A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF ADVERB FORMATION IN ENGLISH AND UZBEK

INTERNATIONAL SCIENTIFIC AND PRACTICAL CONFERENCE “INTEGRATION OF MODERN LINGUISTICS WITH SCIENCE, EDUCATION, AND PRACTICE IN THE PROCESS OF GLOBALIZATION: NEW APPROACHES, OPPORTUNITIES, AND CHALLENGES”, DECEMBER 4, 2025 149 A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF ADVERB FORMATION IN ENGLISH AND UZBEK 1Sh. O. Komilova, 1M. M. Ochilova,1 Sh. Sh. Namozova, 1Z. F. Sayfullayeva, 1N. T. Rustamova, 2D. U. Islomova 1student, Navoi State University, 1teacher, Navoi State University https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.17801826 Annotation. the matter of adverb in English and Uzbek languages is always the major topic of discussion because we can see stark difference in the theme about adverbs in English and Uzbek languages. This article will elaborate different aspects of adverbs in both languages including their formation, position in a sentence and so on. Through doing this research about comparison and contrast of adverb in English and Uzbek language, we will go deeper inside about the topic of adverbs, and we can easily recognize differences and similarities of Uzbek and English adverbs. Key words: adverb, formation, position, adverbs of degree, intensifiers Аннотация. Вопрос наречий в английском и узбекском языках всегда является основной темой обсуждения, поскольку мы видим резкое различие в теме наречий в английском и узбекском языках. В этой статье будут рассмотрены различные аспекты наречий в обоих языках, включая их образование, положение в предложении и так далее. Проведя это исследование по сравнению и контрасту наречий в английском и узбекском языках, мы углубимся в тему наречий и сможем легко распознать различия и сходства узбекских и английских наречий. Ключевые слова: наречие, образование, позиция, наречия степени, усилители. Annotatsiya. Ingliz va oʻzbek tillaridagi ravishlar masalasi doimo muhokama qilinadigan asosiy mavzu boʻlib qoladi, chunki biz ingliz va oʻzbek tillaridagi ravishlar mavzusida keskin farqni koʻrishimiz mumkin. Ushbu maqolada ikkala tildagi ravishlarning turli jihatlari, jumladan, ularning shakllanishi, gapdagi o'rni va boshqalar ko'rib chiqiladi. Ingliz va o‘zbek tillaridagi ravishlarning qiyoslanishi va qarama-qarshiligi bo‘yicha ushbu tadqiqotni amalga oshirish orqali biz ravishlar mavzusiga chuqurroq kirib boramiz va o‘zbek va ingliz tilidagi ravishlarning farq va o‘xshash tomonlarini osongina aniqlashimiz mumkin. Kalit so‘zlar: ravish, yasalish, o‘rin, daraja qo‘shimchalari, kuchaytiruvchilar In recent years, it seems that role of grammar is loosing its significance in learning language. However, linguistics believe that grammar should keep its importance in that learning process. We are not exception from it, meaning that grammar is an integral part of language learning. It can come in handy to improve not only writing skills, but also speaking skills. However, learners are confronting different problems in the learning process due to some different aspects between English language and Uzbek language. In this article we will discuss some problematic aspects especially adverb, its similarities and differences in English and Uzbek languages. The adverb is separated into a special part of speech because of the following facts: 1. Meaning: they express the degree of a property, property of an action, circumstances under which an action takes place. INTERNATIONAL SCIENTIFIC AND PRACTICAL CONFERENCE “INTEGRATION OF MODERN LINGUISTICS WITH SCIENCE, EDUCATION, AND PRACTICE IN THE PROCESS OF GLOBALIZATION: NEW APPROACHES, OPPORTUNITIES, AND CHALLENGES”, DECEMBER 4, 2025 150 2. Form: they have the degrees of comparison. 3. Stem-building elements: - ly, -ways, -wards, ... 4. Combinability: bilateral combinability with verbs, adjectives, adverbs, less regularly with adlinks: e.g. He was hard asleep. 5. Function: Adverbial modifiers. 