The Birds, Homeland Hotel and The Turn of the Screw in consideration of Freud's psychoanalysis

221 Psychology Research on Education and Social Sciences, 6(4), 221-228, Dec. 2025 e-ISSN: 2717-7602 dergipark.org.tr/press Genc Bilge Publishing Ltd. (Young Wise) © 2025 gencbilgeyayincilik.com Research Article The Birds, Homeland Hotel and The Turn of the Screw in consideration of Freud’s psychoanalysis Tuğçe Pınar Tükenmez 1* Applied English-Turkish Translation, Sisli Vocational School, Istanbul, Türkiye Article Info Abstract Received: 25 November 2025 Accepted: 24 December 2025 Online: 30 December 2025 Keywords: Cinema Freud Homeland Hotel Literature Oedipus The Birds Turn of the Screw 2717-7602/ © 2025 by PRESS. Published by Genc Bilge (Young Wise) Pub. Ltd. This is an open access article under CC BY-NC-ND license This essay aims to analyze that three movies which they are The Birds, Homeland Hotel, and Turn of the Screw with Sigmund Freud’s Oedipal Theory. Firstly, The Birds by Alfred Hitchcock is discussed in terms of adaptation process and fidelity. The adapters are such as Alfred Hitchcock, relate stories in their different ways. They almost use the same things that the authors have used, however, they concretize and adopt ideas and make selections from the stories or novels. Furthermore, they critique on the texts and they do not completely create a new thing. They almost have relationship to the “source.” Also, especially short stories inspired movies. However, short story adaptations need to be expanded. When Hitchcock and Hitchcock’s adaptations are analyzed, he and his adaptations are more different than the other filmmaker’s adaptations. Osteen believes that Hitchcock attempts to create a slice of cake rather than making slices of life. According to Sigmund Freud2 The children unconsciously desire sexual union with their mothers. However, they recognize a rival for their mother’s attention, the father. When they are sexually aware of their own organs(phallic), they perceive their father’s attention to their mothers sexually. To cite this article Tükenmez, T.P. (2025). The Birds, Homeland Hotel and The Turn of the Screw in consideration of Freud’s psychoanalysis. Psychology Research on Education and Social Sciences, 6(4), 221-228. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.18052971 Introduction This essay aims to analyse that three movies which they are The Birds, Homeland Hotel, and The Turn of the Screw with Sigmund Freud’s Oedipal Theory. The Birds by Alfred Hitchcock is discussed in terms of adaptation process and fidelity. The Birds is based on Freud’s Oedipus Complex theory. Freud establishes his theory on Oedipus by Sophocles. When it is looked at the play, Oedipus the protagonist, hears a prophecy on killing his own father and get married to his own mother. After, he is against the prophecy, but this prophecy is actualized one day. He can run away the destiny. So, Sigmund Freud establishes a theory by affecting this play from Sophocles. According to Sigmund Freud 3 . The children unconsciously desire sexual union with their mothers. However, they recognize a rival for their mother’s attention, the father. When they are sexually aware of their own organs(phallic), they perceive their father’s attention to their mothers sexually. Homeland Hotel is analysed with Freud’s Oedipus complex, there are obvious examples in the film. Firstly, Freud believes that all of us are affected in the face of destiny of Oedipus. All of us have same curses like Oedipus. When all of 1 Corresponding Author: Lecturer, Applied English-Turkish Translation, Sisli Vocational School, Istanbul, Türkiye. Email: [email protected] ORCID: 0000-0001-7269-8100 2 Bressler, Charles E, Literary Criticism, 5th Edition, Longman, 2011, 127-128 3 Bressler, Charles E, Literary Criticism, 5th Edition, Longman, 2011, 127-128 Tükenmez Psychology Research on Education and Social Sciences 6(4) (2025) 221-228 222 us were born, we have to direct our first sexual desires towards our mothers, and our hate and violence feelings towards to our fathers. The other movie is based on Freudian psychoanalysis, in terms of Oedipus complex theory, is The Turn of the Screw which is written by Henry James and adapted by Tim Fywell. When the Governess (Ann) and Miles relationship is analysed, there are many examples on Oedipus Complex theory throughout the novel. The Freudian’s technical sense of indecision might be seen in the governess’ opinion on Miles. Analysis of The Birds Alfred Hitchcock is heavily influenced by Daphne Du Maurier’s works by drawing on some elements. The film is created and directed many years later and in the different place. The story sets on After World War II. The film is created an directed in 1963. They are different times. And setting as a place is different from the short story of Daphne du Maurier. It is moved from The England to The U.S.A. However, both setting has similar characteristics. Hitchcock