THE GRAMMATICAL SIMILARITIES AND DIFFERENCES OF PRONOUNS IN ENGLISH AND UZBEK LANGUAGE

INTERNATIONAL SCIENTIFIC AND PRACTICAL CONFERENCE “INTEGRATION OF MODERN LINGUISTICS WITH SCIENCE, EDUCATION, AND PRACTICE IN THE PROCESS OF GLOBALIZATION: NEW APPROACHES, OPPORTUNITIES, AND CHALLENGES”, DECEMBER 4, 2025 36 THE GRAMMATICAL SIMILARITIES AND DIFFERENCES OF PRONOUNS IN ENGLISH AND UZBEK LANGUAGE 1Axmedova Asila, 2Utayeva Malika Akmalovna 1NSU, 2Scientific adviser https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.17785822 Annotation. This article is dedicated to the grammatical comparison of pronouns in English and Uzbek. It examines the similarities and differences between the two languages, focusing on various types of pronouns, including personal, demonstrative, and interrogative pronouns. The article highlights key distinctions, such as the presence of gender-specific personal pronouns in English and their absence in Uzbek. Additionally, it analyzes the simplicity and complexity of grammatical structures and the practical usage of pronouns in both languages. This comparative study provides valuable theoretical and practical insights for learners of both languages and serves as an interesting topic in linguistics. Keywords: pronouns, grammar similarities, differences, personal pronouns, demonstrative pronouns, gender-specific pronouns, linguistics. Аннотация. Эта статья посвящена грамматическому сравнению местоимений в английском и узбекском языках. В ней рассматриваются сходства и различия между двумя языками, уделяя особое внимание различным типам местоимений, включая личные, указательные и вопросительные местоимения. В статье выделяются ключевые отличия, такие как наличие гендерно-специфических личных местоимений в английском языке и их отсутствие в узбекском. Кроме того, анализируется простота и сложность грамматических структур, а также практическое использование местоимений в обоих языках. Это сравнительное исследование предоставляет ценные теоретические и практические сведения для изучающих оба языка и является интересной темой для лингвистики. Ключевые слова : Местоимения, Грамматические сходства, Различия, Личные местоимения, Указательные местоимения, Гендерно-специфические местоимения, Лингвистика. Annotatsiya. Ushbu maqola ingliz va o‘zbek tillaridagi olmoshlarning grammatik taqqoslashiga bag‘ishlangan. Unda ikki tilning o‘xshashliklari va farqlari, jumladan, shaxs, ko‘rsatish va so‘roq olmoshlarining turli turlari ko‘rib chiqiladi. Maqolada asosiy farqlar, masalan, ingliz tilidagi jinsga xos shaxs olmoshlarining mavjudligi va ularning o‘zbek tilida yo‘qligi kabi jihatlar ajratib ko‘rsatiladi. Shuningdek, grammatik tuzilmalarning oddiyligi va murakkabligi, hamda olmoshlarning amaliy qo‘llanilishi tahlil qilinadi. Ushbu taqqoslash tadqiqoti har ikki tilni o‘rganayotganlar uchun nazariy va amaliy jihatdan muhim bo‘lib, tilshunoslikda qiziqarli mavzu hisoblanadi. Kalit so’zlar: Olmoshlar, Grammatik o‘xshashliklar, Farqlar, Shaxs olmoshlari, Ko‘rsatish olmoshlari. Pronouns are a main part of language structure, serving as substitutes for nouns in both English and Uzbek. While both languages share common features in the types and functions of pronouns, such as personal, demonstrative, and interrogative pronouns, there are also notable INTERNATIONAL SCIENTIFIC AND PRACTICAL CONFERENCE “INTEGRATION OF MODERN LINGUISTICS WITH SCIENCE, EDUCATION, AND PRACTICE IN THE PROCESS OF GLOBALIZATION: NEW APPROACHES, OPPORTUNITIES, AND CHALLENGES”, DECEMBER 4, 2025 37 differences. English employs gender-specific pronouns (e.g., he, she), which are absent in Uzbek, making Uzbek pronouns more neutral. Furthermore, grammatical structures in Uzbek allow for greater simplicity, with fewer variations compared to the more complex forms of English pronouns. This comparative analysis aims to highlight these differences and similarities, offering insights into the linguistic characteristics of both languages, which are beneficial for language learners and researchers in the field of linguistics. Comparison of Pronouns in English and Uzbek 1. Personal Pronouns English: I, you, he, she, it, we, they, Uzbek: Men, Sen/Siz, U, Biz, Ular Difference: English pronouns differentiate between gender (he/she), while Uzbek uses u for both genders (he/she). 1 She is my friend. 2 U mening do‘stim. 3.Interrogative Pronouns English: Who, What, Which Uzbek: Kim, Nima, Qaysi Difference: Both languages use similar interrogative pronouns, but the English "which" is often more specific in context 3 . For example: What is that? , Uzbek: Bu nima? 4. Possessive Pronouns English: My, Your, His, Her, Its, Our, Their Uzbek: Mening, Sening/Sizning, Uning, Bizning, Ularning 4 Difference: English uses gender-specific possessive pronouns, while Uzbek uses uning for two genders. Example: This is his book. Uzbek: Bu uning kitobi. In conclusion, while English and Uzbek pronouns serve the same fundamental grammatical functions, they differ in key areas such as gender differentiation and grammatical complexity. English uses gender-specific pronouns, whereas Uzbek simplifies this with a single pronoun for both genders. Additionally, English has more distinct forms for singular and plural, while Uzbek often uses fewer variations. Despite these differences, both languages use pronouns to replace nouns and streamline communication, making them essential components of their respective grammar systems. 1 Grammatikov V. V. Pronominal Systems in Indo-European Languages. St. Petersburg: Nauka Press, 2012. p134 2 . Janda L. A. & Tuggy D. What do the “he” and “she” pronouns really mean? A crosslinguistic perspective on gender distinctions in language. Journal of Pragmatics,2000. p32(7), 1041–1060. 3 Miller C. M. English Pronouns and Their Grammatical Functions. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2003. 4 O‘rniyozov M. O‘zbek tili grammatikasi. Tashkent.: “O‘qituvchi Publishing”, 1994. INTERNATIONAL SCIENTIFIC AND PRACTICAL CONFERENCE “INTEGRATION OF MODERN LINGUISTICS WITH SCIENCE, EDUCATION, AND PRACTICE IN THE PROCESS OF GLOBALIZATION: NEW APPROACHES, OPPORTUNITIES, AND CHALLENGES”, DECEMBER 4, 2025 38 REFERENCES 1. Grammatikov V. V. Pronominal Systems in Indo-European Languages. St. Petersburg.: “Nauka Press”, 2012. 2. Janda L. A. & Tuggy D. What do the “he” and “she” pronouns really mean? A crosslinguistic perspective on gender distinctions in language: Journal of Pragmatics, 2000, 32(7), 1041–1060. 3. Miller C. M. English Pronouns and Their Grammatical Functions. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2003. 4. O‘rniyozov M. O‘zbek tili grammatikasi. T.: “O‘qituvchi Publishing”, 1994.