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Data from Glacier Model Intercomparison Project Phase 3 (GlacierMIP3)

Schuster, Lilian; Zekollari, Harry; Maussion, Fabien; Hock, Regine; Marzeion, Ben; Rounce, David R.; Compagno, Loris; Fujita, Koji; Huss, Matthias; James, Megan; Kraaijenbrink, Philip D. A.; Lipscomb, William H.; Minallah, Samar; Oberrauch, Moritz; Van T

Abstract

This dataset presents the data from the third phase of GlacierMIP (GlacierMIP3: Equilibration of glaciers under different climate states). It includes regional glacier volume and area projections as submitted by the glacier modelling groups. Additionally, it features post-processed and aggregated data derived from GlacierMIP3, or in combination with other studies, which is used for the analyses and visualisations presented in the following manuscript: Zekollari*, H., Schuster*, L., Maussion, F., Hock, R., Marzeion, B., Rounce, D. R., Compagno, L., Fujita, K., Huss, M., James, M., Kraaijenbrink, P. D. A., Lipscomb, W. H., Minallah, S., Oberrauch, M., Van Tricht, L., Champollion, N., Edwards, T., Farinotti, D., Immerzeel, W., Leguy, G., Sakai, A: Glacier preservation doubled by limiting warming to 1.5°C versus 2.7°C, Science, https://doi.org/10.1126/science.adu4675, 2025.*Harry Zekollari and Lilian Schuster contributed equally to this dataset and the manuscript above.If you use the data, please cite this Zenodo dataset and the above study. More info in README_data.pdf. For information about the GlacierMIP3 experimental design, please refer to the GlacierMIP3_protocol.pdf. The code used to generate the postprocessed data and to conduct the analyses for the manuscript mentioned above is available at https://github.com/GlacierMIP/GlacierMIP3. To assist potential data users, we have included a jupyter notebook (gmip3_data_example_use_cases.ipynb) that guides you through some simple use cases. This notebook can be directly run when clicking on this link. Please note that you will need to log in to your Google account and, if you haven't already done so, install Google Colaboratory. The data will then be automatically downloaded to your account. We may adapt the data structure and improve the documentation during the review phase. If you have any questions or suggestions, please contact us ([email protected], [email protected]). ----difference version v2 to v1.0: only the files README_data.pdf and the lowess*_regional_glacier_temp_ch.csv were changed according to the resubmission of the manuscript

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README for " D ata from G lacier M odel I ntercomparison P roject P hase 3 ( G lacier MIP 3 )" doi : 10 . 5281 / zenodo . 14045268 T hi s d o c u men t prov ide s d a t a d o c u men t a t i o n f or t he G l a cie r M o del I n t e r c o m p a r i so n P ro jec t 3 ( G l a cie r M I P 3), w hich f o c us e s o n gl o b a l gl a cie r m a ss ch a nge e qu ilib r a t i o n e xp e r imen ts . G l a cie r M I P i s a f r a me wor k f or a c oor din a t ed in t e r c o m p a r i so n o f gl o b a l - s c a le gl a cie r m a ss ch a nge m o del s to f ost e r m o del im prov emen ts a nd r ed u ce u nce rt a in t ie s in gl o b a l gl a cie r pro jec t i o n s . I t i s ru nning a s a ' Ta r ge t ed A c t i v i ty ' u nde r t he a usp ice s o f t he C lim a t e a nd C ryosp he r e P ro jec t C li C , a c or e pro jec t o f t he W or ld C lim a t e R