Search for pair production of vector-like top quarks in events with one lepton, jets, and missing transverse momentum in root S=13 TeV pp collisions with the ATLAS detector

JHEP08(2017)052 Published for SISSA by Springer Received:May 31, 2017 Revised:July 18, 2017 Accepted:July 19, 2017 Published:August 16, 2017 Search for pair production of vector-like top quarks in events with one lepton, jets, and missing transverse momentum in √s= 13 TeV pp collisions with the ATLAS detector The ATLAS collaboration E-mail: [email protected] Abstract: The results of a search for vector-like top quarks using events with exactly one lepton, at least four jets, and large missing transverse momentum are reported. The search is optimised for pair production of vector-like top quarks in the Z(→νν)t+Xdecay channel. LHC pp collision data at a centre-of-mass energy of √s= 13 TeV recorded by the ATLAS detector in 2015 and 2016 are used, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 36.1 fb−1. No significant excess over the Standard Model expectation is seen and upper limits on the production cross-section of a vector-like Tquark pair as a function of the T quark mass are derived. The observed (expected) 95% CL lower limits on the Tmass are 870 GeV (890 GeV) for the weak-isospin singlet model, 1.05 TeV (1.06 TeV) for the weakisospin doublet model and 1.16 TeV (1.17 TeV) for the pure Zt decay mode. Limits are also set on the mass as a function of the decay branching ratios, excluding large parts of the parameter space for masses below 1 TeV. Keywords: Exotics, Hadron-Hadron scattering (experiments), vector-like quarks ArXiv ePrint: 1705.10751 Open Access, Copyright CERN, for the benefit of the ATLAS Collaboration. Article funded by SCOAP3. https://doi.org/10.1007/JHEP08(2017)052 JHEP08(2017)052 Contents 1 Introduction 1 2 ATLAS detector and data sample 2 3 Signal modelling and Monte Carlo simulation 3 4 Event reconstruction and object selection 4 5 Event selection and background estimation 5 5.1 Signal region selection 8 5.2 Background estimation 8 5.3 Background validation 9 6 Systematic uncertainties 10 7 Results 14 8 Conclusion 14 The ATLAS collaboration 23 1 Introduction A number of theories beyond the Standard Model (SM) of particle physics address the naturalness problem [1] and offer mechanisms through which the quadratic divergences, which arise from the radiative corrections to the Higgs boson mass, are resolved. A straightforward extension of the SM is the inclusion of a heavy fourth generation. However, fourth-generation quarks with SM-like chiral couplings are excluded as they contribute through loops to the couplings of the Higgs boson, altering the Higgs boson production cross-sections to values incompatible with observation [2,3]. These constraints on chiral quarks can be evaded by vector-like quarks (VLQs) [4,5], hypothetical spin-1/2 coloured particles whose left-handed and right-handed states have the same electroweak coupling. Vector-like quarks could dampen the unnaturally large quadratic corrections to the Higgs boson mass by contributing significantly to loop corrections. They appear mainly in the “Little Higgs” [6,7] and “Composite Higgs” [8] classes of models. In this analysis, a vector-like top quark partner (T) with a charge of Q= +2 /3|e| is searched for. When assuming couplings to only the third generation of quarks [9], as favoured by their large masses [10], the three possible decay modes are T→Zt,T→Ht, and T→Wb. For Tquark masses above about 0.8 TeV the branching ratios converge to B (T→W b)≃50% and B (T→Zt)≃B (T→Ht)≃25% for a weak-isospin singlet model and to B (T→Zt)≃B (T→Ht)≃50% for a model with a weak-isospin doublet of vector-like quarks. The doublet prediction is valid for a (X5/3, T) doublet, where the superscript refers to the charge of the particle, as well as for a (T, B−1/3) doublet, as long as the generalised CKM (Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa) matrix elements fulfil |VTb|  – 1 – JHEP08(2017)052 T ¯ T g g Z, H, W t, t, b Z, H, W ¯ t, ¯ t, ¯ b Figure 1. Representative diagram for the production and decay of a vector-like top quark pair. |VBt|[9,11]. In addition to these two models, the case of arbitrary branching ratios of the three possible decay modes is considered. Vector-like top (VLT) quarks could be produced singly or in pairs at the CERN Large Hadron Collider (LHC) [12]. This analysis targets the pair production pp →T¯ Tchannel, as shown in figure 1. The production cross-section is predicted to be 0.044 ±0.005 pb for aTquark mass of 1 TeV, calculated at next-to-next-to-leading order (NNLO) in quantum chromodynamics (QCD) including next-to-next-to-leading logarithmic (NNLL) soft-gluon resummation using Top++ 2.0 [13–18]. Previous searches for pair-produced vector-like T quarks by the ATLAS and CMS collaborations at centre-of-mass energies of 8 TeV [19–22] and 13 TeV [23] set lower limits on the VLT mass in the range of 550–900 GeV, at the 95% confidence level (CL), depending on the branching ratio considered. This analysis focuses on the channel T¯ T→Zt +X, where the Zboson decays into a neutrino pair and exactly one charged lepton is produced in either the top quark decay or from the other leg of the VLT pair decay. This channel gives rise to a final state with one lepton, multiple jets and a high missing transverse momentum (Emiss T) mainly due to the invisibly decaying Zboson. A single-bin signal region (SR) is defined by an event selection that maximises the sensitivity to this particular channel. Control regions (CRs) and validation regions (VRs) are defined that are enriched in the various background processes. They are orthogonal to the SR and orthogonal to each other. The statistical interpretation is based on a simultaneous fit to the CRs and the SR, in which the background normalisations and a possible signal contribution are determined, while taking into account the experimental and theoretical systematic uncertainties. 2 ATLAS detector and data sample The ATLAS detector [24] is a multi-purpose particle detector at the LHC with nearly 4πcoverage around the collision point.1Closest to the beam is the inner detector (ID), 1ATLAS uses a right-handed coordinate system with its origin at the nominal interaction point (IP) in the centre of the detector and the z-axis along the beam pipe. The x-axis points from the IP to the centre of the LHC ring, and the y-axis points upward. Cylindrical coordinates (r,φ) are used in the transverse plane, φbeing the azimuthal angle around the beam pipe. The pseudorapidity is defined in terms of the polar angle θas η=−ln tan(θ/2). Angular distance is measured in units of ∆R=p(∆η)2+ (∆φ)2. – 2 – JHEP08(2017)052 which provides charged-particle tracking in the range |η|<2.5. During the LHC shutdown between Run 1 and Run 2, a new innermost layer of silicon pixels was added, which improves the track impact parameter resolution and vertex position resolution performance [25–27]. The ID is surrounded by a superconducting solenoid providing a 2 T axial magnetic field, followed by an electromagnetic lead/liquid-argon (LAr) sampling calorimeter and a hadronic (steel/scintillator-tile) calorimeter. The endcap and forward regions are instrumented with LAr calorimeters for both the electromagnetic and hadronic energy measurements up to |η|= 4.9. The outer part of the detector consists of a muon spectrometer (MS) with high-precision tracking chambers for coverage up to |η|= 2.7, fast detectors for triggering over |η|<2.4, and three large superconducting toroidal magnets with eight coils each. Events are selected by a two-level trigger system consisting of a hardware-based trigger for the first level and a software-based system for the second level [28]. The data used in this analysis were recorded in 2015 and 2016, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 36.1 fb−1in total, with an uncertainty of 3.2%, derived