Strategic and institutional aspects of the transformation of stakeholder concepts in the housing construction system
Abstract
The subject of the study. Modern residential construction operates in an environment of increasing stakeholder complexity, which necessitates a rethinking of models of participation and influence at all stages of project implementation. This paper systematizes the leading stakeholder concepts, emphasizing the transformation of their roles, functions, and responsibilities in the context of housing development. Contemporary approaches to classifying stakeholders by level of influence, engagement, expectations, and conflict potential are summarized, enabling the identification of tension points and cooperation opportunities. The principles of creating an integrated communication platform among key construction actors are examined, including investors, developers, local authorities, contractors, residents, civic organizations, media, and government agencies. Research methods. Particular attention is paid to the concept of active stakeholdering, which involves not only considering stakeholders’ positions but actively engaging them in strategic planning, risk assessment, and the shaping of architectural environments. Dynamic stakeholder management technologies are analyzed, particularly digital tools for mapping interests, visualizing conflicts, and forecasting interaction scenarios. The challenges of insufficient transparency, lack of effective feedback mechanisms, underdeveloped legal frameworks, and the undervaluation of intangible assets such as trust and reputation are also outlined.Research results. The feasibility of adapting ESG (Environmental, Social, and Governance) principles is substantiated to maintain a balance of interests in residential construction. Emphasis is placed on the role of digital technologies—such as e–participation platforms, mobile applications for residents, and interactive project transparency dashboards—as tools to enhance inclusiveness and decision–making accountability.Conclusions. The results obtained have practical significance for developers, authorities, civil institutions, and professional communities seeking to establish robust mechanisms of multilateral interaction in urbanized environments. Future research directions include the development of algorithms for adaptive stakeholder conflict management, systems of social indicators for project success assessment, and new forms of partnership among the private sector, communities, and the state amid transformational change.
Full text
²ÍÍÎÂÀÖ²ÉÍΖ²ÍÂÅÑÒÈÖ²ÉÍÀ ÏÎ˲ÒÈÊÀ 53 ´ÎÐÌÓÂÀÍÍßÐÈÍÊÎÂÈÕÂÄÍÎÑÈͳÊÐÀÍ © ÏÎÊÎËÅÍÊÎ Â. Î., ÀÍÀÍÊÎ ª. ²., ÊÎÂÀËÅÍÊÎ Â. Â., ÃÓËߪ Ä. À., 2025 ÓÄÊ: 005.35:332.8 ÏÎÊÎËÅÍÊÎ Â. Î., ÀÍÀÍÊÎ ª. ²., ÊÎÂÀËÅÍÊÎ Â. Â., ÃÓËߪ Ä. À. Ñòðàòåã³÷í³ òà ³íñòèòóö³éí³ àñïåêòè òðàíñôîðìàö³¿ ñòåéêõîëäåðñüêèõ êîíöåïö³é ó ñèñòåì³ æèòëîâîãî áóä³âíèöòâà Ïðåäìåò äîñë³äæåííÿ. Ñó÷àñíå æèòëîâå áóä³âíèöòâî ôóíêö³îíóº â óìîâàõ ï³äâèùåíî¿ ñêëàäíîñò³ ñòåéêõîëäåðñüêèõ âçàºìîä³é, ùî çóìîâëþº çðîñòàþ÷ó ïîòðåáó â ïåðåîñìèñëåíí³ ìîäåëåé ó÷àñò³ òà âïëèâó çàö³êàâëåíèõ ñòîð³í íà âñ³õ åòàïàõ ðåàë³çàö³¿ ïðîºêò³â. Ó ö³é ðîáîò³ çä³éñíåíî ñèñòåìàòèçàö³þ ïðîâ³äíèõ êîíöåïö³é ñòåéêõîëäåð³â, àêöåíòóþ÷è óâàãó íà òðàíñôîðìàö³¿ ¿õí³õ ðîëåé, ôóíêö³é ³ â³äïîâ³äàëüíîñò³ â êîíòåêñò³ æèòëîâîãî áóä³âíèöòâà. Óçàãàëüíåíî ñó÷àñí³ ï³äõîäè äî êëàñèô³êàö³¿ ñòåéêõîëäåð³â çà ð³âíåì âïëèâó, çàëó÷åíîñò³, î÷³êóâàíü ³ êîíôë³êòîãåííîñò³, ùî äîçâîëÿº âèÿâèòè òî÷êè íàïðóãè òà ïîòåíö³àëè äëÿ êîîïåðàö³¿. Ðîçãëÿíóòî ïðèíöèïè ñòâîðåííÿ ³íòåãðîâàíî¿ êîìóí³êàö³éíî¿ ïëàòôîðìè ì³æ îñíîâíèìè ñóá’ºêòàìè áóä³âåëüíîãî ïðîöåñó: ³íâåñòîðàìè, çàáóäîâíèêàìè, îðãàíàìè ì³ñöåâîãî ñàìîâðÿäóâàííÿ, ï³äðÿäíèêàìè, ìåøêàíöÿìè, ãðîìàäñüêèìè îðãàí³çàö³ÿìè, ìåä³à òà äåðæàâíèìè ñòðóêòóðàìè. Ìåòîäè äîñë³äæåííÿ. Îñîáëèâó óâàãó ïðèä³ëåíî êîíöåïö³¿ «àêòèâíîãî ñòåéêõîëäèíãó», ÿêà ïåðåäáà÷ຠíå ëèøå âðàõóâàííÿ ïîçèö³é ó÷àñíèê³â, à é çàëó÷åííÿ ¿õ äî ñòðàòåã³÷íîãî ïðîºêòóâàííÿ, îö³íþâàííÿ ðèçèê³â ³ ôîðìóâàííÿ àðõ³òåêòóðíîãî ñåðåäîâèùà. Ïðîàíàë³çîâàíî òåõíîëî㳿 äèíàì³÷íîãî óïðàâë³ííÿ ñòåéêõîëäåðàìè, çîêðåìà öèôðîâ³ ³íñòðóìåíòè äëÿ êàðòîãðàôóâàííÿ ³íòåðåñ³â, â³çóàë³çàö³¿ êîíôë³êò³â ³ ïðîãíîçóâàííÿ ñöåíàð³¿â âçàºìî䳿. Îêðåñëåíî âèêëèêè, ïîâ’ÿçàí³ ç íåäîñòàòíüîþ ïðîçîð³ñòþ ïðîöåñ³â, â³äñóòí³ñòþ åôåêòèâíèõ çâîðîòíèõ çâ’ÿçê³â, íåâðåãóëüîâàí³ñòþ ïðàâîâî¿ áàçè òà íåäîîö³íþâàííÿì íåìàòåð³àëüíèõ àêòèâ³â, òàêèõ ÿê äîâ³ðà òà ðåïóòàö³ÿ. Ðåçóëüòàòè ðîáîòè. Îá´ðóíòîâàíî äîö³ëüí³ñòü àäàïòàö³¿ ïðèíöèï³â ESG (åêîëîã³÷íîãî, ñîö³àëüíîãî òà óïðàâë³íñüêîãî ðåãóëþâàííÿ) äëÿ çàáåçïå÷åííÿ áàëàíñó ³íòåðåñ³â ó æèòëîâîìó áóä³âíèöòâ³. Íàãîëîøåíî íà ðîë³ öèôðîâèõ òåõíîëîã³é, òàêèõ ÿê ïëàòôîðìè åëåêòðîííî¿ ó÷àñò³ (e–participation), ìîá³ëüí³ çàñòîñóíêè äëÿ ìåøêàíö³â, ³íòåðàêòèâí³ ïàíåë³ ïðîçîðîñò³ ïðîºêò³â, ÿê çàñîá³â ï³äâèùåííÿ ³íêëþçèâíîñò³ òà ï³äçâ³òíîñò³ ð³øåíü. Âèñíîâêè. Îòðèìàí³ ðåçóëüòàòè ìàþòü ïðàêòè÷íå çíà÷åííÿ äëÿ äåâåëîïåðñüêèõ ñòðóêòóð, îðãàí³â âëàäè, ãðîìàäñüêèõ ³íñòèòóò³â ³ ïðîôåñ³éíèõ ñï³ëüíîò, ÿê³ ïðàãíóòü çàïðîâàäèòè ñòàë³ ìåõàí³çìè áàãàòîñòîðîííüî¿ âçàºìî䳿 â óðáàí³çîâàíèõ ñåðåäîâèùàõ. Ïåðñïåêòèâà ïîäàëüøèõ äîñë³äæåíü ïîëÿãຠó ðîçðîáëåíí³ àëãîðèòì³â àäàïòèâíîãî óïðàâë³ííÿ ñòåéêõîëäåðñüêèìè êîíôë³êòàìè, ñèñòåìè ñîö³àëüíèõ ³íäèêàòîð³â îö³íêè óñï³øíîñò³ ïðîºêò³â, à òàêîæ íîâèõ ôîðì ïàðòíåðñòâà ì³æ ïðèâàòíèì ñåêòîðîì, ãðîìàäîþ òà äåðæàâîþ â óìîâàõ òðàíñôîðìàö³éíèõ çì³í. Êëþ÷îâ³ ñëîâà: ñòåéêõîëäåðè, æèòëîâå áóä³âíèöòâî, ïðîºêòíå óïðàâë³ííÿ, ñîö³àëüíà âçàºìîä³ÿ, êîíôë³êòè ³íòåðåñ³â, öèôðîâ³ ³íñòðóìåíòè, ïóáë³÷íà ó÷àñòü, ñòàë³ñòü VADYM POKOLENKO, YEHOR ANANKO, VITALII KOVALENKO, DMYTRO HULIAIEV Strategic and institutional aspects of the transformation of stakeholder concepts in the housing construction system The subject of the study. Modern residential construction operates in an environment of increasing stakeholder complexity, which necessitates a rethinking of models of participation and influence at all stages of project implementation. This paper systematizes the leading stakeholder concepts, emphasizing the transformation of their roles, functions, and responsibilities in the context of housing development. Contemporary approaches to classifying stakeholders by level of influence, engagement, expectations, and conflict potential are summarized, enabling the identification of tension points and cooperation opportunities. The principles of creating an integrated communication platform among key construction actors are examined, including investors, developers, local authorities, contractors, residents, civic organizations, media, and government agencies.
