Recovering of 24 May Avenue in the Historical Center of Quito
Abstract
increased until now. At the beggining this investements were oriented to religious centers and in 1987 were focused on recovering the historical center from a hard earthquake. The architechtonical interventions were performed mostly in the nuclear part of the historical center (Plaza de la Independencia and religious buildings), promoting the tourism mostly to this nuclear zone. One of the big problems that Quito is facing now is the recovering of historical zones that, although are not in the nuclear zone of the historical center are considered cultural heritage. Emblematic zones under this situation are San Roque, La Libertad, La Marin and 24 May Avenue. 24 May Avenue is the most representative zone of this group because is next to the nuclear historical center and there were architectonical investments to prepare this zone for the tourism. Despite efforts done by local and central goverments tourists are not visiting the 24 May Avenue. The main problem that avoid tourism to visit this zone is prostitution, this zone is a traditional place for the prostitutes to work, this fact is connected with the proliferation of "negative commerces" that host prostitution services. In the area under study, many people has created hotels oriented to host tourism, but after a while they realized that there is no enough tourism in the area to mantain the service and they decide to become their hotels "negative commerces" in order to host prostitution services, this behaviour generates a vicious circle that avoids tourists to visit the 24 May Avenue.
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RECOVERINGOF24MAYAVENUEINTHEHISTORICALCENTEROF QUITO Whatarethereasonspreventingtherecoveryof24MayAvenueinthehistoricalcenter ofQuito? Authors: IvanMedinaCarranco [email protected] PedroAlmagroBlanco [email protected] ElizabethRegaladoBolanos [email protected] Collaborators: CristianNaranjo RubenTavora FredyCaisaguano FranciscoJavierSolis PaulinaTeran Brief: ThepublicinvestementsperformedinthehistoricalcenterofQuitosince1981,hasbeen increaseduntilnow.Atthebegginingthisinvestementswereorientedtoreligiouscenters andin1987werefocusedonrecoveringthehistoricalcenterfromahardearthquake.The architechtonical interventions were performed mostly in the nuclear part of the historical center(PlazadelaIndependenciaandreligiousbuildings),promotingthetourismmostlyto thisnuclearzone. OneofthebigproblemsthatQuitoisfacingnowistherecoveringofhistoricalzonesthat, althougharenotinthenuclearzoneofthehistoricalcenterareconsideredculturalheritage. EmblematiczonesunderthissituationareSanRoque,LaLibertad,LaMarinand24May Avenue.24MayAvenueisthemostrepresentativezoneofthisgroupbecauseisnexttothe nuclearhistoricalcenterandtherewerearchitectonicalinvestmentstopreparethiszonefor thetourism. Despite efforts doneby local andcentralgoverments tourists arenotvisitingthe24 May Avenue.Themainproblemthatavoidtourismtovisitthiszoneisprostitution,thiszoneisa traditional place for the prostitutes to work, this fact is connected with the proliferation of "negativecommerces"thathostprostitutionservices.Intheareaunderstudy,manypeople hascreatedhotelsorientedtohosttourism,butafterawhiletheyrealizedthatthereisno enoughtourismintheareatomantaintheserviceandtheydecidetobecometheirhotels "negative commerces" in order to host prostitution services, this behaviour generates a viciouscirclethatavoidstouriststovisitthe24MayAvenue. ODDProtocol: Themaingoalofthismodelistoanalyzehowdifferentelementsinteractsintherecovering process of 24 May Avenue and neighboring areas. In the model context, a zone is consideredrecoveredifthenumberofturistwhovisititareoverapredefinedtreshold.This modelwillbeusedincollaborationwithMunicipalityofQuitotoverifypublicpoliticsinan computationalcontextandtotesttheirefectiveness. Thepurposeofthemodelistotesthowdifferentpublicpoliticscanhelptorecoverthe24 May Avenue (decrease prostitution and increase tourism). We have modelize the prostitution, commerce and tourismsubsystems. Prostitutionand Tourismare subsystems thatfighteachother,commercesubsystemactsasaintermediateelementthattendtofavour thedominantsubsystem(prostitutionortourism). Weuse5differentkindsofagents: Tourist
ProstitutionClient Prostitute Commerce("Positive"/"Negative") Localneighbour Touristattraction Commerces can be "positive" or "negative", from a municipality point of view "positive" commerces means restaurants, hotels, hostels and caffes and "negative" commerces are placeswhichhosttheprostitutionservices. We use 6 different kinds of patches, one for each zone defined in the model: "Nuclear HIstoricalCenter","LaRonda","ElPanecillo","SanRoque"and"24MayAvenue",weadded anewkindofpatchnamed"commercearea"thatmeansthatisaplacewhereisallowedto startnewcommerces. Tourists,prostitutes,prostitutionclientsandcommerceshas"energy"asmainattribute: Tourists increase their energy if they are surrounded by local neighbors, "positive" commercesortouristattractions.Touristsdecreasetheirenergyiftheyaresurroundedby prostitutesor"negative"commerces.Ifatouristvisitsatouristattractionandcomebackto theiroriginalplacewithpositiveenergytheywillreplicate(proportionallytohisenergy). Prostitutes increase their energy if they have enough clients. Energy of prostitutes decreaseiftheydontgetanyclientinatemporalwindow.Ifprositutesenergygoabovea