following a methodology similar to that in ref. [29]. The data were collected using triggers that select events with high missing transverse momentum, with online thresholds of 70 GeV in 2015 and 90 GeV to 110 GeV in 2016. The triggers have an efficiency greater than 99% for an offline Emiss Trequirement of at least 300 GeV. 3 Signal modelling and Monte Carlo simulation Monte Carlo (MC) simulated events are used for the description of the backgrounds and to model the VLT signals. Signal samples are generated at leading order (LO) with Protos v2.2 [9,11], interfaced with Pythia 8.186 [30] for the parton shower (PS) and hadronisation. The samples are produced assuming vector-like Tquark couplings according to the weak-isospin singlet model, but with equal branching ratios into each of the three decay modes (Zt,Ht,Wb). Desired branching ratios are obtained by reweighting the samples based on generator information. To test potential kinematic biases from the assumed couplings, a comparison to a sample in which the Tquark is in a weak-isospin doublet was carried out. For a Tquark mass of 950 GeV a relative acceptance increase of 10% is observed in the doublet case. This effect is neglected in the analysis and results in slightly more conservative limits for the doublet model. For the background samples, several matrix element event generators are combined with parton shower and hadronisation programs. Powheg-Box v2 [31–34] interfaced to Pythia v6.428 [35] is used to simulate t¯ tproduction as well as single-top production in association with a Wboson, while electroweak t-channel single-top quark events are generated using the Powheg-Box v1 generator. Events containing Wbosons with associated jets (W+jets) are simulated using the Sherpa v2.2.0 event generator [36–38], while for diboson events Sherpa v2.1.1 is used. For the simulation of t¯ tevents with additional vector bosons (t¯ t+V) the MadGraph5 aMC@NLO v2.3.2 [39] event generator interfaced with Pythia 8 is used. All MC samples are normalised using the highest-order inclusive cross-sections available at √s= 13 TeV. The dominant backgrounds t¯ tand W+jets are available at NNLO – 3 – JHEP08(2017)052 in QCD [13,40]. The parton distribution function (PDF) sets used are CT10 [41] for the Powheg-Box and Sherpa v2.1.1 generators, NNPDF 3.0 NNLO [42] for Sherpa v2.2.0, and NNPDF 2.3 LO [43] for Protos and MadGraph5 aMC@NLO. The samples produced with Protos,MadGraph5 aMC@NLO and Powheg-Box use EvtGen v1.2.0 [44] for the modelling of b-hadron decays. All simulated samples are processed with the full simulation of the ATLAS detector [45] using Geant 4 [46], and with varying numbers of simulated minimum-bias interactions generated with Pythia 8 overlaid on the hard-scattering event to account for the multiple pp interactions in the same or nearby bunch crossings (pile-up). The average number of interactions per bunch crossing in simulation matches the distribution in data. Additional details of the simulation set-up can be found in refs. [47–50]. 4 Event reconstruction and object selection Events are required to have at least one vertex candidate with at least two tracks with pT>500 MeV. The primary vertex is taken to be the vertex candidate with the largest sum of squared transverse momenta of all associated tracks. Two sets of quality and kinematic requirements are imposed on physics objects in this analysis, labelled baseline and signal requirements, where the latter label describes a tighter selection than the former. Electron candidates are reconstructed from cell clusters in the electromagnetic calorimeter which are matched to ID tracks. Baseline electrons are required to have pT>7 GeV, |η|<2.47, and satisfy ‘VeryLoose’ likelihood identification criteria, defined following the methodology described in ref. [51]. Signal electrons must pass all baseline requirements, have pT>28 GeV, and satisfy the ‘Tight’ likelihood identification criteria [51]. In addition, the distance of closest approach to the beam in the transverse plane (d0) and the longitudinal distance of this point to the primary vertex along the beam direction (z0) are required to satisfy |z0sin θ|<0.5 mm and |d0|/σd0<5, where σd0is the uncertainty in d0. Furthermore, signal electrons must be isolated, requiring that the scalar pTsum of all tracks in a cone of size ∆R < 10 GeV/pe Taround the electron momentum, with a maximum cone size of 0.2, is lower than 6% of the electron pT. Muon candidates are reconstructed from combined tracks that are formed from ID and MS tracks, ID tracks matched to MS track segments, standalone MS tracks, or ID tracks matched to a calorimeter energy deposit compatible with a minimum-ionising particle (referred to as calo-tagged muons) [52]. Baseline muons are required to have pT>6 GeV, |η|<2.7, and satisfy the ‘Loose’ identification criteria [52]. Signal muons must satisfy the ‘Medium’ identification criteria, are required to have pT>28 GeV, and impact parameters |z0sin θ|<0.5 mm and |d0|/σd0<3. In addition, they must be isolated, requiring that the scalar pTsum of all tracks in a cone of size ∆R < 10 GeV/pµ Taround the muon momentum, with a maximum cone size of 0.3, is lower than 6% of the muon pT. Jet candidates are reconstructed from topological clusters [53,54], built from energy deposits in the calorimeters calibrated to the electromagnetic scale, using the anti-ktalgorithm with radius parameter R= 0.4 [55]. Baseline (signal) jets are required to have pT>20 GeV (pT>25 GeV) and |η|<4.4 (|η|<2.5). To reject jets originating from pile- – 4 – JHEP08(2017)052 up collisions, signal jets with pT<60 GeV and |η|<2.4 are required to satisfy jet vertex tagger criteria [56]. In order to suppress detector noise and non-collision backgrounds [57], 0.3% of the events are vetoed as a baseline jet in an event does not pass the ‘Loose’ jet quality requirements of ref. [58]. A b-tagging algorithm based on multivariate techniques is used to identify jets containing b-hadrons, so-called b-jets [59,60]. The working point used provides an average tagging efficiency of 77% for b-jets in simulated t¯ tevents, as well as a rejection factor of about 130 for light-quark flavour (u, d, s) and gluon jets and about 6 for charm jets. Jets and associated tracks are also used to identify hadronically decaying τleptons using the ‘Loose’ identification criteria described in ref. [61]. The τcandidates are required to have one or three associated tracks, with total electric charge opposite to that of the selected electron or muon, pT>20 GeV, and |η|<2.5. The missing transverse momentum is reconstructed from the negative vector sum of the transverse momenta of baseline electrons, muons, jets, and a soft-term built from highquality tracks that are associated with the primary vertex but not with the baseline physics objects [62,63]. Energy deposits reconstructed as two different particle candidates are resolved by removing one of the candidates according to the following procedure: 1. Electron/jet: if a baseline electron and a baseline jet are found within ∆R < 0.2 the overlapping jet is removed. 2. Muon/jet: if a baseline muon overlaps with a baseline jet within ∆R < 0.4 the overlapping jet is removed if the jet has fewer than three tracks with pT>500 MeV. 3. Jet/lepton: •If a jet that passes the previous steps overlaps with a muon in a cone of size ∆R= 0.04 + 10 GeV/pµ T, up to a maximum size of 0.4, the muon is removed. •If a jet that passes the previous steps overlaps with an electron in a cone of size ∆R= 0.4, the electron is removed. 4. Electron/τ: if an electron that passes the previous steps overlaps with a τcandidate in a cone of size ∆R= 0.1, the τis removed. Large-radius jets are constructed from signal jets using the anti-ktalgorithm with R= 1.0. Constituent small-radius jets with pTless than 5% of the large-radius jet pTare removed, mainly in order to reduce the impact of soft radiation. 