²ÍÍÎÂÀÖ²ÉÍΖ²ÍÂÅÑÒÈÖ²ÉÍÀ ÏÎ˲ÒÈÊÀ 54 ´ÎÐÌÓÂÀÍÍßÐÈÍÊÎÂÈÕÂÄÍÎÑÈͳÊÐÀÍ Ïîñòàíîâêà ïðîáëåìè. Æèòëîâå áóä³âíèöòâî ÿê ãàëóçü ³ç âèñîêèì ð³âíåì ñîö³àëüíî¿ ÷óòëèâîñò³ òà óðáàí³ñòè÷íî¿ çíà÷óùîñò³ âñå ÷àñò³øå ñòèêàºòüñÿ ç íåîáõ³äí³ñòþ âðåãóëþâàííÿ áàãàòîð³âíåâèõ ³íòåðåñ³â ÷èñëåííèõ ñòåéêõîëäåð³â. Çà óìîâ ñòð³ìêîãî îíîâëåííÿ ì³ñòîáóä³âíèõ ïðàêòèê, àêòèâ³çàö³¿ ãðîìàäñüêîãî ñåêòîðà é ðîçøèðåííÿ öèôðîâî¿ ó÷àñò³ çðîñòຠðèçèê êîíôë³êò³â, íåðîçóì³ííÿ ì³æ ñòîðîíàìè òà âòðàòè ëåã³òèìíîñò³ ïðîºêòíèõ ð³øåíü. Íàÿâí³ñòü ïîòóæíîãî ñòåéêõîëäåðñüêîãî ñåðåäîâèùà ïåðåäáà- ÷ຠâðàõóâàííÿ íå ëèøå ôîðìàëüíèõ ³íñòèòóö³éíèõ ðîëåé, à é íåôîðìàëüíèõ âïëèâ³â, åìîö³éíî¿ ñêëàäîâî¿ òà äîâ³ðè ÿê íåìàòåð³àëüíîãî àêòèâó. Ïðîáëåìàòè÷íèì çàëèøàºòüñÿ ñòâîðåííÿ ºäèíî¿ ïëàòôîðìè, ÿêà á äîçâîëèëà çíèçèòè ñîö³àëüíó íàïðóãó, çàáåçïå÷èòè ïðîçîð³ñòü ïðîöåñ³â ³ çàëó÷èòè ñòåéêõîëäåð³â äî ñï³âòâîðåííÿ ïðîñòîðó, à íå ëèøå äî ñïîæèâàííÿ ðåçóëüòàò³â. Òàêîæ ïîòðåáóþòü óòî÷íåííÿ ìåõàí³çìè ³äåíòèô³êàö³¿ êëþ÷îâèõ çàö³êàâëåíèõ ñòîð³í, âèçíà÷åííÿ ð³âíÿ ¿õíüî¿ êðèòè÷íîñò³ äëÿ óñï³õó ïðîºêòó òà âñòàíîâëåííÿ ïðèíöèï³â ¿õíüî¿ ó÷àñò³ ó ïðèéíÿòò³ ð³øåíü. Íà öüîìó òë³ àêòóàë³çóºòüñÿ äîñë³äæåííÿ íîâèõ óïðàâë³íñüêèõ ï³äõîä³â äî ñòåéêõîëäåð³â, îð³ºíòîâàíèõ íà ä³àëîã, êîíñåíñóñ ³ àäàïòèâí³ñòü ó ïðîöåñàõ æèòëîâîãî áóä³âíèöòâà. Ìåòà ñòàòò³. Êëþ÷îâèì çàâäàííÿì äîñë³äæåííÿ º ñèñòåìàòèçàö³ÿ ñó÷àñíèõ êîíöåïö³é óïðàâë³ííÿ ñòåéêõîëäåðàìè â æèòëîâîìó áóä³âíèöòâ³, ç àêöåíòîì íà ¿õíþ àäàïòàö³þ äî ñêëàäíèõ óðáàí³çîâàíèõ ñåðåäîâèù ³ äèíàì³÷íèõ ñîö³àëüíî–åêîíîì³÷íèõ óìîâ. Çàâäàííÿì º îêðåñëåííÿ ïðèíöèï³â ó÷àñò³, ìåõàí³çì³â ³äåíòèô³êàö³¿ òà êëàñèô³êàö³¿ ñòåéêõîëäåð³â, à òàêîæ ðîçðîáêà ìîäåë³ åôåêòèâíî¿ áàãàòîð³âíåâî¿ âçàºìî䳿 ì³æ êëþ÷îâèìè ó÷àñíèêàìè áóä³âåëüíîãî ïðîöåñó. Ó äîñë³äæåíí³ çðîáëåíî ñïðîáó ïîºäíàòè òåîðåòè÷í³ ïîëîæåííÿ stakeholder management ç ïðàêòè÷- íèìè âèêëèêàìè óêðà¿íñüêî¿ äåâåëîïåðñüêî¿ ðåàëüíîñò³, çîêðåìà â êîíòåêñò³ öèôðîâ³çàö³¿, êîíôë³êò³â ³íòåðåñ³â ³ ñîö³àëüíîãî ä³àëîãó. Àíàë³ç îñòàíí³õ äîñë³äæåíü ³ ïóáë³êàö³é. Óïðîäîâæ îñòàííüîãî äåñÿòèë³òòÿ ïðîáëåìàòèêà óïðàâë³ííÿ ñòåéêõîëäåðàìè â áóä³âåëüíîìó ñåêòîð³ íàáóëà àêòóàëüíîñò³ âíàñë³äîê ïîñèëåííÿ ñîö³àëüíî¿ àêòèâíîñò³ ãðîìàä, óñêëàäíåííÿ íîðìàòèâíî–ïðàâîâî¿ áàçè òà çðîñòàííÿ ìàñøòàá³â óðáàí³ñòè÷íèõ òðàíñôîðìàö³é. Äîñë³äíèêè ïðèä³ëÿþòü óâàãó ìóëüòèàêòîðí³é ïðèðîä³ æèòëîâîãî áóä³âíèöòâà, â ÿê³é âçàºìîä³þòü íå ëèøå ³íâåñòîðè, ï³äðÿäíèêè òà àðõ³òåêòîðè, à é ìåøêàíö³, ÍÓÎ, ìóí³öèïàë³òåòè òà çàñîáè ìàñîâî¿ ³íôîðìàö³¿. Çîêðåìà, â ïóáë³êàö³ÿõ ðîçêðèâàþòüñÿ êîíöåïòè stakeholder salience, stakeholder mapping òà stakeholder engagement ÿê êëþ÷îâ³ äëÿ óïðàâë³íñüêî¿ ïðàêòèêè. ×èñëåíí³ ðîáîòè çîñåðåäæóþòüñÿ íà öèôðîâèõ ìåòîäàõ çàëó÷åííÿ (e–participation, Research methods. Particular attention is paid to the concept of active stakeholdering, which involves not only considering stakeholders’ positions but actively engaging them in strategic planning, risk assessment, and the shaping of architectural environments. Dynamic stakeholder management technologies are analyzed, particularly digital tools for mapping interests, visualizing conflicts, and forecasting interaction scenarios. The challenges of insufficient transparency, lack of effective feedback mechanisms, underdeveloped legal frameworks, and the undervaluation of intangible assets such as trust and reputation are also outlined. Research results. The feasibility of adapting ESG (Environmental, Social, and Governance) principles is substantiated to maintain a balance of interests in residential construction. Emphasis is placed on the role of digital technologies—such as e–participation platforms, mobile applications for residents, and interactive project transparency dashboards—as tools to enhance inclusiveness and decision–making accountability. Conclusions. The results obtained have practical significance for developers, authorities, civil institutions, and professional communities seeking to establish robust mechanisms of multilateral interaction in urbanized environments. Future research directions include the development of algorithms for adaptive stakeholder conflict management, systems of social indicators for project success assessment, and new forms of partnership among the private sector, communities, and the state amid transformational change. Keywords: stakeholders, residential construction, project management, social interaction, conflict of interest, digital tools, public participation, sustainability.