e s e a r ch P ro g r a mme ( W C RP ). F or de t a iled inf or m a t i o n a b out t he G l a cie r M I P 3 e xp e r imen t a l de s ign , p le a s e r efe r to t he G l a cie r M I P 3 proto c o l . If you are only interested in the data from Supplementary Table 1 or 3, you can directly go to the corresponding CSV files ( table_S1a.csv , table_S1b.csv , table_S3.csv ). T he d a t a s e t incl u de s t he r egi o n a l gl a cie r vo l u me a nd a r e a pro jec t i o n s a s su bmi tt ed b y t he gl a cie r m o delling g roups , enc a psu l a t ed in t he m a in file GMIP3_reg_glacier_model_data/glacierMIP3_Feb12_2024_models_all_rgi_regions_sum.nc . A ddi t i o n a ll y , i t fe a tur e s post - pro ce ss ed a nd a gg r eg a t ed d a t a de r i v ed f ro m G l a cie r M I P 3, or in c o mbin a t i o n w i t h ot he r stu die s , w hich i s us ed f or t he a n a l ys e s a nd v i su a li s a t i o n s pr e s en t ed in t he m a n us c r i pt . Z ek o ll a r i *, H ., S ch ust e r *, L ., Ma uss i o n , F ., H o ck , R ., Ma rz ei o n , B ., R ou nce , D . R ., C o m p a gn o , L ., F u ji t a , K ., H uss , M ., Ja me s , M ., K r aa ijenb r ink , P . D . A ., L i ps c o mb , W . H ., M in a ll a h , S ., O be rr a u ch , M ., Va n T r ich t , L ., C h a m po lli o n , N ., E d w a r d s , T ., F a r in ott i , D ., I mme rz eel , W ., L eg uy , G ., Sa k a i , A . ( u nde r r e v ie w ). G l a cie r pr e s e rv a t i o n d ou bled b y limi t ing w a r ming to 1.5° C ( h ttps :// d o i . or g /10.31223/ X 51 T 5 W ), 2024. * T he s e a ut h ors c o n tr ib ut ed e qu a ll y W hen us ing t hi s d a t a s e t , p le a s e ci t e b ot h t he Z en o d o d a t a s e t ( d o i : 10.5281/ z en o d o .14045268) a nd t he su bmi tt ed stu d y a b ov e . N ot e t h a t w e a r e c urr en t l y wor king o n a n ot he r pot en t i a l stu d y to a n a l ys e t he gl a cie r m o del diffe r ence s m or e t h orou ghl y . T o a ss i st pot en t i a l d a t a us e rs , w e h a v e incl u ded a j upyt e r n ot eb oo k ( gmip3_data_example_use_cases.ipynb ) t h a t g u ide s you t h rou gh so me s im p le us e c a s e s . T hi s n ot eb oo k c a n be di r ec t l y ru n w hen clicking o n t hi s link . P le a s e n ot e t h a t you w ill need to l o g in to your G oo gle a cc ou n t a nd , if you h a v en ' t a l r e a d y d o ne so , in st a ll G oo gle C o l a b or a tory . T he d a t a w ill t hen be a uto m a t ic a ll y d ow nl o a ded to your a cc ou n t . W e m a y a d a pt t he d a t a stru c tur e a nd im prov e t he d o c u men t a t i o n d ur ing t he r e v ie w p h a s e . I f you h a v e a n y qu e st i o n s or su gge st i o n s , p le a s e c o n t a c t us . P le a s e n ot e t h a t t he d a t a de s c r ibed i s o nl y a v a il a ble t h rou gh t he pu bli s hed Z en o d o d a t a s e t . T he c o de us ed to gene r a t e t he postpro ce ss ed d a t a a nd to c o nd u c t t he a n a l ys e s f or t he m a n us c r i pt men t i o ned a b ov e i s a v a il a ble a t h ttps :// gi t h u b . c o m / G l a cie r M I P / G l a cie r M I P 3. W e h a v e a l so r e t a ined t hi s R EAD M E _ d a t a in t he G i t H u b r e pos i tory f or r efe r ence . B el ow , you w ill find t he d o c u men t a t i o n f or t he diffe r en t indi v id u a l d a t a s e ts . GMIP 3 _ reg _ glacier _ model _ data / H e r e , t he r egi o n a ll y a gg r eg a t ed gl a cie r m o del pro