5 Event selection and background estimation Events are required to have exactly one signal lepton (L=e, µ), at least four signal jets and Emiss T>300 GeV. A veto on events with a second lepton, fulfilling the baseline requirements, is used to suppress t¯ tevents with two leptons in the final state (dileptonic t¯ t). Further event selection is performed using objects fulfilling the signal requirements described in the – 5 – JHEP08(2017)052 [GeV] miss T E 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000 Data/Pred. 0.5 1 1.5 Events / 20 GeV 1 10 2 10 3 10 4 10 Data Total pred. 2Ltt τ 1L1tt 1Ltt Single top W+jets Diboson +Vtt ATLAS -1 = 13 TeV, 36.1 fbs Preselection [GeV] W T m 100 200 300 400 500 Data/Pred. 0.5 1 1.5 Events / 20 GeV 10 2 10 3 10 4 10 Data Total pred. 2Ltt τ 1L1tt 1Ltt Single top W+jets Diboson +Vtt ATLAS -1 = 13 TeV, 36.1 fbs Preselection Figure 2. Comparison of data and prediction in the Emiss Tdistribution (left) and the mW Tdistribution (right) after the preselection. The lower panels show the ratio of the data to the prediction. The error bands include statistical and systematic uncertainties. The last bin contains the overflow events. previous section. The azimuthal angles between the missing transverse momentum vector ~ Emiss Tand both the leading (j1) and sub-leading (j2) jets, ordered in pT, must satisfy the condition |∆φ(ji,~ Emiss T)|>0.4 with i∈ {1,2}, which rejects events with Emiss Tarising from mismeasured jets. In addition, at least one b-tagged jet is required. After applying these requirements, the dominant backgrounds are single-lepton plus jets (1L)t¯ tevents, where the lepton originates either directly from the Wdecay or from a subsequent τdecay, and W+jets production. This can be seen in figure 2, which shows a comparison of data and SM expectation as a function of Emiss Tand mW Tat the so-called preselection level as defined in table 1. Here mW Tis defined as the transverse mass2of the signal lepton and the missing transverse momentum. Requiring mW Tto be well above the Wboson mass strongly reduces 1L t¯ tevents and W+jets production as can be seen from the right panel of figure 2. The remaining events at large mW Tare mostly from t¯ t production where both Wbosons decay leptonically. The two cases of either two leptons (2L) and one lepton and a hadronically decaying τ(1L1τ) are shown separately. Additional variables are used to reduce these dileptonic t¯ tbackgrounds. The mT2 variable [64] is a generalisation of the transverse mass applied to signatures where two or more particles are not directly detected [65,66], defined as mT2 ≡min ~qTa+~qTb=~ Emiss T{max(mTa, mTb)}. 2The transverse mass mW Tis defined as mW T=q2plep TEmiss T[1 −cos(∆φ)], where ∆φis the azimuthal angle between the lepton and the missing transverse momentum direction and plep Tis the transverse momentum of the charged lepton. – 6 – JHEP08(2017)052 Variable Preselection SR TCR WCR Emiss T>300 GeV >350 GeV >300 GeV mW T>30 GeV >170 GeV ∈[30,90] GeV amT2 —>175 GeV >100 GeV mτ T2 —>80 GeV >80 GeV Hmiss T,sig —>12 — Jet pT>25 GeV >120,80,50,25 GeV >120,80,50,25 GeV |∆φ(ji, Emiss T)|,i= 1,2>0.4>0.4>0.4 #b-tagged jets ≥1≥1≥1 = 0 # large-radius jets — ≥2≥2 Large-radius jet mass — >80,60 GeV >80,60 GeV Large-radius jet pT—>290 GeV if Emiss T<450 GeV >200 GeV >200 GeV if Emiss T>450 GeV Table 1. Overview of the event selections for the signal region (SR) and the background control regions for t¯ t(TCR) and W+jets (WCR) processes. For jet pTand large-radius jet masses the numbers refer to the objects ordered in pT. In this formula, mTaand mTbare transverse masses calculated using two sets of one or more visible particles, denoted aand b, respectively, and all possible combinations of missing transverse momenta ~qTaand ~qTb, with ~qTa+~qTb=~ Emiss T. This analysis uses two specific choices for the sets of visible particles aand b, and the corresponding variables are referred to as amT2 and mτ T2. The amT2 variable is used to suppress dileptonic t¯ tevents where one lepton goes undetected. Thus, the sets of visible particles for the amT2 are combinations of the identified lepton and the two jets with the highest b-tagging weights, where the lepton is combined with either jet and the combination with the lowest resulting amT2 is taken. For dileptonic t¯ tevents amT2 has a kinematic endpoint at the top quark mass but is expected to extend much higher for processes with additional sources of Emiss T. The mτ T2 variable targets t¯ tevents where one of the Wbosons decays via a hadronically decaying τ. It is only constructed in events where a hadronically decaying τcandidate is found. The τcandidate and the signal lepton are used as the two visible particles. For these events, mτ T2 is required to be greater than 80 GeV as it has a kinematic endpoint at the W boson mass for t¯ tevents. If fulfilled, the τcandidate is no longer used and instead the jet candidate, from which the τis identified, is considered for the rest of the computations. The Hmiss T,sig [67] variable is used to reduce the number of events with mis-reconstructed Emiss T. It is defined as Hmiss T,sig ≡(Hmiss T−100 GeV)/σHmiss T, where the exact value of the constant has no impact on this analysis and was optimised for the search mentioned above [68]. Here Hmiss Tis the magnitude of the vectorial sum of the signal lepton and jets transverse momenta and σHmiss Tis the approximate resolution of Hmiss T, computed using the per-event jet energy resolution [69]. – 7 – JHEP08(2017)052 5.1 Signal region selection The signal region selection is optimised to target a benchmark signal with a Tquark mass of 1 TeV, a branching ratio for the T→Zt decay of 80%, and equal branching ratios for the other two decay modes (T→Ht,T→Wb). This benchmark signal was chosen due to its mass being at the expected sensitivity reach of this analysis, and its high branching ratio into the required Zt decay mode, while at the same time allowing for decays into other final states. A summary of the SR selection is given in table 1. Due to the invisible decay of the Zboson, a high-Emiss Trequirement of at least 350 GeV is set. As discussed above, the mW Tand amT2 variables are used to reduce the t¯ tand W+jets backgrounds. The properties of large-radius jets are used to exploit the structure of the high-mass VLT decay. At least two large-radius jets with high pTand large mass are required. These target a hadronically decaying top quark, or the subsequent hadronic Wboson decay, as well as a second, hadronically decaying massive boson. At very high Emiss Tthe backgrounds are sufficiently reduced to allow looser requirements on the large-radius jet pT. For the benchmark signal, 13.4±0.5 events are expected in the SR, with 95% of them containing an invisibly decaying Zboson. This number decreases to 75% for the singlet model with a T quark mass of 1 TeV, where B (T→Zt)≃25%. The efficiency of the full event selection for the benchmark signal is 1%, taking all decay modes into account. For events with Z→ν¯ν and one leptonically decaying Wboson from a top quark decay, the selection efficiency is about 10%. 