²ÍÍÎÂÀÖ²ÉÍΖ²ÍÂÅÑÒÈÖ²ÉÍÀ ÏÎ˲ÒÈÊÀ 55 ´ÎÐÌÓÂÀÍÍßÐÈÍÊÎÂÈÕÂÄÍÎÑÈͳÊÐÀÍ crowd–mapping), óïðàâë³íí³ êîíôë³êòàìè ³íòåðåñ³â ³ ñòâîðåíí³ ïëàòôîðì â³äêðèòîãî ä³àëîãó. Ïîðÿä ç öèì, óêðà¿íñüê³ äîñë³äíèêè àêöåíòóþòü óâàãó íà ïðàâîâèõ ïðîãàëèíàõ, íåðîçâèíåíîñò³ ìåõàí³çì³â ó÷àñò³ ãðîìàäè ó ïðèéíÿòò³ ð³øåíü, à òàêîæ íåäîñòàòí³é ³íòåãðàö³¿ ñòåéêõîëäåðñüêî¿ àíàë³òèêè â ñèñòåìè ñòðàòåã³÷íîãî ïëàíóâàííÿ çàáóäîâè. Âîäíî÷àñ, çðîñòຠ³íòåðåñ äî ESG– îð³ºíòîâàíèõ ï³äõîä³â, ÿê³ âèìàãàþòü ïåðåîñìèñëåííÿ ðîë³ çàö³êàâëåíèõ ñòîð³í ó ôîðìóâàíí³ ñò³éêèõ ³ ëåã³òèìíèõ óðáàí³ñòè÷íèõ ñåðåäîâèù. Âèêëàä îñíîâíîãî ìàòåð³àëó. Ðîëü ñòåéêõîëäåð³â º êëþ÷îâîþ ó æèòëîâîìó áóä³âíèöòâ³, â³ä âçàºìî䳿 ð³çíèõ ó÷àñíèê³â çàëåæèòü éîãî óñï³øí³ñòü, äîâãîñòðîêîâà æèòòºçäàòí³ñòü òà åêîíîì³÷íà åôåêòèâí³ñòü. Ñòåéêõîëäåðè – öå âñ³ îñîáè àáî îðãàí³çàö³¿, ³íòåðåñè ÿêèõ ïîâ’ÿçàí³ ç ðåàë³çàö³þ áóä³âåëüíîãî ïðîåêòó òà ò³ õòî âïëèâàþòü íà ðîçâèòîê àáî ï³äëÿãຠâïëèâó ç éîãî áîêó. Âàæëèâèì åòàïîì ó ðîçðîáö³ ñòðàòå㳿 óïðàâë³ííÿ º âèçíà÷åííÿ ³ êëàñèô³êàö³ÿ ñòåéêõîëäåð³â, âîíà ÷³òêî îêðåñëþº, õòî ìຠïðàâî ïðèéìàòè ð³øåííÿ, õòî â³äïîâ³äຠçà âèêîíàííÿ êîíêðåòíèõ çàâäàíü òà ÿê³ âçàºìí³ ³íòåðåñè òà îáîâ’ÿçêè [1]. Îñíîâí³ êîíöåïö³¿ ñòåéêõîëäåð³â çîñåðåäæóºòüñÿ íà âèçíà÷åíí³ âñ³õ ó÷àñíèê³â ïðîöåñó òà ¿õ ðîëÿõ, ³ çàâäàííÿõ íà ð³çíèõ åòàïàõ ïðîåêòó. Äî íèõ â³äíîñÿòüñÿ çîâí³øí³ òà âíóòð³øí³ ó÷àñíèêè ïðîåêòó. Çîâí³øí³é ñòåéêõîëäåðè âêëþ÷àþòü ãðîìàäñüê³ îðãàí³çàö³¿, îðãàíè äåðæàâíî¿ âëàäè, ñïîæèâà÷³â òà çàìîâíèê³â. Âíóòð³øí³ ñòåéêõîëäåðè – öå ïðîåêòóâàëüíèêè, ³íâåñòîðè, ï³äðÿäíèêè, êîìïàí³¿ àáî ï³äðîçä³ëè, ÿê³ ðåàë³çóþòü ïðîåêò. Êîæåí ó÷àñíèê ìຠâëàñí³ ³íòåðåñè òà îáîâ’ÿçêè, ÿê³ ìàþòü ñï³ëüí³ òà ñóïåðå÷ëèâ³ ðèñè [2]. Îäí³ºþ ç îñíîâíèõ ñêëàäîâèõ óñï³øíîãî óïðàâë³ííÿ áóä³âåëüíèìè ïðîåêòàìè º êëàñèô³êàö³ÿ ñòåéêõîëð³â çà òèïàìè. Ñòåéêõîëäåðè ïîä³ëÿþòüñÿ íà ê³ëüêà ãðóï. Ïåðøà ãðóïà, çàìîâíèêè, êîòð³ âèñòóïàþòü îñíîâíèìè ô³íàíñîâèìè òà îðãàí³çàö³éíèìè ³í³ö³àòîðàìè áóä³âíèöòâà. Âîíè íåñóòü â³äïîâ³äàëüí³ñòü çà çàáåçïå÷åííÿ â³äïîâ³äíîñò³ áóä³âíèöòâà âèìîãàì çàêîíîäàâñòâà òà íîðìàòèâíèõ àêò³â, â³äïîâ³äàþòü çà ô³íàíñóâàííÿ ïðîåêòó òà âçàºìîä³þòü ç ³íøèìè ñòåéêõîëäåðàìè äëÿ òîãî, ùîá äîñÿãàòè ê³íöåâî¿ ìåòè, òîáòî çàâåðøåííÿ áóä³âíèöòâà òà çäà÷à â åêñïëóàòàö³þ. ¯õ ³íòåðåñ çíàõîäèòüñÿ â ÿê³ñíîìó òà ñâîº÷àñíîìó çàâåðøåíí³ ïðîåêòó, êîòðèé áóäå â³äïîâ³äàòè âèìîãàì ³ áþäæåòó [3]. Äðóãà ãðóïà, ï³äðÿäíèêè, âîíè çàéìàþòüñÿ ðåàë³çàö³þ áóä³âåëüíèõ ðîá³ò, ìîæóòü áóòè âåëèêèìè àáî ñïåö³àë³çîâàíèìè ô³ðìàìè, êîòð³ ïðàöþþòü ó ïåâíèõ ñôåðàõ. ϳäðÿäíèêè â³äïîâ³äàþòü çà âèêîíàííÿ ðîá³ò çã³äíî ç òåõí³÷íèìè âèìîãàìè ó âèçíà÷åíèé òåðì³í òà â³äïîâ³äíî áþäæåòó. Îñíîâíèé ³íòåðåñ ïîëÿãຠâ ïðèáóòêó â³ä ðåàë³çàö³¿ áóä³âåëüíèõ ðîá³ò, ÿê³ âèêîíàí³ áåç ïîðóøåííÿ íîðì òà òåðì³í³â [3]. Òðåòÿ ãðóïà, ³íâåñòîðè–öå ñòåéêõîëäåðè, êîòð³ ô³íàíñóþòü áóä³âåëüíèé ïðîåêò òà î÷³êóþòü ïîâåðíåííÿ ñâî¿õ ³íâåñòèö³é ó âèãëÿä³ ïðèáóòêó. Âîíè ìîæóòü áóòè ïðèâàòíèìè, äåðæàâíèìè îñîáàìè, ¿õ ³íòåðåñ ïîëÿãຠâ îòðèìàíí³ ïðèáóòêó â³ä ðåçóëüòàò³â áóä³âíèöòâà. Âîíè áåðóòü íà ñåáå ðèçèêè, ÿê³ ïîâ’ÿçàí³ ç ìîæëèâèì íå âèêîíàííÿì ïðîåêòó â çàïëàíîâàí³ òåðì³íè [3]. ×åòâåðòà ãðóïà, îðãàíè âëàäè º âàæëèâèìè ñòåéêõîëäåðàìè, âîíè ðåãóëþþòü ä³ÿëüí³ñòü êîìïàí³é ÷åðåç ë³öåíçóâàííÿ, ïåðåâ³ðêè, íàãëÿä òà çàêîíîäàâñòâî. Âîíè äîòðèìóºòüñÿ ñòàíäàðò³â áåçïåêè, ³íøèõ íîðìàòèâíèõ íîðì òà åêîëîã³÷íèõ âèìîã. ¯õ ³íòåðåñ çàáåçïå÷åííÿ âèñîêèõ ñòàíäàðò³â ÿêîñò³ òà çàãàëüíî¿ áåçïåêè æèòëîâèõ îá’ºêò³â [3]. Ï’ÿòà ãðóïà, ñïîæèâà÷³, êîòð³é º ê³íöåâèìè áåíåô³ö³àðàìè áóä³âåëüíîãî ïðîåêòó, ¿õ ³íòåðåñ â îðåíä³ àáî ïðèäáàí³ ÿê³ñíîãî æèòëà, ÿêå â³äïîâ³äຠâñ³ì âèìîãàì ö³íè, ì³ñöåðîçòàøóâàííþ, ÿêîñò³ òà ³íøèì ïàðàìåòðîì. Ñïîæèâà÷³ áåðóòü ó÷àñòü ó ïðîöåñàõ óõâàëåííÿ ð³øåíü ñòîñîâíî çì³íè â ïðîåêò³ [3]. Îñòàííÿ øîñòà ãðóïà, ãðîìàäà, ÿêà â³ä³ãðຠâàæëèâó ðîëü â áóä³âíèöòâ³, íîâ³ îá’ºêòè çíà÷íî çì³íþº ³íôðàñòðóêòóðó íàâêîëèøíüîãî ñåðåäîâèùà, ãðîìàäñüê³ñòü âèìàãຠâðàõóâàííÿ åêîëîã³÷íèõ, êóëüòóðíèõ òà ñîö³àëüíèõ àñïåêò³â òà âèìàãຠçàáåçïå- ÷åííÿ ãðîìàäñüêèõ ïðîñòîð³â àáî â³äøêîäóâàííÿ çà ïîòåíö³éíî íåãàòèâíèé âïëèâ íà íàâêîëèøíº ñåðåäîâèùå. ¯õ ³íòåðåñ ïîëÿãàº, ùîá áóä³âíèöòâî ïîçèòèâíî âïëèâàëî íà åôåêò ðàéîíó òà íå ïðèçâîäèëî çíèæåííÿ ÿêîñò³ æèòòÿ ìåøêàíö³â [3]. Íèæ÷å íàâåäåíà òàáëèöÿ 1 ïîð³âíÿ îñíîâí³ êîíöåïö³¿ ñòåéêõîëäåð³â, âèçíà÷ຠ¿õ ³íòåðåñè, ðîëü òà â³äïîâ³äàëüí³ñòü. Ðîçãëÿäàþ÷è ó÷àñíèêè áóä³âåëüíîãî ïðîåêòó, ¿õ âïëèâ íà ïðîöåñè òà ê³íöåâ³ ðåçóëüòàòè, çàâäÿêè ÷îìó çðîçóì³ë³ âçàºìîçâ’ÿçêè ì³æ ð³çíèìè ñòîðîíàìè òà âàæëèâ³ñòü êîæíîãî ñòåéêõîëäåðè ó ïðîåêò³. Ðèñóíîê 1 äåìîíñòðóº âçàºìîçâ’ÿçîê ì³æ îñíîâíèìè ãðóïàìè ó÷àñíèê³â. Êîæåí ñòåéêõîëäåð ìຠâèçíà÷åíó ðîëü òà âçàºìî䳿 â ðàìêàõ áóä³âåëüíîãî ïðîåêòó, êîòðèé äåìîíñòðóº ¿õ ³íòåðåñè òà îáîâ’ÿçêè.
