THE IMPORTANCE OF GEOLOCATION SYSTEMS IN RAPID IDENTIFICATION AND POSITIONING OF EMPLOYEES DURING EMERGENCY SITUATIONS

Z AMONAVIY TA'LIMDA FAN VA INNOVATSION TADQIQOTLAR http://zamtadqiqot.uz/index.php/ZTFITJ/index 3-son 16–to’plam 2025 y. 274 UDK 331.45, 004.7 THE IMPORTANCE OF GEOLOCATION SYSTEMS IN RAPID IDENTIFICATION AND POSITIONING OF EMPLOYEES DURING EMERGENCY SITUATIONS D.O.Nizamova Associate Professor of the Department of "LS" TashSTU Sh.J.Urozkulova N.S.Bayirova group 25-22 Department of "LS" TashSTU Abstract: This article scientifically analyzes the role of geolocation systems in ensuring rapid identification and precise localization of employees during emergency situations. Industrial incidents such as fires, explosions, gas leaks, and technical failures pose serious risks to human life. In such conditions, real-time location tracking of personnel is essential for coordinating rescue operations and ensuring safe evacuation. The study examines the technical capabilities, advantages, limitations, and integrated application efficiency of RFID, GPS, and BLE beacon technologies. Furthermore, the prospects for implementing such systems in the industrial sectors of Uzbekistan are evaluated. Keywords: geolocation, RFID, GPS, BLE beacon, technical safety, emergency situations, occupational safety. Аннотация В данной статье проводится научный анализ роли геолокационных систем в оперативном определении местоположения работников и обеспечении их безопасной эвакуации в чрезвычайных ситуациях. Пожары, взрывы, утечки газа и технические неисправности представляют серьёзную угрозу для жизни человека. В таких условиях определение местоположения сотрудников в Z AMONAVIY TA'LIMDA FAN VA INNOVATSION TADQIQOTLAR http://zamtadqiqot.uz/index.php/ZTFITJ/index 3-son 16–to’plam 2025 y. 275 режиме реального времени имеет важное значение для координации спасательных работ. В исследовании рассмотрены технические возможности, преимущества, ограничения и эффективность интегрированного применения технологий RFID, GPS и BLE beacon. Также анализируются перспективы внедрения таких систем в промышленные предприятия Узбекистана. Ключевые слова: геолокация, RFID, GPS, BLE beacon, техническая безопасность, чрезвычайные ситуации, охрана труда. Annotatsiya Ushbu maqolada favqulodda holatlar vaqtida xodimlarning joylashuvini tezkor aniqlash va ularni xavfsiz evakuatsiya qilish jarayonida geolokatsion tizimlarning ahamiyati ilmiy asosda tahlil qilinadi. Yong‘in, portlash, gaz sizib chiqishi va texnik nosozliklar kabi xavfli vaziyatlar inson hayoti uchun jiddiy tahdid tug‘diradi. Bunday sharoitlarda xodimlarning real vaqt rejimidagi joylashuvini aniqlash qutqaruv ishlarini muvofiqlashtirish uchun muhim hisoblanadi. Maqolada RFID, GPS va BLE beacon texnologiyalarining texnik imkoniyatlari, afzalliklari, cheklovlari hamda integratsiyalashgan qo‘llanish samaradorligi o‘rganiladi. Shuningdek, ushbu tizimlarni O‘zbekiston sanoat korxonalariga tatbiq etish istiqbollari tahlil qilinadi. Kalit so‘zlar: geolokatsiya, RFID, GPS, BLE beacon, texnik xavfsizlik, favqulodda holatlar, mehnat muhofazasi. Introduction Today, occupational safety and technical security have become an integral part of industrial processes. Reducing human error, minimizing workplace hazards, and ensuring rapid response during emergencies require the use of advanced technical tools and digital systems. Hazardous situations such as fires, explosions, electrical failures, gas or chemical leaks in industrial environments pose serious threats to employees’ lives. For this reason, implementing geolocation systems that allow realtime monitoring of employee movements has become a critical requirement. Geolocation technologies enable tracking employee movement, detecting their Z AMONAVIY TA'LIMDA FAN VA INNOVATSION TADQIQOTLAR http://zamtadqiqot.uz/index.php/ZTFITJ/index 3-son 16–to’plam 2025 y. 276 presence in hazardous zones, and determining their exact position during emergency situations. This, in turn, facilitates rapid organization of rescue operations, proper designation of evacuation routes, and precise guidance for safety personnel. In sectors such as energy, mining, metallurgy, and chemical production, every second is crucial. In such environments, systems capable of monitoring employee location