CLINICAL AND AUDIOLOGICAL ASSESSMENT OF PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC SUPPURATIVE OTITIS MEDIA

Dekabr, 2025-Yil 319 CLINICAL AND AUDIOLOGICAL ASSESSMENT OF PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC SUPPURATIVE OTITIS MEDIA Fozilova Nozila Inoyatilloyevna PhD student, Department of Otorhinolaryngology No. 1, Samarkand State Medical University. Professor Khushvakova Nilufar Jurakulovna Head of the Department of Otorhinolaryngology No. 1, Samarkand State Medical University. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.18047858 Introduction Chronic suppurative otitis media (CSOM) remains one of the most prevalent chronic infectious diseases of the middle ear, particularly in developing countries, and represents a significant cause of preventable hearing loss. The disease is characterized by persistent inflammation of the middle ear cleft associated with tympanic membrane perforation and recurrent or continuous otorrhea lasting more than three months. CSOM leads not only to conductive hearing impairment but, in advanced or complicated cases, to mixed or sensorineural hearing loss due to inner ear involvement. The condition adversely affects communication ability, educational performance, and quality of life, especially in young and working-age populations. Despite advances in diagnostic and therapeutic approaches, late presentation and inadequate management remain common. Therefore, comprehensive clinical and audiological evaluation is essential for accurate diagnosis, assessment of disease severity, identification of complications, and planning of optimal treatment strategies. Objective The objective of this study was to evaluate the clinical features and audiological characteristics of patients with chronic suppurative otitis media and to determine the pattern and degree of hearing loss associated with different clinical forms of the disease. Materials and Methods This study was conducted at the Department of Otorhinolaryngology No. 1 of Samarkand State Medical University. A total of patients diagnosed with chronic suppurative otitis media were included in the study. All patients underwent a detailed clinical assessment, including collection of medical history with emphasis on disease duration, frequency of otorrhea, previous treatments, and associated symptoms such as hearing loss, tinnitus, and dizziness. Otoscopic and otomicroscopic examinations were performed to evaluate the condition of the external auditory canal, tympanic membrane perforation, presence of granulation tissue, cholesteatoma, and middle ear discharge. Audiological evaluation included pure tone audiometry to assess air and bone conduction thresholds across standard frequencies, determination of the type and degree of hearing loss, and speech audiometry where applicable. Tympanometry was used in selected cases to assess middle ear function in the contralateral ear or in ears with marginal perforations. The obtained data were analyzed to identify correlations between clinical findings and audiological outcomes. Dekabr, 2025-Yil 320 Results The majority of patients presented with long-standing ear discharge and progressive hearing loss. Central tympanic membrane perforations were more commonly observed, while marginal or attic perforations were associated with more severe clinical manifestations. Audiological assessment revealed that conductive hearing loss was the predominant type in most patients, particularly in cases with simple mucosal disease. Mixed hearing loss was detected in patients with prolonged disease duration, recurrent infections, or suspected ossicular chain involvement. The degree of hearing loss ranged from mild to severe, with higher thresholds observed at lower and mid frequencies. Patients with cholesteatomatous CSOM demonstrated greater hearing impairment compared to those with non-cholesteatomatous forms. A clear association was noted between the size of tympanic membrane perforation, duration of disease, and severity of hearing loss. Discussion The findings of this study confirm that chronic suppurative otitis media is strongly associated with significant auditory dysfunction, predominantly of the conductive type. Persistent inflammation and structural damage to the tympanic membrane and ossicular chain play a key role in hearing deterioration. Mixed hearing loss in advanced cases may indicate toxic or inflammatory effects on the inner ear structures. The results emphasize the importance of early diagnosis and regular audiological monitoring in patients with CSOM. Comprehensive clinical and audiological assessment allows timely identification of patients at risk of complications and severe hearing loss, facilitating appropriate medical or surgical intervention. These findings are consistent