²ÍÍÎÂÀÖ²ÉÍΖ²ÍÂÅÑÒÈÖ²ÉÍÀ ÏÎ˲ÒÈÊÀ 56 ´ÎÐÌÓÂÀÍÍßÐÈÍÊÎÂÈÕÂÄÍÎÑÈͳÊÐÀÍ Êîíöåïö³ÿ ñòåéêõîëäåðà Îïèñ ²íòåðåñè ³äïîâ³äàëüí³ñòü Çàìîâíèêè Îñíîâí³ ô³íàíñîâ³ òà îðãàí³çàö³éí³ ³í³ö³àòîðè ïðîåêòó, ùî çàáåçïå÷óþòü éîãî ô³íàíñóâàííÿ ³ ðåàë³çàö³þ Îòðèìàííÿ ÿê³ñíîãî, åêîíîì³÷íîãî ³ ñâîº÷àñíî çàâåðøåíîãî ïðîåêòó Ô³íàíñóâàííÿ ïðîåêòó, çàáåçïå÷åííÿ òåõí³÷íîãî íàãëÿäó òà ðåàë³çàö³¿ çã³äíî ç âèìîãàìè ϳäðÿäíèêè Êîìïàí³¿, ÿê³ âèêîíóþòü áóä³âåëüí³ ðîáîòè çã³äíî ç âèìîãàìè çàìîâíèêà ³ â ðàìêàõ áþäæåòó òà òåðì³í³â Âèêîíàííÿ ðîá³ò â ìåæàõ áþäæåòó, ó âñòàíîâëåí³ òåðì³íè òà ç íàëåæíîþ ÿê³ñòþ Âèêîíàííÿ ðîá³ò ó â³äïîâ³äíîñò³ äî ïðîåêòíî¿ äîêóìåíòàö³¿, íîðì òà ñòàíäàðò³â ²íâåñòîðè Ô³íàíñóâàëüíèêè ïðîåêòó, çàö³êàâëåí³ â îòðèìàíí³ ïðèáóòêó â³ä ³íâåñòèö³é ó áóä³âíèöòâî Îòðèìàííÿ ïðèáóòêó â³ä âêëàäåíèõ êîøò³â ó ïðîåêò ÷åðåç ïðîäàæ àáî îðåíäó îá’ºêòà Ô³íàíñóâàííÿ ïðîåêòó, ìîí³òîðèíã âèòðàò ³ äîõ³äíîñò³, óïðàâë³ííÿ ðèçèêàìè Îðãàíè âëàäè Äåðæàâí³ àáî ì³ñöåâ³ îðãàíè, ùî ðåãóëþþòü ïðîöåñ áóä³âíèöòâà ³ çàáåçïå÷óþòü äîòðèìàííÿ íîðì ³ ñòàíäàðò³â Çàáåçïå÷åííÿ äîòðèìàííÿ âñ³õ íîðì áåçïåêè, åêîëîã³÷- íèõ ñòàíäàðò³â òà íîðìàòèâ³â ó áóä³âíèöòâ³ Êîíòðîëü çà âèêîíàííÿì íîðìàòèâíèõ âèìîã ³ ñòàíäàðò³â, íàäàííÿ äîçâîë³â íà áóä³âíèöòâî Ñïîæèâà÷³ ʳíöåâ³ êîðèñòóâà÷³ æèòëà, ÿê³ âèðàæàþòü ñâî¿ ïîòðåáè ÷åðåç âèìîãè äî ÿêîñò³, ö³íè ³ ëîêàö³¿ îá’ºêòà Ïðèäáàííÿ æèòëà ç âèñîêèìè õàðàêòåðèñòèêàìè ÿêîñò³, ö³íè ³ ì³ñöÿ ðîçòàøóâàííÿ Çàäîâîëåííÿ âèìîã äî ÿêîñò³ æèòëà òà ï³äòðèìêà ñòàíäàðò³â ó ñôåð³ áóä³âíèöòâà Ãðîìàäà ̳ñöåâ³ æèòåë³ òà îðãàí³çàö³¿, çàö³êàâëåí³ â åêîëîã³÷íèõ, ñîö³àëüíèõ ³ êóëüòóðíèõ àñïåêòàõ áóä³âíèöòâà Çàáåçïå÷åííÿ ïîçèòèâíîãî âïëèâó íà ³íôðàñòðóêòóðó òà ñîö³àëüíó ñôåðó ì³ñöåâî¿ ãðîìàäè Çàáåçïå÷åííÿ åêîëîã³÷íî¿ áåçïåêè, ï³äòðèìêà ñîö³àëüíèõ ³í³ö³àòèâ ³ ïîêðàùåííÿ ³íôðàñòðóêòóðè Òàáëèöÿ 1. Ïîð³âíÿííÿ îñíîâíèõ êîíöåïö³é ñòåéêõîëäåð³â ó æèòëîâîìó áóä³âíèöòâ³ Äæåðåëî: ðîçðîáëåíî àâòîðîì íà îñíîâ³ [20] Ðèñóíîê 1. Áëîê–ñõåìà êëàñèô³êàö³¿ ñòåéêõîëäåð³â ó æèòëîâîìó áóä³âíèöòâ³ ç ïîçíà÷åííÿì ¿õ ðîëåé, ³íòåðåñ³â ³ âçàºìîçâ’ÿçê³â Äæåðåëî: ðîçðîáëåíî àâòîðîì íà îñíîâ³ [5]
²ÍÍÎÂÀÖ²ÉÍΖ²ÍÂÅÑÒÈÖ²ÉÍÀ ÏÎ˲ÒÈÊÀ 57 ´ÎÐÌÓÂÀÍÍßÐÈÍÊÎÂÈÕÂÄÍÎÑÈͳÊÐÀÍ Âèð³øàëüíå çíà÷åííÿ äëÿ óñï³õó ïðîåêòó ìàþòü ñòðàòå㳿 âçàºìî䳿 òà êîìóí³êàö³é ñòåéêõîëð³â ó æèòëîâîìó áóä³âíèöòâ³. Åôåêòèâí³ñòü äàíèõ âçàºìîä³é âïëèâຠíà ñâîº÷àñíó ðåàë³çàö³þ, â³äïîâ³äí³ñòü âèìîãàì ÿêîñò³ òà áþäæåòíèì îáìåæåííÿì. Ó ïðîöåñ³ áóä³âíèöòâà êîæíà ãðóïà ñòåéêõîëäåð³â, â³ä çàìîâíèê³â äî ãðîìàäñüêîñò³, ìຠñâî¿ ³íòåðåñè, òîìó ïðàâèëüíà îðãàí³çàö³ÿ êîìóí³êàö³é äîñÿãຠáàëàíñó ì³æ öèìè ³íòåðåñàìè [6]. Íà åòàï³ ïðîåêòóâàííÿ òà ïëàíóâàííÿ âèçíà÷àþòüñÿ îñíîâí³ ô³íàíñîâ³ òà òåõí³÷í³ ïàðàìåòðè áóä³âíèöòâà, ïîòð³áíà âçàºìîä³ÿ ì³æ ï³äðÿäíèêàìè, ïðîåêòóâàëüíèêàìè òà çàìîâíèêàìè. Êîìóí³êàö³ÿ çàáåçïå÷óº ðîáîòó âñ³õ ó÷àñíèê³â òà óíèêຠçàòðèìîê ÷åðåç íåïðàâèëüíå òðàêòóâàííÿ âèìîã. Âèêîðèñòîâóºòüñÿ äëÿ öüîãî ð³çí³ ³íñòðóìåíòè óïðàâë³ííÿ, òàê³ ÿê BIM–ìîäåëþâàííÿ, ³íòåðàêòèâí³ ïëàòôîðìè äëÿ êîìóí³êàö³¿, ñèñòåìè óïðàâë³ííÿ ïðîºêòàìè (ERP–ñèñòåìè), âîíè äîçâîëÿþòü îáì³íþâàòèñÿ äàíèìè â ðåàëüíîìó ÷àñ³. Çà äîïîìîãîþ öüîãî çíèæóºòüñÿ ³ìîâ³ðí³ñòü ïîìèëîê ó äîêóìåíòàõ òà íåïåðåäáà÷óâàí³ âèòðàòè [7]. Êîëè ïðîåêòóºòüñÿ êîíêðåòíèé îá’ºêò ³ ðîçïî- ÷èíàþòüñÿ áóä³âåëüí³ ðîáîòè ïîòð³áíà âçàºìîä³ÿ ì³æ îðãàíàìè âëàäè, ï³äðÿäíèêàìè òà êîíòðîëüíèìè îðãàíàìè íà åòàï³ áóä³âíèöòâà. Êëþ÷îâèì áóäå äîòðèìàííÿ íîðì áåçïåêè, åêîëîã³÷íèõ ñòàíäàðò³â òà ñâîº÷àñíå ðåàãóâàííÿ íà ïèòàííÿ ³ ïðîáëåìè. Îðãàíè âëàäè êîíòðîëþþòü òåõí³÷- í³ âèìîãè òà ñîö³àëüí³ àñïåêòè, òàê³ ÿê ñòâîðåííÿ ³íôðàñòðóêòóðè äëÿ ìàéáóòí³õ ìåøêàíö³â, àäì³í³ñòðàòèâí³ çàâäàííÿ òà äîçâ³ëüí³ äîêóìåíòè. Äåÿê³ êîìóí³êàö³éí³ ïëàòôîðìè òà åëåêòðîíí³ ðåºñòðè ÿê³ ñòâîðåí³ ñïåö³àëüíî äëÿ öüîãî äîçâîëÿþòü îðãàíàì âëàäè îòðèìóâàòè âñþ ³íôîðìàö³þ ïðî õ³ä áóä³âíèöòâà òà â³äïîâ³äí³ñòü âèìîãàì [8]. Âàæëèâèìè äëÿ çàáåçïå÷åííÿ ñâîº÷àñíîãî âèêîíàííÿ ðîá³ò, ï³äâèùåííÿ åôåêòèâíîñò³ áóä³âåëüíîãî ïðîöåñó òà çáåðåæåííÿ áþäæåòó º ³íñòðóìåíòè óïðàâë³ííÿ âçàºìîä³þ ì³æ ñòåéêõîëäåðàìè íà ð³çíèõ åòàïàõ áóä³âíèöòâà. Íàéåôåêòèâí³øèì ³íñòðóìåíòîì º çàñòîñóâàííÿ CRM–ñèñòåì çà äîïîìîãîþ ÿêèõ ìîæíà êåðóâàòè âçàºìî䳺þ ç ³íâåñòîðàìè òà ñïîæèâà÷àìè. Âîíè àâòîìàòèçóþòü êîìóí³êàö³éí³ ïðîöåñè, çáèðàþòü çâîðîòíèé çâ’ÿçîê, ðåàãóþòü îïåðàòèâíî íà çàïèòè òà âåäóòü áàçó äàíèõ ïðî ê볺íò³â. Ùå îäíèì âàæëèâèì ³íñòðóìåíòîì º óïðàâë³ííÿ ïðîåêòîì ÷åðåç ñïåö³àëüí³ ïëàòôîðìè, ÿê³ ³íòåãðóþòü â îäíå ñåðåäîâèùå ô³íàíñîâ³, îðãàí³çàö³éí³ òà òåõí³÷í³ àñïåêòè. Çà äîïîìîãîþ öèõ àñïåêò³â óíèêàþòüñÿ çàéâ³ âèòðàòè òà çàòðèìêè [9]. ²íñòðóìåíòè òà ñòðàòå㳿 