On Praon and Graviton Fields According to Underlying Evidence

On Praon and Graviton Fields According to Underlying Evidence Hermann Burmann Federal University of the Jequitinhonha and Mucuri Valleys, Teófilo Otoni, Minas Gerais,Brazil 1Abstract The formulas for vacuum field elements were derived in relation to particle matter, in which praons and gravitons were considered to be active. Through theoretical calculations performed on an electric charge, it was possible to relate these classes of particles to a length classified as "quantum" ( ��), due to its relation to quantum gravity and the Planck scale; and this quantum length connects to the scale of particles and nucleons. We do not present experiments that definitively prove the proposed theory, but we demonstrate the internal coherence of notions of the Hierarchical Theory for matter. Keywords: praons; gravitons; quantum length; Hierarchical Theory. 2Introduction The Infinite Hierarchical Nesting Theory of Matter [ 1 ], or IHNM, was proposed by Sergey Fedosin, who postulated a vacuum filled with particles called “praons”. In this theory, sections of graviton interactions were also proposed, using, among other parameters, a Planck constant modified at the matter level. In this work we raise a fundamental question: could the IHNM model be supported by means of universal parameters of standard physics, that is, without the use of modified constants? We will present a new derivation that requires the standard Planck length in order to calculate interaction sections present in Fedosin theory. It is demonstrated that there is a very strong relationship between the standard Planck length and the properties of elementary particles in the context of Fedosin theory, with the results suggesting internal consistency for the IHNM, potentially offering a new perspective on the relationship between high-energy scales in quantum gravity and ordinary matter. We are guided by the hypothesis that strong gravitation – described by coupling constants in the particle regime – would compensate for the absence of high energy, expected as an essential condition for the manifestation of quantum gravity, as well as the Planck scale. 3 Vacuum Field Structure Conditions the Planck Scale Between Particles Through the theoretical evidence described in [2], we were able to establish support for Fedosin's theory [3-4], according to which praons are structuring elements of the vacuum field: because we saw that there is equality between different formulas that describe the cross-section of charged particles in the vacuum field, which together imply a direct junction of these particles to the quantum fields of a positive nucleon: �=� Г �=(ℎ+ℏ)2�� �� �=2,67∙10−30m2(1) The formula on the left contains: ϑCross-section of charged particles in the vacuum field (praons); �- Cross-section of the graviton flux interacting with matter particles and its value is ; ГIs the strong gravitational constant of Fedosin [ 5]; G - Is the gravitational constant. In the formula on the right, the factors and quantities are: ℏ=ℎ/2 π is the reduced Planck constant; ��=��is the radius of the nucleon, corresponding to the radius of the proton in the self-consistent model [ 6 ]; ��=��is the mass of the nucleon, equal to the mass of the proton; c is the speed of light. What is the meaning of the sum (ℎ+ℏ)?This sum reflects the transition between particle description and field description, which may be consistent with Fedosin's theory for both particles and fields. The sum (h+ℏ)is not a random detail, and the equality between these formulas suggests the description of the same phenomenon: while Fedosin describes the cross-section of praons with emphasis on the vacuum, our expression presents the point of view of the elementary particle immersed in that vacuum. This equality suggests nothing more and nothing less than the existence of nuclear praons. The praons defined by the formula in (1) will be considered as acting at the nuclear level and, subsequently, we will show their relationship with gravitons. Fedosin [7] proposed that there are gravitons acting in the microscopic regime. To these gravitons, we will assign this formula: �= �−1������ ≅5,6∙10−50m2(2) �= 3,15 Here �is the cross-section of the flow of gravitons interacting with corpuscular matter, ��is the standard Planck length, �-1 = 2.15 and ���� is the crosssection of nuclear praons, that is, the praons prospected together with positive nucleons such as protons. This may mean that praons and gravitons are active on the scale of subatomic particles, and their interactions are what define the Planck length in the microscopic regime. Extending the formula in (2), we have that: 2������� �2≥ �−1 ℏ� �3∙(ℎ+ℏ)2�� �� �(3) On the right-hand side, we have the original Fedosin expression [ 7 ], for the cross-section of