Report on the generation of a real world sub-THz traceable channel sounding open access database that comprises a description of the data generated using the tools developed (as described in the D3 report) and the relevant open access links

Confidentiality Status: PU - Public, fully open (remember to deposit public deliverables in a trusted repository) Deliverable Cover Sheet Funded by the European Union. Views and opinions expressed are however those of the author(s) only and do not necessarily reflect those of the European Union or EURAMET. Neither the European Union nor the granting authority can be held responsible for them. The project has received funding from the European Partnership on Metrology, co-financed from the European Union’s Horizon Europe Research and Innovation Programme and by the Participating States. 1 of 11 21NRM03 MEWS D4 Report on the generation of a real world sub-THz traceable channel sounding open access database that comprises a description of the data generated using the tools developed (as described in the D3 report) and the relevant open access links Organisation name of the lead participant for the deliverable: Queen Mary University London Authors: Qamar Muhammad, Lawrence Carslake, Ivan Bonev, Ben Chen, Fengchun Zhang, Ke Guan, Tian Hong Loh, Akram Alomainy Due date of the deliverable: 31 July 2025 Actual submission date of the deliverable: 31 July 2025 2 of 11 TABLE OF CONTENTS 1 Sub-THz VNA-based Channel Sounder Structure and Channel Measurements at 100 and 300 GHz ......................................................................................................................................... 3 2 Enabling Long-Range Large-Scale Channel Sounding at Sub-THz Bands: Virtual Array and Radio-Over-Fiber Concepts ..................................................................................................... 4 3 Large Virtual Antenna Array-Based Empirical Channel Characterization for Sub-THz Indoor Hall Scenarios .......................................................................................................................... 5 4 Design and Validation of the Phase-Compensated Long-Range Sub-THz VNA-based Channel Sounder ................................................................................................................................... 6 5 Deterministic Ray Tracing: A Promising Approach to THz Channel Modeling in 6G Deployment Scenarios ................................................................................................................................. 7 6 Measurement-based channel characterization in a large hall scenario at 300 GHz .................. 8 7 Virtual Antenna Array-Based Channel Sounding at 300 GHz: Implementation and Field Measurements ......................................................................................................................... 9 8 330–500 GHz and 500–750 GHz ray tracing .......................................................................... 10 21NRM03 MEWS 3 of 11 1 Sub-THz VNA-based Channel Sounder Structure and Channel Measurements at 100 and 300 GHz The uploaded measurement dataset is available at: https://zenodo.org/records/15474823 For each measured frequency band, channel frequency response is uploaded. Each channel frequency response includes information about magnitude, phase and frequency. The table below represents the main parameters of the measurement setup. Scenario Laboratory Laboratory Frequency [GHz] 90 – 110 250-300 Tx antenna type, gain, HPBW Horn, 21 dBi, 19° Horn, 25 dBi, 8° Transmitted power [dBm] 9 9 Tx rotation fixed fixed Rx antenna type, gain, HPBW Horn, 21 dBi, 19° Horn, 25 dBi, 8° Rx rotation [-180:1:179] [-180:1:179] Tx-Rx distance [m] 2.25 2.25 Antenna height [m] 0.9 0.9 For more information, please refer to the explanation in the article entitled “Sub-THz VNABased Channel Sounder Structure and Channel Measurements at 100 and 300 GHz”. The article can be found here: https://vbn.aau.dk/ws/files/441017166/1570727693_6_.pdf 10.1109/PIMRC50174.2021.9569702 For more information and questions, please contact Associate Professor Fengchun Zhang at [email protected]. 