1 When compare adverbs in Uzbek and English languages, we can see both similarities and stark differences between them. According to similarities, in both languages adverbs modifies verbs with describing manner, frequency, time and place, degree, quantity and so on. Furthermore, in modern linguistics adverbs are also studied in terms of their semantic subgroups such as temporal, spatial, modal, evaluative and quantitative adverbs. Many contemporary researchers classify adverbs according to their syntactic mobility and their ability to modify not only verbs, but also whole clauses. For example, sentence adverbs like fortunately, apparently, indeed function differently from manner adverbs such as slowly, carefully. In Uzbek, similar differences exist— for example, aftidan, balki, go‘yo can modify the speaker’s attitude rather than the action itself. This demonstrates that both languages show a wide functional spectrum of adverbs. You know exactly how to live within those expectations. 2 To‘ybeka nari-beri oshini yeb tashqarig‘a chiqib ketdi. 3 Another notable similarity is that in both languages adverbs can shift the tone or emphasis of a sentence. For instance, adding an adverb of degree may drastically change meaning: “He is tired” versus “He is extremely tired.” Likewise in Uzbek: “U charchagan” vs “U juda charchagan.” This shows that adverbs are essential for emotional and expressive coloring in both languages When it comes to differences, we can see clear distinct features in formation of adverbs in English and Uzbek languages. In English language, we form a lot of adverbs by adding -ly to an adjective ( e.g. ably, busily, calmly, oddly, probably, usually) 4 However, in Uzbek language, adverbs can be formed with a help of multiple affixes, including -cha; -dek; -larcha; -chasiga (boshqacha,o’qdek, mardlarcha, askarlarcha) and so on. 5 In addition, English has a more limited set of derivational suffixes compared to Uzbek. Because Uzbek is an agglutinative language, its derivational possibilities are richer and more flexible. Some adverbs are even formed through reduplication, such as asta-sekin, birdan-bir, tepa-to‘ppa, which has no equivalent productive mechanism in English. This feature makes Uzbek adverbs more varied in structure. We divide adverbs of degree into 'intensifiers' ( e.g.extremely, very, really, so),which make adjectives and other adverbs stronger. Intensifiers: We are very hungry. I am totally confused 6 On the other hand, we can not observe this kind of phenomenon coming adverbs with adjectives in Uzbek language. 1 Irisqulov A.T.Threoretical grammar of English T: “Nashriyot” , 2006.p35p 2 Sarah Hays Coomer. The habit trip T: ”Running Press”, 2020. P19p 3 A. Qodiriy. O’tgan kunlar T: “Ilm-ziyo-zakovat” Toshkent, 2019. P35p 4 Martin Parrott. Grammar for English language teachers T: “Cambridge University Press” , 2000. P62p 5 Erkaboyeva. N. O’zbek tilidan ma’ruzalar to’plami. T: “Lesson Press” Toshkent, 2017. P347p. 6 Martin Parrott. Grammar for English language teachers T: “Cambridge University Press” , 2000. P69p INTERNATIONAL SCIENTIFIC AND PRACTICAL CONFERENCE “INTEGRATION OF MODERN LINGUISTICS WITH SCIENCE, EDUCATION, AND PRACTICE IN THE PROCESS OF GLOBALIZATION: NEW APPROACHES, OPPORTUNITIES, AND CHALLENGES”, DECEMBER 4, 2025 151 Uzbek tends to use lexical intensifiers rather than derivational ones. Moreover, English intensifiers have developed complex pragmatic uses, such as softening criticism (“This is quite interesting”) or strengthening persuasion (“You definitely need to see this”). Uzbek intensifiers, though functional, usually have more straightforward meanings. We should admit that grammar of English and Uzbek languages are different from each other due to mentioned problems which were analyzed above. In spite of the fact that we can find some similarities according to morphological function of adverbs in both languages. Overall, the comparison clearly demonstrates that while adverbs in both languages serve similar communicative purposes, their structural, morphological and syntactic realizations differ significantly. Understanding these features not only helps language teachers and learners avoid common errors, but also contributes to cross-linguistic studies and translation practices. Thus, the study of adverbs remains relevant for modern linguistics and language education. REFERENCES 1. A. Qodiriy. O’tgan kunlar T: “Ilm-ziyo-zakovat” Toshkent, 2019. 428p 2. Erkaboyeva. N. O’zbek tilidan ma’ruzalar to’plami. T: “Lesson Press” Toshkent, 2017. 542p. 3. Irisqulov A.T.Threoretical grammar of English T: “Nashriyot” , 2006. 64p 4. Martin Parrott. Grammar for English language teachers T: “Cambridge University Press” , 2000. 470p 5. Sarah Hays Coomer. The habit trip T: ”Running Press”, 2020. 238p