5.2 Background estimation The dominant background in the SR is due to t¯ tproduction, followed by about equal contributions from W+jets and single-top production. In order to derive the normalisation of the t¯ tand W+jets processes from data, dedicated control regions are defined and referred to as TCR and WCR, respectively. The background normalisation and a possible signal contribution are determined simultaneously in a maximum-likelihood fit to the event yields in the signal region and the control regions. The CRs are defined by modifying the requirement on mW Tto a window around the W boson mass, ensuring orthogonality between the CRs and the SR. Requirements on Emiss T, amT2,Hmiss T,sig and the large-Rjet pTare loosened in order to increase the statistical power of the CRs. In the W+jets control region, a veto on b-tagged jets is used to enrich the W+jets contribution and make the selection orthogonal to the t¯ tcontrol region. Table 1details the CR selection in comparison to the SR requirements. The normalisation factors, obtained in a fit to the control regions, for t¯ tand W+jets are µt¯ t= 1.05 ±0.17 and µW+jets = 0.70 ±0.10, where the error includes both the statistical and systematic uncertainties. Applying these normalisation factors, a comparison of data and simulation in the Emiss T and Hmiss T,sig distributions is shown in both CRs in figure 3. The normalisation factors, in particular the one for W+jets, are tested further as described in section 5.3 and section 6. The single-top background is taken from simulation. Additional backgrounds considered in the analysis are diboson production as well as t¯ tproduction in association with a vector boson. These backgrounds make a small contribution to the SR and are also taken from simulation. Rare backgrounds, such as the associated production of t¯ twith a Higgs – 8 – JHEP08(2017)052 Region SR TCR WCR TVR WVR STVR Observed events 7 437 303 112 131 143 Fitted bkg events 6.1±1.9 437 ±21 303 ±17 109 ±35 127 ±31 125 ±27 Fitted t¯ tevents 2.5±1.7 280 ±40 38 ±15 90 ±40 15 ±8 53 ±23 Fitted W+ jets events 1.1±0.7 70 ±28 224 ±27 3.5±2.0 77 ±30 15 ±7 Fitted singletop events 1.1±0.7 63 ±24 10 ±5 4.2±2.6 3.3+3.5 −3.346 ±17 Fitted t¯ t+Vevents 0.91 ±0.20 9.7±1.6 1.03 ±0.30 7.0±1.4 1.9±0.7 8.3±1.4 Fitted diboson events 0.6±0.6 11 ±5 30 ±12 1.3±1.3 31 ±9 1.7±1.1 MC exp. bkg events 6.5 450 398 106 160 129 Table 4. Number of events observed in the signal, control and validation regions, together with the estimated SM backgrounds. The normalisation factors determined in the simultaneous fit are applied. The uncertainties include all statistical and systematic sources. The individual uncertainties are correlated, and do not necessarily add in quadrature to the total background uncertainty. TVR WVR STVR SR tot σ exp - n obs n 1− 0 1 Events 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 200 220 1.05× 2Ltt 1.05× τ 1L1tt 1.05× 1Ltt 0.70× W+jets Single top +Vtt Diboson Data Total pred. 0 5 10 15 20 ATLAS -1 = 13 TeV, 36.1 fbs [GeV] miss T E 400 600 800 1000 1200 Events / 100 GeV 0 2 4 6 8 10 Data Total pred. 1.05× 2Ltt 1.05× τ 1L1tt 1.05× 1Ltt Single top 0.70× W+jets Diboson +Vtt )=(0.8,0.1,0.1)Zt,Ht,WbB( =1.1 TeV T m ATLAS -1 = 13 TeV, 36.1 fbs Signal region Figure 5. Left panel: comparison of the observed data (nobs) with the predicted background (nexp) in the VRs and SR. The bottom panel shows the significance of the difference between data and predicted background, where the significance is based on the total uncertainty (σtot). Right panel: comparison of data and prediction in the Emiss Tdistribution in the SR. The error bands include statistical and systematic uncertainties. The expected shape for a signal with mT= 1.1 TeV and B (T→Zt) = 80% is added on top of the SM prediction. Signal Obs. 95% CL Exp. 95% CL lower mass limit lower mass limit T→Zt 1.16 TeV 1.17 TeV Singlet 0.87 TeV 0.89 TeV Doublet 1.05 TeV 1.06 TeV Table 5. Observed and expected 95% CL lower limits on the Tquark mass for the pure T→Zt, the singlet model and the doublet model. Contributions from the Xor Bquark in the (X5/3, T) or (T, B) doublet models are neglected, leading to conservative limits. – 15 – JHEP08(2017)052 [GeV] T m 800 1000 1200 1400 ) [pb]TT→(ppσ 2− 10 1− 10 1Observed limit Expected limit σ 1 ±Expected limit σ 2 ±Expected limit productionTT ATLAS -1 = 13 TeV, 36.1 fbs Limit at 95% CL )=100%Zt→TB( miss T Zt+X 1l+E [GeV] T m 600 800 1000 1200 1400 ) [pb]TT→(ppσ 2− 10 1− 10 1 10 Observed limit Expected limit σ 1 ±Expected limit σ 2 ±Expected limit productionTT ATLAS -1 = 13 TeV, 36.1 fbs Limit at 95% CL SU(2) singlet miss T Zt+X 1l+E [GeV] T m 800 1000 1200 1400 ) [pb]TT→(ppσ 2− 10 1− 10 1Observed limit Expected limit σ 1 ±Expected limit σ 2 ±Expected limit productionTT ATLAS -1 = 13 TeV, 36.1 fbs Limit at 95% CL SU(2) doublet miss T Zt+X 1l+E Figure 6. Observed and expected 95% CL upper limit on the cross-section times branching ratio for VLT pair production as a function of the Tmass for B (T→Zt) = 100% (top) and for branching ratios according to the singlet model (bottom left) and the doublet model (bottom right). Contributions from the Xor Bquark in the (X5/3, T ) or (T, B) doublet models are neglected, leading to conservative limits. The thickness of the theory curve represents the theoretical uncertainty from PDFs, scale and the strong coupling constant αS. Wb)→B(T 0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 Ht)→B(T 0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 Expected 95% CL mass limit [GeV] 500 600 700 800 900 1000 1100 1200 800 900 1000 1100 SU(2) singlet SU(2) doublet ATLAS -1 = 13 TeV, 36.1 fbs miss T Zt+X 1l+E Wb)→B(T 0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 Ht)→B(T 0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 Observed 95% CL mass limit [GeV] 500 600 700 800 900 1000 1100 1200 800 900 1000 1100 SU(2) singlet SU(2) doublet ATLAS -1 = 13 TeV, 36.1 fbs miss T Zt+X 1l+E Figure 7. Expected (left) and observed (right) 95% CL lower limit on the Tquark mass as a function of the decay branching ratios into Wb and Ht. The markers indicate the branching ratios in the singlet and doublet models for masses above about 0.8 TeV, where they are approximately independent of the Tquark mass. – 16 – JHEP08(2017)052 Acknowledgments We thank CERN for the very successful operation of the LHC, as well as the support staff from our institutions without whom ATLAS could not be operated efficiently. We acknowledge the support of ANPCyT, Argentina; YerPhI, Armenia; ARC, Australia; BMWFW and FWF, Austria; ANAS, Azerbaijan; SSTC, Belarus; CNPq and FAPESP, Brazil; NSERC, NRC and CFI, Canada; CERN; CONICYT, Chile; CAS, MOST and NSFC, China; COLCIENCIAS, Colombia; MSMT CR, MPO CR and VSC CR, Czech Republic; DNRF and DNSRC, Denmark; IN2P3-CNRS, CEA-DSM/IRFU, France; SRNSF, Georgia; BMBF, HGF, and MPG, Germany; GSRT, Greece; RGC, Hong Kong SAR, China; ISF, I-CORE and Benoziyo Center, Israel; INFN, Italy; MEXT and JSPS, Japan; CNRST, Morocco; NWO, Netherlands; RCN, Norway; MNiSW and NCN, Poland; FCT, Portugal; MNE/IFA, Romania; MES of Russia and NRC KI, Russian Federation; JINR; MESTD, Serbia; MSSR, Slovakia; ARRS and MIZˇ S, Slovenia; DST/NRF, South Africa; MINECO, Spain; SRC and Wallenberg Foundation, Sweden; SERI, SNSF and Cantons of Bern and Geneva, Switzerland; MOST, Taiwan; TAEK, Turkey; STFC, United Kingdom; DOE and NSF, United States of America. In addition, individual groups and members have received support from BCKDF, the Canada Council, CANARIE, CRC, Compute Canada, FQRNT, and the Ontario Innovation Trust, Canada; EPLANET, ERC, ERDF, FP7, Horizon 2020 and Marie Sk lodowska-Curie Actions, European Union; Investissements d’Avenir Labex and Idex, ANR, R´egion Auvergne and Fondation Partager le Savoir, France; DFG and AvH Foundation, Germany; Herakleitos, Thales and Aristeia programmes co-financed by EU-ESF and the Greek NSRF; BSF, GIF and Minerva, Israel; BRF, Norway; CERCA Programme Generalitat de Catalunya, Generalitat Valenciana, Spain; the Royal Society and Leverhulme Trust, United Kingdom. 