •MiniBooNE: 600t active volume mineral oil Cherenkov detector $ → poor e/γ separation and most hadronic activity missed. " •LArTPCs are capable of identifying different species of particles$ reconstructing 3D images with fine-grained information.$ Neutrino vertex, particle flow, track vs. shower… M.Nebot-Guinot Run 8617 Subrun 46 Event 2329 6 Why LArTPCs? The MicroBooNE experiment •MiniBooNE: 600t active volume mineral oil Cherenkov detector $ → poor e/γ separation and most hadronic activity missed. " •LArTPCs are capable of identifying different species of particles$ reconstructing 3D images with fine-grained information.$ Neutrino vertex, particle flow, track vs. shower… •Tracks: Simple line segments → single higher-mass particle ( , , , etc.)" •Showers: Branching clusters of line segments$ or pair leads to a cascade of electromagnetic activity ( , , ) p π± μ± e± γ→e+e− γ e+ e− M.Nebot-Guinot Run 8617 Subrun 46 Event 2329 7 Why LArTPCs? The MicroBooNE experiment Electron vs gamma discrimination: •Conversion gap" •dE/dx at start of shower •MiniBooNE: 600t active volume mineral oil Cherenkov detector $ → poor e/γ separation and most hadronic activity missed. " •LArTPCs are capable of identifying different species of particles$ reconstructing 3D images with fine-grained information.$ Neutrino vertex, particle flow, track vs. shower… •Tracks: Simple line segments → single higher-mass particle ( , , , etc.)" •Showers: Branching clusters of line segments$ or pair leads to a cascade of electromagnetic activity ( , , ) p π± μ± e± γ→e+e− γ e+ e− M.Nebot-Guinot Run 9524 Subrun 127 Event 6375 Run 8617 Subrun 46 Event 2329 8 Why LArTPCs? The MicroBooNE experiment Electron vs gamma discrimination: : no gap e− : visible gap γ •Conversion gap" •dE/dx at start of shower •MiniBooNE: 600t active volume mineral oil Cherenkov detector $ → poor e/γ separation and most hadronic activity missed. " •LArTPCs are capable of identifying different species of particles$ reconstructing 3D images with fine-grained information.$ Neutrino vertex, particle flow, track vs. shower… •Tracks: Simple line segments → single higher-mass particle ( , , , etc.)" •Showers: Branching clusters of line segments$ or pair leads to a cascade of electromagnetic activity ( , , ) p π± μ± e± γ→e+e− γ e+ e− M.Nebot-Guinot Run 9524 Subrun 127 Event 6375 Run 8617 Subrun 46 Event 2329 9 Why LArTPCs? •MiniBooNE: 600t active volume mineral oil Cherenkov detector $ → poor e/γ separation and most hadronic activity missed. " •LArTPCs are capable of identifying different species of particles$ reconstructing 3D images with fine-grained information.$ Neutrino vertex, particle flow, track vs. shower… Aux. material Phys.Rev.Lett. 135 (2025) 8, 081802 The MicroBooNE experiment •Tracks: Simple line segments → single higher-mass particle ( , , , etc.)" •Showers: Branching clusters of line segments$ or pair leads to a cascade of electromagnetic activity ( , , ) p π± μ± e± γ→e+e− γ e+ e− Electron vs gamma discrimination: : no gap e− : visible gap γ •Conversion gap" •dE/dx at start of shower : low dE/dx e− : high dE/dx γ M.Nebot-Guinot 16 MicroBooNE BSM program The MicroBooNE experiment M.Nebot-Guinot MicroBooNE's