Open Science Ecosystem at the University of Chile: a long and winding road

Rafael Castillo Guerrero Cristián Calabrano Torres November 3, 2025 Open Science Ecosystem at the Univers ity of Chile: a long and winding road LISA 10 - Library and Information Services in Astronomy, November 3-7, 2025 Introduction 01 02 Let's talk in Open Science language 03 04 •What is Open Science? •International statements •History •FAIR principles •Data steward •Open review Conclusions •Future prospects •Open knowledge Open science ecosystem at UCHILE •Open Science Ecosystem •Strategies implemented •Challenges •Pre-print •Citizen science Agenda Introduction 01 •What is Open Science? •International statements •His tory Foto de Enis Can Ceyhan en Unsplash What is Open Science? ●Scientific knowledge (publications, data, and methodologies) is a global public good, accessible to all people, regardless of their location, identity, or economic capacity. ●It seeks to overcome barriers such as paywalls and limited opportunities for public review. ●Shared infrastructures, international cooperation, and public policies are formed to facilitate open access . ●Science is understood as part of a planetary network of knowledge creation. International statements ●Budapest (2002): First international declaration defining open access. It proposes that scientific articles be available online, free of charge and with the possibility of reuse. It was the basis for the global movement for the democratization of knowledge. ●Berlin (2003): Extends the concept of open access to all types of scientific knowledge, including data, projects, and multimedia. It invites institutions to commit to active policies such as the creation of institutional repositories. International statements ●UNESCO Recommendations (2021): A global declaration adopted by member states to promote inclusive, equitable, and open science. It establishes ethical principles and international cooperation and recognizes the value of indigenous and local knowledge. ●Barcelona (2024): Emphasizes a structural transformation of the science and technology system towards a more open model, focused on the common good. It proposes redesigning research evaluation mechanisms and valuing collaboration, social impact, and openness. Relevant for promoting the recognition of projects that address social and territorial issues with public impact, beyond the impact factor. https://ve.scielo.org/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1316 -00872006000100003 The Evolution of Open Science: Key Milestones Launch of arXiv and BioMed Central Foundation of the Center for Open Science Scientific Revolution and creation of scientific societies 201 3 1991– 1999 Centuries XVI–XVII Institutional and regulatory policies (EU, UNESCO) 166 5 2002– 2003 2010s– 2020s Firs t form a l s cie ntific journa ls (Roya l Socie ty) Key statements: BOAI, Be rlin, a nd Bethesda 2024 Launch of the Barcelona De cla ra tion Ba rce lona 2025 Coordination of im pleme nta tion through office and groups 02 Let's talk in Open Science language •FAIR principles •Data steward •Open review •Pre-print • Citizen science FAIR principles F A I R 2 3 41 Data and metadata must be identifia ble and ava ila ble online. The data must be a va ila ble online and must be acces s ible without res trictions . Data and metadata must be structured in such a way that they are compatible. Data and metadata must be a va ila ble under a free licens e. ReusableFindable Accessible Interoperable Advantages: ●Ra pid dis s em ina tion of s cientific res ults . ●Greater access to research developments. Cha lle nges : ●Preprints have not been peer-reviewed, so their conclusions should be interpreted with caution. ●Some cases, such as the retracted article on hydroxychloroquine and COVID19 due to da ta errors , highlight the a s s ocia ted ris ks . Preprints and the Rapid Communication of Science Abadal, E. (2021). Ciencia abierta: un modelo con piezas por encajar . Arbor, 197 (799), a588. https://doi.org/10.3989/arbor.2021.799003 Citizen Science The concept of citizen science was coined in the 1990s by Alan Irwin in the United Kingdom and Rick Bonney in the United States, both with complementary approaches: Irwin emphasized the need for a science more attentive to society and open to citizen participation, while Bonney developed a practical model of participatory research at the Cornell Lab of Ornithology, encompassing everything from defining research objectives to disseminating results. Abadal, E. (2021). Ciencia abierta: un modelo con