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Calvet37, S. Calvet37, T.P. Calvet88, R. Camacho Toro33, S. Camarda32, P. Camarri135a,135b, D. Cameron121, R. Caminal Armadans169, C. Camincher58, S. Campana32, M. Campanelli81, A. Camplani94a,94b, A. Campoverde143, V. Canale106a,106b, M. Cano Bret36c, J. Cantero116, T. Cao155, M.D.M. Capeans Garrido32, I. Caprini28b, M. Caprini28b, M. Capua40a,40b, R.M. Carbone38, R. Cardarelli135a, F. Cardillo51, I. Carli131, T. Carli32, G. Carlino106a, B.T. Carlson127, L. Carminati94a,94b, R.M.D. Carney148a,148b, S. Caron108, E. Carquin34b, S. Carr´a94a,94b, G.D. Carrillo-Montoya32, J. Carvalho128a,128c, D. Casadei19, M.P. Casado13,j, M. Casolino13, D.W. Casper166, R. Castelijn109, V. Castillo Gimenez170, N.F. Castro128a,k, A. Catinaccio32, J.R. Catmore121, A. Cattai32, J. Caudron23, V. Cavaliere169, E. Cavallaro13, D. Cavalli94a, M. Cavalli-Sforza13, V. Cavasinni126a,126b, E. Celebi20a, F. Ceradini136a,136b, L. Cerda Alberich170, A.S. Cerqueira26b, A. Cerri151, L. Cerrito135a,135b, F. Cerutti16, A. Cervelli18, S.A. Cetin20d, A. Chafaq137a, D. Chakraborty110, S.K. Chan59, W.S. Chan109, Y.L. Chan62a, P. Chang169, J.D. Chapman30, D.G. Charlton19, C.C. Chau161, C.A. Chavez Barajas151, S. Che113, S. Cheatham167a,167c, A. Chegwidden93, S. Chekanov6, S.V. Chekulaev163a, G.A. Chelkov68,l, M.A. Chelstowska32, C. Chen67, H. Chen27, S. Chen35b, S. Chen157, X. Chen35c,m, Y. Chen70, H.C. Cheng92, H.J. Cheng35a, A. Cheplakov68, E. Cheremushkina132, R. Cherkaoui El Moursli137e, E. Cheu7, K. Cheung63, L. Chevalier138, V. Chiarella50, G. Chiarelli126a,126b, G. Chiodini76a, A.S. Chisholm32, A. Chitan28b, Y.H. Chiu172, M.V. Chizhov68, K. Choi64, A.R. Chomont37, S. Chouridou156, V. Christodoulou81, D. Chromek-Burckhart32, M.C. Chu62a, J. Chudoba129, A.J. Chuinard90, J.J. Chwastowski42, L. Chytka117, A.K. Ciftci4a, D. Cinca46, V. Cindro78, I.A. Cioara23, C. Ciocca22a,22b, A. Ciocio16, F. Cirotto106a,106b, Z.H. Citron175, M. Citterio94a, M. Ciubancan28b, A. Clark52, B.L. Clark59, M.R. Clark38, P.J. Clark49, R.N. Clarke16, C. Clement148a,148b, Y. Coadou88, M. Cobal167a,167c, A. Coccaro52, J. Cochran67, L. Colasurdo108, B. Cole38, A.P. Colijn109, J. Collot58, T. Colombo166, P. Conde Mui˜no128a,128b, E. Coniavitis51, S.H. Connell147b, I.A. Connelly87, S. Constantinescu28b, G. Conti32, F. Conventi106a,n, M. Cooke16, A.M. Cooper-Sarkar122, – 24 – JHEP08(2017)052 C. Sandoval21, D.P.C. Sankey133, M. Sannino53a,53b, Y. Sano105, A. Sansoni50, C. Santoni37, H. Santos128a, I. Santoyo Castillo151, A. Sapronov68, J.G. Saraiva128a,128d, B. Sarrazin23, O. Sasaki69, K. Sato164, E. Sauvan5, G. Savage80, P. Savard161,d, N. Savic103, C. Sawyer133, L. Sawyer82,u, J. Saxon33, C. Sbarra22a, A. Sbrizzi22a,22b, T. Scanlon81, D.A. Scannicchio166, M. Scarcella152, J. Schaarschmidt140, P. Schacht103, B.M. Schachtner102, D. Schaefer32, L. Schaefer124, R. Schaefer45, J. Schaeffer86, S. Schaepe23, S. Schaetzel60b, U. Sch¨afer86, A.C. Schaffer119, D. Schaile102, R.D. Schamberger150, V.A. Schegelsky125, D. Scheirich131, M. Schernau166, C. Schiavi53a,53b, S. Schier139, L.K. Schildgen23, C. Schillo51, M. Schioppa40a,40b, S. Schlenker32, K.R. Schmidt-Sommerfeld103, K. Schmieden32, C. Schmitt86, S. Schmitt45, S. Schmitz86, U. Schnoor51, L. Schoeffel138, A. Schoening60b, B.D. Schoenrock93, E. Schopf23, M. Schott86, J.F.P. Schouwenberg108, J. Schovancova32, S. Schramm52, N. Schuh86, A. Schulte86, M.J. Schultens23, H.-C. Schultz-Coulon60a, H. Schulz17, M. Schumacher51, B.A. Schumm139, Ph. Schune138, A. Schwartzman145, T.A. Schwarz92, H. Schweiger87, Ph. Schwemling138, R. Schwienhorst93, J. Schwindling138, A. Sciandra23, G. Sciolla25, M. Scornajenghi40a,40b, F. Scuri126a,126b, F. Scutti91, J. Searcy92, P. Seema23, S.C. Seidel107, A. Seiden139, J.M. Seixas26a, G. Sekhniaidze106a, K. Sekhon92, S.J. Sekula43, N. Semprini-Cesari22a,22b, S. Senkin37, C. Serfon121, L. Serin119, L. Serkin167a,167b, M. Sessa136a,136b, R. Seuster172, H. Severini115, T. Sfiligoj78, F. Sforza32, A. Sfyrla52, E. Shabalina57, N.W. Shaikh148a,148b, L.Y. Shan35a, R. Shang169, J.T. Shank24, M. Shapiro16, P.B. Shatalov99, K. Shaw167a,167b, S.M. Shaw87, A. Shcherbakova148a,148b, C.Y. Shehu151, Y. Shen115, N. Sherafati31, P. Sherwood81, L. Shi153,ao, S. Shimizu70, C.O. Shimmin179, M. Shimojima104, I.P.J. Shipsey122, S. Shirabe73, M. Shiyakova68,ap, J. Shlomi175, A. Shmeleva98, D. Shoaleh Saadi97, M.J. Shochet33, S. Shojaii94a, D.R. Shope115, S. Shrestha113, E. Shulga100, M.A. Shupe7, P. Sicho129, A.M. Sickles169, P.E. Sidebo149, E. Sideras Haddad147c, O. Sidiropoulou177, A. Sidoti22a,22b, F. Siegert47, Dj. Sijacki14, J. Silva128a,128d, S.B. Silverstein148a, V. Simak130, Lj. Simic14, S. Simion119, E. Simioni86, B. Simmons81, M. Simon86, P. Sinervo161, N.B. Sinev118, M. Sioli22a,22b, G. Siragusa177, I. Siral92, S.Yu. Sivoklokov101, J. Sj¨olin148a,148b, M.B. Skinner75, P. Skubic115, M. Slater19, T. Slavicek130, M. Slawinska42, K. Sliwa165, R. Slovak131, V. Smakhtin175, B.H. Smart5, J. Smiesko146a, N. Smirnov100, S.Yu. Smirnov100, Y. Smirnov100, L.N. Smirnova101,aq, O. Smirnova84, J.W. Smith57, M.N.K. Smith38, R.W. Smith38, M. Smizanska75, K. Smolek130, A.A. Snesarev98, I.M. Snyder118, S. Snyder27, R. Sobie172,o, F. Socher47, A. Soffer155, A. Søgaard49, D.A. Soh153, G. Sokhrannyi78, C.A. Solans Sanchez32, M. Solar130, E.Yu. Soldatov100, U. Soldevila170, A.A. Solodkov132, A. Soloshenko68, O.V. Solovyanov132, V. Solovyev125, P. Sommer51, H. Son165, A. Sopczak130, D. Sosa60b, C.L. Sotiropoulou126a,126b, R. Soualah167a,167c, A.M. Soukharev111,c, D. South45, B.C. Sowden80, S. Spagnolo76a,76b, M. Spalla126a,126b, M. Spangenberg173, F. Span`o80, D. Sperlich17, F. Spettel103, T.M. Spieker60a, R. Spighi22a, G. Spigo32, L.A. Spiller91, M. Spousta131, R.D. St. Denis56,∗, A. Stabile94a, R. Stamen60a, S. Stamm17, E. Stanecka42, R.W. Stanek6, C. Stanescu136a, M.M. Stanitzki45, B.S. Stapf109, S. Stapnes121, E.A. Starchenko132, G.H. Stark33, J. Stark58, S.H Stark39, P. Staroba129, P. Starovoitov60a, S. St¨arz32, R. Staszewski42, P. Steinberg27, B. Stelzer144, H.J. Stelzer32, O. Stelzer-Chilton163a, H. Stenzel55, G.A. Stewart56, M.C. Stockton118, M. Stoebe90, G. Stoicea28b, P. Stolte57, S. Stonjek103, A.R. Stradling8, A. Straessner47, M.E. Stramaglia18, J. Strandberg149, S. Strandberg148a,148b, M. Strauss115, P. Strizenec146b, R. Str¨ohmer177, D.M. Strom118, R. Stroynowski43, A. Strubig49, S.A. Stucci27, B. Stugu15, N.A. Styles45, D. Su145, J. Su127, S. Suchek60a, Y. Sugaya120, M. Suk130, V.V. Sulin98, DMS Sultan162a,162b, S. Sultansoy4c, T. Sumida71, S. Sun59, X. Sun3, K. Suruliz151, C.J.E. Suster152, M.R. Sutton151, S. Suzuki69, M. Svatos129, M. Swiatlowski33, S.P. Swift2, I. Sykora146a, T. Sykora131, D. Ta51, K. Tackmann45, J. Taenzer155, A. Taffard166, – 31 – JHEP08(2017)052 R. Tafirout163a, N. Taiblum155, H. Takai27, R. Takashima72, E.H. Takasugi103, T. Takeshita142, Y. Takubo69, M. Talby88, A.A. Talyshev111,c, J. Tanaka157, M. Tanaka159, R. Tanaka119, S. Tanaka69, R. Tanioka70, B.B. Tannenwald113, S. Tapia Araya34b, S. Tapprogge86, S. Tarem154, G.F. Tartarelli94a, P. Tas131, M. Tasevsky129, T. Tashiro71, E. Tassi40a,40b, A. Tavares Delgado128a,128b, Y. Tayalati137e, A.C. Taylor107, G.N. Taylor91, P.T.E. Taylor91, W. Taylor163b, P. Teixeira-Dias80, D. Temple144, H. Ten Kate32, P.K. Teng153, J.J. Teoh120, F. Tepel178, S. Terada69, K. Terashi157, J. Terron85, S. Terzo13, M. Testa50, R.J. Teuscher161,o, T. Theveneaux-Pelzer88, F. Thiele39, J.P. Thomas19, J. Thomas-Wilsker80, P.D. Thompson19, A.S. Thompson56, L.A. Thomsen179, E. Thomson124, M.J. Tibbetts16, R.E. Ticse Torres88, V.O. Tikhomirov98,ar, Yu.A. Tikhonov111,c, S. Timoshenko100, P. Tipton179, S. Tisserant88, K. Todome159, S. Todorova-Nova5, S. Todt47, J. Tojo73, S. Tok´ar146a, K. Tokushuku69, E. Tolley59, L. Tomlinson87, M. Tomoto105, L. Tompkins145,as, K. Toms107, B. Tong59, P. Tornambe51, E. Torrence118, H. Torres144, E. Torr´o Pastor140, J. Toth88,at, F. 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Zwalinski32. 