beyond the Standard Model physics program 17 Outline •The MicroBooNE experiment" •BSM searches in MicroBooNE M.Nebot-Guinot BSM searches in MicroBooNE • Search for 3+1 (eV) sterile neutrino oscillation. " •Using BNB inclusive search to look at 3+1 model, large phase space rejected at 95% CLs" •Degeneracy when sin2 𝜃24 ≈ 0.005 given (𝐵𝑁𝐵) ≈ 185 " νe Rνμ/νe 18 Light sterile neutrino 4− 10 3− 10 2− 10 1− 10 1 eµ θ2 2 sin 2− 10 1− 10 1 10 2 10 ) 2 (eV 41 2 m∆ (allowed)σMiniBooNE 2 (allowed)σMiniBooNE 3 MiniBooNE Best Fit POT 20 10×MicroBooNE 6.369 s Profiling, 95% CL (App. + Disapp.) Excluded Phys. Rev. Lett. 130, 011801 (2023) M.Nebot-Guinot 19 Light sterile neutrino 4− 10 3− 10 2− 10 1− 10 1 eµ θ2 2 sin 2− 10 1− 10 1 10 2 10 ) 2 (eV 41 2 m∆ (allowed)σMiniBooNE 2 (allowed)σMiniBooNE 3 MiniBooNE Best Fit POT 20 10×MicroBooNE 6.369 s Profiling, 95% CL (App. + Disapp.) Excluded Phys. Rev. Lett. 130, 011801 (2023) •Degeneracy mitigated by adding data from NuMI beamline ≈ 21 Rνμ/νe MICROBOONE-NOTE-1132-PUB Stay tuned for the full result! BSM searches in MicroBooNE • Search for 3+1 (eV) sterile neutrino oscillation. " •Using BNB inclusive search to look at 3+1 model, large phase space rejected at 95% CLs" •Degeneracy when sin2 𝜃24 ≈ 0.005 given (𝐵𝑁𝐵) ≈ 185 " νe Rνμ/νe M.Nebot-Guinot Heavy Neutral Leptons NuMI Absorber Kaons Protons •First search for 𝑵 → 𝝂 𝒆+𝒆− or 𝑵 → 𝝂 𝝅𝟎 final states in a LArTPC 20 Heavy Neutral Leptons (HNL) From NuMI Absorber BSM searches in MicroBooNE M.Nebot-Guinot Heavy Neutral Leptons NuMI Absorber Kaons Protons •First search for 𝑵 → 𝝂 𝒆+𝒆− or 𝑵 → 𝝂 𝝅𝟎 final states in a LArTPC 21 Heavy Neutral Leptons (HNL) From NuMI Absorber 𝑁 → 𝜈 𝑒+𝑒− 𝑁 → 𝜈 𝜋0 •Set limits on |Uμ4| 2 as a function of HNL mass $ 10 ≤ mHNL ≤ 150 MeV ( 𝜈𝑒+𝑒− channel) $ 150 ≤ mHNL ≤ 245 MeV ( 𝜈𝜋0 channel) Phys. Rev. Lett. 132, 041801 (2024) BSM searches in MicroBooNE M.Nebot-Guinot •Neutral scalar singlet S, mixing angle 𝜽 with the Higgs boson " •Production from kaon decay " •Signature: 𝑺 → 𝒆+𝒆− 22 Higgs Portal Scalars Higgs Portal Scalars Kaons NuMI Absorber BSM searches in MicroBooNE M.Nebot-Guinot •Neutral scalar singlet S, mixing angle 𝜽 with the Higgs boson " •Production from kaon decay " •Signature: 𝑺 → 𝒆+𝒆− 23 Higgs Portal Scalars Higgs Portal Scalars Kaons NuMI Absorber arXiv:2501.08052 New! •Set strongest limits to date at 95% CL: At mS = 125 MeV, θ < 2.65 × 10−4 $ At mS = 150 MeV, θ < 1.72 × 10−4 BSM searches in MicroBooNE M.Nebot-Guinot 24 Light dark matter Light Dark Matter •First search for dark-trident using a LArTPC BSM searches in MicroBooNE Production $ DM particle produced in beam and interacts in MicroBooNE Dark photon mediator 𝑨′ Scatter ! Dark photon mediator 𝑨′ → 𝒆+𝒆− M.Nebot-Guinot 25 Light dark matter Light Dark Matter •First search for dark-trident using a LArTPC Production $ DM particle produced in beam and interacts in MicroBooNE Dark photon mediator 𝑨′ Scatter ! Dark photon mediator 𝑨′ → 𝒆+𝒆− MA′ = 300 MeV •Parameters of the model: $ • dark photon (M𝑨′) $ • dark scalar (or fermion) (Mχ) " •Set world-leading limits on this Light Dark Matter model Phys. Rev. Lett. 132, 241801 (2024) BSM searches in MicroBooNE •MicroBooNE main physics goal:$ Investigate the MiniBooNE “Low Energy Excess” " •Same BNB beam, baseline but new detector! 