jec t i o n s ( vo l u me a nd a r e a ) a r e gi v en in diffe r en t postpro ce ss ing st e ps ( e xp l a ined in M e t h o d s a nd S upp lemen t a ry D a t a Ta ble 2 o f Z ek o ll a r i , S ch ust e r e t a l ., su bmi tt ed ). A ll file s w i t hin t he GMIP3_reg_glacier_model_data f o lde r a r e ne t CDF file s w i t h d a t a f or vo l u me in m ³ ( volume_m3 ) a nd a r e a in m ² ( area_m2 ) w hich h a v e t he f o ll ow ing dimen s i o n s : Variable Dimension Description model_author 8 (10) O ne o f t he eigh t m o del a ut h ors f ro m t he li st : [' P y GE M - O GG M _ v 13', ' G l o GE M fl ow ', ' G l o GE M fl ow 3 D ', ' O GG M _ v 16', ' G L I M B ', ' K r aa ijenb r ink ', ' G O ', ' CI SM 2']. I n t he n o n - fin a l postpro ce ss ed file s , w e incl u ded two O GG M v a r i a n ts w hich w e migh t o nl y us e f or a m or e t echnic a l m o del in t e r c o m p a r i so n stu d y ( m or e in gmip3_data_example_use_cases.ipynb ) simulation_year 5001 S im u l a t i o n y e a r f ro m 0 to 5000 ( e st im a t e s m a y be NaN s a f t e r 2000) gcm 5 I S I M I P 3 b clim a t e m o del : [' gfdl - e s m 4', ' i ps l - cm 6 a - l r ', ' m p i - e s m 1-2h r ', ' m r i - e s m 2-0', ' u ke s m 1-0ll '] ( c orr e spo nding w a r ming le v el a v a il a ble in clim a t e _ in put _ d a t a /). period_scenario 16 O ne o f t he 16 clim a t e s cen a r i os ( c o mbining t ime p e r i o d s a nd s cen a r i os ): ['1851-1870_ hi st ', '19011920_ hi st ', '1951-1970_ hi st ', '1995-2014_ hi st ', '20212040_ ssp 126', '2021-2040_ ssp 370', '20212040_ ssp 585', '2041-2060_ ssp 126', '20412060_ ssp 370', '2041-2060_ ssp 585', '20612080_ ssp 126', '2061-2080_ ssp 370', '20612080_ ssp 585', '2081-2100_ ssp 126', '20812100_ ssp 370', '2081-2100_ ssp 585'] rgi_reg 19 O ne o f t he 19 R GI 6 r egi o n s , f ro m '01' to '19'. The following different regional glacier model projections are available (ordered from the least to the most postprocessed): GMIP3_reg_glacier_model_data/glacierMIP3_Feb12_2024_models_all_rgi_regions_sum.nc u n pro ce ss ed d a t a s e t w i t h t he " r a w " r egi o n a l file s su bmi tt ed b y t he gl a cie r m o del g roups . N ot us ed di r ec t l y in a n y o f t he c o mm u ni ty e st im a t e m a n us c r i pt a n a l ys e s , b ut o f m ost in t e r e st f or m o del c o m p a r i so n a n a l ys e s I m port a n t a ddi t i o n a l inf or m a t i o n f or O GG M : G l a cie rs t h a t c ou ld n ot be s im u l a t ed (" f a iling gl a cie rs " m a inl y bec a us e ru nning out o f t he d o m a in ) w e r e r e p l a ced b y me a n e st im a t e s ( vo l u me / a r e a ) f ro m gl a cie rs w i t h a s imil a r a r e a (" filling a ppro a ch "). H ow e v e r , a s a filling b ut n o di r ec t ups c a ling w a s a pp lied , r egi o n a l ini t i a l vo l u me s migh t s ligh t l y diffe r f ro m t he r egi o n a l vo l u me e st im a t e s o f F a r in ott i e t a l . 