creates similar setting like the short story. Bay in San Francisco is terrifying like Bay in the short story. Also, the Birds often praised by its originality. Furthermore, Hitchcock’s adaptation of The Birds on the issue of the narrative fidelity is removed from within the short story. There is not a specific narrative in role of Nat through the movie. The characters are analysed with fidelity issue, they have similar characteristics in terms of their occupations, names and location. For instance, Mitch is a lawyer and Nat is a soldier, both of them work for official works. When it is analysed in terms of location, it is perfectly identified, Nat’s and his family’s house is far away from the centre and also, Mitch and his family’s house is far away from the centre, too. Both Mitch and Nat’s family have same struggles. Nat sets up barricade to the windows, the doors of the house to try to save his family from sudden attacks of the birds within the 4 short story of Du Maurier. Similarly, Mitch nails the boards to the windows, doors everywhere in the house to protect his family to sudden and wild attacks of the birds within the movie by Alfred Hitchcock. Also, the birds attack the hands of the Nat when he goes to upstairs, the birds suddenly attack him and his hands are jagging by the birds cruelly and he fights with them with a blanket. Also, Mitch tries to protect his family, the birds attack him and jag his hands cruelly and make his hand bleed with their sharp beaks and similarly he fights with them with a blanket. Also, the death of the farmer is the same in the fidelity issue. The farmer is killed by the birds within the story and the movie. Most important one is, the Birds, He uses the same animals. Within the story and the movie, all kinds of Birds get together, form and attack the people cruelly. They become crazy, they have aims but in different ways within the story and the movie. In the short story, they attack since people destroy their habitats. Hence, they want to take revenge from wilder people. However, they attack the people because of The Melanie and Lydia, they want to take Lydia’s revenge. Furthermore, Hitchcock is successful director in terms of increasing tension. Hence, he is faithful to Du Maurier’s work in terms of gothic elements. In the beginning of the movie, the birds rapidly fly and crow very loud, it is too impressive on the audiences. Through the movie, appearances of the birds, and their sudden and wild attacks by scrowing loud. Moreover, they crack the board within the story and the movie. Darkness of the movie is the another gothic element. For example, when Melanie goes to the upstairs, the light focus on the stairs, it increases the tension of the audiences. Death of the farmer is the most interesting and horrible scene in terms of gothic elements. The Birds sctrach the eyes of man horribly in the farm. In terms of fidelity issue, it is not far away the story, Hitchcock uses his imagination and creates something with the story. The protagonist, Nat is very thoughtful about future. The Birds continually peck his door. And the story ends with ambiguities. However, Hitchcock puts a clear end to the story by way of the movie. For instance, when Melanie is attacked the birds cruelly, Mitch decides to go away the house with his family, Melanie and caged lovebirds and they drive away. So, the end is certain in the movie. Finally, Hitchcock makes an excellent and iconic movie. As I mentioned in my previous assignment, The Birds is based on Freud’s Oedipus Complex theory. Freud establishes his theory on Oedipus by Sophocles. When it is looked at the play, Oedipus the protagonist, hears a prophecy on killing his own father and get married to his own mother. After, he is against the prophecy, but this prophecy is actualized one day. He can run away the destiny. So, Sigmund Freud establishes a theory by affecting this play from Sophocles. 4 Maurier, du Daphne, The Birds, The Apple Tree, Penguin Books, United Kingdom, 1952. Tükenmez Psychology Research on Education and Social Sciences 6(4) (2025) 221-228 223 According to Sigmund Freud 5 The children unconsciously desire sexual union with their mothers. However, they recognize a rival for their mother’s attention, the father. When they are sexually aware of their own organs(phallic), they perceive their father’s attention to their mothers sexually. When the movie is analysed with this theory, many examples are seen through the movie. Firstly, Mitch is a father figure for his family. He protects and cares with his sister, Cathy and his mother, Lydia. He does not spend time as a single man. He has responsibilities at home. He just goes to work and comes back home at the weekends. He is very like a father figure in terms of earning money and coming back home. Also, he has no relationship, this is normal since he has no free time. He is always busy with his works and family. While everything is going blandly, Mitch meets with Melanie who is very charming and clever woman. Everything starts to change since Mitch falls in love with Melanie. His mother, Lydia becomes crazy because he never shares his son with nobody. In the movie, there are two kinds of Oedipus complex. One is from Lydia, this is exact opposite of the theory. When Lydia is analysed, she does not behave like a mother. For example, when Annie who is a teacher and exgirlfriend of Mitch talks about Lydia, it becomes very clear. Annie talks everything about Lydia to Melanie. 