32 MiniBooNE νe 10.1103/PhysRevD.103.052002 Main backgrounds: •Additional physics program:$ BSM, 𝜈-Ar interactions, LArTPC R&D •MiniBooNE was built to test LSND anomaly." •With data collected from 2002 to 2019, sees a 4.8σ excess of 𝜈e candidate events" •Neutrino and anti-neutrino final fits consistent with LSND allowed regions. If excess is truly electron neutrinos from oscillation then could be evidence of a 3+N sterile neutrino theory Short-Baseline neutrino anomalies M.Nebot-Guinot M.Nebot-Guinot 33 Title Text 27 ▪Data taking ▪BNB Full Dataset: 1.1 X 1021 POT ▪NuMI Full Dataset: 2.37 X 1021 POT | Diego Andrade | Lepton-Photon 2025 •MicroBooNE collected BNB and NuMI data between 2015 and 2021 split into five runs M.Nebot-Guinot 34 Title Text 6 Beamlines ~470 m | Diego Andrade | Lepton-Photon 2025 •Large flux of charged/neutral mesons from high intensity proton beams •New particles can be produced from meson decays •Proximity to the NuMI absorber → Particles survive long enough to reach MicroBooNE ▪Neutrino Beamlines at Fermilab TEAM NAME PLAYER NAME TEAM NAME PLAYER NAME TEAM NAME PLAYER NAME TEAM NAME PLAYER NAME NuMI TEAM NAME PLAYER NAME TEAM NAME PLAYER NAME TEAM NAME PLAYER NAME TEAM NAME PLAYER NAME BNB •8° off-axis" •95% $ 5% " •120 GeV POT" •50/50 νμ νe ν/ ¯ν •on-axis" •99.5% $ 0.5% " • 8 GeV POT νμ νe BSM Possibilities for the LEE Snowmass White Paper on Light Sterile Neutrinos" J. Phys. G: Nucl. Part. Phys. 51 120501 (2024) •The MiniBooNE LEE has often been interpreted as an excess of events, potentially from sterile neutrino short baseline oscillations" •But there are lots of well motivated beyond-standard-model possibilities for and events as well e− νμ→νe γ e+e− M.Nebot-Guinot eV-scale sterile neutrino searches 36 Title Text •Reinterpret LEE analysis under 3+1 sterile neutrino oscillation framework νe PRL 130 (2023) 1, 01180 inclusive analysis. performed with BNB data." νe Sensitivity not statistics limited!" MicroBooNE’s ’22 analyis: 3+1 with BNB M.Nebot-Guinot eV-scale sterile neutrino searches •3+1 degeneracy: $ appearance cancels out disappearance" •Degeneracy depends on intrinsic rate of vs. in the beam. $ For BNB νe νe νe νμ Nνμ Nνe ∼200 37 •Impact on NuMI spectrum is large due to the different " •NuMI beam allows us to break the degeneracy νe Nνμ Nνe ∼25 Updated NuMI flux at MicroBooNE MICROBOONENOTE-1129-PUB BNB + NuMI eV-scale sterile neutrino searches M.Nebot-Guinot 38 Title Text Heavy Neutral Leptons (HNLs) Magnus Handley – [email protected] 14 HNLs Not produced here if |Ue4|=0 •Kinematic upper bound of ~390 MeV to the HNL masses we can probe at uBooNE •Dominant visible states below this are: 1. e+e-", )'< )() 2. +)", )() < )'< )($ 3. -+", )'> " )($ M.Nebot-Guinot 39 Title Text 30 ▪Ongoing BSM searches | Diego Andrade | Lepton-Photon 2025 M.Nebot-Guinot 40 Title Text MicroBooNE Collaboration Argonne National Laboratory: Z. Djurcic, A. Rafique University of Bern, Switzerland: R. Diurba, S. Mulleriababu,M. Weber Brookhaven: M. Bishai, J. Calcutt, W. Gu, J.H. Jo, M. Kirby, Y. Li, S. Martynenko,N. Nayak, X. Qian, V. Radeka, D. Torbunov,B. Viren, H. Yu, C. Zhang