2019. S u b st a n t i a l diffe r ence s a r e o nl y f or clim a t e s cen a r i os ne a r pr eind ustr i a l t em p e r a tur e s in sp ecific r egi o n s ( I cel a nd ( R GI 06), a nd p a rt i a ll y A l a s k a ( R GI 01) a nd N e w Z e a l a nd ( R GI 18)). I m port a n t a ddi t i o n a l inf or m a t i o n f or P y GE M - O GG M _ v 13: F a iling gl a cie rs w e r e filled b y s c a ling t hei r ini t i a l vo l u me or a r e a b y t he n or m a li z ed r egi o n a l me a n v a l u e s o f a ll su cce ss f u l gl a cie rs . I n v e rs i o n p e r f or med f or e v e ry clim a t e d a t a s e t , so ini t i a l vo l u me m a y v a ry b y s im u l a t i o n f or t he s a me gl a cie r a nd t h us a l so v a r ie s w i t hin o ne R GI r egi o n . in t he fi rst m a n us c r i pt , t hi s file w a s o nl y us ed to c r e a t e t he ne xt d a t a s e t . GMIP3_reg_glacier_model_data/glacierMIP3_Feb12_2024_models_all_rgi_regions_sum_sc aled.nc s a me a s t he pr e v i ous file b ut vo l u me s c a led to m a t ch r egi o n a l F a r in ott i e t a l . (2019) m u l t i - m o del gl a cie r vo l u me e st im a t e a t t he beginning , a r e a s c a led to m a t ch t he R GI 6.0 a r e a a t t he beginning . S c a ling i s d o ne indi v id u a ll y f or e a ch clim a t e s cen a r i o a nd m o del t ime s e r ie s ( e xp e r imen t ). F or m ost e xp e r imen ts , s c a ling w a s n ot nece ss a ry a s m o del s a imed to m a t ch r egi o n a l vo l u me / a r e a a nd ups c a led a l r e a d y in t e r n a ll y o nl y us ed to e st im a t e t he n u mbe r o f y e a rs u n t il st e a d y st a t e i s r e a ched ( in A_community_estimate_paper_analysis/2b_find_equilibrium_steady_state_yr.i pynb f or S upp lemen t a ry F ig . S 8) a nd us ed to c r e a t e t he ne xt d a t a s e t GMIP3_reg_glacier_model_data/glacierMIP3_Feb12_2024_models_all_rgi_regions_sum_sc aled_extended_repeat_last_101yrs.nc s a me a s t he pr e v i ous file b ut w he r e nece ss a ry , t he e xp e r imen ts a r e e xt ended f ro m t he y e a r 2000 to t he y e a r 5000 us ed in so me n ot eb oo k s f or t he st e a d y - st a t e e st im a t e s ( n ot e t h a t t he st e a d y - st a t e e st im a t e s a r e t he s a me a s in t he bel ow - s hif t ed d a t a s e t ) GMIP3_reg_glacier_model_data/all_shifted_glacierMIP3_Feb12_2024_models_all_rgi_re gions_sum_scaled_extended_repeat_last_101yrs_via_5yravg.nc s a me a s t he pr e v i ous file , b ut t he t ime s e r ie s w e r e s hif t ed so t h a t t he ini t i a l st a t e o f t he ne w t ime s e r ie s m a t ch be tt e r t he gl a cie r m a ss e st im a t e o f t he y e a r 2020 area_m2 r em ov ed he r e , a s n ot a n a l ys ed in t he fi rst G l a cie r M I P 3 stu d y a ddi t i o n a l c oor din a t e : year_after_2020 : ne w c oor din a t e w hich de s c r ibe s t he " s im u l a t i o n y e a r " f ro m t he 2020 st a t e o n w a r d s - u ni t : y e a r he r e simulation_year i s t he ini t i a l s im u l a t i o n y e a r a s gi v en b y t he u n s hif t ed v e rs i o n ( a nd dimen s i o n ch a nged to year_after_2020 , s ee bel ow ) a ddi t i o n a l v a r i a ble s : volume_rel_2020_% : s c a led , e xt ended a nd t hen s hif t ed gl a cie r vo l u me / m a ss r el a t i v e to 2020 - u ni t : % yrs_w_most_similar_state_to_2020 : y e a r w i t h a gl a cie r vo l u me / m a ss s imil a r to t he e st im a t ed st a t e in 2020 - u ni t : y e a r temp_ch_ipcc : G l o b a l w a r ming a b ov e pr e - ind ustr i a l (1850-1900) f or t h a t e xp e r imen t , us ing t he I P CC A R 6 defini t i o n ( i . e . a ssu me +0.69° C be tw een 1850 a nd 1986-2005 - u ni t : ° C us ed f or t he LOW E SS fi ts l a t e r , b ut a l so to e st im a t e t he r e spo n s e t ime s c a le s , a nd a l so di r ec t l y f or e . g . F ig . 