âçàºìî䳿 ì³æ ñòåéêõîëäåðàìè ì³í³ì³çóþòü ðèçèêè, ï³äâèùóþòü ïðîçîð³ñòü ïðîöåñ³â, çàáåçïå÷óþòü âèñîêèé ð³âåíü çàäîâîëåíîñò³ âñ³õ ó÷àñíèê³â. Äëÿ óñï³øíîãî çàâåðøåííÿ ïðîåêòó, ðîçâèòêó ³íôðàñòðóêòóðè, ñòâîðåííþ ñòàëîãî ñîö³àëüíîãî ñåðåäîâèùà òà ï³äâèùåííÿ ð³âíÿ ÿêîñò³ æèòòÿ ñïðèÿº çàëó÷åííÿ âñ³õ ñòåéêõîëäåð³â äî êîìóí³êàö³¿ íà êîæíîìó åòàï³ æèòëîâîãî áóä³âíèöòâà [10]. Åôåêòèâíîãî âèêîðèñòàííÿ ð³çíèõ ³íñòðóìåíò³â âèìàãຠóïðàâë³ííÿ ñòåéêõîëäåðàìè, ÿê³ âçàºìîä³þòü ì³æ óñ³ìà ó÷àñíèêàìè ïðîåêòó òà çíèæóþòü ðèçèêè, çàáåçïå÷óþ÷è äîñÿãíåííÿ ö³ëåé áóä³âíèöòâà. Îäíèìè ç ïåðøèõ ³íñòðóìåíò³â ñòàþòü ³íôîðìàö³éí³ ñèñòåìè, êîòð³ çàáåçïå÷óþòü öåíòðàë³çîâàíå çáåð³ãàííÿ, îáðîáêó äàíèõ òà ñâîº÷àñíèé îáì³í ³íôîðìàö³þ. Ñèñòåìè óïðàâë³ííÿ ïðîºêòàìè, òàê³ ÿê ERP (Enterprise Resource Planning) òà CRM (Customer Relationship Management), îðãàí³çîâóþòü åôåêòèâí³ êîìóí³êàö³¿, óïðàâë³ííÿ ðåñóðñàìè, ô³íàíñàìè òà ìîí³òîðèíã âèêîíàííÿ ðîá³ò. Ìîæíà ñë³äêóâàòè çà ñòàíîì áóä³âíèöòâà â ðåàëüíîìó ÷àñ³, îïåðàòèâíî ðåàãóâàòè íà â³äõèëåííÿ â³ä ïëàíó òà çä³éñíþâàòè óïðàâë³ííÿ âñ³ìà åòàïàìè ïðîåêòó çà äîïîìîãîþ öèõ ñèñòåì, êîòð³ çàáåçïå÷óþòü ïðîçîð³ñòü, ùî îñîáëèâî âàæëèâà äëÿ ðîáîòè ç ï³äðÿäíèêàìè, îðãàíàìè âëàäè, çàìîâíèêàìè òà ³íâåñòîðàìè [11]. Ïåðåãîâîðè º êëþ÷îâèì ³íñòðóìåíòîì óïðàâë³ííÿ. Çà äîïîìîãîþ öüîãî ïðîöåñó âèð³øóºòüñÿ êîíôë³êòè, çíàõîäÿòüñÿ îïòèìàëüí³ ð³øåííÿ, óçãîäæóºòüñÿ ³íòåðåñè ñòåéêõîëð³â, ïîãîäæóþòüñÿ çì³íè â ïðîåêòóâàíí³, ïëàíóâàííÿ áþäæåòó, òåðì³íàõ âèêîíàííÿ ðîá³ò òà óìîâàõ ñï³âïðàö³. Ïåðåãîâîðè áóâàþòü íå ôîðìàëüíèìè òà ôîðìàëüíèìè, ùî çàëåæèòü â³ä ñèòóàö³¿ òà ïèòàííÿ. Ìàþ÷è íàâè÷êè âåäåííÿ ïåðåãîâîð³â ìîæíà óíèêàòè àáî øâèäêî âèð³øóâàòè êîíôë³êòè, ÿê³ âèíèêàþòü ÷åðåç ð³çí³ ³íòåðåñè ñòåéêõîëð³â. ßêùî ïåðåãîâîðè ïðîâåäåí³ ïðàâèëüíî, òî âîíè çíèæóþòü ð³âåíü íàïðóãè ì³æ ó÷àñíèêàìè, ñïðèÿþòü âèð³øåííþ ïðîáëåì òà çàáåçïå÷óº ìàêñèìàëüíå çàäîâîëåííÿ óñ³õ çàö³êàâëåíèõ ñòîð³í [12]. Íàñòóïíèé àñïåêò öå óïðàâë³ííÿ î÷³êóâàííÿìè ñòåéêõîëäåð³â ó áóä³âíèöòâ³. Î÷³êóâàííÿ â³äð³çíÿþòüñÿ ó áàãàòüîõ, òîìó âàæëèâî êîìóí³êóâàòè íà ð³çíèõ åòàïàõ ïðî ðåàë³ñòè÷í³ òåðì³íè, âèòðàòè òà ðèçèêè, ùî äîçâîëÿº óíèêíóòè ðîç÷àðóâàíü
²ÍÍÎÂÀÖ²ÉÍΖ²ÍÂÅÑÒÈÖ²ÉÍÀ ÏÎ˲ÒÈÊÀ 58 ´ÎÐÌÓÂÀÍÍßÐÈÍÊÎÂÈÕÂÄÍÎÑÈͳÊÐÀÍ ó ê³íöåâèõ êîðèñòóâà÷³â, çàìîâíèê³â òà ³íâåñòîð³â. Î÷³êóâàííÿ ïåðåäáà÷àþòü âñòàíîâëåíî ÷³òê³ êðèòå𳿠äëÿ òîãî, ùîá äîñÿãàòè ðåçóëüòàò³â òà çàáåçïå÷åíî â³äêðèòî êîìóí³êàö³þ ïðî çì³íè â ïëàíàõ, ùî äîçâîëÿº ñòåéêõîëäåðîì ðåàë³ñòè÷- í³øå áà÷èòè ïðîåêò, çìåíøóâàòè ³ìîâ³ðí³ñòü âèíèêíåííÿ íåïîðîçóì³íü òà äîïîìàãàòè çáåð³ãàòè ïîçèòèâí³ â³äíîñèíè [12]. Ðèçèêè, ÿê³ ïîâ’ÿçàí³ ç êîìóí³êàö³þ ñòåéêõîëäåð³â âàæëèâèé åòàï ó áóä³âíèöòâ³, åôåêòèâíà êîìóí³êàö³ÿ ïðèçâîäèòü äî ïðîáëåì, êîòð³ âïëèâàþòü íà óñï³øí³ñòü ïðîåêòó. Êîìóí³êàö³éí³ ðèçèêè ó æèòëîâîìó áóä³âíèöòâ³ âèíèêàþòü ÷åðåç íåóçãîäæåí³ñòü ì³æ ó÷àñíèêàìè, íåäîîö³íêó âàæëèâîñò³ ³íôîðìóâàííÿ, â³äñóòí³ñòü ÷³òêèõ êàíàë³â îáì³íó òà ÷åðåç íåïîðîçóì³ííÿ ùîäî âèìîã òà î÷³êóâàííÿ. Äàí³ ðèçèêè ïðîÿâëÿþòüñÿ íà ð³çíèõ åòàïàõ ïðîåêòó, ïî÷èíàþ÷è â³ä ïëàíóâàííÿ òà äî çäàòíîñò³ ñïîæèâà÷³â îòðèìóâàòè áàæàíèé ðåçóëüòàò [13]. Îñíîâíèé ðèçèê ÿêèé ïîâ’ÿçàíèé ç êîìóí³êàö³þ áóäå íååôåêòèâíà àáî íåäîñòàòíÿ ïåðåäà÷à ³íôîðìàö³¿ ì³æ ï³äðÿäíèêàìè, ³íâåñòîðàìè, çàìîâíèêàìè òà ³íøèìè ñòåéêõîëäåðàìè. Ç’ÿâëÿþòüñÿ ïîìèëêè ó ïðîåêòóâàíí³ àáî â áóä³âåëüíèõ ðîáîòàõ ÷åðåç ùî çá³ëüøóºòüñÿ çàòðèìêè òà âèòðàòè. Íåòî÷í³ ³íñòðóêö³¿ àáî íåÿñí³ âèìîãè ñïðè÷èíÿþòü çíà÷í³ âèòðàòè íà òå, ùîá âèïðàâèòè ïîìèëêè àáî ïåðåðîáèòè ÷àñòèíó ïðîåêòó. ²íøèé ðèçèê áóäå âèíèêàòè ÷åðåç íåäîñòàòí³ óïðàâë³ííÿ î÷³êóâàííÿìè ñòåéêõîëð³â, êîëè î÷³êóâàííÿ íå â³äïîâ³äàþòü ðåàëüíîñò³ ïðîåêòó, ùî ïðèçâîäèòü äî êîíôë³êò³â, ðîç÷àðóâàíü òà ìîæëèâî¿ â³äìîâè â³ä ïîäàëüøî¿ ó÷àñò³ â ïðîåêò³ [13]. Äîäàòêîâèé ðèçèê ñòîñóºòüñÿ â³äñóòíîñò³ çâîðîòíîãî çâ’ÿçêó, ÿêùî ñòåéêõîëäåðè íå áóäóòü îòðèìóâàòè ñâîº÷àñíî¿ ³íôîðìàö³¿ ïðî çì³íè â ïðîåêò³ àáî âèêîíàííÿ ðîá³ò, ùî ìîæå âïëèíóòè íà çäàòí³ñòü ñïðèéìàííÿ îáãðóíòîâàíèõ ð³øåíü òà â ê³íöåâîìó ï³äñóìêó ïîçíà÷èòüñÿ íà åôåêòèâíîñò³ óïðàâë³ííÿ. ²íâåñòîðè íå ïîãîäæóºòüñÿ ³ç çì³íàìè áþäæåòó àáî òåðì³íàìè âèêîíàííÿ ðîá³ò òîìó, ùî íå îòðèìàëè â³äïîâ³äíó ³íôîðìàö³þ àáî áóëè íåäîñòàòíüî ïðî³íôîðìîâàí³ ïðî ïðè÷èíè çì³í. Ñèòóàö³¿ ïðèçâîäÿòü äî âòðàòè äîâ³ðè, â äåÿêèõ âèïàäêàõ äî ô³íàíñîâèõ òà þðèäè÷íèõ íàñë³äê³â [13]. Íèæ÷å íàâåäåíà òàáëèöÿ 2 ïîð³âíþº ãîëîâí³ ³íñòðóìåíòè óïðàâë³ííÿ ñòåéêõîëäåðàìè, êîòð³ âèêîðèñòîâóþòüñÿ ó æèòëîâîìó áóä³âíèöòâ³ òà îö³íþº ¿õ åôåêòèâí³ñòü. ²íñòðóìåíòè ìàþòü ñâîþ ñïåöèô³êó òà çàñòîñîâóþòüñÿ íà ð³çíèõ åòàïàõ, ùîá çàáåçïå÷èòè