Data on soil and root arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal biomass and community composition as well as environmental parameters in response to long-term deficiencies of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in a managed grassland
Abstract
In this study, we evaluated how long-term nutrient deficiencies of phosphorus (P), nitrogen (N) and potassium (K) affects the abundance and community composition of AMF in a mountainous grassland. Besides, we investigated how the responses of AMF to those deficiencies were modulated by liming and the type of fertilizer addition (inorganic versus organic). We also assessed if the responses of AMF communities to long-term nutrient deficiencies and imbalances links to responses of plant communities and soil properties. Our study was carried out on a long-term nutrient deficiency experimental grassland site in Admont (Styria, Austria), established in 1946. Different fertilization treatments were applied for more than 70 years in a randomized block design, including numerous combinations of inorganic (P, N, K with/without lime) and organic (solid manure and liquid slurry) fertilizers. we collected both root and soil samples in July 2019 and measured AMF abundance in both soil and root samples by measuring 16:1ω5 neutral fatty acid (NLFA) biomarkers as well as AMF community composition by amplicon sequencing of the 18S rRNA genes. Moreover, the plant community composition was determined visually in 2015. The experimental plots were harvested in 2018 using a motorized bar mower and the green mass yield was determined directly in the field. A representative sample was then taken from each plot to determine the dry matter content. Additionally, we quantified edaphic factors such as pH, soil water content, N content, total dissolved nitrogen, dissolved organic N, ammonium, nitrate, total free amino acids, dissolved organic P, inorganic P, soil C content, dissolved organic C, soil N:P, and soil microbial C, N and P.
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Readme This readme file was generated on 2024-09-13 by Kian Jenab Corresponding author: Christina Kaiser (christi[email protected]) General The experiment was conducted in July 2019, soil and root samples were collected in a a longterm (> 70 years) nutrient deficiency experiment in a managed grassland located in Admont, Admont, Austria (47° 34’ 58’’ N, 14° 27’ 02’’ E; 635 m a.s.l.). We evaluated how Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal (AMF) communities respond to long-term deficiencies of phosphorus (P), nitrogen (N), and potassium (K). Different fertilization treatments were applied for more than 70 years in a randomized block design, including numerous combinations of inorganic (P, N, K with/without lime) and organic (solid manure and liquid slurry) fertilizers. We measured AMF abundance in both soil and root samples by measuring 16:1ω5 neutral fatty acid (NLFA) biomarkers as well as AMF community composition by amplicon sequencing of the 18S rRNA genes. Moreover, the plant community composition was determined visually in 2015. The experimental plots were harvested in 2018 using a motorized bar mower and the green mass yield was determined directly in the field. A representative sample was then taken from each plot to determine the dry matter content. Additionally, we quantified edaphic factors such as pH, soil water content, N content, total dissolved nitrogen, dissolved organic N, ammonium, nitrate, total free amino acids, dissolved organic P, inorganic P, soil C content, dissolved organic C, soil N:P, and soil microbial C, N and P. This work has been supported by the European Research Council under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant agreement No 819446 to CK) and by the Austrian Science Fund, Cluster of Excellence COE7. Research Council (ERC) under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation program The dataset contains four files: • Masterfile.csv • RelativeAbundance_AMF_Soil_RNA.csv • RelativeAbundance_AMF_Soil_DNA.csv • RelativeAbundance_AMF_Root_DNA.csv Masterfile.csv