21NRM03 MEWS 4 of 11 2 Enabling Long-Range Large-Scale Channel Sounding at Sub-THz Bands: Virtual Array and Radio-Over-Fiber Concepts The uploaded measurement dataset is available at: https://zenodo.org/records/15475728 The file “directive_vaa_20m” contains the measured channel frequency response at 100 GHz for corridor scenario. More specifically, the variable name “freq_resp” includes an information about magnitude, phase and frequency. The table below represents the main parameters of the measurement setup. Scenario Corridor Frequency [GHz] 99 – 101 Tx antenna type, gain, HPBW Omnidirectional, 5 dBi, - Transmitted power [dBm] 10 Tx rotation Fixed Rx antenna type, gain, HPBW ASY-CWG-S-750, 13.5 dBi, - Rx rotation virtual array [-180:1:180], radius 5 cm Tx-Rx distance [m] 20 Antenna height [m] 1.25 Further, a file named “padp_directive_vaa_20m_mbf” contains the variable “padp_data”, which is the PADP obtained after applying the beamforming algorithm presented in the paper “Virtual Antenna Array with Directional Antennas for Millimeter-Wave Channel Characterization” . The article is available at: https://vbn.aau.dk/en/publications/virtual-antenna-array-with-directional-antennas-formillimeter-wa 10.1109/TAP.2022.3161334 For more information, please refer to the explanation in the article entitled “Enabling LongRange Large-Scale Channel Sounding at Sub-THz Bands: Virtual Array and Radio-OverFiber Concepts”. The paper can be found here: https://vbn.aau.dk/da/publications/enabling-long-range-large-scale-channel-sounding-atsub-thz-bands 10.1109/MCOM.001.2200411 For more information and questions, please contact Associate Professor Fengchun Zhang at [email protected]. 21NRM03 MEWS 5 of 11 3 Large Virtual Antenna Array-Based Empirical Channel Characterization for SubTHz Indoor Hall Scenarios The uploaded measurement dataset is available at: https://zenodo.org/records/15475522 The measurement data is divided into two measurement scenarios (see the deployment.ppt file). Nineteen channel frequency responses (all file names start with 1_) are provided for the first scenario and thirteen (all file names start with 2_) for the second scenario. Each channel frequency response includes information about magnitude, phase and frequency. The table below represents the main parameters of the measurement setup. Scenario Large hall and corridor Frequency [GHz] 99 – 101 Tx antenna type, gain, HPBW Omnidirectional, 4.5 dBi, - Transmitted power [dBm] 10 Tx rotation Fixed Rx antenna type, gain, HPBW Omnidirectional, 4.5 dBi, - Rx rotation virtual array [-180:1:180], radius 6.7 cm Tx-Rx distance [m] 3-58 Antenna height [m] 1.3 For more information, please refer to the explanation in the article entitled “Large Virtual Antenna Array-Based Empirical Channel Characterization for Sub-THz Indoor Hall Scenarios”. The article can be found here: https://oulurepo.oulu.fi/bitstream/handle/10024/51410/nbnfioulu202408135384.pdf;jsessionid=2FA7735F829D7B355BACF2CBCE46F772?sequence=1 10.1109/TAP.2024.3423470 For more information and questions, please contact Associate Professor Fengchun Zhang at [email protected]. 21NRM03 MEWS 6 of 11 4 Design and Validation of the Phase-Compensated Long-Range Sub-THz VNAbased Channel Sounder The uploaded measurement dataset is available at: https://zenodo.org/records/15476080 All measurement results are divided into two groups: “bending_results” and “results_over_time”. The group “bending_results” consists of 6 Excel files considering no bending of the cable and one to five circles of the bended cable respectively. In each Excel file, amplitude and phase of the forward B/A and feedback C/R3 links respectively are recorded for the frequency range (219-330) GHz. There is one Excel file in the group “results_over_time” (with a name “OVER_TIME_DRIFTING”) containing data recorded once every minute and for a period of 12 hours. For more information, please refer to the explanation in the article entitled “Design and Validation of the Phase-Compensated Long-Range Sub-THz VNA-based Channel Sounder”. The article can be found here: https://vbn.aau.dk/ws/portalfiles/portal/445940167/Design_and_Validation_of_the_Phase_ Compensated_Long_Range_Sub_THz_VNA_based_Channel_Sounder.pdf 10.1109/LAWP.2021.3114626 For more information and questions, please contact Associate Professor Fengchun Zhang at [email protected]. 