6 She says’ she is a very jealous, appropriative and adhesive woman. Although, I all respect to Oedipus, there is a different thing in that woman. She feared because I will love Mitch and so she fears to be alienated and stand alone. So, she achieved to finish our relationship. Annie’s speech is one of the example of Oedipus complex of Lydia. She does not want to share his son, this can be normal but she cares with his son more than a mother, like a wife. Every mother wants her son to be happy with a proper girl like Annie. However, she is jealous and behaves like a child. She cannot share his son with any girl, even with a proper, faithful, adoring and selfsacrificing woman. So, this is one of the example of Lydia’s complex on his son. She is so addicted his son, like a wife. She has like a wife and husband relationship with his son. And another example of Lydia, when Melanie comes to the Bodega Bay, a bird attacks her suddenly and cruelly. This is an abnormal thing. Everybody is surprised but they do not dwell on this attack too much. Melanie’s coming to the Bay, brings chaos to the Bay. People’s normal life turns a terrible and fearful life. They are always in dread, they are killed by the birds. It is really clear that Lydia’s anger for Melanie causes the attacks of the birds and chaos in the bay. Melanie comes for his son, Mitch. Hence she cannot endure it, the birds fight the people and kill the people for Lydia’s anger. As it seen, the purpose of the birds is get rid of Melanie. Furthermore, when it is looked at the another example of Oedipus complex of Lydia, when Melanie comes their house, she behaves very rude towards Melanie but Cathy, his sister of Mitch behaves very friendly towards Melanie. Although Melanie does not behave rudely towards her, Lydia is not polite for her. After that, she and Mitch goes to the kitchen, in the kitchen she denigrates Melanie to Mitch. She is talking her past sin. She illustrates past of Melanie. Also, she says that she is a rich and baggage, she does not suit you. And when her son does not agree with her, she is very annoyed and she describes herself as a hidebound woman. Her behaviours towards his son are not normal as a mother. When her son notices that her mother is upset and jealous, he embraces and kisses her smilingly. Also, Mitch has an Oedipus complex, she falls in love with Melanie because she is very alike his mother. In terms of clothes, style, behaviours, and temperament are very similar to Melanie. Both of them have same hair style, cloth style and so on. Therefore, why didn’t Mitch prefer Annie although she comes and changes her life for the sake of Mitch? He prefers Melanie because he unconsciously desires her mother, and he wants to love a woman like his mother. So, he falls in love with Melanie. Until the end of the film, Lydia realizes that her anger and aim brings chaos to the innocent people like the farmer Dan Fawcett, his eyes are gouged out like in the prophecy of Oedipus. So, she really fears and runs away the farm. She blames herself and she is sick in her bed. Melanie sympathizes and helps her. They start to get on well with each other. She sympathizes with Mitch. She says that: I miss my husband, I prepared breakfast for him every morning, but he is not here now, Mitch has own life. He should get own life. And she becomes understanding mother not a wife anymore. At the end of the film, the Birds attack Melanie suddenly and cruelly. If Mitch did not save her, she would die lonely in the bedroom. When Melanie sacrifices 5 Bressler, Charles E, Literary Criticism, 5th Edition, Longman, 2011, 127-128 6 Hitchcok, Alfred, The Birds, Warner Bros, Universal Pictures, U.S.A., 28th March,1963. Tükenmez Psychology Research on Education and Social Sciences 6(4) (2025) 221-228 224 herself for the sake of Mitch’s family. The Birds become silent, they just wait in front of the house. And they allow them to go out of Bay. Since Lydia does not have a problem with Melanie anymore. She embraces her and behaves like a mother. At the end, war is over. Analysis of Homeland Hotel When Homeland Hotel is analysed with Freud’s Oedipus complex, there are obvious examples in the film. Firstly, Freud believes that all of us are affected in the face of destiny of Oedipus. All of us have same curses like Oedipus. When all of us were born, we have to direct our first sexual desires towards our mothers, and our hate and violence feelings