íàëåæíó âçàºìîä³þ óñ³õ ó÷àñíèê³â. Çà äîïîìîãîþ îãëÿäó ³íñòðóìåíò³â ìîæíà âèçíà÷èòè íå åôåêòèâí³ø³ ñòðàòå㳿 äëÿ âçàºìî䳿 ç ãðóïàìè ñòåéêõîëð³â, ùî çíèæóþòü ðèçèêè, çàÒàáëèöÿ 2. ²íñòðóìåíòè óïðàâë³ííÿ ñòåéêõîëäåðàìè òà ¿õ åôåêòèâí³ñòü ó æèòëîâîìó áóä³âíèöòâ³ ²íñòðóìåíò óïðàâë³ííÿ ñòåéêõîëäåðàìè Îïèñ ³íñòðóìåíòó Åôåêòèâí³ñòü ó æèòëîâîìó áóä³âíèöòâ³ ²íôîðìàö³éí³ ñèñòåìè (ERP, CRM, BIM) Öèôðîâ³ ïëàòôîðìè äëÿ óïðàâë³ííÿ äàíèìè ïðîåêòó, êîîðäèíàö³¿ ó÷àñíèê³â, êîìóí³êàö³¿ ç ê볺íòàìè òà ïîñòà÷àëüíèêàìè Âèñîêà åôåêòèâí³ñòü çàâäÿêè àâòîìàòèçàö³¿ ïðîöåñ³â, ìîí³òîðèíãó äàíèõ ó ðåàëüíîìó ÷àñ³, òî÷íîñò³ òà øâèäêîñò³ îáì³íó ³íôîðìàö³ºþ Ïåðåãîâîðè Ïðîöåñ äîìîâëåíîñòåé ì³æ ó÷àñíèêàìè ïðîåêòó äëÿ óçãîäæåííÿ âèìîã, óìîâ òà ð³øåíü Âèñîêà åôåêòèâí³ñòü äëÿ âèð³øåííÿ êîíôë³êòíèõ ñèòóàö³é, çàáåçïå÷åííÿ êîìïðîì³ñ³â òà äîñÿãíåííÿ óãîä, ïîòðåáóº êâàë³ô³êîâàíèõ âåäó÷èõ ïåðåãîâîð³â Óïðàâë³ííÿ î÷³êóâàííÿìè Ìåòîäèêà âñòàíîâëåííÿ ðåàë³ñòè÷íèõ ö³ëåé, ³íôîðìóâàííÿ ïðî ìîæëèâ³ çì³íè, óïðàâë³ííÿ ïðîãíîçàìè òà çàïîá³ãàííÿ ïåðåâèùåííþ î÷³êóâàíü Çíèæóº ðèçèêè ðîç÷àðóâàííÿ ñòåéêõîëäåð³â, äîçâîëÿº óíèêíóòè êîíôë³êò³â òà çàáåçïå÷èòè ðîçóì³ííÿ ì³æ óñ³ìà ó÷àñíèêàìè ïðîåêòó Ãðîìàäñüê³ ñëóõàííÿ òà êîíñóëüòàö³¿ Ïðîöåñ çáîðó ãðîìàäñüêèõ äóìîê ³ çãîäè íà åòàïàõ ïëàíóâàííÿ òà áóä³âíèöòâà ÷åðåç îðãàí³çàö³þ ñëóõàíü, çóñòð³÷åé ³ îáãîâîðåíü Ñïðèÿº çàëó÷åííþ ãðîìàäè, çìåíøåííþ îïîçèö³¿ òà ïîêðàùåííþ ñïðèéíÿòòÿ ïðîåêòó, ìîæå áóòè âèàòíèì çà ÷àñîì ³ ðåñóðñàìè Îíëàéí–ïëàòôîðìè äëÿ çâîðîòíîãî çâ’ÿçêó ²íòåðíåò–ðåñóðñè òà ìîá³ëüí³ äîäàòêè äëÿ çáîðó â³äãóê³â â³ä ìåøêàíö³â, ïîêóïö³â àáî ³íøèõ ñòåéêõîëäåð³â òà äëÿ îáãîâîðåííÿ çì³í ó ïðîåêò³ Äîçâîëÿº îòðèìóâàòè îïåðàòèâíèé çâîðîòíèé çâ’ÿçîê, çíèæóâàòè éìîâ³ðí³ñòü íåçàäîâîëåííÿ, ìîæå áóòè âàæêî ³íòåãðóâàòè â òðàäèö³éí³ ïðîöåñè Äæåðåëî: ðîçðîáëåíî àâòîðîì íà îñíîâ³ [14]
²ÍÍÎÂÀÖ²ÉÍΖ²ÍÂÅÑÒÈÖ²ÉÍÀ ÏÎ˲ÒÈÊÀ 59 ´ÎÐÌÓÂÀÍÍßÐÈÍÊÎÂÈÕÂÄÍÎÑÈͳÊÐÀÍ áåçïå÷èòü óñï³øíå çàâåðøåííÿ ïðîåêòó òà ï³äâèùèòü ïðîçîð³ñòü ïðîöåñ³â. Ðèñóíîê 2 ïîêàçóº ñõåìó âçàºìî䳿 ð³çíèõ ãðóï ñòåéêõîëð³â ÷åðåç óïðàâë³íñüê³ ïðîöåñè òà ³íôîðìàö³éí³ êàíàëè. Ñõåìà â³äîáðàæຠêîæíèé åòàï æèòëîâîãî áóä³âíèöòâà, ÿê îðãàí³çîâóþòüñÿ òà êîìóí³êóþòü ì³æ ó÷àñíèêàìè ïðîåêòó. Íà ñõåì³ çîáðàæåíî, ÿê åôåêòèâíå âèêîðèñòàííÿ ³íôîðìàö³éíèõ ïëàòôîðì, çâîðîòíîãî çâ’ÿçêó òà ïåðåãîâîð³â âïëèâຠíà óñï³õ ïðîåêòó òà äîñÿãàííÿ çàïëàíîâàíèõ ö³ëåé. Ðîëü ñòåéêõîëð³â ó æèòëîâîìó áóä³âíèöòâ³ âèçíà- ÷àºòüñÿ çà ¿õí³ìè ³íòåðåñàìè òà â³äïîâ³äàëüí³ñòþ íà ð³çíèõ åòàïàõ ïðîåêòó. ²íâåñòîðè òà çàìîâíèêè îñíîâí³ äðàéâåðà ô³íàíñóâàííÿ, ï³äðÿäíèêè âèêîíóº öþ ðîáîòó äî âèìîã ñòàíäàðò³â, îðãàíè âëàäè êîíòðîëþþòü ñòàíäàðòè òà äîòðèìàííÿ íîðì, ñïîæèâà÷³ âèñëîâëþþòü âèìîãè äî ö³íè òà ÿêîñò³, à ãðîìàäà çàáåçïå÷óº ñîö³àëüíå òà åêîëîã³÷íà â³äïîâ³äàëüí³ñòü ïðîåêòó. Äëÿ çàáåçïå÷åííÿ âèêîðèñòîâóþòüñÿ ð³çí³ ³íôîðìàö³éí³ ñèñòåìè, óïðàâë³ííÿ î÷³êóâàííÿìè òà ïåðåãîâîðè. Ñòðàòå㳿 çíèæóþòü ðèçèêè, óíèêàþòü íåïîðîçóì³íü, óñï³øíî çàâåðøóþòü ðîáîòó òà çàáåçïå÷óþòü ñòàá³ëüí³ñòü. Ñïèñîê âèêîðèñòàíèõ äæåðåë: 1. Ðèæàêîâ, Ä. À. «²íôîðìàö³éíî–àíàë³òè÷í³ íîâàö³¿ òà á³çíåñ–ìîäåë³ óïðàâë³ííÿ ï³äïðèºìñòâîì ó ñó÷àñí³é ñèñòåì³ áóä³âåëüíîãî äåâåëîïìåíòó». – Óïðàâë³ííÿ ðîçâèòêîì ñêëàäíèõ ñèñòåì. – Êè¿â: ÍÒÓÓ «Êϲ», 2021. – Ñ. 103– 112. – [Åëåêòðîííèé ðåñóðñ]. – Ðåæèì äîñòóïó: https:// urss.knuba.edu.ua/ua/zbirnyk–39/article–1328. 2. ³çåÊëóá. «Ñòåéêõîëäåðè ïðîºêòó: õòî òàê³ òà ÷îìó âàæëèâî íàëàãîäèòè ç íèìè êîìóí³êàö³þ». – WizeClub. – 2023. – [Åëåêòðîííèé ðåñóðñ]. – Ðåæèì äîñòóïó: https://wizeclub.education/blog/stejkholderi– proyektu–hto–taki–ta–chomu–vazhlivo–nalagoditi–z– nimi–komunikatsiyu/. 3. Chupryna, I., Tormosov, R., Abzhanova, D., Gonchar, V., & Plys, N. (2022). Scientific and methodological approaches to risk management of clean energy projects implemented in Ukraine on the terms of public– private partnership. In 2022 International Conference on Smart Information Systems and Technologies (SIST). 4. Àçàðîâà, Í. ². «Ìåòîäè óïðàâë³ííÿ ïðîåêòàìè áóä³âåëüíèõ îðãàí³çàö³é íà îñíîâ³ ñèñòåìè óïðàâë³íñüêèõ ³íäèêàòîð³â». – Äèñåðòàö³ÿ íà çäîáóòòÿ íàóêîâîãî ñòóïåíÿ êàíäèäàòà åêîíîì³÷íèõ íàóê. – Õàðê³â: Õàðê³âñüêèé íàö³îíàëüíèé óí³âåðñèòåò áóä³âíèöòâà òà àðõ³òåêòóðè, 2021. – [Åëåêòðîííèé ðåñóðñ]. – Ðåæèì äîñòóïó: https://radapm.kname.edu.ua/images/ Disser/Azarova_d.pdf. 5. Ñîðîêà, ². Ì. «Ôîðìóâàííÿ ³ííîâàö³éíî¿ ñòðàòå㳿 â óïðàâë³íí³ ïðîåêòàìè áóä³âåëüíèõ êîìïàí³é». – Äèñåðòàö³ÿ íà çäîáóòòÿ íàóêîâîãî ñòóïåíÿ êàíäèäàòà åêîíîì³÷íèõ íàóê. – ³ííèöüêèé íàö³îíàëüíèé òåõí³÷íèé óí³âåðñèòåò, 2021. – [Åëåêòðîííèé ðåñóðñ]. – Ðåæèì äîñòóïó: https://ir.lib.vntu.edu.ua/ Ðèñóíîê 2. Ñõåìà âçàºìî䳿 ñòåéêõîëäåð³â ÷åðåç ³íôîðìàö³éí³ êàíàëè òà óïðàâë³íñüê³ ïðîöåñè Äæåðåëî: ðîçðîáëåíî àâòîðîì íà îñíîâ³ [15]