1Department of Physics, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia 2Physics Department, SUNY Albany, Albany NY, United States of America 3Department of Physics, University of Alberta, Edmonton AB, Canada 4 (a)Department of Physics, Ankara University, Ankara; (b)Istanbul Aydin University, Istanbul; (c) Division of Physics, TOBB University of Economics and Technology, Ankara, Turkey 5LAPP, CNRS/IN2P3 and Universit´e Savoie Mont Blanc, Annecy-le-Vieux, France 6High Energy Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne IL, United States of America 7Department of Physics, University of Arizona, Tucson AZ, United States of America 8Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington TX, United States of America 9Physics Department, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece 10 Physics Department, National Technical University of Athens, Zografou, Greece 11 Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin TX, United States of America 12 Institute of Physics, Azerbaijan Academy of Sciences, Baku, Azerbaijan 13 Institut de F´ısica d’Altes Energies (IFAE), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain 14 Institute of Physics, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia 15 Department for Physics and Technology, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway 16 Physics Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory and University of California, Berkeley CA, United States of America 17 Department of Physics, Humboldt University, Berlin, Germany 18 Albert Einstein Center for Fundamental Physics and Laboratory for High Energy Physics, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland 19 School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom 20 (a)Department of Physics, Bogazici University, Istanbul; (b)Department of Physics Engineering, Gaziantep University, Gaziantep; (d)Istanbul Bilgi University, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Istanbul; (e)Bahcesehir University, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Istanbul, Turkey – 33 – JHEP08(2017)052 21 Centro de Investigaciones, Universidad Antonio Narino, Bogota, Colombia 22 (a)INFN Sezione di Bologna; (b)Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia, Universit`a di Bologna, Bologna, Italy 23 Physikalisches Institut, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany 24 Department of Physics, Boston University, Boston MA, United States of America 25 Department of Physics, Brandeis University, Waltham MA, United States of America 26 (a)Universidade Federal do Rio De Janeiro COPPE/EE/IF, Rio de Janeiro; (b)Electrical Circuits Department, Federal University of Juiz de Fora (UFJF), Juiz de Fora; (c)Federal University of Sao Joao del Rei (UFSJ), Sao Joao del Rei; (d)Instituto de Fisica, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil 27 Physics Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton NY, United States of America 28 (a)Transilvania University of Brasov, Brasov; (b)Horia Hulubei National Institute of Physics and Nuclear Engineering, Bucharest; (c)Department of Physics, Alexandru Ioan Cuza University of Iasi, Iasi; (d)National Institute for Research and Development of Isotopic and Molecular Technologies, Physics Department, Cluj Napoca; (e)University Politehnica Bucharest, Bucharest; (f)West University in Timisoara, Timisoara, Romania 29 Departamento de F´ısica, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina 30 Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom 31 Department of Physics, Carleton University, Ottawa ON, Canada 32 CERN, Geneva, Switzerland 33 Enrico Fermi Institute, University of Chicago, Chicago IL, United States of America 34 (a)Departamento de F´ısica, Pontificia Universidad Cat´olica de Chile, Santiago; (b)Departamento de F´ısica, Universidad T´ecnica Federico Santa Mar´ıa, Valpara´ıso, Chile 35 (a)Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing; (b)Department of Physics, Nanjing University, Jiangsu; (c)Physics Department, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China 36 (a)Department of Modern Physics and State Key Laboratory of Particle Detection and Electronics, University of Science and Technology of China, Anhui; (b)School of Physics, Shandong University, Shandong; (c)Department of Physics and Astronomy, Key Laboratory for Particle Physics, Astrophysics and Cosmology, Ministry of Education; Shanghai Key Laboratory for Particle Physics and Cosmology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai(also at PKU-CHEP), China 37 Universit´e Clermont Auvergne, CNRS/IN2P3, LPC, Clermont-Ferrand, France 38 Nevis Laboratory, Columbia University, Irvington NY, United States of America 39 Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen, Kobenhavn, Denmark 40 (a)INFN Gruppo Collegato di Cosenza, Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati; (b)Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit`a della Calabria, Rende, Italy 41 (a)AGH University of Science and Technology, Faculty of Physics and Applied Computer Science, Krakow; (b)Marian Smoluchowski Institute of Physics, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland 42 Institute of Nuclear Physics Polish Academy of Sciences, Krakow, Poland 43 Physics Department, Southern Methodist University, Dallas TX, United States of America 44 Physics Department, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson TX, United States of America 45 DESY, Hamburg and Zeuthen, Germany 46 Lehrstuhl f¨ur Experimentelle Physik IV, Technische Universit¨at Dortmund, Dortmund, Germany 47 Institut f¨ur Kernund Teilchenphysik, Technische Universit¨at Dresden, Dresden, Germany 48 Department of Physics, Duke University, Durham NC, United States of America 49 SUPA - School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom 50 INFN e Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, Frascati, Italy 51 Fakult¨at f¨ur Mathematik und Physik, Albert-Ludwigs-Universit¨at, Freiburg, Germany 52 Departement de Physique Nucleaire et Corpusculaire, Universit´e de Gen`eve, Geneva, Switzerland 53 (a)INFN Sezione di Genova; (b)Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit`a di Genova, Genova, Italy 54 (a)E. Andronikashvili Institute of Physics, Iv. Javakhishvili Tbilisi State University, Tbilisi; (b) High Energy Physics Institute, Tbilisi State University, Tbilisi, Georgia – 34 – JHEP08(2017)052 55 II Physikalisches Institut, Justus-Liebig-Universit¨at Giessen, Giessen, Germany 56 SUPA - School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom 57 II Physikalisches Institut, Georg-August-Universit¨at, G¨ottingen, Germany 58 Laboratoire de Physique Subatomique et de Cosmologie, Universit´e Grenoble-Alpes, CNRS/IN2P3, Grenoble, France 59 Laboratory for Particle Physics and Cosmology, Harvard University, Cambridge MA, United States of America 60 (a)Kirchhoff-Institut f¨ur Physik, Ruprecht-Karls-Universit¨at Heidelberg, Heidelberg; (b) Physikalisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universit¨at Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany 61 Faculty of Applied Information Science, Hiroshima Institute of Technology, Hiroshima, Japan 62 (a)Department of Physics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong; (b) Department of Physics, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong; (c)Department of Physics and Institute for Advanced Study, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China 63 Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, Taiwan, Taiwan 64 Department of Physics, Indiana University, Bloomington IN, United States of America 65 Institut f¨ur Astround Teilchenphysik, Leopold-Franzens-Universit¨at, Innsbruck, Austria 66 University of Iowa, Iowa City IA, United States of America 67 Department of Physics and Astronomy, Iowa State University, Ames IA, United States of America 68 Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, JINR Dubna, Dubna, Russia 69 KEK, High Energy Accelerator Research Organization, Tsukuba, Japan 70 Graduate School of Science, Kobe University, Kobe, Japan 71 Faculty of Science, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan 72 Kyoto University of Education, Kyoto, Japan 73 Research Center for Advanced Particle Physics and Department of Physics, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan 74 Instituto de F´ısica La Plata, Universidad Nacional de La Plata and CONICET, La Plata, Argentina 