towards to our fathers. So, we are affected by Oedipus. According to Freud, a son’s relationship with his father is different. A son firstly aims to annihilate his father since he sees his father as a rival. On the other hand, he always loves his father. On the other hand, the son who admires his father wants to annihilate his father, but he is afraid of his father’s punishment. So, he gives up this opinion. And he imbeds in his unconscious. And this causes guiltiness of the son. When Homeland Hotel is analysis with psychoanalytic of Freud, Zebercet is the protagonist of Homeland Hotel. As a novel, it must be traced of Oedipal conflicts which are experienced by Zebercet. Ömer Kavur gives some certain statements about this issue through the film. When Zebercet meets Ekrem at the cinema, he is introduced himself as Ahmet, but this is not his name, it is his father’s name. Similarly, when he sits on the bench, he meets an old man and when the man asked his profession, he says that he works at civil registry, again this is not his profession, this is his father’s profession once upon a time. So, it is obviously that he takes himself in his father’s place. As it is seen, he takes his father’s role in his social relations. On the other hands, in the beginning of the novel, the narrator talks about a woman who comes to the hotel with delayed Ankara Train. He gives a room in the first floor. As it is described, there is a painting which his father bought from flea market and hanged on the wall in this room. His father says to Zebercet: “ Don’t give this room to everybody, a hotel must have this room.” He betrays his father figure and he gives this room to the woman who is loved by him. So, when the woman does not come back hotel, he blames himself because of betraying a father figure identified with himself. According to Freud, a child who identifies a father figure with himself. In this way, the child aims to oppress his Oedipus complex. 7 On the other hand, a man comes to the hotel to stay. This man introduced himself as a wrong identity. He says that he is a retired officer. Zebercet considers that this man knows the woman who comes to this hotel with delayed Ankara train since he comes to the hotel, the woman leaves the hotel after a while. So, he suspects this man. And he does not give the room which the woman stayed for a night. He gives another room at the hotel. After retired officer arrived hotel, he has a moustachecut. Before he does not think that. Also, he goes shopping and does shopping for himself. He tries to resemble retired officer. He tries to behave like him. For example, when the man smokes, he sees it. Even though, he has just smoked, he again smokes with this man. Also, he never leaves and he always stays close to the man. He becomes limited at the hotel because of this man. This man is a danger for him. Since Zebercet suspects him. Suddenly, the woman might come back hotel, and retired officer might affect her. He is very afraid of this situation. He is very obsessed with the man and the woman who comes with delayed Ankara train. Shortly, Zebercet sees this retired officer as a rival for himself. On the other hand, he grows on this man in time. He does not want the man leaves the hotel. This is an example of Oedipus complex theory. According to Freudian psychoanalysis, it is associated with conflicts between father and son to aspire the mother who is the object of desire. The relationship is similar between Zebercet and retired officer. Zebercet is always in rivalry with this man. He wants to have the woman, and according to him, this man wants to have this woman. However, there is no clue about this retired officer. On the other hand, Zebercet grows on this man, like father and son relationship. On the one hand, he hates and gets angry with this man. On the other hand, he loves this man. Hence, he does not want that man leaves the hotel. At the end, the winner is retired officer for Zebercet. Since, when Zebercet goes to the room which the woman stayed for a night, he observes everything about woman. For example, he takes a glass which the woman drinks tea, and observes the mark of the woman’s lipstick around it. And, he kisses this 7 Nas, Alparslan, A Psychoanalytic Approach to Yusuf Atılgan’s Aylak Adam and The Homeland Hotel: As Oedipal Novel characters: C. and Zebercet, Journal of Researchgate, 2009, pp.8-10. Tükenmez Psychology Research on Education and Social Sciences 6(4) (2025) 221-228 225 part of the glass, and he inhales it. He imagines that the woman is opposite himself. Suddenly, he heard a noise from the upstairs which retired man stays it and he falls the glass down. The glass is broken by himself. So, the room that he protects until now, it is destroyed by himself. So, the woman never comes this room again because of him. He obsessed with it. According to Zebercet retired officer is the winner and he gives up the fight with him. And he never possesses the woman