1,2; S upp lemen t a ry F ig . S 5, S 7 climate _ input _ data / Wa r ming a b ov e pr e - ind ustr i a l f or t he diffe r en t e xp e r imen ts ( ei t he r o n a gl o b a l me a n a v e r a ge or r egi o n a l ). Column Name Description gcm I S I M I P 3 b clim a t e m o del period_scenario O ne o f t he 16 clim a t e s cen a r i os ( c o mbining t ime p e r i o d s a nd s cen a r i os , e . g . 2041-2060_ssp126 ) region A gg r eg a t ed r egi o n ov e r w hich t he w a r ming w a s e st im a t ed . G l o b a l me a n a v e r a ge ( global ), gl o b a l gl a cie r - a r e a w eigh t ed me a n ( global_glacier ), r egi o n a l gl a cie r - a r e a w eigh t ed me a n ( e . g . RGI11_glacier ) temp_ch_ipcc_ar6_isimip3b d o e s n ot h a v e t hi s c o l u mn a s a ll en tr ie s a r e global temp_ch_ipcc G l o b a l w a r ming a b ov e pr e - ind ustr i a l (1850-1900) us ing t he I P CC A R 6 defini t i o n ( i . e . a ssu me +0.69° C be tw een 1850 a nd 19862005 - u ni t : ° C The following different CSV files are available: climate_input_data/temp_ch_ipcc_ar6_isimip3b.csv : o nl y t he gl o b a l me a n a v e r a ge w a r ming us ed in m ost fig ur e s a nd a n a l ys i s climate_input_data/temp_ch_ipcc_ar6_isimip3b_glacier_regionally.csv : a ll r egi o n s A tt en t i o n : H e r e w e a ssu me r egi o n a ll y e qu a ll y +0.69° C o f w a r ming be tw een 1850 a nd 1986 to 2005. F or t he w a r ming r a t i o c o m put a t i o n , s h ow n in e . g . F ig . 2 or F ig . 4, w e su b tr a c t t he 0.69° C a g a in to in st e a d j ust s h ow t he r egi o n a l w a r ming r a t i o to t he a c tu a l r egi o n a l 1986 to 2005 e st im a t e s . us ed e . g . f or S upp lemen t a ry F ig . S 2, a nd to c r e a t e 3_shift_summary_region_characteristics.csv LOWESS fits T he r el a t i v e gl a cie r m a ss ch a nge s w e r e LOW E SS fi tt ed w i t h t he r e sp ec t i v e t em p e r a tur e ch a nge s o f t he 80 clim a t e s cen a r i os . T he LOW E SS fi t r e su l ts , he r e gi v en in st e ps o f 0.05° C , a r e gi v en in t he lowess_fit_rel_2020*.csv file s f or diffe r en t v a r i a n ts . A ll lowess_fit_rel_2020*.csv file s h a v e t he f o ll ow ing c o l u mn s : Variable Description temp_ch Wa r ming le v el a b ov e pr e - ind ustr i a l in ° C . 0.5 , 0.17 , 0.83 ( a nd ot he rs ) Q u a n t ile s o f fi tt ed r em a ining gl a cie r m a ss in % r el a t i v e to 2020 (21or 101y e a r ro lling a v e r a ge ) f or t he r e sp ec t i v e r egi o n a nd w a r ming le v el . region T he 19 R GI 6 r egi o n s ('01' to '19') or a ll r egi o n s to ge t he r (' A ll '), w hich c orr e spo nd s to t he gl o b a l e st im a t e s . year 100, 500, or 5000 - Y e a r o f a n a l ys i s . frac C h os en f r a c p a r a me t e r ( h yp e rp a r a me t e r o f h ow m a n y d a t a po in ts a r e a pp lied f or t he l o c a l r eg r e ss i o n , s ee MO E PY p a ck a ge d o c u men t a t i o n ). N ot e : f r a c i s o nl y v a lid f or t he medi a n v a l u e s in c a s e o f region=='All' . it N u mbe r o f i t e r a t i o n s f or t he l ow e ss fi t ( s ee MO E PY p a ck a ge ). N R e p e t i t i o n s ( s ee MO E PY p a ck a ge ). The following different LOWESS fitted data files are available: lowess_fit_rel_2020_101yr_avg_steady_state_Feb12_2024.csv fi t us e s r el a t i v e r em a ining m a ss a t st e a d y - st a t e (101y e a r ro lling a v e r a ge o f t he l a st s im u l a t i o n y e a rs , ei t he r a f t e r 5000 or 2000 y e a rs ) to ge t he r w i t h gl o b a l me a n w a r ming a b ov e pr eind ustr i a l y e a r i s he r e 5000 ( a l t h ou gh f or so me r egi o n s s im u l a t i o n s w e r e o nl y d o ne f or 2000 y e a rs ) us ed f or F ig . 