21NRM03 MEWS 7 of 11 5 Deterministic Ray Tracing: A Promising Approach to THz Channel Modeling in 6G Deployment Scenarios The uploaded measurement dataset is available at: https://zenodo.org/records/15476277 The file “phasecomp_nlos22.m” contains the measured channel frequency response at 100 GHz for empty room scenario. The file “Point2_4.2m” contains the measured channel frequency response at 300 GHz for spacious hall scenario. More specifically, both files include information about magnitude, phase and frequency. The table below represents the main parameters of the measurement setup. Scenario Empty room Spacious hall Frequency [GHz] 97-103 299 – 301 Tx antenna type, gain, HPBW Omnidirectional, 4.5 dBi, - Horn, 26 dBi, 8° Transmitted power [dBm] 0 5 Tx rotation Fixed virtual array [-90:4:90], radius 0.5 m Rx antenna type, gain, HPBW Omnidirectional, 4.5 dBi, - Horn, 26 dBi, 8° Rx rotation virtual array [-180:0.5:180], radius 0.5 m virtual array [-180:4:180], radius 0.5 m Tx-Rx distance [m] 6.5 4.2 Antenna height [m] 1.25 1.25 For more information, please refer to Fig. 2a and Fig. 3c and the explanation in the article entitled “Deterministic Ray Tracing: A Promising Approach to THz Channel Modeling in 6G Deployment Scenarios”. The paper can be found here: https://vbn.aau.dk/da/publications/deterministic-ray-tracing-a-promising-approach-to-thzchannel-mod 10.1109/MCOM.001.2200486 For more information and questions, please contact Associate Professor Fengchun Zhang at [email protected]. 21NRM03 MEWS 8 of 11 6 Measurement-based channel characterization in a large hall scenario at 300 GHz The uploaded measurement dataset is available at: https://zenodo.org/records/15475334 Eight channel frequency responses for different Tx-Rx distances are provided. Each channel frequency response includes information about magnitude, phase and frequency. Both Tx and Rx are rotated, deploying double directional scanning sounding (DDSS) scheme. The table below represents the main parameters of the measurement setup. Scenario Large hall Frequency [GHz] 299 – 301 Tx antenna type, gain, HPBW Omnidirectional, 4.5 dBi, - Transmitted power [dBm] 10 Tx rotation [-90:4:90] Rx antenna type, gain, HPBW Omnidirectional, 4.5 dBi, - Rx rotation [-180:4:179], Tx-Rx distance [m] 3-15.6 Antenna height [m] 1.25 For more information, please refer to the explanation in the article entitled “MeasurementBased Channel Characterization in a Large Hall Scenario at 300 GHz”. The article can be found here: https://vbn.aau.dk/en/publications/measurement-based-channel-characterization-in-alarge-hall-scenar 10.23919/JCC.fa.2022-0286.202304 For more information and questions, please contact Associate Professor Fengchun Zhang at [email protected]. 21NRM03 MEWS 9 of 11 7 Virtual Antenna Array-Based Channel Sounding at 300 GHz: Implementation and Field Measurements The uploaded measurement dataset is available at: https://zenodo.org/records/15474139 Two channel frequency responses (obtained by using horn antenna with narrow HPBW and wide HPBW respectively) and two measured gain patterns for both types horn antennas are listed. Each channel frequency response includes an information about magnitude, phase and frequency. The table below represents the main parameters of the measurement setup. Scenario Entrance hall Frequency [GHz] 295 – 305 Tx antenna type, gain, HPBW Horn, 15 dBi, 36° Transmitted power [dBm] 10 Tx rotation fixed Rx antenna type, gain, HPBW Horn, 15 dBi, 36⸰/ Horn, 25.5 dB, 8⸰ Rx rotation Virtual array [-180:0.3:180], radius 9.5 cm Tx-Rx distance [m] 6.5 Antenna height [m] 1.25 For more information, please refer to the explanation in the article entitled “Virtual Antenna Array Based Channel Sounding at 300 GHz: Implementation and Field Measurements”. The article can be found here: https://oulurepo.oulu.fi/bitstream/handle/10024/51409/nbnfioulu202408135383.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y 10.1109/LAWP.2024.3437674 For more information and questions, please contact Associate Professor Fengchun Zhang at [email protected].