who is the object of desire. As it seen, there is a relationship like father and son, the son gives up the fight and the father wins the mother who is seen the object of desire. This retired officer is threat for him to possess his mother like his father. So, he understands that he never possesses his mother because even his father’s existence is a threat for him. Analysis of Turn of the Screw The other movie is based on Freudian psychoanalysis, in terms of Oedipus complex theory, is The Turn of the Screw which is written by Henry James and adapted by Tim Fywell. When the Governess (Ann) and Miles relationship is analysed, there are many examples on Oedipus Complex theory throughout the novel. The Freudian’s technical sense of indecision might be seen in the governess’ opinion on Miles. Even Miles is sen as a child by herself, at the same time, she sees him as lover, displacement or reflection of his uncle who affects governess seriously. The governess (Ann) really admires and waits Miles and Flora’s uncle. The uncle says to the governess. If you manage everything regularly and perfectly, I will congratulate and visit you. So, she tries to manage everything perfectly. She sexually desires this uncle. Hence, she sees that Miles is a reflection of his uncle and so, she starts to desire Miles. Even though, he is an innocent child, the governess sees him nature demon-lover who attempts to seduce and corrupt her. If we look at the other side of these ambiguities, we see the governess who is a neurotic woman. So, Miles takes his uncle’s place in the governess’ eyes. In the beginning of the story, she enters the Miles’ bedroom and she observes every object about Miles in detail. She looks at Miles photograph which is on the wall in detail. She starts to feel something about Miles. And, Mrs. Grose suddenly appears in Miles’ bedroom and she says that she hopes that the governess cannot be fascinated by Miles. This is a message for the Governess (Ann). Miles is seen as a womanizer and demon child. However, the governess does not feel completely something on Miles. After, the governess starts to see a man at the top of the castle and she fears so much. According to Freud, the castle symbolizes the ‘phallic’. So, the woman sees the man because she supresses her sexual desires. After a while, she imagines that her boss (the uncle of Miles and Flora) send a letter to her and she imagines that they make love and kiss each other passionately. However, that is not real, it is just her dream. As it seen, her supressed sexual desires are showed up as to she hides and supresses them. Miles is expelled from the school. After that, the governess hears that the servants bet on Miles and the governess. They say that this governess cannot bear Miles more than two days. And, she starts to suspects him. She thinks that he is a corrupted and evil boy. When she meets him on the train station, Miles says that you are more beautiful than my uncle’s description. So, she starts to affect Miles. And Mrs. Grose asked that she will or won’t report Miles situation, she says that she does not report it. She says that she and they will have a nice summer holiday. Even she admires her boss, she does not report this situation because she starts to affect Miles. She puts him in his uncle’s place. She does not stop herself. She betrays his lovely boss. However, she ignores it. This is one of the example of the governess’ emotions on Miles. She starts to love Miles. This is not a normal love, this is a sexual love and desire for her. And this Oedipus complex is mutual. Miles has Oedipus complex as well. As it known, the governess (Ann) is like a mother by educating, spending time, exhibiting love to the children. So, the governess has an Oedipal complex with her mothersurrogate identity. Her love is supposed to be mother’s love, but it is not so. This is abnormal love for the Miles. The other example is that she always says that she loves Miles. Miles’ emotions are not normal for the governess. When the governess(Ann) and Miles chat together, Miles is asking that you are not going like the other, aren’t you? He becomes addicted to the governess. After a while, a man suddenly appears and looks at the governess, when they exhibit their love each other. However, the boy does not see the man, again this happens because of the governess repressed sexual desires. Also, when flora and miles sit together in their parents’ room, the governess comes and hears that miles’ complaints on his parents. And she attempts to relieve Miles like a mother. Especially, she cares with Miles rather than Flora. The governess (Ann) dreams that Peter Quint and Miss Jessel have Tükenmez Psychology Research on Education and Social Sciences 6(4) (2025) 221-228 226 love passionately, she wakes up because of the noise. She realizes that Peter Quint and Miss Jessel aim to take places of children. However, anybody believes her. So, she hides and analyse everything, but