75 Physics Department, Lancaster University, Lancaster, United Kingdom 76 (a)INFN Sezione di Lecce; (b)Dipartimento di Matematica e Fisica, Universit`a del Salento, Lecce, Italy 77 Oliver Lodge Laboratory, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom 78 Department of Experimental Particle Physics, Joˇzef Stefan Institute and Department of Physics, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia 79 School of Physics and Astronomy, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom 80 Department of Physics, Royal Holloway University of London, Surrey, United Kingdom 81 Department of Physics and Astronomy, University College London, London, United Kingdom 82 Louisiana Tech University, Ruston LA, United States of America 83 Laboratoire de Physique Nucl´eaire et de Hautes Energies, UPMC and Universit´e Paris-Diderot and CNRS/IN2P3, Paris, France 84 Fysiska institutionen, Lunds universitet, Lund, Sweden 85 Departamento de Fisica Teorica C-15, Universidad Autonoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain 86 Institut f¨ur Physik, Universit¨at Mainz, Mainz, Germany 87 School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom 88 CPPM, Aix-Marseille Universit´e and CNRS/IN2P3, Marseille, France 89 Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts, Amherst MA, United States of America 90 Department of Physics, McGill University, Montreal QC, Canada 91 School of Physics, University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia 92 Department of Physics, The University of Michigan, Ann Arbor MI, United States of America 93 Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing MI, United States of America 94 (a)INFN Sezione di Milano; (b)Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit`a di Milano, Milano, Italy – 35 – JHEP08(2017)052 95 B.I. Stepanov Institute of Physics, National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, Minsk, Republic of Belarus 96 Research Institute for Nuclear Problems of Byelorussian State University, Minsk, Republic of Belarus 97 Group of Particle Physics, University of Montreal, Montreal QC, Canada 98 P.N. Lebedev Physical Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia 99 Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics (ITEP), Moscow, Russia 100 National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Moscow, Russia 101 D.V. Skobeltsyn Institute of Nuclear Physics, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia 102 Fakult¨at f¨ur Physik, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universit¨at M¨unchen, M¨unchen, Germany 103 Max-Planck-Institut f¨ur Physik (Werner-Heisenberg-Institut), M¨unchen, Germany 104 Nagasaki Institute of Applied Science, Nagasaki, Japan 105 Graduate School of Science and Kobayashi-Maskawa Institute, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan 106 (a)INFN Sezione di Napoli; (b)Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit`a di Napoli, Napoli, Italy 107 Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque NM, United States of America 108 Institute for Mathematics, Astrophysics and Particle Physics, Radboud University Nijmegen/Nikhef, Nijmegen, Netherlands 109 Nikhef National Institute for Subatomic Physics and University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands 110 Department of Physics, Northern Illinois University, DeKalb IL, United States of America 111 Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics, SB RAS, Novosibirsk, Russia 112 Department of Physics, New York University, New York NY, United States of America 113 Ohio State University, Columbus OH, United States of America 114 Faculty of Science, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan 115 Homer L. Dodge Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Oklahoma, Norman OK, United States of America 116 Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater OK, United States of America 117 Palack´y University, RCPTM, Olomouc, Czech Republic 118 Center for High Energy Physics, University of Oregon, Eugene OR, United States of America 119 LAL, Univ. Paris-Sud, CNRS/IN2P3, Universit´e Paris-Saclay, Orsay, France 120 Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan 121 Department of Physics, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway 122 Department of Physics, Oxford University, Oxford, United Kingdom 123 (a)INFN Sezione di Pavia; (b)Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit`a di Pavia, Pavia, Italy 124 Department of Physics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia PA, United States of America 125 National Research Centre “Kurchatov Institute” B.P.Konstantinov Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia 126 (a)INFN Sezione di Pisa; (b)Dipartimento di Fisica E. Fermi, Universit`a di Pisa, Pisa, Italy 127 Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh PA, United States of America 128 (a)Laborat´orio de Instrumenta¸c˜ao e F´ısica Experimental de Part´ıculas - LIP, Lisboa; (b)Faculdade de Ciˆencias, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa; (c)Department of Physics, University of Coimbra, Coimbra; (d)Centro de F´ısica Nuclear da Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa; (e)Departamento de Fisica, Universidade do Minho, Braga; (f)Departamento de Fisica Teorica y del Cosmos and CAFPE, Universidad de Granada, Granada; (g)Dep Fisica and CEFITEC of Faculdade de Ciencias e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Caparica, Portugal 129 Institute of Physics, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Praha, Czech Republic 130 Czech Technical University in Prague, Praha, Czech Republic 131 Charles University, Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, Prague, Czech Republic 132 State Research Center Institute for High Energy Physics (Protvino), NRC KI, Russia – 36 – JHEP08(2017)052 133 Particle Physics Department, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Didcot, United Kingdom 134 (a)INFN Sezione di Roma; (b)Dipartimento di Fisica, Sapienza Universit`a di Roma, Roma, Italy 135 (a)INFN Sezione di Roma Tor Vergata; (b)Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit`a di Roma Tor Vergata, Roma, Italy 136 (a)INFN Sezione di Roma Tre; (b)Dipartimento di Matematica e Fisica, Universit`a Roma Tre, Roma, Italy 137 (a)Facult´e des Sciences Ain Chock, R´eseau Universitaire de Physique des Hautes Energies - Universit´e Hassan II, Casablanca; (b)Centre National de l’Energie des Sciences Techniques Nucleaires, Rabat; (c)Facult´e des Sciences Semlalia, Universit´e Cadi Ayyad, LPHEA-Marrakech; (d)Facult´e des Sciences, Universit´e Mohamed Premier and LPTPM, Oujda; (e)Facult´e des sciences, Universit´e Mohammed V, Rabat, Morocco 138 DSM/IRFU (Institut de Recherches sur les Lois Fondamentales de l’Univers), CEA Saclay (Commissariat `a l’Energie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives), Gif-sur-Yvette, France 139 Santa Cruz Institute for Particle Physics, University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz CA, United States of America 140 Department of Physics, University of Washington, Seattle WA, United States of America 141 Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom 142 Department of Physics, Shinshu University, Nagano, Japan 143 Department Physik, Universit¨at Siegen, Siegen, Germany 144 Department of Physics, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby BC, Canada 145 SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford CA, United States of America 146 (a)Faculty of Mathematics, Physics & Informatics, Comenius University, Bratislava; (b) Department of Subnuclear Physics, Institute of Experimental Physics of the Slovak Academy of Sciences, Kosice, Slovak Republic 147 (a)Department of Physics, University of Cape Town, Cape Town; (b)Department of Physics, University of Johannesburg, Johannesburg; (c)School of Physics, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa 148 (a)Department of Physics, Stockholm University; (b)The Oskar Klein Centre, Stockholm, Sweden 149 Physics Department, Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden 150 Departments of Physics & Astronomy and Chemistry, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook NY, United States of America 151 Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Sussex, Brighton, United Kingdom 152 School of Physics, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia 153 Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan 154 Department of Physics, Technion: Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel 155 Raymond and Beverly Sackler School of Physics and Astronomy, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel 156 Department of Physics, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece 157 International Center for Elementary Particle Physics and Department of Physics, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan 158 Graduate School of Science and Technology, Tokyo Metropolitan University, Tokyo, Japan 159 Department of Physics, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo, Japan 160 Tomsk State University, Tomsk, Russia 161 Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Toronto ON, Canada 162 (a)INFN-TIFPA; (b)University of Trento, Trento, Italy 163 (a)TRIUMF, Vancouver BC; (b)Department of Physics and Astronomy, York University, Toronto ON, Canada 164 Faculty of Pure and Applied Sciences, and Center for Integrated Research in Fundamental Science and Engineering, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan 165 Department of Physics and Astronomy, Tufts University, Medford MA, United States of America 166 Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California Irvine, Irvine CA, United States of America – 37 – JHEP08(2017)052 167 (a)INFN Gruppo Collegato di Udine, Sezione di Trieste, Udine; (b)ICTP, Trieste; (c) Dipartimento di Chimica, Fisica e Ambiente, Universit`a di Udine, Udine, Italy 168 Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Uppsala, Uppsala, Sweden 169 Department of Physics, University of Illinois, Urbana IL, United States of America 170 Instituto de Fisica Corpuscular (IFIC), Centro Mixto Universidad de Valencia - CSIC, Spain 171 Department of Physics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver BC, Canada 172 Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Victoria, Victoria BC, Canada 173 Department of Physics, University of Warwick, Coventry, United Kingdom 174 Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan 175 Department of Particle Physics, The Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel 176 Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin, Madison WI, United States of America 177 Fakult¨at f¨ur Physik und Astronomie, Julius-Maximilians-Universit¨at, W¨urzburg, Germany 178 Fakult¨at f¨ur Mathematik und Naturwissenschaften, Fachgruppe Physik, Bergische Universit¨at Wuppertal, Wuppertal, Germany 179 Department of Physics, Yale University, New Haven CT, United States of America 180 Yerevan Physics Institute, Yerevan, Armenia 181 Centre de Calcul de l’Institut National de Physique Nucl´eaire et de Physique des Particules (IN2P3), Villeurbanne, France 182 Academia Sinica Grid Computing, Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan aAlso at Department of Physics, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom bAlso at Institute of Physics, Azerbaijan Academy of Sciences, Baku, Azerbaijan cAlso at Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk, Russia dAlso at TRIUMF, Vancouver BC, Canada eAlso at Department of Physics & Astronomy, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, United States of America fAlso at Physics Department, An-Najah National University, Nablus, Palestine gAlso at Department of Physics, California State University, Fresno CA, United States of America hAlso at Department of Physics, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland iAlso at II Physikalisches Institut, Georg-August-Universit¨at, G¨ottingen, Germany jAlso at Departament de Fisica de la Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain kAlso at Departamento de Fisica e Astronomia, Faculdade de Ciencias, Universidade do Porto, Portugal lAlso at Tomsk State University, Tomsk, Russia mAlso at The Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter (CICQM), Beijing, China nAlso at Universita di Napoli Parthenope, Napoli, Italy oAlso at Institute of Particle Physics (IPP), Canada pAlso at Horia Hulubei National Institute of Physics and Nuclear Engineering, Bucharest, Romania qAlso at Department of Physics, St. Petersburg State Polytechnical University, St. Petersburg, Russia rAlso at Borough of Manhattan Community College, City University of New York, New York City, United States of America sAlso at Department of Financial and Management Engineering, University of the Aegean, Chios, Greece tAlso at Centre for High Performance Computing, CSIR Campus, Rosebank, Cape Town, South Africa uAlso at Louisiana Tech University, Ruston LA, United States of America vAlso at Institucio Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avancats, ICREA, Barcelona, Spain wAlso at Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan xAlso at Fakult¨at f¨ur Mathematik und Physik, Albert-Ludwigs-Universit¨at, Freiburg, Germany yAlso at Institute for Mathematics, Astrophysics and Particle Physics, Radboud University Nijmegen/Nikhef, Nijmegen, Netherlands – 38 – JHEP08(2017)052 zAlso at Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin TX, United States of America aa Also at Institute of Theoretical Physics, Ilia State University, Tbilisi, Georgia ab Also at CERN, Geneva, Switzerland ac Also at Georgian Technical University (GTU),Tbilisi, Georgia ad Also at Ochadai Academic Production, Ochanomizu University, Tokyo, Japan ae Also at Manhattan College, New York NY, United States of America af Also at Departamento de F´ısica, Pontificia Universidad Cat´olica de Chile, Santiago, Chile ag Also at Department of Physics, The University of Michigan, Ann Arbor MI, United States of America ah Also at The City College of New York, New York NY, United States of America ai Also at School of Physics, Shandong University, Shandong, China aj Also at Departamento de Fisica Teorica y del Cosmos and CAFPE, Universidad de Granada, Granada, Portugal ak Also at Department of Physics, California State University, Sacramento CA, United States of America al Also at Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology State University, Dolgoprudny, Russia am Also at Departement de Physique Nucleaire et Corpusculaire, Universit´e de Gen`eve, Geneva, Switzerland an Also at Institut de F´ısica d’Altes Energies (IFAE), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain ao Also at School of Physics, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China ap Also at Institute for Nuclear Research and Nuclear Energy (INRNE) of the Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, Bulgaria aq Also at Faculty of Physics, M.V.Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia ar Also at National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Moscow, Russia as Also at Department of Physics, Stanford University, Stanford CA, United States of America at Also at Institute for Particle and Nuclear Physics, Wigner Research Centre for Physics, Budapest, Hungary au Also at Giresun University, Faculty of Engineering, Turkey av Also at CPPM, Aix-Marseille Universit´e and CNRS/IN2P3, Marseille, France aw Also at Department of Physics, Nanjing University, Jiangsu, China ax Also at University of Malaya, Department of Physics, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia ay Also at Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan az Also at LAL, Univ. Paris-Sud, CNRS/IN2P3, Universit´e Paris-Saclay, Orsay, France ∗Deceased – 39 –