1-4, S upp lemen t a ry Ta ble S 1, a nd s e v e r a l supp lemen t a ry fig ur e s lowess_fit_rel_2020_21yr_avg_after{YEAR}yr_Feb12_2024.csv w i t h Y EA R =100 or Y EA R =500 s imil a r to lowess_fit_rel_2020_101yr_avg_steady_state_Feb12_2024.csv , b ut f or t he e st im a t e s a f t e r 100 or 500 s im u l a t i o n y e a rs . Q u a n t ile s w e r e LOW E SS - fi tt ed w i t h 21y e a r cen t e r ed ro lling a v e r a ge gl a cie r m a ss e st im a t e s y e a r i s he r e 100 or 500 us ed f or F ig . 3, S upp lemen t a ry F ig . S 6 lowess_fit_rel_2020_101yr_avg_steady_state_Feb12_2024_only_global_models.csv s imil a r to lowess_fit_rel_2020_101yr_avg_steady_state_Feb12_2024.csv , b ut us ing f or t he LOW E SS fi t o nl y gl o b a ll y a v a il a ble gl a cie r m o del s y e a r i s he r e 5000 us ed f or e . g . S upp lemen t a ry F ig . S 13 lowess_fit_rel_2020_101yr_avg_steady_state_Feb12_2024_rel_regional_glacier_temp_c h.csv s imil a r to lowess_fit_rel_2020_101yr_avg_steady_state_Feb12_2024.csv , b ut us ing in st e a d r egi o n a l gl a cie r - a r e a w eigh t ed w a r ming Ma r ch 2025: F or t he r egi o n a l w a r ming l ow e ss fi ts , i t d o e s n ot m a ke s s en s e to a gg r eg a t e to gl o b a l u nce rt a in t ie s a s w e h a v e to a dd t hem up v i a t he c o m pos i t e s . T he r e a so n i s t he diffe r en t r egi o n a l w a r ming . T he r ef or e , gl o b a l u nce rt a in t ie s w e r e s e t to " NaN " v a l u e s . us ed f or e . g . S upp lemen t a ry F ig . S 4 lowess_fit_rel_2020_101yr_avg_steady_state_Feb12_2024_per_glac_model.csv s imil a r to lowess_fit_rel_2020_101yr_avg_steady_state_Feb12_2024.csv , b ut d o ing a LOW E SS fi t f or e v e ry gl a cie r m o del indi v id u a ll y . N ot e t h a t t he fi t d o e s n ot p e r f or m w ell f or so me gl a cie r m o del s bel ow 1.5° C , a nd s h ou ld t h us n ot be us ed in t h a t r a nge . us ed to e st im a t e t he spr e a d / u nce rt a in t ie s in t he c o mmi tt ed ice l oss s en s i t i v i ty ( o nl y in r a nge 1.5 to 3.0° C , e . g . s h ow n in S upp lemen t a ry D a t a Ta ble S 1, S upp lemen t a ry F ig . S 5) other files response timescale dataset CSV-file : resp_time_shifted_for_deltaT_rgi_reg_roll_volume_21yravg.csv w i t h t he f o ll ow ing c o l u mn s Column Name Description rgi_reg R GI r egi o n ( e . g . ' R GI 11') or gl o b a l (' A ll ') model_author M o del n a me ( e . g . ' G L I M B ') temp_ch_ipcc G l o b a l w a r ming a b ov e pr e - ind ustr i a l f or t h a t e xp e r imen t - u ni t : ° C gcm_period_scenario O ne o f t he 80 e xp e r imen ts , e . g . in t he f or m a t : ' i ps l - cm 6 a - l r _2081-2100_ ssp 370' min_perc_change M inim u m s h r ink a ge / g row ing limi t to e st im a t e a " r e spo n s e t ime s c a le ", he r e e v e ryw he r e 25 % to r ed u ce n o i s e f ro m in t e r a nn u a l v a r i a bili ty - u ni t : % resp_time_-50% R e spo n s e t ime s c a le f or -50 % o f t he tot a l ch a nge s to o cc ur ( he r e o nl y if ch a nge s a r e l oss e s ) - u ni t : y e a rs resp_time_-80% R e spo n s e t ime s c a le f or -80 % o f t he tot a l ch a nge s to o cc ur ( he r e o nl y if ch a nge