University of California, Santa Barbara: S. Brickner, D. Caratelli,C. Fang, F. Gao, X. Luo, L. Nguyen, C. Sauer University of Cambridge: S. Dennis, P. Detje,M. Handley, K. Wresilo University of Chicago: A. Bhat, A. Ereditato (joint with FNAL), B.T. Fleming, D. Franco, D.W. Schmitz, A. White CIEMAT: J. Crespo University of Cincinnati: R.A. Johnson Colorado State University: D. Carber, M. Mooney,D. Totani Columbia University: L. Camilleri, S. Chung, D. Kalra, L. Hagaman, G. Karagiorgi, K. Kumar, N. Oza,M. Ross-Lonergan, W. Seligman, M. Shaevitz University of Edinburgh: C. Batchelor, M. Nebot-Guinot, H. Parkinson, A.M. Szelc, W. Wang Fermilab: V. Basque, M. Bhattacharya, F. Cavanna, G. Cerati, M. Del Tutto, A. Ereditato (joint with Chicago), S. Gardiner, H. Greenlee, C. James, W. Ketchum, T. Kobilarcik, J. Li, L Liu, C. Moore, O. Palamara, Z. Pavlovic, J.L. Raaf, A. Schukraft, R. Sharankova, E. Snider, M. Stancari, J. St. John, T. Strauss, M. Toups*, S. Wolbers, G.P. Zeller, J, Zennamo University of Granada: D. Gamez Illinois Institute of Technology: D. Andrade Aldana, O. Rodriguez, B. Littlejohn, M. G. Manuel Alves Imperial College London: A. Hergenhan, A. Navrer-Agasson, S. Söldner-Rembold, M. Uchida Indiana University: A. Binau, A. Johnson, A. Kelly, F. Martinez Lopez, B. McConnell T. Mohayai Kansas State University: T. Bolton, G. Horton-Smith, A. Hussain, N. Majeed, J. Tyler University of Kansas: M. B. Brunetti Lancaster University: A. Blake, I. Mawby, J. Nowak, N. Patel, I. Pophale Los Alamos: V. Bhelande,W Foreman, S. Gollapinni, W.C. Louis, A. Papadopoulou, L. Silva, E. Yandel Louisiana State University: J. Mendez, H. Wei University of Manchester: J. Bateman, J. Burridge, J.J. Evans*, E. Gramellini, R. Guenette, N. Lane, M. Moudgalya, C. Thorpe, A. Trettin MIT-HEP:J.M. Conrad, J. Micallef (joint with Tufts) MIT-NP:O. Hen Michigan State University: S. Berkman, S. Hawkins, L. Mellet,K. Pletcher University of Michigan, Ann Arbor: B. Bogart, J. Spitz University of Minnesota: J. Barrow, A. Furmanski, K. Hildebrandt, B. Irwin, N. Pallat Nankai University: X. Ji, , S. Liu, S. Zhai New Mexico State University: V. Papavassiliou, S.F. Pate, L. Ren University of Notre Dame: L. Yates University of Oxford: A. Barnard, G. Barr, D. Barrow, K. Duffy, P. Green University of Pittsburgh: L. Cooper-Troendle, S. Dytman, M. Ismail, D. Naples, V. Paolone, W. Wu Queen Mary University of London: N. McConkey Rutgers: P. Englezos, K. Lin, A. Mastbaum, C. Nguyen SLAC: Y. Chen, M. Convery, K. Terao, Y-T. Tsai, T. Usher South Dakota School of Mines & Technology : B. Behera, D. Martinez, J. Rodriguez Rondon, University of Southern Maine: B. Eberly Tel Aviv University: A. Ashkenazi, A. Gruber, L. Ralte University of Texas at Arlington: J. Asaadi Tufts University: P. Abratenko, O. Alterkait, V. DaSilva, Z. Imani, , J. Micallef (joint with MIT), M. Rosenberg, T. Wongjirad Virginia Tech: C. Mariani University of Warwick: A. Chappell, R. Cross, J. Marshall *spokespeople 185 collaborators 41 institutions 42 postdocs 52 grad students (33% international students) note: also includes Masters, post-bacc August 2025 M.Nebot-Guinot 41 Title Text MicroBooNE papers