all of these are because of her repressed sexual desires. She wants to believe that Quint is reflection of Miles. Because, an innocent child cannot be corrupted. After a while, she again sees that Quint and Jessel have sex in front of the children, but this is not real, this is her imagination. Also, she likens that the children’s behaviours and games to Quint and Jessel’s sex. Again, all of these are reflection of her repressed sexual desires on Miles. And also, she cannot face the realities. She wants to leave from this house. Flora extremely gets upset and cries. However, Miles seems careless. This is not true, because he really loves her. He seems careless because she leaves him. And so, he takes his revenge by treating so. Another example of Oedipus complex, Miles says that he hates his father. Hatime a father is not a normal behaviour. This is a reference to Oedipus complex theory. A day later, Miles And Flora fights but she sees them as Quint and Jessel. And, she does not remain calm and she slaps and beats Miles but she does not see Miles, she sees Quint in place of Miles. Mr. Grose is very surprised, and flora says that she hates her and Miles smiles treacherously. Again it is not real, this her imagination and her repressed sexual desires. As it seen, there are some obvious Oedipus complex elements in the film. Final example is from Miles Oedipus complex. Until the end of the movie, the governess (Ann) sends away everybody in the castle. She and Miles are alone together. And they go to the church, here they take each other by the hand like lovers. And she wants that he confesses everything which he knows. He treats very obedient towards her. She says that she knows that she is not his mother but she loves him as a mother. Suddenly, Miles kisses her passionately not like a child, like a lover and says that he loves her, too. Miles’ behaviours are not like a child, these behaviours belong to an adult man. Also, Miles says that he can fight for the sake of her with Quint. After a while, the child dies in her arms, she becomes crazy and cries by hugging him firmly. As it seen, their relationship is not like a governess and the child. They have mutual Oedipus complex. Both of them desire each other. However, the governess (Ann) always tries to repressed her sexual desires by putting Miles in place of Quint who is corrupted. Conclusion All in all, all these three films are based on Oedipus complex of Sigmund Freud. However, their ways are different. The Birds by Alfred Hitchcock, there is mutual Oedipus complex, one of them is Mitch’s and the other is his mother, Lydia’s. In this film, there are obvious references to Oedipus complex in terms of Freudian perspective. As it seen, Lydia’s Oedipal conflict is more dominant in the film. She does not have a husband, so she sees her son as a husband. And, she cannot share his son, even with a proper girl, Annie. She always controls his son, his son does not have a private life. He just cares to protect his family and works to earn for his family Annie who is the exgirlfriend of Mitch gives man clues on Lydia’s and Mitch’s relationship when she talks to Melanie in the film. Even she leaves everything behind herself, and comes to this small bay for Mitch. Mitch does not care this. Annie thinks that all of these happen because of Lydia. Furthermore, Melanie succeed to enamour to Mitch. So, the fights begin with Melanie’s coming. And, all of these innocent people in the bay, killed because of Lydia’s anger and Oedipal conflict. Melanie brings chaos with her coming. Normal life turns a disaster life fo the people. And, Mitch chooses Melanie because she is very similar to his mother, Lydia. Melanie’s cloth style, hair style and attitudes and speech are similar to Lydia. Since Mitch has Oedipal complex, he prefers to be together with Melanie. When Lydia recognizes that all innocent people get harmed and killed because of her. She regrets it. They become a friend with Melanie. In the end of the film, Melanie sacrifices herself fort his family, and the birds end the fight. As it is seen, there is a lack of father, and this lack of father is filled up by the son emotionally. The son and the mother has mutual Oedipal conflict. However, Lydia’s more and more dominant and clearly seen in the film. Mitch’s Oedipal conflict is not clearly seen but there are some clues. For example, he prefers to have a relationship a woman who looks like his mother, Lydia. Finally, Oedipal conflict brings chaos to the Bay but at the end of the film, everything gets better anymore. Lydia knows that his son can have a relationship and own private life without Lydia and his daughter. His son cannot fill up his husband’s place. So, the film ends in a good manner. On the other hand, The Homeland Hotel is based on Oedipus complex in terms of Freudian perspective. However, the styles are different. In The Tükenmez Psychology Research on Education and Social Sciences 6(4) (2025) 