²ÍÍÎÂÀÖ²ÉÍΖ²ÍÂÅÑÒÈÖ²ÉÍÀ ÏÎ˲ÒÈÊÀ 60 ´ÎÐÌÓÂÀÍÍßÐÈÍÊÎÂÈÕÂÄÍÎÑÈͳÊÐÀÍ bitstream/handle/123456789/36231/114915. pdf?sequence=2&isAllowed=y. 6. Shpakova, H., Chupryna, I., Ivakhnenko, I., Zinchenko, M., & Plys, N. (2024). Tools for assessing the competitiveness of a construction company as a contractor in public– private partnership projects. In 2024 IEEE 4th International Conference on Smart Information Systems and Technologies (SIST) (pp. 473–481). 7. Ôåäîðîâà, Ë. Ñ. «Óïðàâë³ííÿ ïðîåêòàìè â áóä³âíèöòâ³: òåîð³ÿ òà ïðàêòèêà». – Á³áë³îòåêà åëåêòðîííèõ êíèã. – 2021. – [Åëåêòðîííèé ðåñóðñ]. – Ðåæèì äîñòóïó: https://buklib.net/books/23851/. 8. Ìåëüíèê, À. Ñ. «Ìåòîäè óïðàâë³ííÿ ïðîåêòàìè â óìîâàõ íåâèçíà÷åíîñò³ òà ðèçèêó». – Äèñåðòàö³ÿ íà çäîáóòòÿ íàóêîâîãî ñòóïåíÿ êàíäèäàòà òåõí³÷íèõ íàóê. – ³ííèöüêèé íàö³îíàëüíèé òåõí³÷íèé óí³âåðñèòåò, 2021. – [Åëåêòðîííèé ðåñóðñ]. – Ðåæèì äîñòóïó: https://ir.lib.vntu.edu. ua/bitstream/handle/123456789/36231/114915. pdf?sequence=2&isAllowed=y. 9. Ðèæàêîâ, Ä. À., Ïîêîëåíêî, Â. Î., Ïåòðóõà, Ñ. Â. «²íôîðìàö³éíî–àíàë³òè÷í³ íîâàö³¿ òà á³çíåñ–ìîäåë³ óïðàâë³ííÿ ï³äïðèºìñòâîì ó ñó÷àñí³é ñèñòåì³ áóä³âåëüíîãî äåâåëîïìåíòó». – Óïðàâë³ííÿ ðîçâèòêîì ñêëàäíèõ ñèñòåì. – Êè¿â: ÍÒÓÓ «Êϲ», 2022. – Ñ. 103–112. – [Åëåêòðîííèé ðåñóðñ]. – Ðåæèì äîñòóïó: https://urss. knuba.edu.ua/ua/zbirnyk–54/article–1675. 10. E5. «Ïðàâèëüíà êîìóí³êàö³ÿ ç³ ñòåéêõîëäåðàìè: âàæëèâà íàâè÷êà á³çíåñ–àíàë³òèêà». – E5. – 2023. – [Åëåêòðîííèé ðåñóðñ]. – Ðåæèì äîñòóïó: https:// e5.ua/uk/blogpost–2/pravylna–komunikatsiya–zi– stejkholderamy–vazhlyva–navychka–biznes–analityka/. 11. FlexiProject. «Óïðàâë³ííÿ ñòåéêõîëäåðàìè ïðîåêòó: ÿê çàáåçïå÷èòè óñï³õ». – FlexiProject. – 2023. – [Åëåêòðîííèé ðåñóðñ]. – Ðåæèì äîñòóïó: https://surl.lu/xiqdih 12. Ã.Ì. Ðèæàêîâà, Þ.À. ×óïðèíà. Ôîðìóâàííÿ áóä³âåëüíîãî êëàñòåðó ó ôîðìàò³ äåðæàâíèõ ³íâåñòèö³éíèõ ö³ëüîâèõ ïðîãðàì // Çá³ðíèê íàóêîâèõ ïðàöü «Øëÿõè ï³äâèùåííÿ åôåêòèâíîñò³ áóä³âíèöòâà â óìîâàõ ôîðìóâàííÿ ðèíêîâèõ â³äíîñèí». – Âèï. 40. – Ê.: ÊÍÓÁÀ, 2019. – ñ. 19–24. http://ways.knuba.edu.ua/issue/view/11913. 13. ×óïðèíà Þ.À. Ñòðàòå㳿 ðåêîíô³ãóðàö³¿ á³çíåñ– ïðîöåñ³â áóä³âåëüíèõ ï³äïðèºìñòâ / Õ.Ì. ×óïðèíà, Ì.Â. Áîðîäàâêî, Ä.Î. Ãàâð³êîâ// Óïðàâë³ííÿ ðîçâèòêîì ñêëàäíèõ ñèñòåì. – 2020. – ¹ 41. – Ñ. 169 – 174. 14. FoxMinded. «Ñòåéêõîëäåðè: õòî öå òà ÷îìó ¿õ âàæëèâî âðàõîâóâàòè â ïðîåêòàõ?». – FoxMinded. – 2023. – [Åëåêòðîííèé ðåñóðñ]. – Ðåæèì äîñòóïó: https:// foxminded.ua/stejkkholdery/. 15. ×åðåäíèê, Î. Ì. «Óïðàâë³ííÿ ïðîåêòàìè â óìîâàõ íåâèçíà÷åíîñò³: ìåòîäè òà ³íñòðóìåíòè». – Äèñåðòàö³ÿ íà çäîáóòòÿ íàóêîâîãî ñòóïåíÿ êàíäèäàòà åêîíîì³÷íèõ íàóê. – Êè¿â: Íàö³îíàëüíèé óí³âåðñèòåò «Êèºâî–Ìîãèëÿíñüêà àêàäåì³ÿ», 2021. – [Åëåêòðîííèé ðåñóðñ]. – Ðåæèì äîñòóïó: https://ekmair.ukma.edu.ua/server/ api/core/bitstreams/bf126aee–3e3c–4874– a5db–f438ac619a5c/content. References: 1. Ryzhakov, D. A. Information–Analytical Innovations and Business Models of Enterprise Management in the Modern System of Construction Development. – Management of Complex Systems. – Kyiv: NTUU «KPI», 2021. – P. 103– 112. – [Electronic resource]. – Access mode: https:// urss.knuba.edu.ua/ua/zbirnyk–39/article–1328 2. WizeClub. Project Stakeholders: Who They Are and Why It’s Important to Establish Communication with Them. – WizeClub. – 2023. – [Electronic resource]. – Access mode: https://wizeclub.education/blog/stejkholderi–proyektu–hto–taki–ta–chomu–vazhlivo–nalagoditi–z–nimi–komunikatsiyu/ 3. Chupryna, I., Tormosov, R., Abzhanova, D., Gonchar, V., & Plys, N. (2022). Scientific and Methodological Approaches to Risk Management of Clean Energy Projects Implemented in Ukraine on the Terms of Public–Private Partnership. In 2022 International Conference on Smart Information Systems and Technologies (SIST). 4. Azarova, N. I. Methods of Project Management in Construction Companies Based on the System of Management Indicators. – Dissertation for the degree of Candidate of Economic Sciences. – Kharkiv: Kharkiv National University of Civil Engineering and Architecture, 2021. – [Electronic resource]. – Access mode: https:// radapm.kname.edu.ua/images/Disser/Azarova_d.pdf 5. Soroka, I. M. Formation of an Innovation Strategy in the Management of Construction Company Projects. – Dissertation for the degree of Candidate of Economic Sciences. – Vinnytsia National Technical University, 2021. – [Electronic resource]. – Access mode: https://ir.lib.vntu.edu. ua/bitstream/handle/123456789/36231/114915. pdf?sequence=2&isAllowed=y 6. Shpakova, H., Chupryna, I., Ivakhnenko, I., Zinchenko, M., & Plys, N. (2024). Tools for Assessing the Competitiveness of a Construction Company as a Contractor in Public–Private Partnership Projects. In 2024 IEEE 4th International Conference on Smart Information Systems and Technologies (SIST), 473–481. 7. Fedorova, L. S. Project Management in Construction: Theory and Practice. – Electronic Book Library. – 2021. – [Electronic resource]. – Access mode: https:// buklib.net/books/23851/