and safety status serve as one of the most reliable tools for protecting human life. In recent years, the industrial sectors of Uzbekistan have also accelerated the adoption of digital technologies. The “Digital Uzbekistan – 2030” strategy emphasizes the automation of industrial processes, the integration of safety systems into intelligent platforms, and the use of artificial intelligence in occupational safety. Geolocation systems are considered an essential component of this strategy, as they allow real-time management of safety within production facilities. Geolocation technologies represent not only location-tracking tools but also integrated solutions used to automate an entire safety infrastructure. Through these technologies, it is possible to control access to hazardous zones, assess risk levels, activate alarm systems, and optimize evacuation plans. Therefore, in modern industrial enterprises, these technologies are regarded as an indispensable element of occupational safety management. Literature Review International research in this field widely highlights the role of geolocation systems in enhancing industrial safety. The ISO 45001:2018 international standard recommends the implementation of technological monitoring and risk-identification mechanisms within occupational safety management systems [1]. Park and Kim demonstrated in their study that monitoring employee location using RFID technology reduces evacuation time and minimizes human casualties [2]. Studies by Nguyen showed that BLE beacon technology provides high accuracy in indoor environments, making it an effective solution for manufacturing workshops [3]. According to Smith, GPS-based systems operate efficiently in open areas but require integration with additional sensors to compensate for signal loss in enclosed spaces Z AMONAVIY TA'LIMDA FAN VA INNOVATSION TADQIQOTLAR http://zamtadqiqot.uz/index.php/ZTFITJ/index 3-son 16–to’plam 2025 y. 277 [4]. Xu and Zhao developed an integrated RFID-GPS hybrid system that achieved up to 95% tracking accuracy by combining the strengths of both technologies [6]. According to the Labour Code of the Republic of Uzbekistan and the Regulation on Emergency Response Actions [5], [9], the protection of employees, identification of their location, and rapid organization of rescue operations are defined as priority directions of state policy. Practical reports from the Occupational Safety Department of Almalyk Mining and Metallurgical Complex JSC [7] confirm the necessity of using geolocation systems in industrial processes. Li’s recent research highlights the importance of IoT-based intelligent safety systems, demonstrating that sensor networks enhance not only safety but also production efficiency by monitoring employee conditions and location [10]. The literature review indicates that geolocation technologies have become critical components of industrial safety systems. However, many studies do not fully address their adaptability to local production conditions, energy efficiency, or economic aspects. Therefore, this article provides an in-depth analysis of the technical and practical effectiveness of these systems in the context of Uzbekistan’s industrial environment. Methodology The study examined the technical capabilities of geolocation systems, their effectiveness in industrial settings, and the speed at which they identify employees during emergency situations. Comparative analysis, observational methods, and experimental model analysis were used. RFID, GPS, and BLE beacon technologies were selected as the primary objects of analysis. Each technology was evaluated based on accuracy, signal range, energy consumption, maintenance convenience, and economic efficiency. International standards such as ISO 45001:2018, IEEE Access studies, and the requirements of the Labour Code of Uzbekistan served as foundational sources. Additionally, practical cases were analyzed using data provided by the Occupational Safety Department of Almalyk Mining and Metallurgical Complex JSC. Methodologically, the effectiveness of geolocation Z AMONAVIY TA'LIMDA FAN VA INNOVATSION TADQIQOTLAR http://zamtadqiqot.uz/index.php/ZTFITJ/index 3-son 16–to’plam 2025 y. 278 systems was assessed according to their accuracy, latency, signal stability, and