221-228 227 Homeland Hotel, there is no mother and father in the film. There is just the son throughout the film. Everything revolves him. Zebercet who has Oedipal conflict throughout the film. Everything starts with the coming of woman who comes to the hotel with delayed Ankara train. He becomes obsessed with this woman. At the end, he commits suicide. This woman represents his mother. So, he loves passionately this woman. She does not talk to him or interact with him. He just imagines the woman without reason. Furthermore, there is a man coming to the hotel, after this woman leaves the hotel. He is obsessed with this man. The man is retired officer. He puts this man his father’s place. In Freud’s Oedipus complex theory, the child sees his father as a rival for his mother. So, Zebercet sees this man as his father. And he enters into the competition with this man like his father. He changes his style, he has a moustachecut. He goes shopping does the shopping to look like this man who is retired officer. And he pretends this man. He does not leave this man alone at the hotel because he thinks that he can affect the woman like his mother if the woman comes to the hotel. At the end, this man wins the competition like his father. He loses his mother forever because of his father. As it seen, there is an another kind of Oedipal conflict in this film. However, it is different from The Birds. In The Birds, there is a real mother, and this mother’s conflict is more dominant the son. And there is a lack of the father and the son fills up his father’s place. And this conflict brings a chaos to the Bay and innocent people. In The Homeland Hotel, there is not a real mother and father. Zebercet creates a mother and father and he starts to compete with his dream father, retired officer. And, this Oedipus complex just affects Zebercet. Since he cannot bear on, he kills himself. The final film is The Turn of the Screw, it is based on Oedipus complex theory of Freudian perspective. In the film, there are direct references to the Oedipus complex. In the beginning of the film, the boss and the uncles of Miles and Flora infatuated the governess (Ann). So, she desires this man secretly and passionately. However, she repressed her sexual desires. She puts Miles his uncle’s place and she starts to desire Miles secretly. However, she always faces with these desires. Also, Miles has Oedipus complex. Again, there is a mutual complex. However, Miles does not show clearly until the end of the movie. The Governes(Ann) always faces with Quint who is the corrupted man because when her repressed desires always reminds her. Miles kisses her passionately and behaves like man towards the governess (Ann). As it is seen, in this film, Oedipus complex is shown in different ways. There is a mother figure, the governess (Ann). Also, she has desires on his uncle when she does not see his uncle again. She starts to desire Miles and cares Miles but she does not admit herself. She supresses her desires on Miles. Therefore, her repressed sexual desires approve to Miles. Also, Miles has an interest for her. This is not a normal interest. He desires to the governess(Ann) but here there is no rival, it means there is no father figure that he competes. He desires the Governess (Ann) like a mother. However, this desire is sexual desire. Finally, all of these three films are based on Oedipus complex of Freudian perspective. They are shown to the audiences in different ways. One of them is seen obviously. One of them is about imagination of a man. One of them is about repressed sexual desires. All of three films are the kinds of Oedipus Complex theory by Sigmund Freud. Biodata of Authors Lecturer Tuğçe Pınar Tükenmez is affiliated with Istanbul Yeni Yüzyıl University. She holds a Bachelor’s degree in English Language and Literature and is currently pursuing a Master’s degree. Her research interests include William Shakespeare, Feminism, Psychoanalytic criticism, and Gothic literature. Affiliation: Applied English-Turkish Translation, Sisli Vocational School, Istanbul, Türkiye E-mail: [email protected] ORCID: 0000-0001-7269-8100 Academiaedu: https://independent.academia.edu/tugcepinartukenmez Researchgate: https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Tugce-Tukenmez?ev=hdr_xprf References Alfred Hitchcock. (2017, July). The birds analysis. UK Essays, 1. Bass, T. W. (2015, August). Alfred Hitchcock: The master of adaptation (Graduate thesis). Brunel University. Bressler, C. E. (2011). Literary criticism (5th ed., pp. 127–128). Longman. Fywell, T. (Director). (2009, December 30). The turn of the screw [Film]. BBC. Hitchcock, A. (Director). (1963, March 28). The birds [Film]. Warner Bros; Universal Pictures. Tükenmez Psychology Research on Education and Social Sciences 6(4) (2025) 221-228 228 Kavur, Ö. (Director). (1986). Homeland hotel [Film]. Fono Film; Alfa Film. Nas, A. (2009). 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