Contains data on soil and root AMF abundance, community composition (CA1 values), plant community composition (CA1 values), dry matter content of harvested plant per square meter (kg square meter-1), collected dry root biomass from soil samples (g) and different edaphic factors. Variables: Sample: unique identifier for each plot, numbers show different treatments and the letters (a,b,c, and d) indicate each replicate Fertilization_type: types of fertilization including inorganic fertilization (fertilized with different combinations of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium), lime (lime was added) and organic fertilization (fertilized with solid manure and/or liquid slurry) Phosphorus: phosphorus fertilized or deficient plots Nitrogen: nitrogen fertilized or deficient plots Potassium: potassium fertilized or deficient plots Treatment: different fertilization treatments containing inorganic fertilization (fertilized with different combinations of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium), lime and organic fertilization (fertilized with solid manure and/or liquid slurry) Soil_AMF_biomass: AMF biomass quantified 16:1ω5 neutral fatty acid (NLFA) biomarkers in soil Root_AMF_biomass: AMF biomass quantified 16:1ω5 neutral fatty acid (NLFA) biomarkers in roots Soil_AMF_community_composition_CA1: The CA1 scores, derived from correspondence analysis (CA), served as indicators of soil AMF community composition Root_AMF_community_composition_CA1: The CA1 scores, derived from correspondence analysis (CA), served as indicators of root AMF community composition Aboveground_plant_biomass: dry matter content of harvested plant per square meter (kg square meter-1) Aboveground_plant_community_composition_CA1: The CA1 scores, derived from correspondence analysis (CA), served as indicators of plant community composition pH: soil pH Soil_water_content: soil water content (%) Soil_N_content: soil total nitrogen content (%) Total_dissolved_N: soil total dissolved nitrogen (μg g-1 DW soil) Dissolved_organic_N: soil dissolved organic nitrogen (μg g-1 DW soil)
Ammonium: soil ammonium (μg g-1 DW soil) Nitrate: soil nitrate (μg g-1 DW soil) Total_free_amino_acid: soil total free amino acids (μg g-1 DW soil) Microbial_N: soil microbial nitrogen (μg g-1 DW soil) Dissolved_organic_P: soil dissolved organic phosphorus (μg g-1 DW soil) Inorganic_P: soil inorganic phosphorus (μg g-1 DW soil) Microbial_P: soil microbial phosphorus (μg g-1 DW soil) Soil_C_content: soil total carbon content (%) Dissolved_organic_C: soil dissolved organic carbon (μg g-1 DW soil) Microbial_C: soil microbial carbon (μg g-1 DW soil) N_P_ratio: soil N:P ratio Collected_dry_root: collected dry root biomass from soil samples (g) RelativeAbundance_AMF_Soil_RNA.csv Contains data on relative abundance of AMF genera quantified by RNA amplicon sequencing of the 18S rRNA genes in soil samples. Variables: Sample: unique identifier for each plot, numbers show different treatments and the letters (a,b,c, and d) indicate each replicate. Treatment: different fertilization treatments containing inorganic fertilization (fertilized with different combinations of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium), lime and organic fertilization (fertilized with solid manure and/or liquid slurry) Fertilization_type: types of fertilization including inorganic fertilization (fertilized with different combinations of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium), lime (lime was added) and organic fertilization (fertilized with solid manure and/or liquid slurry) And different AMF genera based on relative abundance RelativeAbundance_AMF_Soil_DNA.csv Contains data on the relative abundance of AMF genera quantified by DNA amplicon sequencing of the 18S rRNA genes in soil samples.
Variables: Sample: unique identifier for each plot, numbers show different treatments and the letters (a,b,c, and d) indicate each replicate Treatment: different fertilization treatments containing inorganic fertilization (fertilized with different combinations of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium), lime and organic fertilization (fertilized with solid manure and/or liquid slurry) Fertilization_type: types of fertilization including inorganic fertilization (fertilized with different combinations of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium), lime (lime was added) and organic fertilization (fertilized with solid manure and/or liquid slurry) And different AMF genera based on relative abundance RelativeAbundance_AMF_Root_DNA.csv Contains data on the relative abundance of AMF genera quantified by DNA amplicon sequencing of the 18S rRNA genes in root samples. Variables: Sample: unique identifier for each plot, numbers show different treatments and the letters (a,b,c, and d) indicate each replicate Treatment: different fertilization treatments containing inorganic fertilization (fertilized with different combinations of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium), lime and organic fertilization (fertilized with solid manure and/or liquid slurry) Fertilization_type: types of fertilization including inorganic fertilization (fertilized with different combinations of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium), lime (lime was added) and organic fertilization (fertilized with solid manure and/or liquid slurry) And different AMF genera based on relative abundance