s a r e l oss e s ) - u ni t : y e a rs resp_time_-90% R e spo n s e t ime s c a le f or -90 % o f t he tot a l ch a nge s to o cc ur ( he r e o nl y if ch a nge s a r e l oss e s ) - u ni t : y e a rs diff_resp_time_-50% D iffe r ence o f t h a t m o del ' s r e spo n s e t ime s c a le to t he medi a n gl a cie r m o del r e spo n s e t ime s c a le ) - u ni t : y e a rs diff_resp_time_-80% D iffe r ence o f t h a t m o del ' s r e spo n s e t ime s c a le to t he medi a n gl a cie r m o del r e spo n s e t ime s c a le ) - u ni t : y e a rs diff_resp_time_-90% D iffe r ence o f t h a t m o del ' s r e spo n s e t ime s c a le to t he medi a n gl a cie r m o del r e spo n s e t ime s c a le ) - u ni t : y e a rs T hi s d a t a s e t i s us ed , e . g . f or t he f o ll ow ing fig ur e s : S upp lemen t a ry F ig . S 11, S 12, S 15 aggregated regional characteristics summary csv-file : 3_shift_summary_region_characteristics.csv w i t h t he f o ll ow ing c o l u mn s Column Name Description rgi_reg , region R egi o n s e . g . ('11'), a ll r egi o n s to ge t he r de s c r ibed a s All in rgi_reg a nd a s global in region C lim a t e I ndice s ( d a t a f ro m I S I M I P 3 a ( G SWP 3W 5 E 5)): temp_ch_avg_2000-2019_vs_1901-1920 Δ T em p 2000-2019 - 1901-1920 ( r eg - a w ) - u ni t : ° C temp_avg_2000-2019 T em p 2000-2019 ( r eg - a w ) - u ni t : ° C prcp_avg_2000-2019 P r c p 2000-2019 ( r eg - a w ) - u ni t : kg m -2 s -1 continentality_index_avg_2000-2019 C o n t inen t a li ty inde x 2000-2019 ( t em p diffe r ence be tw een c o lde st / w a r me st m o n t h s a me y e a r , r eg - a w ) - u ni t : ° C median_reg_vs_glob_ch Ra t i o r eg vs gl o b a l Δ T em p to pr e - ind ustr i a l ( medi a n , r eg - a w ) - n o u ni t median_reg_vs_glob_temp_ch_1.5_3.0 Sa me a s median_reg_vs_glob_ch b ut o nl y w i t h e xp e r imen ts be tw een 1.5° C a nd 3.0° C - n o u ni t median_reg_vs_glob_ch_ref_1986-2005 Ra t i o r eg vs gl o b a l Δ T em p to 1986-2005 ( medi a n , r eg - a w ) - n o u ni t median_reg_vs_glob_temp_ch_1.5_3.0_ref_1986-2005 Sa me a s median_reg_vs_glob_ch_ref_19862005 b ut o nl y w i t h e xp e r imen ts be tw een 1.5° C a nd 3.0° C - n o u ni t slope_fit_reg_vs_glob_ch F i tt ed line a r fi t s l op e r egi o n a l vs gl o b a l t em p ch a nge ( a w ) - n o u ni t G l a cie r topo g r a p h y ( d a t a f ro m R GI 6): slope_weighted_area_avg G l a cie r sur f a ce s l op e ( r eg - a w ) - u ni t : ° lat_absolute_weighted_area_avg La t i tu de ( a b so l ut e , r eg - a w ) - u ni t : ° lat_weighted_area_avg La t i tu de ( r eg - a w ) - u ni t : ° marine_term_ratio_hundredlargest_glac Ra t i o m a r ine - t e r min a t ing (100 l a r ge st gl a cie rs ) - n o u ni t mean_vol_ten_largest_glac M e a n vo l u me (10 l a r ge st gl a cie rs b y a r e a ) - u ni t : km 3 elev_diff_area_weighted E le v a t i o n r a nge ( r eg - a w ) - u ni t : m ice_cap_ratio_hundredlargest_glac Ra t i o ice c a ps (100 l a r ge st gl a cie rs ) - n o u ni t max_elev_area_weighted Ma x im u m ele v a t i o n ( r eg - a w ) - u ni t : m min_elev_area_weighted M inim u m ele v a t i o n ( r eg - a w ) - u ni t : m O b s e rv ed gl a cie r ch a nge s a nd st a t e s in t he p a st ( d a t a f ro m H u g o nne t e t a l . 2021 & F a r in ott i e t a l . 2019): geodetic_obs_area_weighted O b s e rv ed ge o de t ic M B (20002019, r eg ) f ro m H u g o nne t e t a l .