²ÍÍÎÂÀÖ²ÉÍΖ²ÍÂÅÑÒÈÖ²ÉÍÀ ÏÎ˲ÒÈÊÀ 61 ´ÎÐÌÓÂÀÍÍßÐÈÍÊÎÂÈÕÂÄÍÎÑÈͳÊÐÀÍ 8. Melnyk, A. S. Project Management Methods under Uncertainty and Risk. – Dissertation for the degree of Candidate of Technical Sciences. – Vinnytsia National Technical University, 2021. – [Electronic resource]. – Access mode: https://ir.lib.vntu.edu.ua/ bitstream/handle/123456789/36231/114915. pdf?sequence=2&isAllowed=y 9. Ryzhakov, D. A., Pokolenko, V. O., Petrukha, S. V. Information–Analytical Innovations and Business Models of Enterprise Management in the Modern Construction Development System. – Management of Complex Systems. – Kyiv: NTUU «KPI», 2022. – P. 103–112. – [Electronic resource]. – Access mode: https://urss. knuba.edu.ua/ua/zbirnyk–54/article–1675 10. E5. Proper Communication with Stakeholders: An Important Skill for a Business Analyst. – E5. – 2023. – [Electronic resource]. – Access mode: https://e5.ua/ uk/blogpost–2/pravylna–komunikatsiya–zi–stejkholderamy–vazhlyva–navychka–biznes–analityka/ 11. FlexiProject. Project Stakeholder Management: How to Ensure Success. – FlexiProject. – 2023. – [Electronic resource]. – Access mode: https://surl. lu/xiqdih 12. Ryzhakova, H. M., Chupryna, Y. A. Formation of a Construction Cluster within the Format of State Investment Target Programs. – Collected Scientific Papers «Ways to Increase Construction Efficiency in the Conditions of Market Relations Formation». – Iss. 40. – Kyiv: KNUCA, 2019. – P. 19–24. – [Electronic resource]. – Access mode: http://ways.knuba.edu.ua/issue/ view/11913 13. Chupryna, Y. A., Borodavko, M. V., Havrikov, D. O. Strategies for Reconfiguring Business Processes of Construction Enterprises. – Management of Complex Systems. – 2020. – No. 41. – P. 169–174. 14. FoxMinded. Stakeholders: Who They Are and Why It’s Important to Consider Them in Projects. – FoxMinded. – 2023. – [Electronic resource]. – Access mode: https://foxminded.ua/stejkkholdery/ 15. Cherednyk, O. M. Project Management in Uncertainty: Methods and Tools. – Dissertation for the degree of Candidate of Economic Sciences. – Kyiv: National University «Kyiv–Mohyla Academy», 2021. – [Electronic resource]. – Access mode: https://ekmair.ukma.edu.ua/server/api/core/bitstreams/ bf126aee–3e3c–4874–a5db–f438ac619a5c/ content Äàí³ ïðî àâòîð³â Ïîêîëåíêî Âàäèì Îëåãîâè÷, ïðîôåñîð êàôåäðè ìåíåäæìåíòó â áóä³âíèöòâ³, Êè- ¿âñüêèé íàö³îíàëüíèé óí³âåðñèòåò áóä³âíèöòâà ³ àðõ³òåêòóðè, ì. Êè¿â ORCID: https://orcid.org/ 0000–0003–1750–5964 e–mail:[email protected] Àíàíêî ªãîð ²âàíîâè÷, àñï³ðàíò êàôåäðè ìåíåäæìåíòó â áóä³âíèöòâ³, Êè¿âñüêèé íàö³îíàëüíèé óí³âåðñèòåò áóä³âíèöòâà ³ àðõ³òåêòóðè, ì. Êè¿â ORCID: https://orcid.org/ 0009–0002–7929–4103 e–mail:[email protected] Êîâàëåíêî ³òàë³é ³êòîðîâè÷, àñï³ðàíò êàôåäðè ìåíåäæìåíòó â áóä³âíèöòâ³, Êè¿âñüêèé íàö³îíàëüíèé óí³âåðñèòåò áóä³âíèöòâà ³ àðõ³òåêòóðè, ì. Êè¿â ORCID: https://orcid.org/ 0009–0003–2327–2877 e–mail:[email protected] Ãóëÿºâ Äìèòðî Àíàòîë³éîâè÷, àñï³ðàíò êàôåäðè ìåíåäæìåíòó â áóä³âíèöòâ³, Êè¿âñüêèé íàö³îíàëüíèé óí³âåðñèòåò áóä³âíèöòâà ³ àðõ³òåêòóðè, ì. Êè¿â ORCID: https://orcid.org/ 0000–0002–0223–2142 e–mail:[email protected] Data about the authors Vadym Pokolenko, Professor of the Department of Management in Construction, Kyiv National University of Construction and Architecture, Kyiv e–mail:[email protected] Yehor Ananko, PhD student of the Department of Management in Construction, Kyiv National University of Construction and Architecture, Kyiv e–mail:[email protected] Vitalii Kovalenko, PhD student of the Department of Management in Construction, Kyiv National University of Construction and Architecture, Kyiv e–mail:[email protected] Dmytro Huliaiev, PhD student of the Department of Management in Construction, Kyiv National University of Construction and Architecture, Kyiv e–mail:[email protected]