with data reported in the literature, highlighting CSOM as a major contributor to avoidable hearing impairment. Conclusion Chronic suppurative otitis media is a significant cause of long-term hearing loss and morbidity. Detailed clinical examination combined with thorough audiological assessment provides essential information for evaluating disease severity and functional hearing status. Early detection, proper management, and regular follow-up are crucial to prevent progression of hearing loss and improve patient outcomes. Comprehensive assessment should be considered a mandatory component in the management of patients with chronic suppurative otitis media. References: 1. Taxsinovna N. M. et al. VESTIBULAR VASCULAR REACTIONS IN ASSESSMENT OF VESTIBULAR DYSFUNCTION IN PATIENTS WITH CRANIOCEREBRAL TRAUMA //INNOVATIVE ACHIEVEMENTS IN SCIENCE 2024. – 2024. – Т. 3. – №. 29. – С. 104-111. 2. Uskov A. et al. Modern methods of therapeutic fasting as a way to overcome the pharmacoresistance of mental pathology //Science and innovation. – 2023. – Т. 2. – №. D12. – С. 179-185. 3. Abdukodirova S., SPECIFIC CHARACTERISTICS AND TREATMENT OF ACUTE OBSTRUCTIVE BRONCHITIS IN CHILDREN OF EARLY AGE //Science and innovation. – 2023. – Т. 2. – №. D11. – С. 5-8. Dekabr, 2025-Yil 321 4. Tahirova J. et al. Insomnia problem causes of sleep disorder, help measures at home //Science and innovation. – 2022. – Т. 1. – №. D8. – С. 521-525. 5. Sultanov S. et al. Long-term salbi effects of the covid-19 pandemic on the health of existing residents of alcohol addiction //Science and innovation. – 2023. – Т. 2. – №. D11. – С. 430-438. 6. Madaminov M., Breast cancer detection methods, symptoms, causes, treatment //Science and innovation. – 2022. – Т. 1. – №. D8. – С. 530-535. 7. Khaitov A. A. et al. Optimization of one-stage sanitation of the nasopharynx and tympanic 8. cavity in case of recurrent exudative otitis media // Current scientific research in the modern 9. world. - 2018. - No. 1-8. - P. 81-84. (in Russ) 10. Jalalova D. et al. СОЧЕТАННАЯ СТОМАТОЛОГИЧЕСКАЯ И ГЛАЗНАЯ ПАТОЛОГИЯ //Science and innovation. – 2022. – Т. 1. – №. D8. – С. 91-100. 11. Tohirova J. D. Jalalova TYPES OF HEMORRHAGIC DISEASES //CHANGES IN NEWBOENS, THEIR EARLY DIAGNOSIS. - 2022. 12. Tahirova J. et al. Neurose causes and mechanisms of development, symptoms, treatment, prevention //Science and innovation. – 2022. – Т. 1. – №. D8. – С. 515-520. 13. Kiyomov I., IMPROVING SURGICAL TREATMENT METHODS FOR PATIENTS WITH NASAL PATHOLOGY //Science and innovation. – 2023. – Т. 2. – №. D11. – С. 226-231. 14. Sarkisova V. et al. CYTOKINE PROFILE IN PATIENTS WITH GRANULOMATOSIS WITH POLYANGIITIS (WEGENER'S) //Science and innovation. – 2023. – Т. 2. – №. D11. – С. 336-343. 15. Sarkisova V., Lapasova Z., O. Rakhmanov INFLAMMATORY DISEASES OF THE PELVIC WOMEN ORGANS. – 2023. 16. Jalalova D., Raxmonov X., РОЛЬ С–РЕАКТИВНОГО БЕЛКА В ПАТОГЕНЕЗЕ СОСУДИСТЫХ ЗАБОЛЕВАНИЙ ОРГАНА ЗРЕНИЯ У БОЛЬНЫХ АРТЕРИАЛЬНОЙ ГИПЕРТЕНЗИЕЙ //Science and innovation. – 2022. – Т. 1. – №. D8. – С. 114-121. 17. Malakhov A. et al. Modern views on the treatment and rehabilitation of patients with dementia //Science and innovation. – 2023. – Т. 2. – №. D12. – С. 322-329. 18. Jalalova D., Raxmonov X., ЗНАЧЕНИЕ ДИСФУНКЦИИ ЭНДОТЕЛИЯ В РАЗВИТИЕ РЕТИНОПАТИИ У БОЛЬНЫХ АГ И ПУТИ ЕГО КОРРЕКЦИИ //Science and innovation. – 2022. – Т. 1. – №. D8. – С. 101-113. 19. Madaminov M., Acute tonsillitis (angina) causes, complications, diagnosis, treatment, prevention //Science and innovation. – 2022. – Т. 1. – №. D8. – С. 771-779. 20. F. The problem of insomnia causes of sleep disorder, remedies at home //Science and innovation. – 2023. – Т. 2. – №. D1. – С. 79-84. 21. Sattarova S. FEATURES OF ELECTROPHYSIOLOGICAL METHODS FOR GUILLAIN–BARRÉ SYNDROME //Science and innovation. – 2023. – Т. 2. – №. D10. – С. 199-204. Dekabr, 2025-Yil 322 22. F. Hymoritis symptoms, treatment, methods of folk medicine, prevention //Science and innovation. – 2023. – Т. 2. – №. D1. – С. 72-78. 23. Zhalalova D. et al. INFORMATION POINT OF PERIPHERAL BLOOD INDEXES IN THE DIAGNOSIS OF THE ETIOLOGY OF OPTIC NERVE DAMAGE //Science and innovation. – 2023. – Т. 2. – №. D11. – С. 124-130. 24. Takhsinovna N. M., Musinovna R. K. CHARACTERISTICS OF COMPLAINTS FROM WORKERS IN NOISE PROFESSIONS, HAVING HEARING IMPAIRMENTS //Health Horizon: Congress on Public Health and Biomedical Sciences. – 2025. – Т. 1. – №. 1. – С. 28-30. 25. Rotanov, A. (2023). Elderly epilepsy: neurophysiological aspects of non-psychotic mental disorders. Science and innovation, 2(D12), 192-197. 26. Taxsinovna N. M. et al. VESTIBULAR VASCULAR REACTIONS IN ASSESSMENT OF VESTIBULAR DYSFUNCTION IN PATIENTS WITH CRANIOCEREBRAL TRAUMA //INNOVATIVE ACHIEVEMENTS IN SCIENCE 2024. – 2024. – Т. 3. – №. 29. – С. 104-111.