the graviton flow. From this we deduce that the Planck length is a dependence of the following relation: ��=� �−1 ���� =2������� �2 �−1 (ℎ+ℏ)2�� �� � =1,6 ∙10−35m (4) If the Planck length depends on nuclear praons, this scale becomes linked to the regime of subatomic particles through this formula. And the next step would be to try to link the gravitational constant to atomic physics. Other consequences include: � �� π−1 ≈ ���� ,� �� π−1 2~���� (5) Interestingly, this information underlies Fedosin's theory concerning Infinite Hierarchical Nesting of Matter, in which the cross-section of the graviton flux is mentioned, along with the praons. From (3) we take the consequence that the formula for the cross-section of the graviton flux does not require certain quantities related to compact stars, such as the Schwarzschild radius. The Planck length and nuclear praons are sufficient and generate a more objective description. We do not need a smaller sphere (nucleon) inside a larger sphere (compact star). Furthermore, equations (2) and (3) allow us to classify the Planck length as a “quantum length”, due to its connection with the quantum level of particles possessing praons. The Planck length can also be expressed as: ��=����� Г � −1 (6) Another way to link a quantum length to a nucleon is as follows: ��= ������� Г �� �−1 =1,6∙10−35 m (7) As ιP = ιQ , due to the cross-section of nuclear praons connects these lengths, and to the cross-section of the graviton flux, we can express the strong Fedosin gravitational constant in terms of these quantum lengths: Г≈ 1 2+e∙ ���� �� �� ���� 2 �2≈1,515∙1029 �3kg−1s−2 (8) Here,e = 2,718 is the Euler number.Due to the quantum implications of the cross-section of nuclear praons, we conclude that the degree of speculation regarding the strong gravitational constant of Fedosin is reduced. Moreover, this constant depends on the normal gravitational interaction, due to the standard Planck length present in the expression. We deduce from the equations that, in the particle regime, where the strong gravitational force and nuclear praons act, the Planck length or quantum length can be linked. Our model proposes that strong nuclear gravity compensates for the absence of high energy, which is essential for quantum gravity. Theoretically, both in the high-energy, high-force Newtonian gravitational scenario, and in the low-energy, high-force coupling gravitational scenario (situation of strong gravitational constants and particles), the physical phenomena described by quantum gravity can manifest themselves, since the quantum length is present in both scenarios. Conclusion Our formulas allowed us to conceive fundamental relationships that Fedosin had not explored, in a scenario favorable to the connection between the scale of quantum gravity (Planck scale) and the nuclear scale. This raises questions about whether nuclear physics and quantum gravity can be unified. With respect to the equations on cross-sections of praons and gravitons, it is important to highlight that there was no need for modifications of constants or large adjustment values. In this way, Fedosin's constants could be fully justified by means of standard universal constants, proving that Fedosin's theoretical structure is supported by mainstream physics - in terms of constants. Furthermore, it is important to emphasize that, given that the Planck length, the cross-section of nuclear praons, and the cross-section of the graviton flux are interrelated in our model, quantum gravity theories should not describe phenomena at infinitesimal scales without considering constants related to the vacuum field. This should also apply to the gravitational constant. References [ 1 ]FEDOSIN, S. G. (2015). The physical theories and infinite hierarchical nesting of matter (Vol. 2). LAP Lambert Academic Publishing. ISBN 978-3-659-71511-2. [ 2 ]BURMANN, Hermann. Does the Vacuum Field Contain More Particles Besides Praons?.Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.17858425 [ 3 ]FEDOSIN,S.G. The charged component of the vacuum field as the source of electric force in the modernized Le Sage’s model. Journal of Fundamental and Applied Sciences. 2016. DOI:10.5281/zenodo.845356 [ 4 ]FEDOSIN,S.G. The statistical mechanism of the formation of the properties of the physical vacuum. Hadronic Journal, vol. 37, no. 4,PP. 367-400,2014. [ 5 ] FEDOSIN, S. G. Fizika i philosophia podobiia ot preonov do metagalaktik. Perm: Style-MG, 1999. 544 p. ISBN 5-8131-0012-1. [ 6 ] FEDOSIN,S.G.The radius of the proton in the self-consistent model. Hadronic Journal,35(4),349-363.(2012) http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.889451 [ 7 ]FEDOSIN,S.G. The Graviton Field as the Source of Mass and Gravitational Force in the Modernized Le Sage’s Model. Physical Science International Journal. 2015.