given treshold they will replicate (proportionally to their energy). If prositutes energy go behindagiventresholdtheywilldissapear. Prostitution clients decrease this energy if they are surrounded by local neighbors or tourists. Prostitution clients increase their energy if they are surrounded by prostitutes or "negative" commerces. If a prostitution client visits a prostitute and come back to their originalplacewithpositiveenergytheywillreplicate(proportionallytotheirenergy). Commercesincreasetheirenergy iftheyaresurroundedbylocalneighbors ortourists. Commerces decrease their energy if they are surrounded by prostitutes. If a "positive" commerce energy go behind a given treshold it becomes a "negative" commerce. If a "negative"commerceenergygoaboveagiventresholditbecomesa"positive"commerce.A new "positive" commerce can appear if a "commerce area" patch is surrounded by local neighborsandtourists. Hereisapseudocodedescribingthemainprocessofthemodel: 1. Creation of initial agents guided by real distributions. Tourists born with a "tourist attraction"goalandprostitutionclientsbornwitha"prostitute"goal. 2.Onestepgo:Eachruleisappliedtoeachagent. Rules: TouristsandProstitutioncleints:Lookfortheirgoaluntiltheygetthem,thentheycomeback totheirorigin.Whentheycomebacktotheorigintheyreplicateiftheyhaveenoughenergy. Localneighbor:Randomwalkaround24MayAvenue. Commerces:Evaluatehisenergyandtransformto"positive"or"negative"iftheyhavethe rightenergy.Anytimecanbornanew"positive"commercein"commercearea"ifthereis enoughenergy. Prostitutes:Evaluatehisenergyandreplicateordissapear. Inthe present model, atick representsaminuteandapatchrepresentsasquaremeter. Spatial extent is a square 600x300 cells simulating the 24 May Avenue and the four neighbouringzones:Nuclearhistoricalcenter,"SanRoque","Elpanecillo"and"LaRonda". Therearesocial,economicandterritorialaspectsthataffectthebehaviorofthetourismina historicalzone.Afteranalyzetherealsystemthroughinteviewswithspecialistandpeople who lives in this area we focused in which we think are the main subsystems: Tourism, commerce, local living and prostitution. For a more elaborate study we should take in accountsecurityandrealstatelayers. Althoughtheinitialpositionofeachagentisrandom,thewaythesystemgeneratesinitial agents respond to real espatial distributions, we generate tourist, tourist attractions, prostitutesandprostitutionclientsineachzoneaccordingtotherealdistributionofthemin eachmodeledzone.Tosimulate public politicsthe modelallowsto increment/decrement numberofinitialtourist,touristattractions,prostitutionclientsandlocalneighborsthrough multiplyingbyafactorthenumberofelementsineachzone.Someparametersduringthe
executionofthemodelarerandomtoo:Thewayhowtheprostitutesdecreasetheirenergy waitingforclientsandtheinitialenergyofprostitutionclientsandtourists. Flowchart: Fig.a:FlowChart Fig.b:Positiveandnegativeinfluencesbetweendifferenttypesofagents Code:N6_code.rar ViewitonGithub:https://github.com/culturadigital/forma15/blob/master/N6.nlogo Modelsnapshots: Fig.1:Experiment1:ActualstateoftheAvenue24May,prostitutionpersistsandmovesto
"SanRoque"Area.Tourismremainslow. Fig.2:Experiment2:SimulatingPublic Politic 1IncreasingTourismAttractions(x5) and numberofinitialTourist(x2).Prostitutiondissapear. Fig.3: Experiment2: SimulatingPublic Politic2 Increasing tourists(x2)andprostitution clients(x2).Prostitutionremainshighandtourismremainslow. Conclusions: After a simulation with the standard intial values (according to the actual situation of the zone) we can observe how prostitution remains as a problem and tends to polarize the distributionoftheAvenue,movingtheprostitutiontothenorthpartoftheavenueandthe tourismtothesouthpart(exactlywhatishappeningactuallyintheavenue).Howeverifwe modifytheinitial conditionswecanchangetheevolutionofthesystem,particularly if we increase(x5)thetouristattractionsinthe24MayAvenueandincreasetheinitialtourists(x2) thesystemtendstoavoidprostitutionandthetourismtendtofilltheentirearea.Themodel allowustotestdiferentsituationsasforexampleasituationwhereallkindofvisitorsare increased(prostitutionclients,localneighborsandtourists)butnonewtouristsattractions areaddedtothearea,inthisspecialsituationthetourismseemstowinhisbattleagainst prostitution but after a thousands of ticks it decreased giving way to a supremacy of prostitution. ​ We have found two main problems during the development of this model: The fact that personal interactions (as prositution services or tourist attraction visits) and commerce interactions (commerce becoming "negative" or "positive") have completly different time scaleandtheproblemwiththeefficencyofthemodelbecausemodellingatlowlevelspatial behavioursofhundredofagentsmakesitslowtosimulate.Weplantoupgradethismodel tryingtofixthistwoproblems:Modellingpersonalinterationsasmicrosystemsandcreating amoreabstractrepresentationofthesystemsmaybeusingagraphbasedmodelinsteadof apatchbasedone. AmodellikethatwillbeveryusefulfortheMunicipalityofQuitowhoistryingtorecoverthe 24 May Avenue, this model will allow them to check which public politics are more recommendedtoimplementunderconditionswehavetakeninaccount.Thismodelwillbe presentedtoQuitoMunicipalityworkersinordertotestrealpublicpolitics. References: Municipio del D.M.Q. (2009). "Administraciones Zonales del Distrito Metropolitano de Quito".
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