power efficiency. Analysis and Discussion RFID technology is considered one of the most reliable systems for identifying employee location. Each worker carries a tag that transmits radio-frequency signals, allowing the central system to determine the employee’s location in real time. According to research findings, RFID systems reduce unauthorized entry into hazardous zones in large workshops by up to 85%. They are easy to install and require relatively low maintenance costs. GPS systems are most effective in open industrial spaces such as construction sites, mining areas, or large energy facilities. They determine coordinates via satellites and transmit them to a central system. However, signal loss may occur in enclosed environments, making it necessary to integrate GPS with BLE or RFID systems. BLE beacon technolo⁓⁓gy offers the highest accuracy in indoor environments. Using Bluetooth signals, each beacon can detect employees within a radius of up to 10 meters. BLE systems consume little power, provide stable signals, and are easy to install. Studies show that BLE systems can achieve up to 97% accuracy in tracking employee locations inside workshops. Table 1. Comparison of RFID, GPS, and BLE Beacon Technologies. Technol ogy Accur acy Rang e Powe r Consumpt ion Indoor/ Out Not es RFID High (⁓85%) Medi um Low Indoor Eas y installati on, costeffective Z AMONAVIY TA'LIMDA FAN VA INNOVATSION TADQIQOTLAR http://zamtadqiqot.uz/index.php/ZTFITJ/index 3-son 16–to’plam 2025 y. 279 GPS Mediu m-High Very Large Medi um Outdoor Nee d hybrid system indoors BLE Beacon Very High (⁓97%) 10 m Very Low Indoor Sta ble signal, easy to deploy Implementing such systems in Uzbekistan significantly increases workplace safety. For example, the introduction of RFID-based monitoring at Almalyk Mining and Metallurgical Complex JSC reduced evacuation time by 35%. This demonstrates the necessity of integrating geolocation technologies into occupational safety policies. Furthermore, the analysis shows that integrating geolocation systems with artificial intelligence and IoT platforms further enhances their effectiveness. AI can predict employee movement patterns, automatically detect crowding in hazardous zones, and activate warning alerts. This shifts industrial safety into an automated and intelligent ecosystem. Conclusion. Rapid identification of employee locations during emergency situations is a crucial element of occupational safety. The integrated use of RFID, GPS, and BLE beacon technologies can significantly improve safety levels in industrial enterprises. These systems enable real-time monitoring, automate evacuation processes, and reduce human errors. Gradual implementation of these technologies in industrial enterprises across Uzbekistan will elevate workplace safety to international standards. References Z AMONAVIY TA'LIMDA FAN VA INNOVATSION TADQIQOTLAR http://zamtadqiqot.uz/index.php/ZTFITJ/index 3-son 16–to’plam 2025 y. 280 1. ISO 45001:2018. Occupational Health and Safety Management Systems — Requirements with Guidance for Use. — Geneva: International Organization for Standardization, 2018. — 43 p. 2. Park J., Kim H. Implementation of RFID-Based Worker Tracking System in Industrial Plants // Safety Science Journal. — 2021. — Vol. 135. — P. 105–118. 3. Nguyen T. Application of BLE Beacons in Industrial Safety Monitoring // Journal of Industrial Engineering. — 2020. — Vol. 48, №3. — P. 212–224. 4. Smith L. GPS-Based Emergency Response Systems in Manufacturing // Automation Today. — 2022. — Vol. 19, №4. — P. 55–67. 5. O‘zbekiston Respublikasi Mehnat kodeksi. — Toshkent: Adolat nashriyoti, 2023. — 480 b. 6. Xu D., Zhao L. Hybrid Localization Methods Using RFID and GPS Integration // IEEE Access. — 2019. — Vol. 7. — P. 18612–18624. 7. Almalyk kon-metallurgiya kombinati AJ. Mehnat muhofazasi bo‘limi hisobotlari. — Almalyk, 2024. — 27 b. 8. Lee S. Indoor Positioning Using BLE Technology // Sensors and Systems Journal. — 2021. — Vol. 10, №2. — P. 91–103. 9. O‘zbekiston Respublikasi Favqulodda vaziyatlar vazirligi. Favqulodda vaziyatlarda harakatlar to‘g‘risidagi nizom. — Toshkent: FVV nashriyoti, 2023. — 36 b. 10. Li C. Intelligent Safety Monitoring Systems Based on IoT // International Journal of Smart Industry. — 2023. — Vol. 11, №1. — P. 15–29.