piezas por encajar . Arbor, 197 (799), a588. https://doi.org/10.3989/arbor.2021.799003 Citizen Science The European Commission has actively promoted citizen science as a tool to bring science closer to society, defining it as the public’s participation in scientific research through intellectual contributions, knowledge, or resources (Socientize, 2014). Participation Models (Follet & Strezov, 2015): ●Contributory: citizens collect da ta . ●Colla bora tive: citizens pa rticipa te in da ta a na lys is or the dis s em ina tion of results. ●Co-crea ted: citizens a re involved in a ll s ta ges of the project. Abadal, E. (2021). Ciencia abierta: un modelo con piezas por encajar . Arbor, 197 (799), a588. https://doi.org/10.3989/arbor.2021.799003 Citizen Science ●Organizations such as the Citizen Science Association (2013) and the European Citizen Science Association (2015)* have strengthened the movement by establishing the “10 Principles of Citizen Science” which guide best practices and the relationship between citizens and the scientific community. ●Together, citizen science represents a key pillar of open science, as it directly connects research with society, promoting collaboration, the democratization of knowledge, and the breaking down of traditional academic barriers. (*) https://zenodo.org/records/5127534#.YR98rkBCRhE Abadal, E. (2021). Ciencia abierta: un modelo con piezas por encajar . Arbor, 197 (799), a588. https://doi.org/10.3989/arbor.2021.799003 03 Open science ecosystem at UCHILE • Open Science Ecosystem • Implemented Strategies • Challenges Open Science Ecosystem at the Universidad de Chile Open Science Regulation -Universidad de Chile (2023) Institutional document that defines the principles, obligations, and technical support for the implementation of Open Science: ●Prom otes the depos it of publica tions in the ins titutiona l repos itory. ●Recognizes the need for technical infrastructure and institutional support. ●Establishes protection measures for sensitive data and respect for cultural contexts. Provides regulatory backing for the responsible openness of research involving communities or addressing social issues. Participatory Methodology: “Concept Map Dynamics” General Education Course (CFG): “Open Science: Critical Analysis of Public Data Using Open-Source Software” (2nd Semester, 2025) ●Introduction to Open Science and Citizen Science. ●Collection and prepa ra tion of public da ta . ●Ana lys is a nd vis ua liza tion us ing open-source software. ●Ethica l cons idera tions a nd s ocia l res pons ibility. Participants: 25 undergraduate students. Practical approach: Hands-on exercis es with public da ta and decis ion-m a king on data openness and licensing according to each case. Participatory Methodology: “Concept Map Dynamics” The implemented methodology was based on a participatory dynamic that involved the random distribution of cards to students in both courses, each containing a key concept of Open Science —such as usage licenses, FAIR principles, ethics committees, open access, or peer review, among others. From the assigned term, each student was asked to share their own understanding or definition , thus creating a collective dialogue space in which prior knowledge, perceptions, certain biases, and different interpretations about the foundations of Open Science emerged. 4. Community and Governance Social Innovation: Open Science is not only technological but also cultural. ●Create Open Science ambassadors or mentors in each faculty through the libra ry s ys tem . ●Promote workshops on data management plans, res ea rch da ta publica tion, open peer review, and citizen science. ●Encourage research teams to incorporate elements of co-crea tion or citizen pa rticipa tion. ●Develop ins titutiona l policies tha t recognize thes e pra ctices in a ca demic evaluation and strengthen data governance at the Universidad de Chile. 5. Evaluation and Impact Innovation also means measuring change. Implement an institutional Open Science dashboard to visualize the evolution of data openness, use of preprints, international collaboration, and more. Develop the UCHILE Open Science Index, featuring indicators that reflect social impact, collaboration, and the reuse of scientific production. This information would be drawn from publications, research projects funded by national and international institutions, and research datasets. Thank you Ra fa el Ca s tillo Guerrero Cristián Calabrano Torres November 3, 2025 LISA 10 - Library and Information Services in Astronomy, November 3-7, 2025